JPS6044097B2 - Adapter for gripping small diameter tools - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention provides a method for inserting and gripping a small-diameter tool shank with a different shank shape into a tool spindle in which a large-diameter tool shank is freely attachable and detachable in a machine tool, particularly a machine tool equipped with an automatic tool changer. This invention relates to a small-diameter tool gripping adapter that makes it possible to hold small-diameter tools.

Various types of automatic tool changers have been developed in the past, but when reviewing the tool change time as a theme, the so-called spindle head that supports the tool spindle is equipped with a tool storage magazine and a tool transfer arm. An integrated automatic tool changer is the most efficient.

However, this type of automatic tool changer generally has the disadvantage that the number of tools in the tool storage magazine is limited.
The reasons for this are (1) the space of the spindle head is limited, and (2) machine tools with old power tool changers have a machining mission of performing all machining with one workpiece installation, so the tool storage magazine is (3) Generally, the tool transfer arm is a twin-arm type that allows for simultaneous exchange of old and new tools. The used tools are then returned to the tool sockets where they are scheduled to be used.Therefore, when determining the tool arrangement pitch in the tool storage magazine, the pitch must be equal considering large diameter tools, so it is natural that the number of tools stored should be determined. An object of the present invention is to arrange a group of large-diameter tools and a group of small-diameter tools, each having a different shank shape, in a tool storage magazine with a minimum interval so that they do not interfere with each other. In order to increase the number of tools stored in the storage magazine, it has a shank with the same shape as the large-diameter tool shank, and is designed to hold small-diameter tools by inserting the shank of a small-diameter tool inside the shank. There is an adapter available.

In other words, the taper shank of a large diameter tool can be attached.
A machine tool having a spindle structure having a tool tightening rod that engages with a pull stud at the rear end of an attached large-diameter tool to pull the large-diameter tool into a tool insertion hole and tighten the tool, wherein the taper shank portion of the large-diameter tool is provided. an adapter that has the same shank shape as the tool spindle and that can be attached to the tool insertion hole at the front end of the tool spindle, and a small-diameter tool that is provided in the adapter so as to be movable in the axial direction and that is inserted into the adapter by the axial movement of the adapter. The spindle structure is improved by providing a small-diameter tool gripping adapter consisting of a gripping member that grips the shank portion of the tool, and a pull stud that is provided at the rear protruding end of the gripping member from the adapter and is engageable with the tool tightening rod. This makes it possible to commonly mount both large-diameter tools and small-diameter tools on one tool spindle without making any special changes.

Prior to a detailed explanation of the present invention, a general description of a machine tool equipped with an automatic tool changer equipped with an adapter according to the present invention will be given below based on FIGS.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a T-shaped base, and a column guide path 2 and a table guide path 3 are cut into the upper surface of the base.

A column 4 is provided on the column guide path 2 so as to be slidable in the X-axis direction, and the column 4 is driven by a motor 5 and a known driving means such as a ball screw and nut. Further, a table 6 is provided on the table guide path 3 so as to be slidable in the z-axis direction, and the table 6 is driven by a motor 7 and known driving means such as a ball screw and nut. A spindle head guide path 8 is cut into the side surface of the column 4. A spindle head 10 is provided on the guide path so as to be slidable in the Y-axis direction. The spindle head 10 is driven by a motor 9 and a known driving means such as a ball screw and nut. A tool spindle 11 is rotatably provided on the spindle head 10, and the tool spindle 11 is . It is rotated by a drive system that includes a motor 12 and a speed change gear in the spindle head. A tool transfer device main body 13 is mounted on the spindle head 10, and a magazine base 14 is mounted on the main body 13.

On the magazine base 14, a chain-type tool storage magazine 16 in which a tool socket is detachably provided is rotatably provided. Therefore, when calling the next tool, the desired tool socket is removed from the chain at the predetermined calling position, advances to the tool change preparation position, and waits at that position until a machining completion command is issued. According to the machining completion command, it falls down at that position, becomes parallel to the spindle, and the tool is replaced. A tool transfer arm 17 is provided in the tool transfer device main body 13 so as to be movable back and forth and rotated, and exchanges the tool on the tool spindle 11 with the tool in the standby tool socket. Next, a detailed explanation of the tool storage magazine will be given below based on FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 3.

On the top surface of the magazine base 14, two columns 18A and 18
B is installed vertically.

A driven chain wheel 19 is mounted on the pillar 18A on the tip side of the main shaft.
Further, drive chain wheels 20 are rotatably attached to the other pillars 18B via bearings, respectively. The two upper and lower chains 21, which are tensioned in a loop shape by these two chain wheels, connect a large number of tool sockets 15 around the chain pin 22 by engaging each head of the chain pin 22 with the hook piece 23 on the side of the socket 15. A roller 15R is attached to the bottom of the tool socket 15 and is detachably held.
supports the weight of Depending on the shape of the tool insertion hole, the type of tool socket can accommodate National Taper Shank tools1.
5F, 15B and 15D that holds straight shank tools
There are two types.

In order to prevent the tool from flying out when the tool socket falls down, the neck of the pull stud 62 is clamped by the spring 15S in the National Taper Shank Sockets 15F and 15B, and the neck of the pull stud 62 is held in place by the spring 15S in the Straight Shank Socket 15D. A method of inserting and holding a ring spring 71 at the entrance of the tool socket is used. When these tool sockets 15 are attached to a chain, they can be used as three types of tool sockets depending on the distance between adjacent ones.

That is, 15F has a chain pin 22 between the adjacent socket.
There are three of them, and they are used as tool sockets for large diameter tools (full backs, etc.). Further, 15B has two chain pins 22 between adjacent sockets, and is used as a tool socket for medium-diameter tools (boring tools, etc.). Furthermore, 15D does not have a chain pin 22 between it and the adjacent socket, and is used as a tool socket for small diameter tools (drills, taps, reamers, etc.). As a result, the tool sockets are arranged at unequal pitches with respect to the chain 21, resulting in a so-called fixed-number type tool storage magazine in which each tool socket and the tools stored therein correspond to each other.

In the tool socket of 15B above, there is a second
As shown in the figure, a small diameter tool gripping adapter 60 of the present invention is also inserted.

The straight shank of a small diameter tool is held in the small diameter tool gripping adapter 60, and is inserted so that the tool flange of the small diameter tool gripping adapter 60 and the tool flange of the straight shank are at different heights. As will be understood from the following description, the tool sockets 15F, 15B and the tool socket 15D are connected to the small diameter tool gripping adapter 60.
Each socket has a different length to match the height of each flange seen in the figure. The drive source 24 attached to the upper surface of the magazine base 1 song and to the left side of the drive chain wheel 20 has a gear 24A attached to the output axis of the drive source 24 and a gear 20A in the center of the drive chain wheel 20. Due to meshing, the drive chain wheel 2
0, and as a result, the chain 21 is rotated along a loop-shaped trajectory.

This drive source 24 is activated by a tape or the like command to call up the next tool to be used. An identification device 28 is attached to the upper central surface of the magazine base 14 for identifying the positions of the tool sockets 15 attached to the loop chain 21 at unequal pitches.

The identification device 28 is rotatably provided with a shaft 29, and a code plate 30 and a gear 31 having a code corresponding to the number of the tool socket are integrally mounted on the shaft. The gear 31 meshes with a gear 33A of a geared sprocket wheel 33 rotatably provided on a shaft 32 attached to the upper surface of the magazine base below the identification device 28.

Further, a sprocket wheel 34 attached to the lower end of the drive chain wheel 20 and the geared sprocket wheel 33 are connected to each other by a chain 35. Therefore, due to the rotation of the drive sprocket wheel 20, the chain 2
1 is driven, and the code plate 30 is also rotated.

At this time, one revolution of the chain is set to be synchronized with one revolution of the code plate. Further, a cylinder 25 for indexing the chain 21 is disposed below the drive source 24, and by switching the pressure oil in the cylinder 25, the piston rod 26 is moved forward and backward, and the roller 27 at the tip of the screw l/rod is moved. The loop-shaped chain 21 is indexed by engaging and disengaging the lower teeth of the drive chain wheel 20.

The drive source 24 is activated by the tape command, and identifies the code plate number corresponding to the tool socket number of the next tool to be used [2
, when the tool socket comes to the calling position, drive source 2
4 is stopped, and the indexing cylinder 25 is activated to engage the roller 27 of the piston rod 26 with the teeth of the drive chain wheel 20 to index the loop chain 21. A tool transport device 36 is located between the tool transfer device main body 13 and the magazine base 14 near the tip of the main shaft of the chain type magazine 16.

A guide path 38 parallel to the spindle axis is cut into the upper surface of the carrier base 37 of the tool transport device 36, and a cylinder 39 is provided at the rear end of the carrier base 37 parallel to the guide path 38. . A carrier 40 is slidably provided on the guide path 38, and behind the carrier 40 is a piston rod 4 that reciprocates within the cylinder 39.
By alternately switching the pressure oil to the cylinder 39, the carrier 40 shown in FIG. 3 reciprocates between the socket calling position R and the tool change preparation position C. To confirm this operation, check whether the dog 42 of the piston rod 41 is connected to the limit switch LS-3 or the limit switch LS-3. It is performed when stepping on the 14th step. The carrier 40 is provided with a three-position cylinder 43 as shown in FIG. 2A, and pistons 44 and 45 are slidably provided in the cylinder 43.

At the tip of the piston rod 44A of the piston 44, racks 46A and 46B are cut on both upper and lower sides, and at the rear of the piston rod 44A, the piston 45 is slidably provided, and furthermore, a dog 47 is provided at the rear end. The limit switch B-5, LS-6 and ? Step on -7 and check each of the 3 positions. The carrier 40 also has an elevating arm 49 that is loosely fitted onto a first shaft 48 in a direction perpendicular to the main shaft axis and swings about the shaft 48 as a fulcrum. 50 is provided so as to be slidable in the vertical direction.

A rod 52 supporting a roller 51 is attached to the rear of the socket-hanging piece 50, and the roller 51 is connected to a socket-hanging/unlatching rod 52 which is keyed to the shaft 48 by a spring 53 that constantly pushes down the socket-hanging piece 50. It comes into contact with the cam surface of the geared cam 54. The gear 54A of the geared cam 54 is connected to the rack 46 above the piston rod 44A.
It meshes with A.

The lower rack 46B of the piston rod 44A is engaged with a gear 56A (5 gears) of a geared Geneva drive plate 56 (FIG. 3) which is keyed to a second shaft 55 in a direction perpendicular to the main shaft axis. The pin 57 of the drive plate 56 engages with the cam groove 58A of the Geneva driven plate 58 fixed to the elevating arm 49 as shown in FIG.

Therefore, from the state shown in FIG. 2A, the boat 43 of the cylinder 43
When pressure oil is sent to A and 43C and drained oil is returned from boat 43B, piston 44 moves to the right until it hits piston 45. With this movement, the racks 4 on both sides of the piston rod 44A
Gears 54A and 56A meshing with 6A and 46B rotate, and gear 54A engages cam 54, roller 51 and rod 52.
As shown in the two-dot chain line in FIG.
, and insert the pin 50A of the hooking piece 50 into the hole 59A of the hooking piece 59 of the tool socket 15.
5 and remove the other hooking piece 23 hooked on the pin 22 of the chain 21. At the same time as this operation, the gear 56
A also rotates, and the pin 57 of the Geneva drive plate 56 also rotates, but the rotation of the pin 57 stops when it just enters the Geneva cam groove 58A.

When this operation is completed, the dog 47 of the piston rod 44A
is performed by stepping on limit switch 6. Is this a limit switch? At confirmation number -6, pressure oil enters the boat 39A of the cylinder 39, and the carrier 40 moves forward to the tool exchange preparation position C via the piston 41A and piston rod 41. This completion signal is sent to the dog 42.
is confirmed by stepping on limit switch LS-3. In this state, the machine waits until machining is completed to prevent interference with the workpiece being machined. At the signal of machining completion, the boat 4 of cylinder 43
When pressure oil is sent to 3A and drained oil is returned from boats 43B and 43C, piston 44 moves further to the right with piston 45, and this movement causes gear 56A meshing with rack 46B on the lower side of piston rod 44A. rotates, this gear 56A rotates the Geneva drive plate 56, and the drive plate 56
The Geneva driven plate 58 is also rotated via the pin 57 of
becomes parallel to the spindle and falls to a position where it can be replaced with the tool transfer arm. At the same time, the gear 54A also rotates, but since the lift amount of the cam 54 has reached its maximum in the previous rotation, the socket hooking piece 50 maintains its position. This operation is completed when the limit switch 7 is stepped on by the driver 47.

This signal starts the operation of the tool transfer arm 17. After the operation completion signal of the tool transfer arm 17 is received, in order to return the used tool to its original address in the tool storage magazine, it operates in the opposite direction in the reverse order to that described above. As shown in FIG. 4A, a tool spindle 11 is rotatably provided on the spindle head 10, the tool spindle 11 being supported on the front and back. The tool spindle 11 serves as a tool tightening means.
The through hole 11 extends from the tool insertion hole 11A at the front end to the rear.
A tool tightening device is built in the through hole 11B. That is, a tool tightening rod 61 is provided in the through hole 11B so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and the tip of the tightening rod 61 is attached to the through hole 11B in order to grasp the pull stud 62 of the tool inserted into the tool insertion hole 11A. Installed collet cam 6
3 and the ball 64 at the tip of the tightening rod 61 operated by the collet cam 63 form a collet chuck for a pull stud. A large number of disc springs 65 for tightening the tool are inserted between them, and the reaction force of the disc springs 65 draws the tool into the main shaft. In the embodiment of the present invention, the tool insertion hole 11A at the end of the main spindle accommodates a normal national taper shank tool and a national taper shank tool as shown in FIG. 4A.
Small diameter tool gripping adapter 60 having a shank and built-in collet chuck for straight shank tool gripping
Two types of tools are directly attached. Therefore, a straight shank tool can also be attached to the main shaft via the adapter 60. A hollow hole 60A is cut in the axial direction of the small-diameter tool gripping adapter 60, and a collet chuck 6 for gripping the straight shank of a small-diameter tool is installed in the hollow hole 60A.
6 is provided so as to be freely slidable in the axial direction. The conical end surface of the collet chuck 66 is connected to the conical cam surface 6 in the adapter 60.
0C, closes when the collet chuck 66 is pulled rearward, and opens when pushed forward. A pull stud 62 is attached to the rear of the collet chuck 66 as an engagement means for gripping a small diameter tool, and the adapter 6
0 is inserted into the tool insertion hole 11A of the spindle, the pull stud 62 is in a position where it can engage with the pull stud collector chuck. A ball 68 is freely movably held in the hole in the rear end cylindrical portion of the adapter 60, and engages with either the collet outer circumferential groove 66B or the inner groove 11D of the main shaft. A ring-shaped cover 70 is provided on the front of the adapter 60.
is attached, the ring spring 71 is inserted into the inner diameter groove 70A of the cover, and when the flange of the small diameter tool 110 is inserted into the adapter 60, the ring spring 71 jumps into the groove 111 cut in the flange part. , temporarily retaining the small diameter tool within the adapter 60. Further, a spring 69 is provided between the cover 70 and the collet front surface 66A.
is inserted and constantly moves the collet chuck 66 rearward to prevent the collet chuck 66 from moving loosely within the adapter 60. A hole 60D reaching the hollow hole 60A from the outer periphery is formed in the flange portion of the adapter 60, and a rod 73 is inserted into the hole via a spring 72. In FIG. 4A, since the adapter 60 is inserted into the main shaft, the rod 73 is held in the hollow hole 60 by the spring 72.
Although it is pressed against the outer periphery of the collet in A, the adapter 60
is in transit or in the tool storage magazine, ball 6
In order to hold the collet chuck in a position where 8 and the outer circumferential groove 66B of the collet chuck 66 match, a positioning hole 66 is formed on the outer circumference of the collet corresponding to the tip of the rod 73.
E is provided. That is, when the adapter 60 is inserted into the main shaft, the hole 68 needs to be able to freely move within the hole at the end of the adapter until the ball 68 reaches the groove 11D of the main shaft. When the adapter 60 is completely inserted into the tool insertion hole 11A of the main shaft and the collet at the tip of the tightening rod pulls in the collet chuck 66 held by the rod 73 via the pull stud 62 as shown in FIG. 4A, The ball 68 moves from the groove 66B of the collet to the groove 11 of the main shaft.
Moving to step D, the adapter 60 is held within the main shaft. Further, when the tool transfer device grasps the adapter 60 and removes the adapter 60 from the main shaft, the collet chuck 66 is pushed out against the spring 69 with the tip end surface of the tightening rod 61, and the ball 6 is pushed out against the spring 69.
8 and the outer circumferential groove 66B of the collet match, the adapter 60 can be removed. At this time, rod 73 is sprung.
・It jumps into the positioning hole 66E by the pressing force of the holder 72, and maintains the forward position of the holder I against the reaction force of the spring 69. In this state, the adapter 60 is removed from the spindle while holding the small diameter tool. When removing only the small-diameter tool from inside the adapter 60, the tightening rod 61 moves forward one step to the left from the state shown in FIG. When the collet chuck 66 is advanced (to the extent that the outer circumferential groove 66B of the first let does not mate with the ball 68 of the adapter 60), the collet chuck 66 loosens and the straight shank 112 of the small diameter tool 110 can be removed. However, the adapter 60 remains in that position because the ball 68 engages the groove 11D in the main shaft. As described above, from the tool spindle 11 to the adapter 6
The amount of advance of the tightening rod 61 is different when removing a tool with a National Taper ◆ shank such as a 0 or large-diameter tool, and when removing a tool with a straight shank of a small-diameter tool. For this purpose, a tool release cylinder installed behind the spindle head 10; 14
The piston rod 75 must have two different tightening rod advancement amounts. Therefore, bisl.nrod 75
Stoppers 76 of different heights are slidably provided on the guide path 75A at the tip, and a solenoid ``78'' attached to the piston rod 75 via a support plate 77 selects two positions for indexing and tightens. The pushing amount of the rod 61 is changed.When the tool in the spindle is a large diameter tool, the solenoid 7 is
8 is activated and the higher stop 76 is indexed. At this time, move the boat 74A of the cylinder 74 to the pump side and the boat 74B.
When connected to the tank side, the piston 75 advances and pushes the pull stud 62 deeply through the tightening rod 61, releasing the large diameter tool from the main shaft. The tool transfer device 13 (FIG. 5), which will be explained in detail later,: - When the tool transfer arm 17 grabs the tool on the spindle, the confirmation signal activates the piston 75 of the tool release cylinder 74 and activates the limit switch. In response to the completion signal from LS-16, the tool transfer arm 17 is moved forward, the tool is extracted from the spindle, the tool is rotated 180 degrees to change the position of the tool, and the tool transfer arm 17 is moved back again. The piston 75 of the cylinder 74 is moved back by this signal of completion of the retreat of the tool transfer arm 17, and the tightening rod 61 is actuated to tighten the tool and press the limit switch? At the tightening completion signal given by -17, the gripping operation of the tool transfer arm 17 is released and machining is started. For a detailed explanation of the tool transfer arm, please refer to Japanese Patent Application No. 51-20035, and here, only the parts related to the present invention will be explained.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a rotation center shaft 80 is fitted into the tool transfer device main body 13 so as to be slidable and rotatable in a direction parallel to the spindle axis.

A tool transfer arm 17 is attached to the tip of the rotation center shaft 80 that protrudes from the tool transfer device main body 13 to the front. The outer casing of the tool transfer arm 17 is composed of two plates, a front presser plate 81 and a rear presser plate 82. the two plates 81,
One rotation center pin 83 is fixed at each end of the rotation center pin 82 between the two plates. A pair of tool gripping claws 84 are pivotally attached to each of the pins 83 so as to be openable and closable. The tool gripping claw 84 is composed of a small diameter tool gripping part 85A and a large diameter tool gripping part 85B. A pin 86 is attached to each tool gripping claw 84 at a position away from the gripping part, and the pin 86 is attached to each tool gripping claw 84 held between two presser plates 81 and 82 in order to open and close the tool gripping claw 84. It engages with a hook 87A at the tip of the hawk 87. The two plates 81 and 82 guide the fork 87 in the front and back direction inside each plate, and the front surface of the link attachment part 87C of the fork 87 is inserted into the guide groove 81A cut on the back surface of the front holding plate 81. By being guided;
Each hawk 87 is slid precisely in the radial direction of the tool transfer arm.

Also, on the lower side of the hawk 87 there is a relief groove 87D for the center pin 83.
The tip of the protrusion 87B engages with the keyway of the tool when the gripping claw 84 grips the tool, and the gripping claw engages with the keyway of the tool when the tool transfer arm 17 is rotated. This prevents the tool from turning inside. Two links 88 or 89 are attached to the pin 90 at the link attachment portion 87C of each hawk 87.
It is pivoted by. The other ends of the links 88 and 89 are pivotally connected by pins 91 to the tip of a reciprocating drive shaft 92 that slides in the axial direction within the rotation center shaft 80. Three positioning cylinders 93 are provided at the rear end of the rotation center shaft 80.
A piston 94 sliding on a piston rod 92A at the rear of the reciprocating drive shaft 92 and a piston 95 fixed to the piston rod 92A are provided in the cylinder. By switching the pressure oil, the gripping claw 84 is controlled to three positions via the reciprocating drive shaft 92, links 88, 89, and fork 87. There are three types of this: when the claw is opened, when a large-diameter tool is grabbed, and when a small-diameter tool is grabbed. Next, the mechanism for performing the 1800 rotation movement of the tool transfer arm 17 and the back and forth movement for inserting and removing tools will be explained.

As shown in FIG. 5, an annular groove 97 is cut in the rear part of the central turning shaft 80, and a connecting plate 98 is fitted into the annular groove 97 in a fork shape. A piston rod 100 of a cylinder 99 for moving the tool transfer arm back and forth is fixed to the lower end of the connecting plate 98. The cylinder 99 has a piston rod 10
Piston 101 fixed at 0 and piston rod 100
The boat 9 is divided into three chambers by a piston 102 sliding thereon, and the boat 9
By selectively supplying pressure oil to 9A and 99B, the rotation center shaft 80 is positioned at three positions via a connecting plate 98 that is integrated with the piston rod 100. As already mentioned in the explanation of the structure of the adapter, these three positions are the gripping part of the tool flange of large diameter tools (fullback cutters, adapters, etc.) and the gripping part of the tool flange of small diameter tools (drills, taps, reamers, etc.)
Since the tool flange portions differ in the axial direction of the turning center axis 80, there are three positions: a tool gripping position for a large diameter tool, a tool gripping position for a small diameter tool, and a position where the tool is extracted from the spindle or tool socket. . Further, on the central outer periphery of the turning center shaft 80, as shown in FIG. 10
4 has been deleted. A rack 105 that meshes with the pinion 104 is slidably provided in the tool transfer device main body 13 perpendicular to the rotation center axis 80, and has a stroke necessary to rotate the tool transfer arm 17 1800 times. It is driven by a piston in a cylinder not shown. The present invention is configured as described above, and this tool exchange device performs tool exchange between large-diameter tools (or exchange between a large-diameter tool and an adapter) or between small-diameter tools. A tool change of a combination of tools, for example a small diameter tool and a large diameter tool, or vice versa, is not possible.

While explaining one cycle of tool exchange operation below,
The operation of the small-diameter tool gripping adapter of the present invention will be explained. Assuming that the tool on the spindle is currently machining, the tool gripping pawl 84 of the tool transfer device is in the insertion position when the tool was inserted into the spindle during the previous tool change, with the tool gripping pawl 84 open. Since it has been completed, the spindle is now waiting in a state where it is open on the outer periphery of the tool flange of the tool being used.

However, when the machining is completed, the tool conveyance device 36 knocks down the tool that was at the tool exchange preparation position in response to a machining completion signal and brings it to the tool exchange position. Confirmation at this time is performed using a signal when the dog 47 steps on the limit switch LS-7. With this confirmation signal, the cylinder 93 for opening and closing the tool gripping claw 84
The solenoid valve 96 is switched to operate the piston 95, and the tool gripping pawl 84 appropriately grips each tool on the spindle and tool socket. For example, if both tools are large diameter tools, the piston is advanced until the dog 92B depresses the limit switch LS-9, and if both tools are small diameter tools, the piston 95 is advanced until the dog 92B depresses the limit switch LS-10. grip the tool. This confirmation signal is of course limit switch LS-9 or ? -10,
In response to this signal, the piston 75 of the tool release cylinder 74 at the rear of the spindle is actuated to advance the tightening rod 61 and release the tool. However, before this operation, if the spindle and tool socket tools are large diameter tools, the solenoid 78
The stopper 76 at the tip of the piston rod 75 is indexed higher by the action of the solenoid 7.
The lower end of the stopper 76 is indexed by the spring force accompanying the demagnetization of the stopper 8. However, in any case, the tool release completion signal is sent by the LS-16, and this completion signal causes the cylinder 99 for forward and backward movement of the tool transfer arm 17 to be activated.
The solenoid valve 103 is switched, and the piston 10
1 to simultaneously pull out each tool from the spindle and tool socket. This completion signal is sent to the limit switch LS-13.
This is done by the operation of This completion signal activates the cylinder of the rack 105, causing the tool transfer arm 17 to rotate 1805 times.
In response to this rotation completion signal, the solenoid valve 103 is operated again to retract the piston 101 to a position suitable for the used tool and the new tool.

For example, if the spindle and tool socket tools are small diameter tools, limit switches are required. Piston 10 until you step on -12
1, and if each tool is a large diameter tool,
Piston 101 until you step on limit switch LS-11
to retreat.

Reversing is confirmed by one of the reversing completion signals from these limit switches. This retraction completion signal causes the piston 75 of the tool release cylinder 74 to
is activated, and the piston 75 retreats to the rearmost position. As a result, the restoring force of the disk spring 65 causes the tightening rod 61 to retreat, and the pull stud collet chuck at the tip of the tightening rod pulls in the pull stud of the large diameter tool or the pull stud of the small diameter tool gripping collet of the adapter 60. , holds the tool in the spindle.

Is the retraction completion signal of the piston 75 a limit switch? −
It is carried out by 17. In response to this retraction completion signal, the solenoid valve 96 of the tool gripping claw cylinder 93 is actuated, and the piston 95 is retracted to the rearmost position.
This completion signal is sent by the limit switch 8, and processing is restarted by this completion signal. Further, the used tool inserted into the tool solenoid 15 is returned together with the tool socket to the designated address of the tool storage magazine in which the tool was stored. Further, the tool storage magazine calls out the tool scheduled to be used next to the tool currently in use, and carries out the called tool along with the tool socket to the tool exchange preparation position by the tool transport device and waits therefor. As described above, the amount of movement and confirmation position of each mechanism differs depending on the large-diameter tool and the small-diameter tool. Therefore, considering the processing procedure of a machining center, in this application, tools are exchanged between large-diameter tools, and then between the large-diameter tool and the adapter.
The general usage seems to be to exchange the small-diameter tool in the adapter with another small-diameter tool. In any case, when transferring from a large-diameter tool to a small-diameter tool and vice versa, it is necessary to replace the adapter first. As described above, the present invention uses a new adapter that has a shank portion having the same shape as a large-diameter tool and a built-in collet chain for gripping a small-diameter tool. In addition, small-diameter tools can be used, and the number of tools that can be stored in the tool storage magazine can be greatly increased.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure shows an embodiment of a machine tool equipped with an automatic tool changer equipped with an adapter for gripping small diameter tools according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view showing the entire machine tool with the device; FIG. 1 is a side view showing the entire machine tool; FIG. 2A is a vertical sectional view schematically showing a tool storage magazine, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a motion explanatory diagram showing the lifting and raising motion of the tool socket stored in the tool storage magazine.
FIG. 4A is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the tool is inserted into the tool spindle, and the opening in FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 4A. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the tool transfer device along line BB in FIG. 6. In the figure, 1...Base, 4...Column, 6...Table, 10...Spindle head, 11
...Tool spindle, 13...Tool transfer device body, 15...Tool socket, 15F...
...Socket for large diameter tools, 15B...Socket for medium diameter tools, 15D...Socket for small diameter tools, 16...
...Tool storage magazine, 17...Tool transfer arm, 19
... Driven chain wheel, 20 ... Drive chain wheel, 21 ... Chain, 22 ... Chain pin, 23 ... Hooking piece, 24 ... Drive Source, 36... Tool transport device, 39... Cylinder, 40... Carrier, 41... Piston rod, 43... 3 position cylinder, 46A
... Upper rack, 46B ... Lower rack, 49 ... Elevation arm, 50 ... Socket hanging piece, 51 ... Roller, 54. ...Cam with gear, 54A...Gear, 56...Geneva drive plate with gear, 56A...Gear, 57...Pin,
58... Geneva driven plate, 59... Hooking piece,
60...Adapter for holding small diameter tools, 61...
...Tool tightening rod, 62...Pull stud, 63
... Collet cam, 64 ... Ball, 66
... Collet chuck, 68 ... Ball, 7
1...Ring spring, 73...Rod, 74...Cylinder for tool release, 75...
... Piston rod, 76 ... Stopper, 78
... Solenoid valve, 80 ... Center shaft during rotation, 84 ... Tool gripping claw, 85A ...
...Small diameter tool gripping part, 85B...Large diameter tool gripping part.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An adapter body having a large-diameter tool taper shank portion that can be attached to a tool insertion hole of a tool spindle provided in a machine tool, and an adapter body that is provided in the adapter body so as to be displaceable in the axial direction. A gripping member that grips the shank of a small-diameter tool inserted into the main body, and a gripping member provided at the rear protruding end of the gripping member from the adapter and moved in the axial direction within the tool spindle to tighten and release the tool within the spindle. The tool comprises a tool tightening means and an engaging means capable of engaging, and when the tool tightening means pulls the engaging means, it is possible to attach and tighten even a small diameter tool to the tool spindle via an adapter. Adapter for gripping small diameter tools.