JPS6051403B2 - Wood chips and bark crusher - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a crusher for wood chips and bark.

With the recent effective use of resources, crushed wood chips and bark (pulverized products) are being used more and more as a heat source, as a moisture control material for livestock and poultry waste, and as raw materials for compost.
There is a tendency for the demand for it to increase rapidly.

However, with conventional crushers, it was possible to crush items that were easy to crush, such as those with low moisture content and weak fibers; In particular, dense, fibrous, strong and long bark such as cedar, cypress, lauan, or northern wood bark, or with a water content of 60% (
WB) When trying to crush wood bark containing more than 10% of the total amount, conventional crushers that use screens to adjust the particle size often clog the screen, making it impossible to crush and requiring frequent operation. Grinding work was carried out either by stopping the machine and removing the clogged screen, or by removing the screen.

Therefore, efficient and rational continuous grinding of wood chips and bark was not possible, and the finished products had irregular particle sizes, making it difficult to obtain high quality products. The present invention solves these problems with conventional crushers, and provides a crusher that has a compact structure, does not cause clogging, and efficiently produces high-quality crushed products with uniform particle size. The purpose is to

The details will be explained below based on the drawings of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of an embodiment of the crusher of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a front view of the same, Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Figure 2,
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the hammer, Fig. 5 is a top view seen from arrow D in Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 is a view of the crushed wood chips and bark used as raw materials for the machine of the present invention. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a crushed wood bark/wood product manufactured by the machine of the present invention. The wood chips and bark crusher of the present invention is generally referred to as a horizontal type (broadly including an oblique horizontal type), and as the rotor 20 rotates, the object M is crushed by the hammers 26... When being hit in this direction, a thrust force Fs is also applied in the longitudinal direction of the crushing chamber, and the crushing chamber is crushed while moving in a spiral shape, but in this embodiment, the rotor shaft 21 is supported horizontally. Horizontal horizontal type hammer 26...
The blade is pivoted to the rotor 20 by a pin 25 and has a straight fixed blade.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a crushing apparatus of the present invention, which receives a material M to be crushed such as wood chips or bark as shown in FIG. As the rotor 20, which is coaxially rotatably supported, rotates, a plurality of hammers 26 are caused to protrude in the radial direction of the outer periphery at appropriate intervals in the axial direction due to centrifugal force. A plurality of fixed blades 30 appear and are circumferentially spaced apart from the top surface 265 of the hammer 26 and the inner peripheral wall of the crushing chamber 10 with a gap C therebetween.
The material to be crushed M is crushed between the hammer 2 and the fibrous material M is crushed to 10 TI0n or less as shown in FIG. 7 through the discharge port 12.
The front surface 264a of at least the tip of the rotor 20 along the axial direction of the rotor 20 in the rotational direction is inclined toward the discharge port 12 at a forward inclination angle θ. A thrust force Fs is applied to the material to be crushed M from the input side to the discharge side according to the rotation of the grinder 20.

The grinding chamber 10 has a cylindrical shape, and is formed by an upper chamber 10a and a lower chamber 10b, which are divided into upper and lower halves by the mating surface of the upper and lower mating flanges 18 and 19, which corresponds to the central horizontal plane. A hopper-shaped input port 11 is provided at the top of one end of the chamber 10a, and a discharge port 12 is provided at the bottom of the lower chamber 10b at a position diagonal to the input port 11. This discharge port 12 is provided with a plurality of blocks 12a, 12a, 12b, etc., which can be moved to an appropriate position in order to discharge from the middle of the pulverizing chamber 10 the granular material m that quickly becomes the desired size depending on the type of the material M to be pulverized. Adjusted by...
Further, the upper chamber 10a is divided over its entire length into two parts 101a and 102a by vertical partition flanges 15 and 16 in the longitudinal direction perpendicular to the upper and lower matching flanges 18 and 19, of which the inlet 11 is attached. The part 101a that is not
The structure is such that hinges 17 attached to the long side ends of the upper and lower matching flanges 18 and 19 can be used to open the opening after removing the connecting bolts of the flange portions. The lower chamber 10b is supported within the pedestal 10c via a lower flange 19. The rotor 20 includes a rotor shaft 21 rotatably supported by bearings 14, 14 disposed on both outer sides of the grinding chamber 10.
and relatively thick disks 22, 22 at both ends fixed to the shaft 21 via a key so as to be perpendicular to the axis line, intermediate disks 23, 23 of medium thickness, and a relatively thin partition disk 24. and 8 which are inserted between each of these discs 22, 23, 24, etc. at equal pitches (45 pitches) in the circumferential direction at their peripheral edges parallel to the shaft 21. book pin 2
The hammer 26 is pivotally mounted by the hammers 5 and 5.

These disks 22, 23, 24... are arranged in the third order.
As shown in the figure, relatively thick disks 22, 22 are placed on both outermost parts, and three to four relatively thin disks 24 are placed one after another at intervals slightly wider than the width of the hammer 26. are arranged, and then medium-thickness disks 23, 23 are arranged at the same interval,
Four thin disks 24 are placed between these medium-thickness disks 23, 23.
... are arranged at the same intervals as above. Between each of the disks 22, 23, 24 arranged in this way, the hammer 26... is rotatably supported around the pin 25. Eight hammers 26 are pivotally mounted on the peripheral edge of the disk at a pitch of 45 circles. As shown in FIG. 4, the hammer 26 has a boss portion 262 having a shaft hole 261 that is rotatably inserted into the pin 25.
and a stem portion 263 that connects the head portion 264 from the boss portion 262, and a front surface 264a of the head portion 264 in the rotational direction and a front surface 263a of the stem portion 26 No. 3 are inclined forward toward the discharge port 12. It is tilted at an angle θ.
Therefore, the direction of the oblique angle θ is such that when the rotor 20 is assembled into the rotor 20, the rotor 20 rotates and the centrifugal force causes the hammers 26 to move radially around the outer circumference of the rotor, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. The discharge port 1 expands and protrudes from the outlet 1 while pulverizing the object M
Apply thrust Fs toward the 2nd side, complete rotation direction (arrow A)
The angles θ are aligned in the same direction according to the angles θ. rear side 2
64b also has an oblique angle θ parallel to the front surface 264a and is used when the front surface is worn out. While the hammer 26 is stopped, it hangs downward due to its own weight, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. The inner peripheral wall of the crushing chamber 10 is provided with an input port 11, a discharge port 12, and upper and lower matching flanges 18, 19.
Straight fixed blade 31 with a pitch of approximately 45 mm, excluding the part.
is fixed to the top surface 265 of the head of the hammer 26 in the longitudinal direction so as to form a gap C during rotation. Since the blade 30 closest to the input port 11 is particularly subject to severe wear, it is made into a sliding blade 32 that is held movable inward and outward directions by turning bolts 39. Further, ring-shaped weir plates 13, 13, which are divided into upper and lower halves, are fixed to the inner wall surface in the circumferential direction at positions corresponding to the intermediate disks 23, 23 of the rotor 20, and these intermediate disks 23 , 23, forming a relatively large gap B. As described above, the crushing chamber 10 has a structure in which it is divided into upper and lower parts, and a part 101a of the upper chamber 10a can be opened over the entire length, so that replacement and adjustment of these weir plates 13, 13 can be easily carried out. In addition, it is also possible to inspect and replace the fixed blade 31 and hammer 26. The rotor 20 rotates in the direction shown by arrow A (circumferential speed approximately 50 to 60 TL/SeC) by driving by a motor etc.
Then, the hammers 26 radially expand and stand up due to the centrifugal force from the state shown by the dotted line to the state shown by the dotted line in FIG. The blade is struck against the sliding blade 32 and the fixed blade 31, and is sheared and crushed in the gap C. Since the hammers 26 are erected radially due to centrifugal force, even if a foreign object such as a stone that is larger than the gap C gets mixed in, the hammers 26 will not close the pins 25.
It is possible to prevent accidents caused by foreign objects that may escape around the rotation direction in the opposite direction. As mentioned above, the hammer 26.
. . . represents the front surface 26 of the head portion 264 in the rotational direction.
4a has an oblique angle of 0 in an appropriate direction, so that the impact force F acting on the object to be crushed M by the head portion 264 has a force component Ft in the tangential direction of the rotating circle, as shown in FIG. It also has a force component Fs in the direction of the axis of rotation, generating a thrust toward the discharge port 12 side. Therefore, the object to be crushed M moves in the crushing chamber 10 in a spiral shape as a whole, and the transfer process can be made longer. Until it is discharged from the discharge port 12 as a crushed product m of a desired size, it is blocked by a weir plate 13 and repeatedly subjected to crushing and crushing action by hammers 26 . The degree to which this repeated crushing action is applied is done by adjusting the size of the gap B, and as the proportion of wood bark containing dense and long fibers and high moisture content increases compared to wood chips with a large amount of wood, this gap becomes smaller. Make B smaller and hammer 2
The bevel angle θ of 6 is also adjusted to be smaller, and the gap C between the blade 30 and the hammer 26 is also adjusted to be smaller. Further, the discharge port 12 is also set at the farthest position from the input port 11. Hammer 26
If the front surface of the stem portion 263 in the rotational direction is also provided with a flattening in the same direction as the oblique angle θ, it will function as a fan and the discharge port 12
Induces a wind blowing in the direction. In addition to those in which the stem portion 263 is constricted relative to the head portion 264 as in this embodiment,
It is clear that the present invention is also applicable to the hammer 26 having a barrel type in which the stem portion 263 has the same thickness as the head portion 264, and the hammer 26 having a straight shape without an oblique angle θ.
The present invention also includes a device in which the fixed blade 30... is inclined with a forward inclination angle, and a device in which both the hammer 26... and the fixed blade 30... are provided with oblique angles θ and θ''. As described above, according to the pulverizer of the present invention, the material to be pulverized M such as wood chips and bark is placed on the front surface 26 in the direction of rotation.
Since the blade 30 and a large number of hammers 26 having oblique angles θ tilted forward toward the discharge port 12 side of the 4a impact and crush the blade 30, a thrust force Fs is also applied in the axial direction, and the crushing chamber 10 as a whole is Because it moves over a long distance in a spiral shape,
Despite its compact structure, crushing and crushing performance is high, and the degree of oblique angle θ can be selected according to the type of material M to be crushed, moisture content, fiber length, etc., and in the past, operation was interrupted due to clogging. It is possible to omit the screen that causes the problem, and it becomes possible to efficiently produce a good pulverized product m with uniform particle size.

In addition, by providing an appropriate number of weir plates 13 in the crushing chamber 10, it becomes easier to adjust the particle size (including the fiber cutting length) of the granular material m, which is extremely useful.゛

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the crusher of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view thereof, Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the same hammer. 5 is a top view seen from arrow D in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the object to be crushed, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the crushed product. Explanation of symbols, 1... Wood chips and bark crushing device, 1
0...Crushing chamber, 11...Input port, 12
...Discharge port, 13...Weir plate, 20...
...Rotor, 26...Hammer, M...
...To be crushed, m...Crushed product, θ...
・Oblique angle.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An input port 11 for a material to be crushed M such as wood chips or bark, and the input port 1
A rotor 20 is rotatably supported coaxially within a cylindrical or polygonal columnar crushing chamber 10 provided with an outlet 12 for the crushed material m at one lateral position. When the rotor 20 rotates, a plurality of hammers 26 . . . supported by pins 25 . A plurality of hammers 26 are fixed to the rotor 20 so as to appear or protrude in the radial direction of the outer circumference of the rotor 20, and are spaced appropriately from the top surface 265 of the hammers 26 with a gap C. In the pulverizer, the object to be pulverized M is pulverized between a plurality of fixed blades 30 spaced apart in the circumferential direction on the inner circumferential wall of the pulverizing chamber 10, each of the hammers 2
6... Are the front surfaces of the tip portion 264 and/or the stem portion 263 along the axial direction of the rotor 20 in the rotational direction inclined at a forward inclination angle θ toward the discharge port 12?
and/or the surface of each of the fixed blades 30 facing the front surface of the hammer is also tilted at a forward inclination angle toward the discharge port 12, thereby preventing rotation of the rotor 20. Therefore, the material to be crushed M is transferred from the input port 11 side to the discharge port 12.
A crusher for wood chips and bark that is characterized by applying a thrust force Fs to the side. 2. The grinding chamber 10 has an appropriate number of weir plates 13 removably disposed between the input port 11 and the discharge port 12 on the inner periphery thereof. Crusher.