JPS6052544B2 - Electrodes for fuel cells - Google Patents
Electrodes for fuel cellsInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6052544B2 JPS6052544B2 JP55048021A JP4802180A JPS6052544B2 JP S6052544 B2 JPS6052544 B2 JP S6052544B2 JP 55048021 A JP55048021 A JP 55048021A JP 4802180 A JP4802180 A JP 4802180A JP S6052544 B2 JPS6052544 B2 JP S6052544B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- electrodes
- fuel cells
- present
- activated carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WHRZCXAVMTUTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)N=C2OC=CC2=C1 WHRZCXAVMTUTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006173 Larrea tridentata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000073231 Larrea tridentata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282320 Panthera leo Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002126 creosote Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/96—Carbon-based electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、燃料電池においてガス拡散電極として使用さ
れる多孔性炭素電極に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to porous carbon electrodes used as gas diffusion electrodes in fuel cells.
この種電極におては、触媒担体として活性炭が多く用い
られている。In this type of electrode, activated carbon is often used as a catalyst carrier.
それは、活性炭が大きな比表面積を持ち、しかも良好な
導電性を示すからである。しカルながら、活性炭を触媒
担体とした電極には、次のような欠点があることが解つ
た。This is because activated carbon has a large specific surface area and exhibits good electrical conductivity. However, it has been found that electrodes using activated carbon as a catalyst carrier have the following drawbacks.
即ち、アルカリ電解液を用いた燃料電池において、高性
能化を図るため、高温（６０℃以上）、高電解液濃度（
５規定以上）の条件下で、酸素極として酸素雰囲気中で
運転すると活性炭が酸化した溶けだし、性能低下を引き
起こしてしまうのである。このような欠点を除くには担
体として活性炭に代えてカーボンブラックを使用するこ
とが考えられる。カーボンブラックは耐食性に優れ、苛
酷な条件下でも酸化されることがないからである。ただ
、例えばアセチレンブラックのような一般的なりーボン
ブラツクを使用したのでは、所期の電極特性が得られな
いことが解つた。それは、この種カーボンブラックの比
表面積が数十７７１’／ ｇないし百数十ｄ／ ｇ程度
と低いためである。本発明は、耐食性がよくてしかも電
極特性の優れる燃料電池用電極を提供しようとするもの
で、オイルを原料としたフアーネスブラツクのうち、そ
の粒子中に球状をなさない特異なシェル状の粒子を含む
多孔質な電導性カーボンブラックを触媒担体として使用
することを要旨とする。In other words, in order to improve the performance of fuel cells using alkaline electrolytes, high temperatures (60°C or higher) and high electrolyte concentrations (
If it is operated in an oxygen atmosphere as an oxygen electrode under the conditions of 5N or higher), the activated carbon will oxidize and dissolve, causing a decline in performance. In order to eliminate these drawbacks, it may be possible to use carbon black as a carrier instead of activated carbon. This is because carbon black has excellent corrosion resistance and does not oxidize even under severe conditions. However, it was found that the desired electrode characteristics could not be obtained by using a common ribbon black such as acetylene black. This is because the specific surface area of this type of carbon black is as low as several tens of seven hundred and seventy-one'/g to a hundred and several tens of d/g. The present invention aims to provide an electrode for fuel cells that has good corrosion resistance and excellent electrode properties.The present invention aims to provide an electrode for fuel cells that has good corrosion resistance and excellent electrode characteristics. The gist is to use porous conductive carbon black containing as a catalyst carrier.
このようなりーボンブラツクそれ自体は既に知られてい
るし、市販されてもいる。Such carbon blacks themselves are already known and are commercially available.
このカーボンブラックは、導電性が優れていることから
、帯電防止あるいは導電性付与を必要とする用途、例え
ばケーブル被覆カバー、面発熱体、プリント配線板、燃
料タンク、タイヤ、導電塗料等において利用されてきた
。本発明は、この種のカーボンブラックが、１０００ｄ
／ ｇあるいはそれ以上というような大きな比表面積を
有していることに着目し、燃料電池用電極への新しい利
用を提案するものである。Because this carbon black has excellent conductivity, it is used in applications that require antistatic or conductive properties, such as cable covers, surface heating elements, printed wiring boards, fuel tanks, tires, and conductive paints. It's here. In the present invention, this kind of carbon black has 1000 d
Focusing on the fact that it has a large specific surface area of /g or more, we propose a new use for fuel cell electrodes.
本発明において用いるフアーネスブラツクの原料として
利用されるオイルの代表例を挙げれば、クレオソート油
ならびにエチレンボトム油である。Typical examples of oils used as raw materials for the furnace black used in the present invention are creosote oil and ethylene bottom oil.
以下本発明を具体的な実施例について説明する。The present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples.
オイルを原料としたフアーネスブラツクでその粒子中に
球状をなさないシェル状の粒子を含む多孔質な電導性カ
ーボンブラツクとして市販されてりるもののうち、ライ
オン株式会社製の商品名１ケツチエンブラツクＥ．Ｃョ
を用い、このカーボンブラツク６ｇを超音波を利用して
水中に罪一に分散した。Among the furnace blacks made from oil that are commercially available as porous conductive carbon blacks containing shell-like particles that are not spherical, the product name is 1-Ketchen Black manufactured by Lion Corporation. E. 6 g of this carbon black was uniformly dispersed in water using ultrasonic waves.
ここに、硝酸銀Ｋｇの水溶液を添加し乾燥した後、水素
気流中において加熱した銀に還元した。このようにして
得られた粉末に、ポリ４弗化エチレン７ｇの水性デイス
パージヨンを加え、混練した後シート状に製膜し、金属
網と重ねて１０ｋ９／ａｌでホツトプレスすることで本
発明による電極（電極Ａとする）を作つた。比較のため
に、活性炭６ｇと、硝酸銀Ｋｇと、ポリ４弗化エチレン
９ｇとを用いて同様の手法で電極Ｂをそしてアセチレン
ブラツク１７ｇと、電極Ａ，Ｂと同量の硝酸銀ならびに
ポリ４弗化エチレンとを用いて電極Ｃをそれぞれ製作し
た。After adding an aqueous solution of Kg of silver nitrate and drying, the mixture was heated in a hydrogen stream and reduced to silver. To the powder thus obtained, 7 g of polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion was added, kneaded, formed into a sheet, overlapped with a metal net, and hot pressed at 10k9/al to produce the powder according to the present invention. An electrode (referred to as electrode A) was made. For comparison, electrode B was prepared in the same manner using 6 g of activated carbon, kg of silver nitrate, and 9 g of polytetrafluoroethylene. Electrode C was manufactured using ethylene.
なお粉末によつてその重量が異なるのは、各粉末の嵩密
度が異なるためで、完成した電極の単位面積当りの銀添
加量が三電極共同になるように配慮した訳である。これ
ら電極Ａ−Ｃの酸素極の分極特性の測定結果を図面に示
す。The reason why the weight differs depending on the powder is because the bulk density of each powder differs, and care was taken so that the amount of silver added per unit area of the completed electrode would be the same for all three electrodes. The measurement results of the polarization characteristics of the oxygen electrodes of these electrodes A to C are shown in the drawings.
本発明による電極Ａは、電極Ｃの特性をはるかにしのぎ
、活性炭を用いた電極Ｂと同等あるいはそれ以上の特性
を示すことが明らかである。また、本発明による電極Ａ
と、電極Ｂとを対象に、耐食性についての比較実験を行
つた結果、下記第１表に示すような結果が得られた。It is clear that electrode A according to the present invention far exceeds the properties of electrode C and exhibits properties equivalent to or better than electrode B using activated carbon. Moreover, electrode A according to the present invention
As a result of conducting a comparative experiment on corrosion resistance for electrode B and electrode B, the results shown in Table 1 below were obtained.
この実験は、電極の片面に酸素を接触させ、他面を６５
℃，７規定の苛性カリ水溶に浸した状態で５０Ｃ＠間経
過させ、その間の重量の減少率を求めるというものであ
る。第１表からも明らかなように、本発明による電極Ａ
は、活性炭を用いた電極Ｂと異なり、苛酷な条件の下に
おいても充分な耐食性を示す。In this experiment, one side of the electrode was brought into contact with oxygen, and the other side was
It is immersed in an aqueous solution of caustic potassium of 7N at 50°C for 50°C, and the weight reduction rate during that time is determined. As is clear from Table 1, electrode A according to the present invention
Unlike electrode B using activated carbon, this electrode shows sufficient corrosion resistance even under severe conditions.
この耐食性に加えて、先に説明したように本発明による
電極は優れた電極特性も併わせ持つているので、燃料電
池の高性能化に対して大きく貢献することができる。In addition to this corrosion resistance, the electrode according to the present invention also has excellent electrode properties as described above, and therefore can greatly contribute to improving the performance of fuel cells.
図面は、本発明による電極と、従来の電極との性能を比
較して示す線図である。The drawing is a diagram showing a comparison of the performance of the electrode according to the present invention and a conventional electrode.
Claims (1)
中に球状をなさないシェル状の粒子を含む多孔質な電導
性カーボンブラックを触媒担体として用い、これに触媒
を添加して得られる粉体から形成したことを特徴とする
燃料電池用電極。1. Furnace black made from oil, porous electrically conductive carbon black containing non-spherical shell-like particles is used as a catalyst carrier, and a catalyst is added to the powder. A fuel cell electrode characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55048021A JPS6052544B2 (en) | 1980-04-14 | 1980-04-14 | Electrodes for fuel cells |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55048021A JPS6052544B2 (en) | 1980-04-14 | 1980-04-14 | Electrodes for fuel cells |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS56145673A JPS56145673A (en) | 1981-11-12 |
| JPS6052544B2 true JPS6052544B2 (en) | 1985-11-20 |
Family
ID=12791651
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55048021A Expired JPS6052544B2 (en) | 1980-04-14 | 1980-04-14 | Electrodes for fuel cells |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6052544B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0711962B2 (en) * | 1986-04-22 | 1995-02-08 | 長一 古屋 | Method for manufacturing gas diffusion electrode |
-
1980
- 1980-04-14 JP JP55048021A patent/JPS6052544B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS56145673A (en) | 1981-11-12 |
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