JPS6049737B2 - Method and apparatus for excavating open grabens, especially for laying pipes in geological formations - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to an excavating metsu cell which is divided into a plurality of parts in the vertical direction and can be propelled in the direction of a face and in the direction away from the face either singly or in groups by jacks each supported by a support frame. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for excavating an open graben with an excavator installed in the Metsu cell shield using a Metsu cell shield equipped with the above.

It is known to carry out the excavation of open graben trenches using a shield within the excavation range that protects the trench from collapsing. To excavate the bottom of a rift, special excavation equipment, such as a power shovel, is used outside the rift. Shields are also used to dig underground tunnels, shafts, etc.

In addition to the loading conveyor, the shield is then constructed using an excavator, for example a section excavator with a swivelable vine arm. When using a shield to excavate an open graben, it is not uncommon to have to excavate through rock strata and normal strata, which have different hardness and stability. At that time, if the trench is being excavated using the equipment normally used when excavating in soft rock strata, and even if during the excavation process a hard rock stratum is encountered, this stratum must be excavated;
facing an extremely difficult situation. The object of the invention is to enable economical excavation work, especially when excavating one or more open trenches for laying pipes has to be carried out in strata of significantly different hardness and in normal strata. The purpose of this project is to build an excavation method and excavation device.

The method according to the invention solves this problem in the following way. That is, the excavation of a graben in a hard rock stratum is carried out using an excavation machine that can move forward in the direction of the face without regard to the support frame, with the excavation Metzel retreated from the face, and at this time, the pickpocket is moved through the swash plate. The excavator inside the Metsucell shield is moved back to the rest position and its cutter arm is raised to carry out the excavation machine from below through the conveyor towards its rear throwing end and to excavate a graben in the soft rock formation. The problem can be solved by driving the excavating metsu cell until it comes into contact with the face, adapting it to the inclination angle of the face, and using an excavator installed outside the graben in this state. When excavating trenches in hard rock formations, it is advantageous to fix the shield in the trench. In hard rock strata, it is supported within the shield.
In soft rock formations, it is advantageous to excavate the graben using an excavator installed outside the graben. be.

When excavating in soft rock strata, the cutter arm of the excavator is raised from a rest position at a steep angle. Therefore, this cutter arm does not interfere with the underground layer excavation work. Therefore, with the method described above, it is possible to excavate an open graben in strata with varying degrees of hardness in an economical manner and with high excavation efficiency. There is no need to change the equipment of the excavator, which takes a lot of time. The excavator remains within the shield, even when digging through soft rock formations. At that time, the excavator was returned to its resting position within the shield. in this case,
The cutter arm is erected at a steep angle, so the face is exposed for geological excavation. The substratum surface can be excavated with an excavator installed outside the graben. In this case, the removal of the shear can take place with a digging machine and/or with a loading machine located in the shield. Furthermore, it is important for the method according to the invention that the excavation mesh cell can be adapted to different face inclination angles.

This means that when drilling through hard rock formations, the excavated metzels are adapted to steeply sloping faces in such a way that their front ends of the metzels are located almost vertically one above the other, or only slightly touching each other. It means that you can. In this case, the excavating cell is at the same time offset in a stepped manner relative to the face to such an extent that sufficient free space for the working movement of the excavating machine or its cutter roll is available at that location. On the other hand, in the case of excavation of soft rock strata, the excavation Metzels are set in a state where they are shifted from each other in accordance with the inclination angle of the face that will be formed, and are set in the stratum to the extent that the excavation wall surface is protected in the area closest to the face. It has been penetrated. In order to carry out the above method, a Metsu cell shield is provided which is divided into a plurality of vertically divided parts and is equipped with an excavating Metsu cell that can be propelled in the direction of the face and away from the face by jacks each supported by a support frame, and this Metsu cell shield. A device for excavating trenches in hard and soft rock formations, consisting of an excavator with an ivy arm movably supported in a metsucel shield and capable of pivoting up and down, is characterized by: The cutter arm has a cutter roller driven by the cutter arm, and the cutter arm is supported on a slider via a turntable.
The slider is guided along a slider guide of the support frame and is configured to be slidable within the support frame by means of a propulsion cylinder in the direction of excavation and in the direction opposite to the direction of excavation; A loading device consisting of a swash plate extending downward in the direction of the face at the front end of the excavator, and a loading arm provided so as to be able to swing and reciprocate with respect to the swash plate by means of a swing cylinder, is mounted inside the Metsu cell shield. The point of action of the jack on the excavation metsu cell is movable in order to adapt the excavation metsu cell to various inclination angles of the face. The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

Excavation of the open graben is carried out under the protection of the shield 10 which is divided into a plurality of parts in the vertical direction.

This shield is provided, in a known manner, with a support frame 11 on which an excavation cell 12 adjoining the trench wall is supported and guided in the excavation direction (2). The parallel excavation mechanism 12 can be excavated by a hydraulic jack 13. The cylinder 14 of this jack 13 is pivotally mounted on a common support frame 11, while its piston rod is connected to a connecting mechanism 15.
Through the excavation Metsu cell and link movement is possible. The digging Metzels can therefore be propelled individually or in groups, in which case the jack cylinders are supported on the support frame 11. The shield likewise has a bottom frame 16 formed by individual axis-parallel digging cells.

A trailing shield 17 is connected to the shield 10. This trailing shield protects the trench wall from the excavation metsu cell 12.
and especially link-moveably coupled trailing Metucell 1
8 and a bottom metsu cell forming a bottom frame 16, or a bottom metsu cell 19 connected to the support frame 11 via a link shaft 20 or the like. The trailing meter cell 18 is supported by a support frame 21 of the trailing shield 17. The support frame 21 is fastened to a top support 22 which is connected via a link connection 23 to the top support 24 of the support frame 11 . Therefore, the frame 21 is moved forward together with the support frame 11. The individual tube sections 25 of the tube row to be laid are introduced into the trailing shield 17.

An excavator 26 is supported inside the support frame 11 of the shield 10. This excavator is driven by a cutter roll 28
A cutter arm 27 is provided. This cutter arm 27 is swingably supported by a turntable 30 within a swing support portion 29 . The turntable 30 itself is mounted on the slider 31 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis. The slider 31 is slidably guided on a slider guide portion 32 of the support frame 11 in the excavation direction (2) and in the opposite direction. The upward and downward movements of the cutter arm 27 are carried out by a hydraulic swing cylinder 33, the swing movement in the left and right directions is carried out by a swing cylinder 34, and the forward sliding movement of the slider 31 is carried out by a propulsion cylinder 35. (See Figure 3). Inside the support frame 11 of the shield 10,
In particular, it consists of a chain scraper conveyor and extends upwardly from the forward loading swash plate 37 to its rearward discharge end 38.
A loading conveyor 36 is provided which is mounted in the open position.

The pickpockets are carried out within this loading conveyor 36 by a loading arm 39. This loading arm 39 is pivotable around a link bolt 40, and a pivot cylinder 41
It is possible to swing and reciprocate with respect to the loading/unloading swash plate. In this case, in one direction of swivel, the loading arm penetrates into the shear pile existing in front of the face, and in the opposite direction of swivel, it forces the shear through the loading swash plate 37 into the loading conveyor 36. FIG. 1 shows the working condition of the equipment of the excavator 26.

In this case, the trench is excavated laterally in the hard rock stratum by means of a rocking cylinder 34 and at the same time in the first direction, as shown in FIG.
As shown in the drawings and FIG. 2, the vine arm 27 and the cutting roll 28 provided thereon are capable of swinging up and down by a swing cylinder 33 and can be propelled in the excavation direction (2). The trench is excavated by this excavator while forming a steep face 42. The conveyance of the excavated waste is carried out by the loading devices 37, 39-41 and the loading conveyor 36, as already mentioned. In FIG. 1, the cutting messels 12 are arranged in a stepped manner, corresponding to the state of the face 42, so that sufficient free space is available for the working movement of the cutting rolls 28. This provides sufficient free space for the vine arm 27 to be able to swing up and down and pivot laterally, and the risk of the cutter roll 28 of the cutter arm 27 colliding with the excavating metsu cell 12 is avoided. On the other hand, when excavating a soft rock stratum, the excavation metsu cell 12 penetrates into the face. At this time, since the excavator 26 and its cutter arm 27 are at a resting position at the rear, no collision occurs between the cutter roll 28 and the excavator Metzel 12. Further, in this case, the risk of the shovel 44 of the excavator 43 colliding with the excavating Metsu cell 12 is also avoided. When digging into an unstable soft rock stratum while digging a graben and continuing digging, use the excavation device 2 as shown in Figure 2.
6 is returned to its rest position by a propulsion jack 34 attached to the support frame 11, and at the same time, the cutter arm 27 is raised to a raised position by the swing cylinder 33, and the cutter arm projects outward from the graben. .

As a result, the face surface is exposed for excavation of the graben by the excavator 43, here a power shovel equipped with a shovel 44, located outside the graben. At the same time, the digging Metzel 12 is adapted to the slight inclination of the face 42'' and is advanced so that the Metzel end 12'' is always in contact with the face end and conveniently penetrates into the face. From the arrangement of the excavation Metzel 12 shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 2. The conversion to the arrangement shown is carried out by shifting the pivot point of the hydraulic jack 13 in accordance with the position of the excavating Metzel. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 15'' indicates the connection mechanism of the excavation metsu cell.
5'' is connected to the piston rod of the jack 13, so that it is possible to bring the digging Metzel into the position according to FIG. As shown in the figure, the jack is first let out to propel the excavation Metzel, then the connection of the jack at the connection mechanism 15 is released, and then the jack is connected to the connection mechanism 15''. However, connection mechanism 1
5 can be removed from the excavation metsu cell and reconnected to the excavation metsu cell at a rear position of the excavation metsu cell. The connecting mechanism 15, consisting of a link connection, can also be slid within the sliding guide of the digging metsu cell and can be fixed to the digging metsu cell in various sliding positions. It is advantageous that by displacing the jack connection it is possible to adapt the digging Metzel in its basic position to different face inclination angles. That is, the connection mechanism 15,
By moving 15'' into various positions, the following working phases of Metzel 12 are achieved.

As shown in FIG. 1, the excavating metsu cell 12 is retracted by a predetermined distance from the face in this basic position, so that the cutter roll 28 can work at the face 42 without colliding with the excavating metsu cell. In this case, the cylinder 13 is connected to the front connection mechanism 15. Second
In the figure (soft rock stratum), the excavation Metzel is driven to the face 42'' in the basic position, i.e. cylinder 1
3 is attached to the rear connecting mechanism 15'' of the digging Metzel 12. In each of the two basic positions of the Metzel digging, the cylinder 13 still has a sufficiently large stroke;
This makes it possible for the excavation Metzel to be propelled relative to the common support frame 11 in accordance with the graben. If the cylinder 13 is attached to the connection mechanism 15 (instead of the connection mechanism 15'') in a soft rock formation (FIG. 2), the stroke of the cylinder 13 in this predetermined position in the excavation Metzel will not take place as in 152; Therefore, the face 42 is used by excavators 43 and 44.
When excavating again, the excavating Metzel 12 is moved by the exposed support frame 11 and the excavator 2 supported on this support frame.
6, it is impossible to penetrate further into the ground.

When excavating soft rock strata, the shear at the bottom of the graben can be transported by the excavator 43 and/or the loading conveyor 36 in combination with the loading devices 37, 39-41.

Furthermore, when a hard rock stratum is to be excavated following the trench excavation, the excavation Metzel 12 is moved to the position shown in FIG. can be used.
Two fixing claws 45 are provided on both sides of the bottom frame 16 of the shield 10, respectively. These claws can be pivoted about the link portion 46 on a vertical link axis, and are pivoted and fixed in the direction of the excavation wall surface by the fixed cylinder 47. Along with this, an excavator 26 installed inside the shield excavates the graben.
In this case, it is possible to fix the shield immovably within the graben.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a device according to the invention shown with a digging machine in working condition, and FIG. 2 shows the device according to FIG. 1, but with the digging machine in a rest position.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Equipped with excavation metsu cells that are divided into a plurality of parts in the vertical direction and can be propelled in the direction of the face and in the direction away from the face either singly or in groups by jacks each supported by a support frame. In a method of excavating an open graben in a soft rock stratum and a hard rock stratum using a Metsu cell shield and an excavation machine supported in the Metsu cell shield, the excavation of a graben in a hard rock stratum is carried out using an excavation Metsu cell. 12 is retreated from the face 42, and an excavator 26 capable of moving forward in the direction of the face regardless of the support frame 11 is used.
At this time, the shear is carried out from below the excavator 26 via the swash plate 37 to the direction of the throwing end 38 behind it via the conveyor 36, and the excavation of the graben in the soft rock stratum is carried out by the excavation in the Metsu cell shield. The machine 26 is retreated to the rest position, its cutter arm 27 is erected, and the excavation machine 21 is propelled until it comes into contact with the face 42 to match the inclination angle of the face, and in this state, the excavation machine 43 installed outside the graben is The above method, characterized in that it is carried out using. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when excavating a graben in a hard rock stratum, the Metsucel shield 10 is fixed in the graben. 3 A Metsu cell shield equipped with an excavating Metsu cell that is divided into a plurality of parts in the vertical direction and can be propelled in the direction of the face and in the direction away from the face either singly or in groups by jacks each supported by a support frame, and this Metsu cell shield In a device for excavating a graben in hard and soft rock strata, the excavator 26 is driven, comprising an excavator movably supported in a cell shield and equipped with a cutter arm that can swing up and down. cutter roller 28
The cutter arm 27 is supported on a slider 31 via a turntable 30, and the slider 31 is guided along a slider guide portion 32 of the support frame 11 and is connected to a propulsion cylinder. 3
5 is configured to be slidable within the support frame in the excavation direction V and in a direction opposite to this excavation direction, and further includes a loading conveyor 36 and a slope extending downward in the face direction at the front end of the loading conveyor 36. A loading device consisting of a plate 37 and a loading arm 39 which is provided so as to be able to rotate and reciprocate with respect to this swash plate by means of a rotating cylinder 41 is provided below the turntable 30 of the excavator 26 within the Metsu cell shield 10. and that the point of action of the jack 13 on the excavation metsu cell 12 is movable in order to adapt the excavation metsu cell to various inclination angles of the faces 42, 42'. .