JPS6050929B2 - rubble leveling boat - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a rubble leveling boat capable of mechanically and efficiently carrying out the work of dumping rubble into water and leveling the rubble by operating from the water.

In general, when installing a structure such as a caisson underwater, rubble and leveling are required to construct the base mount.

Traditionally, rubble has been dropped by a cutting ship, but it is difficult to form a large end face by simply dropping the rubble, so the thrown rubble must be leveled. In the past, this basic leveling work relied on the manual labor of divers.

However, it is difficult for divers to perform leveling work in deep water or leveling a large amount of rubble work. In addition, leveling work performed by divers is inefficient,
In particular, there are various problems such as the fact that when the weather and sea conditions deteriorate, it is inevitable that the work efficiency will further decrease due to the influence of the weather and sea conditions. For this reason, a number of rubble leveling vessels have been proposed that can perform rubble construction and leveling work without relying on divers, but all of them have various problems and have not yet been put into practical use. I haven't reached it yet. This is because the rubble leveling vessels that have been proposed so far do not have sufficient functions as a dedicated leveling vessel and cannot be operated efficiently, such as chutes and rudders for dropping rubble onto the hull. Since the chute and rudder of the rubble leveling boat equipped with 5 are inclined, the angle of inclination of the chute and rudder is different in shallow and deep water, and the angle of inclination of the chute and rudder is different in shallow and deep water. This makes construction difficult because the slope becomes gentler and the rubble is difficult to fall, so depending on the depth of the water the chute and ladder need to be replaced, resulting in poor work efficiency and uneconomical work. In addition, when dropping stones, the load of rubble is applied to the chute and rudder, so the strength of the chute and rudder must be increased, but in order to increase the strength of the chute and rudder, it is necessary to strengthen the trunnion, gantry, hull, etc. There are drawbacks such as having to make the hull larger than necessary, and the chute and rudder are equipped with wire lobes, which can be manipulated to change the angle of inclination. However, it is difficult to finely adjust the inclination angle according to changes in water depth by only operating the wire lobe, and in order to manage the top surface of the mount, it is necessary to keep the length of the wire lobe aligned with the position of the water depth setting on the top surface. This resulted in various drawbacks, such as the inability to handle minute corrections due to changes in tide level, etc. The present invention eliminates such drawbacks and provides a rubble leveling boat capable of mechanically, accurately, quickly and efficiently carrying out the work of dumping rubble into water and leveling the basic level of rubble by operating from the water. It is something.

More specifically, the present invention has at least one retractable chute vertically installed in the center of the box-shaped hull, which has a structure that can sufficiently handle large and small water depths, and a lower part of the chute that can accommodate minute changes in depth. A leveling opening that can be leveled is installed, and the front side of the leveling opening is longer than the rear side in the direction of movement, and the angle between the line connecting the lower end of the rear side and the lower end of the front side and the horizontal line is The lower end is cut off so that the angle of repose is approximately equal to the angle of repose, and the side surface in the direction of travel is at the same height as the rear surface! This article concerns a rubble leveling boat that is characterized by the following.

Hereinafter, five rubble leveling vessels according to the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

The drawings show one embodiment of the rubble leveling boat according to the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing the working state, Fig. 2 is a plan view, Fig. 3 is a front view, and Fig. 3 is a front view. FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view of the lower part of the chute, and FIGS. 5A, b, and c are explanatory diagrams showing the relationship between the internal friction angle of stones and shear resistance.

4. In the drawing, 1 is a box-shaped hull, 2 is an opening provided in the center of the box-shaped hull 1, and 3 is at least one chute vertically attached to the opening 2 facing downward; This chute 3 is extendably suspended by a wire lobe, and has a structure that can cope with large and small water depths. They are connected to each other, and by operating the winch 7, the top surface can be set at a predetermined water depth. 6 is a hopper attached to the upper end of the chute 3; 7 and 8 are ship maneuvering winches attached to the box-shaped hull 1 and moving the box-shaped hull via wire lobes;
9 is a leveling opening attached to the lower part of shoe 9 3, and this leveling opening 9 has a front surface longer in the direction of travel than the rear surface, and a line connecting the lower end of the rear surface and the lower end of the front surface and the horizontal line. The angle formed by the stone is approximately equal to the angle of repose of the stone, and the lower end is cut 7 so that the side surface in the advancing direction is at the same height as the rear surface.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a hydraulic cylinder attached to the leveling opening 9, and this hydraulic cylinder 10 is used to adapt the height of the leveling opening 9 to minute changes in depth caused by changes in the tide level, etc. Yes, this hydraulic cylinder 1
0 is connected to a measuring device 11 such as a tide gauge or a depth gauge, and is configured to operate automatically or manually in response to changes in the tide level.

Although the figures show a hydraulic cylinder 10 as a means for adjusting the height of the leveling opening 9, other mechanical means may be used. 12 is a cockpit and a worker's living room.

The operation of placing rubble into water and leveling the rubble using the rubble leveling boat according to the present invention having such a structure will be explained. First, the box-shaped hull 1 is towed to a predetermined location where rubble is to be removed, and then the box-shaped hull 1 is made movable using the maneuvering winches 7 and 8, and then the length of the telescopic chute 3 is adjusted by operating the winch 5. Then, the position of the leveling opening 9 attached to the lower part is set so that the position of the lower end of the rear surface in the traveling direction becomes the top surface of the mount.

Next, rubble carried by a cutting ship or the like is vertically dropped in a chute 3 through a hopper 6 to form a top surface, while the box-shaped hull 1 is moved by docking winches 7 and 8. A leveling opening 9 as shown in Fig. 4 is attached to the lower part of the chute 3, and the front side of the leveling opening 9 in the direction of movement is longer than the rear side, so that leveling work can be performed on the rear side. The angle between the line connecting the lower end of the rear surface and the lower end of the front surface and the horizontal line is approximately equal to 45, which is the angle of repose of the stone, and the lower end is cut so that the side surface in the direction of travel is at the same height as the rear surface. Therefore, the leveling work can be performed with almost no horizontal load being applied to the chute 3 and the leveling opening 9 during the leveling work. That is, as shown in Fig. 5, it is assumed that the internal friction angle of the stone is φ (φ is approximately 45 mm), the vertical and straight stone loads are P and the stone is sheared horizontally, and the shear resistance is S, α
Then, the shear resistance S of the stone is S=Ptan(φ-α)
Since the shear plane angle of the stone is horizontal (α=O
), then S=Ptanφ as shown in FIG. 5a, and as the shear plane angle of the stone approaches the internal friction angle of the stone, φ−α becomes smaller and the shear resistance S becomes smaller as shown in FIG. 5b.
Further, when the shear plane angle α and the internal friction angle φ are almost equal, the shear resistance S becomes almost O as shown in FIG. 5c. Since the structure of the leveling opening 9 is such that the shear plane angle α and the internal friction angle φ are approximately equal, the indexing force T required for leveling in FIG. 4 is extremely small. Leveling work can be done easily.
Also, since the lower end of the side surface in the direction of travel is cut off at the same height as the rear surface, the rubble that comes out from the lower end of the side surface is as shown in Figure 3.
The state is approximately equal to the angle of repose of 45, and the stacks remain stable. In this way, in the rubble leveling boat according to the present invention, since the rubble falls vertically within the chute 3, almost no bending stress is generated by the rubble in the chute 3, and only the silo-like soil pressure from the stones acts. Moreover, the leveling work can be easily performed with the indexing force T required for leveling the rubble stones being extremely small.

In addition, during the rubble and leveling work, the tide level and depth are constantly measured using a measuring device 11, etc., and the hydraulic cylinder 10 or other mechanical means is automatically or manually operated to detect changes in the leveling opening. Since it has a structure in which 9 is raised and lowered, the top surface of the rubble can be maintained uniformly at a set height.

As described in detail above, the rubble leveling boat according to the present invention has at least one retractable chute 3 with the leveling opening 9 attached to the lower end attached to the center part of the box-shaped hull 1. However, the structure allows the position of the opening 9 to be adjusted according to the water depth, and since the chute 3 is installed vertically downward, even if rubble falls into the chute 3, almost no debris will fall into the chute 3. No bending pressure is generated, only the silo-like soil pressure is applied, and it is lighter than conventional slanted chutes, so the number of structural members can be saved, and the weight of the stones in chute 3 is reduced by Since it is supported by the rubble, the size of the hull can be reduced by the amount corresponding to its weight, and the leveling opening 9 is structured so that the pulling force required to level the rubble is extremely small. hull,
It has various excellent advantages such as being economical because the structure of machines etc. can be manufactured easily and lightweight.
It has a structure that automatically or manually moves up and down to maintain the top surface in a predetermined position in response to changes in the tide level, etc., so it has the excellent advantage of being able to finish the leveled surface accurately and quickly. It has great industrial value.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the rubble leveling boat according to the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing the working state, Fig. 2 is a plan view, Fig. 3 is a front view, and Fig. 4. 5 is an enlarged side view of the lower part of the chute, and FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C are explanatory diagrams showing the relationship between the internal friction angle of the stone and the shear resistance. 1... Box-shaped hull, 2... Opening, 3.
...Chute, 4...Gantry, 5.
...Winch, 6...Hopper, 7,8...
...Ship operation winch, 9... Leveling opening,
10... Hydraulic cylinder, 11... 5 measuring instruments, 12... Control room and worker's living room,
φ...Internal friction angle, α...Shear plane angle,
P: Vertical stone load, T: Indexing force required for leveling work, S: Shearing resistance.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 At least one telescopic chute 3 having a structure that can sufficiently cope with large and small water depths is vertically attached to the center of the box-shaped hull 1, and the lower part of the chute 3 has a microscopic water depth. A leveling opening 9 that can adapt to changes is installed, and the front side of the leveling opening 9 in the direction of travel is longer than the rear side, and the angle between the horizontal line and the line connecting the lower end of the rear side and the lower end of the front side is installed. A rubble leveling boat characterized in that the angle of repose of the stone is approximately equal to the angle of repose of the stones, and the lower end of the side surface in the direction of travel is cut off at the same height as the rear surface. 2. The rubble leveling boat according to claim 1, wherein the expansion and contraction mechanism of the chute 3 is a suspension system using a wire rope. 3. The rubble leveling boat according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the angle between the horizontal line and the line connecting the lower end of the rear surface in the traveling direction of the leveling opening 9 and the lower end of the front surface is approximately 45 degrees. . 4 Leveling opening 9 is connected to hydraulic cylinder 10 and measuring instrument 11
A rubble leveling boat according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is automatically adapted to minute changes in depth.