JPS6034228B2 - Sealed alkaline storage battery - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a sealed alkaline storage battery, which facilitates the reduction of oxygen gas generated inside the storage battery, extends the battery life, and improves high-rate charge/discharge characteristics and low-temperature characteristics. The purpose is to

There are various types of sealed alkaline storage batteries, such as nickel-cadmium type, silver-zinc type, and silver-cadmium type.In these batteries, oxygen generated from the anode diffuses to the cathode surface at the end of charging, resulting in a chemical reaction or an electrode reaction. Oxygen is absorbed and consumed.

For example, in the nickel-cadmium type, oxygen gas is absorbed into the cathode through a reaction such as formula [1}. father d + 2 days 2
0102 → book d(OH)2. ．． ．． ．． 、． {1} It is known that nickel, platinum palladium, etc. act as effective catalysts in such a recombination reaction of generated oxygen.

Therefore, the nickel bran aggregate used in the cathode plate of the sintered sealed alkaline storage battery retains the moisture of the active material and plays the role described above in addition to the role of electrical conduction. The catalyst can be added by burning the metal powder that serves as the catalyst together with the sintered powder, by sintering the sintered powder using the metal that serves as the catalyst as a substrate, or by adding the metal that serves as the catalyst when impregnating the active material. It may also be impregnated together. Different from these methods, attempts have also been made to form a galvanic cell by separately providing an auxiliary electrode containing a catalytic metal. However, in any of the above cases, the reaction described above occurs at the three-phase interface of oxygen, electrolyte, and soot, and this reaction does not occur at all in other parts.

Generally, in sealed alkaline storage batteries, as mentioned above, oxygen is generated from the anode at the end of charging, diffuses to the cathode surface, and is absorbed by the cathode plate, but in conventional sealed alkaline storage batteries, the capacity of the cathode plate is The large amount of oxygen gas generated as charging progresses increases the internal pressure of the storage battery, and the excess gas pressure at the top of the storage battery increases. The gas pressure was reduced by a release device or gas valve.

For this reason, when the storage battery is used in various atmospheres, especially when used at high temperatures, oxygen is generated in the early stages of charging, and the anode plate is not fully charged, resulting in a phenomenon in which the high-temperature characteristics of the storage battery are extremely deteriorated. Furthermore, as mentioned above, since the cathode capacity is not sufficient compared to the anode, it has disadvantages such as poor low temperature characteristics, high rate charge/discharge characteristics, and life characteristics. In view of the above points, the present invention has been developed by attaching a metal that will become a cathode active material to the inner wall of a battery can by a chemical method, an electrolytic method, etc., and activating it with a chemical or electrochemical formulation to form an active material. The plate and separator are combined to form a sealed alkaline storage battery. Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described. The battery can 1 used in the present invention is a metal plated with an alkali-resistant conductive material, such as nickel, by a chemical or electrical method.

The inner wall 2 of the battery can 1 is made of metal, such as nickel cadmium in alkaline storage batteries, which is effective in the absorption and reduction reaction of oxygen and is the same as the active material of the cathode plate 3. The adhesion layer 4 is formed by plating a cadmium compound chemically and electrically, and then the plating is repeated by charging and discharging in an alkaline aqueous solution Z containing an alkali metal, such as potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc. The cadmium compound is activated and the cathode is made to have the same function when used as a storage battery. battery can 1
The activated adhesion layer 4 is made of the same metal as the cathode active material present in the outermost cathode plate of the electrode group, so when the battery is in use, the two are in close contact with each other without any gaps and chemically When integrated, the same effect as the cathode active material attached to the cathode active material in the cathode plate can be achieved, resulting in a significant increase in gas absorption capacity.

In the present invention, a storage battery is produced by assembling a cathode plate 3, an anode plate 5, and a separator plate 6 into a battery can 1 produced as described above, and injecting an electrolyte into the battery can 1. 1 and 2 show a cylindrical sealed alkaline storage battery as an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the inner wall 2 of a battery can 1 is plated with a material of the same quality as the cathode active material, and an adhesion layer 4 is shown. FIG. 2 is an assembled view of the battery as a storage battery, in which the cathode plate 3 is plated on the inner wall 2 of the battery can 1 to form an adhesion layer 4. It is in contact with the activated active material and spot welded to the battery can bottom 7.

Furthermore, Figs. 3 to 6 are curve diagrams showing a comparison of the characteristics of the invention product A and the conventional product B for the internal cylinder type sealed nickel-cadmium storage battery. As is clear from FIG. 3, which shows the change in the internal pressure of the storage battery during charging, the storage battery according to the present invention shows no significant increase in internal pressure at the end of charging.

This shows that the generated oxygen is sufficiently absorbed and reduced by the adhesive layer 4 on the inner wall 2 of the battery can 1. Figure 4 shows the high rate discharge characteristics of the storage battery, and Figure 5 shows the low temperature characteristics of the storage battery. It can be seen that the storage battery according to the present invention is excellent in both cases. This is thought to be due to the increased capacity of the entire cathode due to the activated cathode active material attached to the inner wall of the battery can. Further, FIG. 6 shows the life characteristics, and it can be seen that the storage battery according to the present invention is excellent in this characteristic as well. As mentioned above, the present invention facilitates the reduction of oxygen gas generated inside the storage battery, significantly increases the waste absorption capacity, improves high rate charge/discharge characteristics and low temperature characteristics, and further increases the battery capacity. It has enormous industrial value, such as being able to extend the life of storage batteries.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a battery can with an adhesive layer formed on the inner wall of the battery can;
Fig. 02 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the sealed alkaline storage battery of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing changes in internal pressure of the storage battery,
FIG. 4 is a high rate discharge characteristic diagram of the storage battery, FIG. 5 is a low temperature characteristic diagram thereof, and FIG. 6 is a life characteristic diagram thereof.

1 is a battery can, 2 is an inner wall, 3 is a cathode plate, and 4 is an adhesion layer.

younger brother ding Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A sealed alkaline storage battery characterized in that a cathode active material is attached and activated to the inner wall of a battery can, and the cathode plate houses the outermost electrode plate group.