JPS6047465B2 - hot gas engine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hot gas engine having a displacer-like mechanism for moving gas between hot and cold spaces.

The movement of general gas is carried out by a displacer that moves within the space within the cylinder, and a specific example of this type of device will be described with reference to FIG. A specific example of this type of device will be explained with reference to FIG. In Figure 1,
A displacer 2, a piston 3, a displacer, a rod 4, and a piston and a rod 5 are provided to reciprocate within a cylinder 1 of a hot gas engine. As the displacer 2 descends, the low-temperature gas that has entered the low-temperature space 6 is pushed out, passes through the cooler 7, and as it passes through the regenerator 8 and heater 9, it is heated and becomes high-temperature gas, which enters the high-temperature space 10. At this time, the gas expands, so the force increases and the piston 3
Press down. When the displacer rises, the above is reversed, and the output is finally taken out from the drive mechanism (not shown) through the piston and rod 5, and part of it is sent to the displacer 2 through the displacer and rod 4. It becomes the power to move. In this case, use lubricating oil on the piston,
If you try to prevent gas leaks with that oil, other oils will be carried to high-temperature spaces by the movement of gas, where they will deteriorate due to the heat, accumulate in the equipment, and clog gas passages. It had some flaws that caused trouble.

As a countermeasure against this problem, a conventional method generally used is to use carbon, Teflon, or a mixture of these and other materials as the material of the sealing ring, without using oil. However, all of these methods have the disadvantage that they are not sufficient to prevent gas leakage or that the sealing ring or sealing ring is subject to rapid friction. Another well-known solution is the use of liquid-supported rolling diaphragms.

A flexible diaphragm is installed as a seal in the gap between the piston and cylinder, dividing the space between the piston and the cylinder.
This method fills the space opposite to the space occupied by gas with oil, but in order to avoid creating excessive stress on the rolling diaphragm with this method, the pressure of the oil, which is the supporting liquid, must be adjusted according to the constantly fluctuating gas pressure. It is necessary not only to adjust but also to reduce the stress caused by the deformation of the rolling diaphragm, and therefore it is difficult to sufficiently reduce the stress generated in the rolling diaphragm. The above is about the gap between the piston and cylinder, but in the case of a hot gas engine with a displacer, the same thing applies to the displacer. Regarding the gap between the rod and the piston, the sealing ring and the rolling diaphragm are required at two locations. The present invention provides a solution to these problems.

That is, the present invention differs from the above conventional example in that lubricating oil is used in the gap between the piston and the cylinder, and in the gap between the displacer and the rod and the piston, and is expected to have the effect of preventing gas leakage. A partition plate is provided in the low temperature gas space to divide the low temperature gas space into two, and the partition plate is intended to prevent oil from going to the high temperature space. The present invention also improves the gap between the piston and cylinder and the displacer. Rod and piston? By supplying lubricating oil to the gap between the two, troubles due to oil deterioration will not occur even if the system is operated with a liquid seal effect. The present invention will be explained in detail below along with examples. do.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show embodiments of the present invention,
Even if a flexible partition plate such as a bellows 11 and a diaphragm 12 is used, the displacer. By connecting the surface of the rod 4 and the inner wall surface of the cylinder 1, the low temperature space 6 shown in FIG. The low temperature space 14 is divided into two. The diaphragm can be deformed so that the respective pressures of the low temperature spaces 13 and 14 are almost equal at all times when the engine is in operation, that is, when the displacer 2 and the piston 3 are moving up and down, and the deformation is possible. The shape and material are such that the stress caused by That is, the bellows 11 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is a double inner and outer bellows made of a thin stainless steel plate or polypropylene, and in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, it is made of spherical neoprene rubber or the like. Diaphragm 1
2 is used. By using such a partition plate 11 or 12, the high pressure generated in the high temperature space 10 is transmitted to the low temperature space 13 connected to the high temperature space, and at the same time, the high pressure generated in the high temperature space 10 is transmitted through the bellows 11 or the diaphragm 12 to the high temperature space 10.
The pressure is transmitted to the low temperature space 14 which is not connected to the piston 3 with almost no difference in pressure or force, and is further transmitted to the piston 3.

That is, the way pressure is transmitted is almost unchanged compared to the case without the partition plate. Next, different embodiments will be described.

A gas with good properties as a heat medium, such as hydrogen or helium, with low viscous resistance and good heat conductivity, is filled in the space connected to the high-temperature space with the partition as a boundary, and a gas such as air is filled in the space on the opposite side. Use a gas that does not easily leak through gaps and can be easily refilled. In addition to having all the effects of the present invention described above, this embodiment also has the following effects. In other words, in general, when a gas with good properties as a heat medium, such as hydrogen or helium, is used in a hot gas engine, higher output and higher efficiency can be obtained than when using other gases. However, these gases tend to leak from gaps, and the leakage from the piston and furthermore to the outside of the engine is greater than from the output shaft gap.

On the other hand, when air is used in a hot gas engine, its characteristics as a heat medium are poor, but it has the advantage that there is little leakage from the piston or leakage to the outside of the engine, and even if air leaks, it can be easily replenished using a small compressor, etc. There is. As is clear from the above, the above embodiment provides a hot gas engine that combines the excellent characteristics of each gas. As described above, in the present invention, there is no possibility of gas leakage or excessive wear of the sealing material.

Furthermore, compared to the conventional engine in which liquid supporting rolling diaphragms are provided at two locations and a supporting hydraulic pressure adjustment device is added to reduce the stress generated on the diaphragms, the structure of the present invention is simpler and Since there is a degree of freedom in selecting the structure and material of the diaphragm, by matching these to the design specifications of each individual engine, the stress generated in the diaphragm can be kept sufficiently small and below the allowable value, thereby improving reliability. It is possible to obtain a hot gas engine that is more expensive and does not cause troubles due to oil deterioration.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a conventional hot gas engine, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are partial sectional views of a hot gas engine according to the present invention using a bellows and a diaphragm, respectively. 1... Urinda, 2... Displacer, 4
...displacer. Rod, 11... Bellows, 12... Diaphragm, 13...
Low-temperature space connected to high-temperature space, 14... Low-temperature space not connected to high-temperature space.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A side passage in which the space inside the cylinder is divided into a high temperature space and a low temperature space by a movable displacer, and a heater is arranged on the high temperature space side and a cooler is arranged on the low temperature space side. form,
The displacer or displacer in the low temperature space. By installing a diaphragm between the surface of the rod and the inner wall surface of the cylinder and making the diaphragm flexible,
The fluctuating pressures of the gas on both sides of the diaphragm are made to always take approximately the same value, and the expansion or contraction pressure of the gas, which has become high or low temperature by the heater or the cooler, is transferred through the diaphragm. A hot gas engine characterized in that the gas is separated from the expanded or contracted gas, is transmitted to a foreign gas, and is further transmitted to a piston from which output is extracted. 2. The hot gas engine according to claim 1, wherein air is used in a space communicating with the piston with the partition plate as a boundary, and helium or hydrogen gas is filled in the space on the opposite side. .