JPS6037392B2 - Heat storage device that uses fusion enthalpy - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention comprises a heat storage container containing a heat storage material that stores latent heat during phase transition from solid to liquid, and a heat transport liquid circulation circuit for sending the stored heat to a heat radiating member. The present invention relates to a heat storage device having a heat storage device.

Several cage heaters are known that use heat storage materials that can store heat during a phase transition from solid to liquid.

Heat is extracted from these heat accumulators, using a liquid immiscible with the heat storage material in liquid state as heat transfer liquid, which is pumped directly through the heat storage material and then through the heat dissipation element. In this case, it is known that the following drawbacks are exhibited. Heat exchange between the heat storage material and the heat transfer liquid flowing through it becomes increasingly difficult with increasing layer thickness of the solidified heat storage material.

The difference in volume between the molten and solidified phases of the heat storage material results in increased mechanical requirements for its equipment components, ie heat storage vessels and heat exchangers.

1) The heat storage member solidifies into a single solid body during heat dissipation,
This results in high thermal resistance to heat conduction during heat storage.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate such drawbacks.

The present invention solves this problem by using a heat storage material that does not mix or only slightly interacts with the heat storage material melt, and whose specific gravity is so different from that of the heat storage material melt that it forms two layers. A heat transfer liquid is used, and a pump rotor or a mixer rotor is arranged to create a vortex flow within the reach of the heat transfer liquid, so that the mixture of the heat storage material melt and the heat transfer liquid is sucked. This can be solved by This firstly divides the solidified heat storage material into extremely fine particles and secondly ensures a stronger heat exchange between the heat storage material and the heat transfer liquid. In a first embodiment of the invention, the heat transfer liquid is present above the heat storage material melt.

In a second embodiment, the heat storage material floats above the heavier heat transfer liquid. In the case of the first embodiment, a pump is disposed above the heat storage container, and in the case of the second embodiment, a pump is disposed below the heat storage container, which causes the liquid to flow through the vortex. It causes a dimpled face. Third
In this embodiment, the heat transfer liquid is present between the melt and the solid heat storage material, and the pump rotor is therefore arranged between these layers of heat storage material. The liquid heat storage material enters into the vortex depression created by the pump rotor. This material is broken up by the pump into extremely fine liquid bottles which, due to surface tension, take on a spherical shape and then transfer their heat to the heat-carrying liquid. After the spherical droplets solidify, they return to the heat storage material layer due to the acceleration of gravity and the far force.
Since the entire contents of the cylindrical thermal vessel are undergoing a swirling flow, the spherical particles are thrown especially towards the outside, so that all the parts of the melt that have entered the swirl buds are separated from these spherical particles. It is being Reverse phase separation occurs in heat storage materials whose melt has a higher specific gravity than when it is a solid, as is the case, for example, with water. In some cases, it is possible to park the pump generator during heat storage.

However, it is preferably also activated in the case of heat storage. This facilitates heat exchange when initially sufficient heat storage material is melted, thereby reducing the temperature drop between the heat transfer liquid and the heat storage material, which can then also reach heat storage by the heat transfer liquid. For example, water can be used as the heat-retaining liquid, and wax can be used as the heat storage material.

However, the invention can also be applied to molten salts, especially hydrated metal salts. In this case, the heat transfer liquid may be heavier than the above salt, such as chlorinated hydrocarbons, or lighter than the above salt, such as hydrocarbons such as benzene or light oil, silicone oil, ketones, dichlorohexane, etc. , toluene or xylol can be used. When the heat storage material is water, silicone oil may be used as the heat transfer liquid. The pump runner generates a vortex.

This additionally results in a mechanical subdivision of the sucked-in heat storage material. Furthermore, it also serves to swirl the contents of the storage vessel. This swirling flow effect can be assisted by tangentially introducing a return flow from the external heat exchange circuit of the heat transfer liquid, thereby centrifuging the solid heat storage material, the liquid cage heat material, and the heat transfer liquid. Separation in the force field takes place, thereby preventing the heat storage material in the region of the central shaft from being co-fed into the external heat exchange circuit. Volume compensation is achieved by placing an overhead reservoir or a volume compensator of flexible material in communication with the heat transfer liquid.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to some embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2 depict one embodiment using a heat transfer liquid with a light specific gravity, and FIG. 3 shows the case where a heat transfer liquid with a high specific gravity is used.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a pump rotor. FIG. 1 shows a specific example of a basket heat device according to the present invention, in which the heat storage container 1 has a slightly expanded conical shape and has sections la to lc that can be roughly erected at the installation site for transportation reasons. It has become.

A motor 3 is mounted on the cover 2 of the heating vessel, which drives a pump rotor 4. This rotor is partially surrounded by a spiral housing 5 which leads via a conduit 7 to a heat exchanger 7a. A spiral tube 7b is arranged at the bottom of the heat storage container 1 and has a number of downwardly opening tubes 7c through which the heat-carrying liquid is conveyed back into the heat storage container. A heat transfer liquid with a light specific gravity is present in the space 6a, a molten heat storage material is present in the space 6b, and a solid heat storage material is present in the space 6c. The entrance 7c prevents the heat storage material melt from flowing into the tube 7b if the tube 7b lies strictly in the horizontal plane 7d. When the heat storage materials 6b and 6c have solidified into one solid body after a relatively long cooling period, the heat storage container 1
The static overpressure of the heat transfer liquid heated by the heat exchanger 7a in the lower part of the field lifts the field shape until it is completely melted, causing the heat transfer liquid to flow around it. bring. On the other hand, when heat is dissipated for a short period of time, no homogeneous solid body is formed at all, but a mixture of crystals of the heat storage material and the melt is formed, and this is caused by the difference in specific gravity between the heat transfer liquid flowing in from the closed opening 7c. flowed through by the current. This difference in specific gravity between the solid and molten heat storage material is compensated by the membrane 8, which is filled and optionally communicated with the outside air. The circulation circuit 9 serves for heat supply, for example from a solar collector or a heat pump, and also for heat dissipation, for example through a hot water circulation system of a house. Second
In the figure, the cage heat vessel 11 according to the invention has at its lower end a hollow wall 12 through which a heat-carrying liquid flows for heat storage through pipe fittings 13 and 14.

In this case, the container peripheral wall 11 has a conical shape 1 expanding downward.
5, thereby allowing the solidified heat storage material to separate from the vessel wall during heat storage. In the upper part there is a pump rotor 17, which cooperates with a volute housing 18.
The pump rotor 17 is driven by a motor 19 provided outside the heat storage container. A spiral channel 20 (FIG. 4) in the pump's spiral housing 18 opens into a conduit 21. The heat-carrying liquid is conveyed back into the interior of the heat storage vessel 11 by conduits 22 and 23 which enter the approximately cylindrical heat storage vessel tangentially. A heat exchanger 24 connects the device to a heat consumption system 25 . The upper part 26 of the heat storage vessel is filled up to the separation surface 27 with a light specific gravity heat transfer liquid. When the motor 19 is driven, a vortex is generated in the heat transfer liquid, and the molten heat storage material 29 is drawn into the center 28 of the vortex against the acceleration of gravity and reaches the rotor 17 . The rotor 17, as seen in FIG. 4, is of open construction and has a sector-shaped chamber 30. The thermal material melt follows the contour of the peripheral edge 31 as shown by the arrow 34 and is thereby thrown into the spiral channel 20. Droplet 3 crystallizing due to contact between heat storage material liquid and heat transport liquid
2 is formed. Due to their high specific gravity, these crystallizing droplets 32 are thrown outward at the rotor level below the spiral housing and then settle downwards, so that the liquid portion 35 forms a solid at a certain rotating body surface 37. It is separated from the section 36. This surface 37 becomes smaller and smaller until all of the heat storage material has finally been crystallized. For heat storage, a heat-carrying liquid is introduced through the circulation circuits 13, 12, 14 until all of the crystals have melted again. Due to the weight of the solid heat storage material 16, the resulting melt flows to the sides, so that a nearly straight contact between the heat storage material and the flooded wall surface always takes place. Yet another cage heating method according to the present invention includes a tube 22 that opens in the tangential direction and passes through a heat transfer liquid at a temperature higher than the melting point of the heat storage material.
Among other things, it is returned to the lower part of the heat storage container 11 through the pipe 23.

FIG. 3 shows the case of reverse layer formation. A high specific gravity heat transfer liquid 40 is at the bottom, and a heat storage material 51 is floating above it. A rotor 42 is also correspondingly arranged in the lower part of the heat storage container 43 and is driven through a magnetically permeable wall 45 by an electric motor 44 . heat exchanger 4
6 separates the heating circuit from the heat transporting liquid circuit. The heat storage material melt 41 reaches the rotor 42 through a tube 47 which is open in the upper part 48 . The droplet 50 that is crystallizing rises and collects at a portion 51. For heat storage, the heat transfer liquid is heated by a heat exchanger 46. Initially, only the heat transfer liquid is sucked into the rotor 42, but after some of the heat storage material melts, the liquid heat storage material is also sucked in and heated, thereby transferring heat to the still crystallized heat storage material. Heat of fusion is supplied not only by the liquid but also by the already melted heat storage material. FIG. 5 shows an arrangement in which the specific gravity of the heat storage material melt 50 is greater than that of the heat transfer liquid 51, while the specific gravity of the crystallized heat storage material 52 is lighter.

Heat transfer liquid is introduced into conduit 55 via a pivot arm tube 53 having a pivot bearing 54 . In the same swirl tube 53 the heat transfer liquid exits again through the opening 56. Pump rotor 57 is driven by motor 59. Balance weight 6
0 approximately balances the weight of the motor 59. The float 61 has a constant spacing 6 between the liquid separation level 62 and the pump rotor 57.
It plays the role of making 3 exist. Two conduits are open in the pivot bearing 55, which lead to a heat exchanger according to 46 in FIG. 3, for example. Brief explanation of drawings 1 and 2
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of two embodiments of a heat storage device according to the invention using a heat transfer liquid of light specific gravity; FIG.
Figure 4 shows one of the pump rotor parts used in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of another embodiment of a heat storage device according to the present invention in which the specific gravity of the heat transfer liquid is intermediate between that of the solid state and liquid state of the heat storage material. be.

Explanation of reference symbols: In figures 1 to 4: 1, 11, 4
3: Heat evaluation container, 2: Cover, 3, 19, 44: Motor,
4, 17, 42: Rotor, 6a, 26, 40: Heat transport liquid section, 6b, 35, 41 Liquid heat storage material section, 6c, 16
, 51: Group heat storage material part, 7a, 24, 46: Heat exchanger, 8: Hollow body, 21, 22, 23, 24: External heat exchange circuit, 30: Vane, 31: Outer annular part, In FIG. :
50: Liquid heat storage material section, 51: Heat transport liquid, 52: Combined heat storage material section, 53: Swivel arm tube, 57: Rotor, 61
: Float.

FIG. l FIG. 2 FIG. 3 FIG・mu FIG. 5

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A heat storage container, in which (a) there is a heat storage material that stores latent heat upon transition from solid to liquid, and (b) there is a heat transfer liquid that does not mix with the heat storage material. and (c) in a heat storage device through which said heat transfer liquid flows through an external circulation circuit, the specific gravity of the heat transfer liquid is different from the specific gravity of the melt of said heat storage material, and there is a vortex flow in the layer of said heat transfer liquid. A heat storage device as described above, characterized in that a rotor is arranged to generate a heat storage material, into which a mixture of molten heat storage material and heat transfer liquid is sucked. 2. A heat storage device according to claim 1, wherein the specific gravity of the heat transfer liquid is lower than the specific gravity of the melt of the heat storage material, and the rotor 17 is arranged in the upper part of the heat storage container 11. 3. A heat storage device according to claim 1, wherein the specific gravity of the heat transfer liquid is greater than the specific gravity of the heat storage material melt, and the rotor 42 is located in the lower part of the heat storage container. 4. The specific gravity of the heat transfer liquid is smaller than the specific gravity of the heat storage material melt and larger than the specific gravity of the heat storage material solid, and the rotor 57 is located above the interface between the heat transfer liquid and the heat storage material melt. A heat storage device according to claim 1. 5. A heat storage device according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a separation device 31, by means of which the heat transfer liquid and the droplets of heat storage material are separated into two outflow levels. 6 External heat exchange circulation circuit for heat transport liquid 21, 24, 22
, 23, 55 is carried out by a pump, which pumps the heat transfer liquid back into the heat storage container. 7. The outflow of the heat transfer liquid from the heat storage containers 1, 43 into the external circulation circuit takes place at the central axes 28, 53 of the heat storage containers. A heat storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 above. 8. A heat storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the rotors 4, 17, 42, 67 are axial runners. 9. The rotor 4, 17, 42, 57 is a radial runner and has an inner part with vanes 30 and an outer annular part 31 without vanes, which serves to direct the flow of heat-transferring liquid into the pump housing 18. A heat storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 above. 10 The peripheral walls of the heat storage containers 1, 11, 43 expand upward in a conical shape, thereby forming a solid body 6 made of crystals of the heat storage material.
2. A heat storage device according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer liquid is only slightly lifted by the pressure of the flow of heat-transfer liquid that is forced into the bottom of the container. 11. A heat storage device according to claim 1, wherein a vortex is created in the heat transfer liquid 6a, 26, 40 to separate the heat storage material crystals and the heat transfer liquid. 12. Regenerator according to claim 11, in which the upstream vortex is generated by a rotor 4, 17, 42 arranged on the vertical axis of the regenerator container 1, 11, 43. 13. A heat storage device according to claim 12, wherein the rotors 4, 17, 42, 57 are rotors of a circulation pump that simultaneously circulates a heat-transferring liquid. 14. A heat storage device according to claim 1, in which a molten heat storage material is circulated to prevent layering. 15 Heating bottom 11a, 13, 14 at the bottom of the heat storage container 11
A heat storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 14 above, wherein the heat storage device is provided with: 16. The heat storage device according to claim 15, wherein the heat storage container peripheral wall 11 widens conically in the direction of the heating bottom. 17 At the bottom of the heat storage material melt 6c located below or in the upper part of the heat storage material melt 41 located above, a pipe system is arranged, which has openings, these openings being separate towards said melt. 17. Regenerators according to any of the preceding claims, oriented in a direction through which a heat transfer liquid is conducted. 18 Gas-filled hollow body made of flexible material in heat storage container 8
A heat storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 17 above, wherein: 19 Compensation container is heat transport liquid 6a, 26, 40, 51
19. A heat storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, in communication with a heat storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 18.