JPS6051564B2 - Spinning equipment for hollow multilayer composite fibers - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a spinning device for composite fibers, particularly a spinning device for hollow multilayered composite fibers, in which two or more types of polymer components are laminated in alternating multilayers to form an annular or polygonal hollow space. The present invention relates to a composite spinning device which can extremely efficiently and stably obtain composite spun fibers having a fiber cross section forming a section, and which has a very simple structure.

Hollow multi-layered composite fibers can be made into ultra-fine fibers through mechanical or chemical processing, so they are being actively used in the field of artificial leather, which has made remarkable progress in recent years, especially as textile fibers, and are being highly evaluated. It is becoming very high.
Along with this, various proposals have been made regarding spinning devices for producing hollow multilayer composite fibers. Examples include JP-A-48-4709 and JP-B-Sho 52-25451, which are believed to provide hollow multilayer composite fibers.

However, what determines the number of layers in a multilayer structure is the number of layer-forming pores corresponding to the number of layers. In order to achieve a denier order of 1 denier, it is necessary to use a device with a large number of layers, that is, a device with a large number of layer-forming pores. Moreover, since these pores are arranged corresponding to the slit-shaped spinning holes, the space per spinning hole is extremely large compared to ordinary single spinnerets as well as various composite spinnerets. It is difficult to increase the number of holes, and a decrease in productivity is unavoidable. Furthermore, since the spinning device has a complicated structure and requires extremely advanced technology to manufacture, it is inevitable that the spinning device will be extremely expensive. The present invention was made in view of the inconveniences found in conventional spinning devices for hollow multilayer composite fibers, and its purpose is to provide a material suitable for suede-like nonwoven fabrics and knitted fabrics. This spinning machine produces hollow multi-layered composite fibers that can be made into ultra-fine fibers on the order of 1 denier of 1 to 10 particles.It has a simple structure and can be manufactured at a low cost.In addition, it is easy to use multiple holes in the nozzle, resulting in high productivity. The objective is to provide a device that can ensure safety.

That is, the spinning device of the present invention is a spinning device for hollow multi-layered composite fibers, in which three or more groove-shaped polymer inlets and outlets are bored in parallel to each other on the upper and lower surfaces, and An A plate in which the corresponding grooves on the lower surface are connected by a large number of communication holes that communicate the grooves, a recess on the upper surface that receives the polymer flow from the A plate, and a large number of polymer inflow holes in the center of the recess, The hole row consisting of the holes is A
A plate B having nozzle orifices parallel to the length direction of the grooves of the plate and having elongated slits formed in the shape of an annular or polygonal closed curve at the outlet portions of the holes. be.

Next, an example of the spinning apparatus of the present invention and the flow of polymer in that case, that is, an example of hollow multilayer composite construction will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of plate A according to the present invention as seen from the outlet side, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of plate A according to the present invention.
This is a cross-sectional view taken along a line.

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 are A
These are annular polymer outflow ports that are concentrically (parallel to each other) drilled in the plate.
,5″,6″,7″,8″,9″,1″,1″ is L2,
These are polymer inlets corresponding to 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, and this figure shows a case where 11 groove-shaped outlets are bored.

Three or more inlets may be provided, but they can be arbitrarily set depending on the number of multilayers. The annular outlet and inlet have pores 1″ and 2 connecting them, respectively.
'', .... Figure 3 is a plan view of plate B, Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B'' in Figure 3, and Figure 5 is a plan view of plate B. A nozzle orifice is formed by a plurality of elongated slits formed in an annular shape at the outlet of the pore. Reference numeral 12 denotes a B-plate recess, and its shape is not limited to that shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

Reference numerals 13 and 14 are inlet holes drilled in the recessed portions of plate B so that the hole rows coincide with the direction of the circumference formed by the grooved outlet of plate A, and in this case, the holes have the same structure as 13 and 14. 24 inflow holes
Each hole is perforated.

13'' and 14'' are nozzle orifices formed by a plurality of elongated slits at the exit portions of the inflow holes (pores) corresponding to 13 and 14, and their shapes are as shown in Figure 5. The shape is not limited to a circular ring, but may be a square ring (Fig. 6), a rectangular ring (Fig. 7), a triangular ring (Fig. 8), or any other shape along a closed curve.

In these drawings, many parts having the same structure and symmetrical parts are omitted to the extent that it does not impair the explanation. Next, A
, b, two component polymers flow through the apparatus of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 and form a hollow multilayer composite.

The two polymer flows of component a and component b, which are metered by separate gear pumps, are distributed at 1″, 2″, 3″, 4′, 5″, and 6 of plate A.
″, 7″, 8″, 9″, 1″, 1″ enter the polymer inlet holes next to each other, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
, 10 and 11 are extruded from the polymer outlet having an annular groove concentrically bored into the concave part of the B plate, and the a component and the b component are side by side with 6 layers of the a component and 5 layers of the b component, respectively.
That is, it enters as a multilayer composite flow of A and bll layers.

The 11-layer multilayer composite polymer flow that entered the B plate recess 12 in FIG. B is supplied to the polymer inlet hole of the plate and flows through the pores as shown in FIG.
It is guided to the outlet of the plate pore. Here, the 11-layer composite polymer flow flows through 24 polymers while maintaining the 11-layer composite state.
One layer of laminate composite polymer is divided into rivulets. Continuing,
The 11-layer laminated composite polymer trickle flows through two of the pore exits of the B plate.
The multilayer composite polymer stream is ejected through a nozzle orifice circularly bored by two long thin slits. At this time, the multilayer composite polymer stream is divided by two long thin slits. The 11-layer laminated composite polymer fine stream with the same cross-sectional shape is discharged as shown in Figure 9, and at the same time, the two 11-layer laminated composite polymer fine streams each have a balloon at the end in the length direction of the slit. They expand and approach each other due to this phenomenon, and join together to form a hollow part in the center. In this joining, both end layers of the two 11-layer composite polymer microflows join together. As a result, The hollow multilayer composite polymer flow obtained is as shown in Figure 10.
It has a multilayer structure with 0 layers. Therefore, the obtained fiber becomes a hollow 20-layer composite fiber. Exactly the same thing is done equally for all nozzle orifices, in this case 24 holes. Since the hollow multilayer composite in the device of the present invention proceeds as described above, the number of multilayers is as follows, where n is the number of annular groove-shaped polymer outlets drilled concentrically in plate A. It is thought that all nozzle orifices can be controlled simultaneously in accordance with the relationship in Nod-2, and this is actually the case.

The number n can be arbitrarily selected from the hollow multilayered composite structure of fibers to be obtained, and can be set completely independently of the number of holes in the nozzle orifice, which is the advantage of the present invention. This is one of the outstanding features of this device. This is because, in order to increase the productivity of spinning equipment,
It is necessary to increase the number of nozzle orifices, but in that case,
This is because by simply increasing the number of nozzle orifices, other parts of the composite device can be implemented without any need for modification or change. The device is therefore very simple and compact and can be integrated into the spinning head in a small space while at the same time ensuring a sufficiently high productivity. On the other hand, in the spinnerets for hollow multilayer composite fibers proposed in JP-A-48-4709 and JP-B-52-25451, when changing the number of hollow multilayers, especially when increasing the number of layers, the nozzle Is it necessary to manufacture guide holes (group of layer forming pores) for component liquids for all orifices in proportion to the increase in the number of layers?

This immediately complicates the device and increases manufacturing costs and maintenance costs. Furthermore, even if an attempt is made to increase the number of nozzle orifices in order to increase productivity per device, the result will be obvious. Obviously, in that case, it is not possible to simply increase the number of nozzle orifices; it is necessary to create pores for layer formation that correspond to all of those nozzle orifices, which also increases the size and complexity of the equipment. It is difficult to avoid the increase in production costs due to changes in production costs, and it is easy to increase productivity. It is not something that can be expected. The fact that the fiber obtained by the apparatus of the present invention has a hollow part means that it can have a larger number of laminated layers than a simple hollow multilayer composite fiber that does not have a hollow part, and is superior in this respect. It can be said that it has characteristics.

For example, a fiber with one hollow part as shown in Fig. 10 can have about twice the number of layers as one without a hollow part as shown in Fig. 11, and if both are made of fibers of the same fineness. If the ultrafine fibers can be made completely fine by mechanical or chemical treatment later, the fineness of the resulting ultrafine fibers with one hollow portion can be about 112. That is, it is possible to make the fineness even finer, and it is convenient for obtaining a fineness of 1 denier order of 1 to 10 powders, which is preferable as a raw material fiber for suede-like nonwoven fabrics and knitted fabrics. For the same reason, the shape of the nozzle orifice created by the elongated slit of plate B of the device of the present invention is, for example, a figure 8 shape for hollow multilayer composite fibers having two hollow portions as shown in Fig. 12. This can be achieved by arranging two annular slits parallel to the direction of the groove at the outlet of the A plate. This multi-layer composite fiber having two hollow parts can have about three times as many layers as a simple multi-layer composite fiber. In the device of the present invention, plate A has at least three groove-shaped polymer inlets and outlets.
More than one is required.

This is because in the case of two, only two layers of side-by-side hollow composite fibers are obtained when the polymer stream passes through the apparatus of the invention. The present invention is to form a multilayer composite polymer flow of three or more layers and guide it through a long and thin slit to a closed annular or polygonal curved nozzle orifice to extremely efficiently obtain hollow multilayer composite fibers. The present inventors have already published JP-A-50-36717, JP-A-50-6450 and JP-A-50-7190g. Special request in 1920
9-98592, Patent application 1972-64735, Patent application 1977
-132251, Japanese Patent Application No. 147661, etc., the technology of extremely stably and accurately joining two or more types of polymer flows into a multilayer laminated structure of three or more layers in one step, which forms the basis of the mixed spinning method and device. The invention was completed based on the valuable experience of researching ideas, conducting various improvement studies, and implementing operational implementation.The invention was completed by introducing a simple side-by-side bonded polymer flow into a closed annular curved nozzle orifice made with a slit. This cannot be easily conceived from a simple composite spinning apparatus such as that proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-39091. According to the spinneret for hollow multi-layered conjugate fibers of the present invention, conjugate fibers having a cross-sectional structure in which two or more types of polymer components are laminated in alternating multilayers and have one or multiple hollow portions can be accurately produced. Moreover, the number of layers in the multilayer structure can be easily changed, and the number of nozzle orifices can be increased completely independently of the multilayer structure. Because it is possible to use multiple holes in the nozzle without increasing the complexity or size of the system, sufficiently high productivity can be ensured.Moreover, the equipment has excellent features such as low production costs and easy maintenance. It is something that you have.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an example of plate A according to the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Three or more groove-shaped polymer inlets and outlets are bored in parallel to each other on each of the upper and lower surfaces, and the grooves corresponding to the upper and lower surfaces are connected by a number of communication holes that communicate the grooves. The A plate has a recess on the upper surface that receives the polymer flow from the A plate, and has a large number of polymer inflow holes in the center of the recess, and the hole row consisting of the holes is parallel to the length direction of the groove of the A plate. and a B plate having a nozzle orifice formed in an annular or polygonal closed curve shape by a plurality of elongated slits at the exit portions of the holes. spinning equipment.