JPS604073B2 - Method and device for detecting defective bottles - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for detecting defective glass bottles having a defective opening, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for detecting defective glass bottles that are likely to break due to a defective opening when filled with carbonated drinks, etc. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for detecting.

Glass bottles used for filling and sealing carbonated drinks and the like are often reused.

These reused bottles usually have a significantly lower breaking strength than new bottles because of scratches and the like on their surfaces during the distribution process. Therefore, when filling and sealing carbonated drinks or the like, or during the distribution process, destruction may occur due to internal pressure (usually about 4 to 5 k9/kg). This destruction is particularly likely to occur in large bottles (for example, 1 liter bottles). This destruction is accompanied by scattering of glass fragments, which is not only dangerous to the human body, but also causes environmental pollution by scattering the liquid inside, contaminating surrounding equipment. The present invention aims to prevent the above-mentioned dangers and environmental pollution.

As a result of various studies on the phenomenon of the above-mentioned breakage, the present inventors found that most of the above-mentioned breakage occurs at the mouth of the bottle.Based on this knowledge, the inventors decided to It has been found that the above object can be achieved by applying a predetermined radially outward pressing force that is slightly larger than the above internal pressure to destroy the mouth of the defective bottle in advance to detect and remove the defective bottle. . The present invention will be described below with reference to drawings showing embodiments. In Figures 1 and 2,
Reference numeral 1 denotes a split mold, which consists of an insertion part la inserted into the opening 3 of the detection bottle 2, and a base part lb located on the outside upper part of the opening 3, and has a center hole lc. There is.

Further, the insertion portion la and the base portion lb are connected via a stepped portion ld. The split mold 1 is composed of a plurality of split mold pieces (FIG. 3) 4 (six pieces in this embodiment), and the split mold piece 4 consists of an insertion part 4a and a base part 4b.
The outer surface of the base portion 4b is connected to the outer surface of the base portion 4b via a stepped portion 4d.
The stepped portion 4d (ld) extends in the radial direction of the split mold 1, and when the split mold 1 is inserted into the mouth portion 3, the end surface 3a of the mouth portion 3
The base part lb is prevented from entering the mouth part 3 by contacting with the base part lb. The outer surface 4a' of the lower half of the insertion part 4a extends inwardly and downwardly to facilitate insertion, while the outer surface 4a'' of the upper half extends in the axial direction of the split mold 1, and its height is equal to that of the opening 3. , and its radius of curvature is determined to be approximately equal to the radius of the inner surface of the mouth portion 3, so that when the split mold 1 is on board, the outer surface 4a″ and the inner surface of the mouth portion 3 are in contact with each other over the entire surface as much as possible. It is configured to be easy to use. Note that the inner surface of the mouth portion 3 may not be a perfect circle, but even in that case, it is desirable that the split mold piece 4 be made of a material with some compressive elasticity in order to make the contact area as large as possible. Furthermore, between the stepped portion ld of the cutting edge where the split mold 1 expands and the mouth end surface 3a,
It is also desirable that the frictional resistance between the mandrel 5 and the inner surface of the split mold piece 4 be as small as possible. Furthermore, mandrel 5
It is necessary to have enough strength to prevent plastic deformation during intrusion. Therefore, as the material for the split mold piece 4, plastics (including relatively hard rubber), especially polyamide resin, fluororesin, etc., are preferably used. A mandrel 5 having a wide upper tapered part 5a is inserted into the center hole lc of the split mold 1, and the mandrel 5 descends from the center hole lc. 4e and expand the split mold 1 radially. In order to ensure full contact between the outer surface of the mandrel 5 and the surface of the convex portion 4e while the mandrel 5 is descending, the tapered portion 5a has a polygonal cross section (hexagonal in this embodiment), and the convex portion 4e is shaped accordingly. The surface is also a flat surface having the same slope as the tapered portion 5a. Note that if the amount of expansion of the split mold 1 is small, the cross section of the mandrel 5 may be circular. The mandrel 5 has its upper part screwed onto the lower end of the piston rod 8 of the air cylinder 7, and is moved up and down by the air cylinder 7.
Also, a predetermined push-in pressure is applied when descending. The air cylinder 7 is fixed to the upper part of the frame 6, and the annular bottom plate 6a of the frame 6 is attached to the base 4b of the split mold piece 4.
The tank is movably inserted into a circumferential groove 4b provided in the tank.
Therefore, the split mold 1 is supported by the frame 6.
In addition, an annular elastic body 9 (a coil spring in this embodiment) surrounds the split mold 1 along the other circumferential groove 4b2 of the base b of the split mold piece 4, and the mandrel 5 is raised. Type 1
is configured such that the diameter of the insertion portion la is reduced so that the insertion portion la can be freely inserted into and removed from the mouth portion 3. Using the above-mentioned apparatus, defective bottles having a defective mouth part are detected in the following manner.

First, the mandrel 5 is raised by the air cylinder 7 until the side surfaces of the adjacent split mold pieces 4 are brought into close contact with each other.
Shrink the split mold 1.

Next, insert the insertion part la into the mouth part 3 of the bottle, and insert the insertion part la into the step part l.
d on the mouth end surface 3a. Thereafter, the air cylinder 7 lowers the mandrel 5 until it reaches a predetermined pushing pressure. The predetermined pushing pressure is such that the insertion portion l
It is determined by calculation or experiment so that the pressure a applies to the inner surface of the mouth 3 of the bottle 2 is a value slightly higher than the internal pressure of the bottle 2 (after being filled with carbonated beverage or the like and sealed). As the mandrel descends, the split mold 1 expands and applies a radial pressing force to the inner surface of the opening. Therefore, a tensile force in the circumferential direction acts on the mouth portion 3. Further, although a slight vertical load is applied to the mouth end surface 3a via the stepped portion ld, this vertical load has almost no effect on breakage. This is because glass is strong against compressive force and weak against tensile force, and it is mainly the tensile force that causes breakage. Since the pushing pressure of the mandrel 5 is determined as described above, a bottle whose mouth part is likely to break after being filled with liquid and sealed is destroyed and removed before the pushing pressure is reached. Only healthy bottles that have not been destroyed are filled with liquid and sealed. Therefore, the method of the present invention is carried out for all the bottles to be filled with liquid. The apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and for example, without using the air cylinder 7 and the frame 6, the split mold 1 is supported by a frame extending from the bottom plate, and the pushing pressure of the mandrel is Alternatively, a dowel of a predetermined weight may be applied by moving it onto the mandrel for a predetermined time using a cam mechanism.

According to the method of the present invention, a radial pressure that is slightly higher than the internal pressure due to filling and sealing of the liquid content is applied to the inner surface of the mouth of the bottle by inserting the expansion part, so that defective bottles with defects in the mouth and mouth are removed. is destroyed (in this case, there is almost no scattering of glass fragments)
It is mostly intact bottles that are removed and therefore filled and sealed.

Therefore, the number of bottles destroyed during filling and sealing or during the distribution process is greatly reduced, ensuring human safety and preventing environmental pollution. Furthermore, since the device of the present invention uses a split mold to apply pressure to the inner surface of the mouth of the bottle, the pressure is applied evenly to almost the entire inner surface of the mouth, which has the effect of increasing the accuracy of detecting defective bottles. In particular, the above effects are further enhanced by using plastics having compressive elasticity as the split material. Further, the device of the present invention has the advantage of being simple in structure and capable of detecting defective bottles in a short period of time. In addition, since compressible gas is not used for the detection tip, there is almost no risk of glass fragments from being destroyed by defective bottles, so there is no danger to the human body. Furthermore, since no liquid is used for detection, the bottle will not be contaminated.
Excellent hygiene.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a state in which a device according to an embodiment of the present invention is inserted into a bottle mouth and the split mold is expanded; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the Rolo line in FIG. 1; 3 is a perspective view of a split mold piece used in the apparatus of FIG. 1; FIG. 1...Split mold (expansion member), la...insertion part, lb...
...Base, lc...Center hole, ld...
・・Step part, 2... Glass bottle, 3... Mouth part, 3a...
...End face, 5...Mandrel, 5a...7 Upper part, 7...
. . . Air cylinder (means for moving the mandrel up and down and applying a predetermined pressing force when descending), 9 . . . Annular elastic body. Shigeru 1, 2, and 2

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for detecting a defective glass bottle having a defective mouth, which includes inserting an expansion member into the mouth and applying a radially outward pressing force to the inner surface of the mouth by the expansion member. 1. A method for detecting defective glass bottles, comprising: applying pressure to the bottle, and detecting whether or not the opening is broken until the pressing force reaches a predetermined value. 2. A detection device for defective glass bottles having a defective mouth, which comprises a split mold having an insertion part inserted into the mouth during detection and a base located outside the mouth, and having a central hole; a mandrel having an upper wide tapered part that is pushed into the center hole and expands the split mold in the radial direction; An elastic body and a means for moving the mandrel up and down and applying a predetermined pushing pressure to the mandrel when descending, the insertion portion and the base of the split mold being able to come into contact with the end surface of the mouth portion during the insertion. A detection device for defective glass bottles, characterized in that the devices are connected to each other via a stepped portion. 3 Claim 2 in which the split mold is made of plastic
Device for detecting defective glass bottles as described in Section 1.