JPS6052850B2 - Filtration device and filtration method using the filtration device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to improve the efficiency of the filtration and washing processes and reduce the amount of waste discharged from the filtration device as much as possible by configuring a semi-closed system. The main idea is to stockpile filtered water, use it as a washing liquid, press-filtrate the discharged washing sewage, and return the filtered water to the liquid to be treated that is passed through the filtration device. It is.

The present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes a sealable container equipped with a lid 1A, which is placed on a machine frame 2.

Inside the container 1, there are an air vent hole 3, a washing sewage discharge pipe 4, and a stock solution tank 4.
A liquid injection pipe 6 equipped with a pump 5 communicates with A. 7
is a rotating shaft that is hollow and has an inner hole 8A1 and an outer hole 8B,
It is laterally supported within the container 1 by bearings 9 and 10 that seal the container 1 and prevent mixing of the liquid to be treated and the filtrate.

A plurality of filter media 7A in the form of hollow beads are attached to the rotating shaft 7, and are covered with the outer cylinder 11 at the part extending from the container 1. The filtering material 7A may have a structure in which a filter material in the shape of a hollow Soroban bead is covered with a filter cloth, or a structure in which a porous hard material itself is formed in the shape of a hollow Soroban bead. A filtrate storage tank 13 is installed directly above the container 1 via leg portions 13A, and the filtrate storage tank 13 has a gap 1 between the rotating shaft 7 and the outer cylinder 11.
2 via valve 13″B.
1 and the filtrate discharge pipe 13B through a valve 13''C, and the cleaning liquid conveyance pipe 13C is further connected to a discharge pipe 13D through a valve 13''D. Further, the end of the outer cylinder 11 is sealed by a mechanical seal 14. The root end of the rotating shaft 7 is supported by a bearing 15, and is further supported by a pulley 1.
6 is fixed, and the pulley 16 communicates via a belt 17 to a drive 18. In addition to the above device, for example, the filtrate discharge path and the washing liquid path may be separate from the rotating shaft. One or more of the above-mentioned filters are arranged in parallel, and the washing waste liquid discharge pipe 4 of the container 1 of the filter is connected to the liquid storage tank 4B.

The liquid storage tank 4B is further equipped with a liquid feeding pump 21 and a compression filtration device 22.
It is connected to the stock solution tank 4A via a return pipe 23. Fifth
In the press filtration apparatus shown in FIGS. 9 to 9, a container 31 and a container 32 are pivotally connected to each other by a receiving ring 33 and a pivot 34 passing through the receiving ring 33a. Ru.

Reference numeral 35 denotes a spacing plate, which is similarly pivotally connected to the pivot 34 through a hole 37 in a support frame 36 on the upper edge and a receiving ring 38 on the lower edge, and is interposed between the containers 31 and 32.

The containers 31 and 32 have inner walls 31A and 3 on both side and bottom surfaces.
2A1 consists of outer walls 31B and 32B - double wall, inner wall 3
1A and 32A are made of perforated plates or rubber plates with unevenness, and discharge ports 31C and 32C are provided at the bottom. The spacer plate 35 is also provided with perforated plates 35B or uneven rubber plates stretched on both sides of the frame body 35A. Bolt rods 39 and 40 are pivotally attached to one side of the container 31, and a U-shaped engagement rod 41 is further pivotally attached. A hydraulic cylinder 43 with bolt receivers 39A, 40 for receiving bolts 39, 40 and a handle 43A held within the fixed frame 42 is attached to the corresponding side of the container 32, and a piston rod 44 of the hydraulic cylinder 43 has a piston rod 44 at its tip. A handle 45 that engages with the engagement rod 41 of the container 31 is fixedly provided. l Thus, the container 31 is placed on the machine stand 46, and a tray 47 provided with a discharge port 47A is provided directly below the containers 31, 32.

21 is a liquid feeding pump, which communicates with a liquid feeding pipe 49, and the tip of the liquid feeding pipe 49 branches into branch pipes 49A and 49B, and a valve 50A.
, 50B to the inside of the containers 31 and 32.

A bag-like filter cloth 51 with an injection port 51A provided at the top is stored in each of the open containers 31 and 32, and after folding up the opening at the bottom, the injection port 51A is inserted into the branch pipe 79 of the liquid supply pipe 49.
I will contact A and 49B respectively. Next, the containers 31 and 32 are closed via the spacer plate 35, the engaging rod 41 of the container 31 is engaged with the handle 45 provided at the tip of the piston rod 44 of the hydraulic cylinder 43 of the container 32, and the handle 43A is operated. to increase the oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 43, and the piston rod 4
4, the engaging rod 41 is pulled by the handle 45, and the containers 31 and 32 are fixed in a closed state via the spacer plate 35.

In this way, the bolt rods 39 and 40 of the container 31 are fitted into the bolt receivers 39A and 40A of the container 32, respectively, and the nuts 395B are inserted.
, 40B from the tips of bolt rods 39 and 40 and tighten. The bolt rods 39, 40 and nuts 39B, 40B are tightened by the engaging rod 41 and the piston rod 44 of the hydraulic cylinder 43.
Preliminary fixation by engagement with the holder is extremely easy. Thus, when the filter is closed and fixed as shown in FIG. 9, a filter chamber is formed within the containers 31 and 32. In the above device, the valve 13''B of the filtrate discharge pipe 13B is opened, the valve 13''C of the washing liquid delivery pipe 13C is closed, and the valve 13''B of the filtrate discharge pipe 13B is closed.
The valve 13''D is opened, and the liquid to be treated is pumped into the container 1 by the pump 5.

The solid content of the liquid to be treated is filtered out by the filter material 7A, and the filtrate flows into the filter material 7, reaches the inside of the rotating shaft 7 through the inner hole 8A, and flows between the rotating shaft 7 and the outer cylinder 11 through the outer hole 8B. The filtrate reaches the gap 12, is discharged from the filtrate discharge pipe 13B and stored in the filtrate storage tank 13, and the excess filtrate is discharged from the discharge pipe 13D via the cleaning fluid delivery pipe 13C. After the filtration process is completed, the valves 13''B and 13''D are closed, the valve 13''C is opened, and the filtrate is passed from the filtrate storage tank 13C to the washing liquid delivery pipe 13C as a washing liquid. The water flows into the rotating shaft 7 from the gap 12 through the outer hole 8B, and flows out into the filter material 7A from the inner hole 8A. The rotary shaft 7 is rotated to rotate the filter medium 7A.As the filter medium 7A rotates, the centrifugal force applied to the cleaning liquid within the filter medium 7A is directed from the center of the filter medium 7A in the circumferential direction.

Therefore, if the filter medium 7A has a filtration surface perpendicular to the rotation axis, the direction of the centrifugal force of the washing liquid will be parallel to the filtration surface, and the centrifugal force will not effectively act as backwash pressure on the filtration surface. However, in the case of the Soroban bead-shaped filter medium 7A, since the filtering surface is inclined with respect to the direction of centrifugal force, the centrifugal force effectively acts as a backwash pressure on the filtering surface. Furthermore, the filter medium 7 of the present invention
At A, the cleaning liquid inside the filter medium 7A is directed from the center to the circumferential direction, and as a result, a negative pressure is generated in the center of the filter medium, so that the cleaning liquid flows smoothly into the filter medium 7A. Furthermore, the cleaning liquid outside the filter medium 7A is sucked into the filter medium at this part, and this reaction causes the cleaning liquid inside and outside the filter medium 7A to
As shown in the figure, a vortex is generated and the cleaning liquid flow in the filter medium is not perpendicular to the axis of the filter medium, but follows a curved line twisted outward, so the cleaning liquid flows onto the filter surface of the bead-shaped filter medium 7A. Pressure is applied at an angle close to vertical, so that centrifugal force is efficiently converted into backwash pressure. From the above considerations, it has been found that the Soroban bead-shaped filter material is the most suitable shape for backwashing with a small amount of backwashing liquid, and that the filtrate can be used extremely effectively as the backwashing liquid. Thus, the filter medium 7A is the filter medium 7A.
A rotates while immersing its lower half in the cleaning liquid 19 stored in the container 1 which has been backwashed from inside A, and the solid content 20 attached to the filter medium 7A is deposited on the wall surface of the filter medium 7A as shown in FIG. The head h is pushed by the sum of the pressure on the head h due to the difference in the level of the cleaning liquid caused by the resistance and the backwashing pressure based on the centrifugal force, and is slightly raised above the surface of the filter medium 7A. The solid content 20 is peeled off by the shear force of the liquid resistance generated by the rotation of the filter medium 7A, and furthermore, the solid content 20 is completely washed away from the filter medium 7A by the turbulent friction of the liquid surface caused by the rotation of the filter medium 7A. be dropped. When washing approaches the end, the washed dirty liquid discharge pipe 4 is opened and the washed dirty liquid is discharged to the outside of the container 1. Thereafter, when the filter medium 7A is further rotated, the cleaning liquid that has moistened the filter medium 7A is scattered and removed by centrifugal force, and the cleaning is performed even more completely. The washed filthy liquid discharged from the washed sewage liquid discharge pipe 4 is stored in the liquid storage tank 4B, and then sent to the pressure friction filtration device 22 via the liquid sending pipe 49 and branch pipes 49A and 49B by the liquid sending pump 21. The filter cloths 51 housed in the containers 31 and 32 are press-fitted through the injection ports 51A, and the solid content in the washing liquid is filtered out by the filter cloths 51, and the filtrate comes out from the filter cloths 51. , outer walls 31B, 32B1 of containers 31, 32 via inner walls 31A, 32A of containers 31, 32, inner walls 31A, 32
It flows down between A and is discharged into the receiving tray 47 from the discharge ports 31C and 32C.

After the above filtration step is completed, loosen the bolts 39, 40 and nuts 39B, 40B.

At this time as well, the engagement and fixation of the engagement rod 41 and the piston rod 44 prevents the containers 31, 32 and the spacer plate 35 from opening due to residual filtration pressure, so loosen the nuts 39B, 40B to release the tightening. is extremely simple. Furthermore, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is removed, the engaging rod 41 is removed, and the container 31 is removed.
, 32 and the spacer plate 35 are opened to remove the solid content from the filter cloth 51. In this way, the washed waste liquid is filtered by the squeeze filtration device 22, which is most suitable for filtering a liquid to be treated containing a high concentration of solids, and the filtrate is sent to the stock solution tank 4A via the return pipe 23, and is converted into a stock solution. mixed in. As described above, the present invention comprises a filter consisting of a sealable container in which a hollow bead-shaped filter material is rotatably attached, a filtrate storage tank provided on the upper part of the filter, and a storage tank for storing cleaning waste liquid. In the filtration process, filtration is performed from the outer surface to the inner surface of the hollow filter material in the shape of a Soroban bead, Solid content adheres to the outer surface of the filter medium, and the filtrate is discharged into a filtrate discharge path communicating with the inside of the filter medium, the filtrate is stored in a filtrate storage tank, and excess filtrate is discharged outside the device.

In the washing process, the backwashing efficiency of the Soroban bead-shaped filter medium is very high, so a large amount of washing liquid is not required, and therefore the filtrate stored in the washing liquid storage tank can be effectively used as the washing liquid. This is passed through the cleaning liquid path into the filter medium to perform backwashing of the filter medium, and in combination with the rotation of the filter medium, effective cleaning is performed. As described above, in the filter of the present invention, the filtrate can be effectively used as the washing liquid, so the washing liquid is not particularly required and the amount to be processed does not increase, so it is convenient for constructing a semi-closed system. In addition, after the washed waste liquid is stored in a liquid storage tank, it is filtered by a press filtration device that is effective for filtering liquids to be treated that contain a high concentration of solids, so leakage to the outside world is completely prevented, and the solid content is is removed, and the solid content is not only concentrated and reduced in volume, but also has a low liquid content, making post-processing very easy. The filtrate from which the solid content has been separated is sent to the stock solution tank via the return path, mixed with the stock solution, and then sent to the main filtration device again for complete filtration. A closed system is formed. In the present invention, a storage tank for cleaning liquid (filtrate) is provided directly above the container, and the cleaning liquid (filtrate) is passed through the filtration medium by head pressure. In addition, it is not necessary to apply any pressure other than the head pressure. This is because the centrifugal force efficiently becomes backwashing pressure in the soroban bead-shaped filter material for the reason described above. Thus, according to the present invention, the arrangement of the device can be made very compact.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present filtration device, FIG. 2 is a cutaway side view of the main part of the filtration machine, and FIG. 3 is a casing of the filtration machine. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the portion of the filter material in the filter machine immersed in the cleaning liquid.

5 to 9 are detailed views showing one embodiment of the compressed filtration device 22 in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view, FIG. 6 is an assembled plan view in an open state, and FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the filter cloth, FIG. 9 is an assembled front view in a closed state, and FIG. 10 is a side sectional view showing the flow of cleaning liquid when the filter material is rotated. In the diagram, 1...Condition, 4...
Washing sewage discharge pipe, 4A... Raw solution tank, 4B...
...Liquid storage tank, 6...Liquid injection pipe, 7...
Rotating shaft, 7A...filter material, 13...filtrate storage tank, 13B...filtrate discharge pipe, 13C...
... Washing liquid delivery pipe, 22 ... Pressure filtration device,
23...Return pipe.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A sealable container, a rotating shaft provided in the lateral direction of the container, one or more hollow filter media in the form of beads attached to the rotating shaft, and the container. It consists of a liquid feeding path that pumps the liquid to be treated into the body, and a filtrate discharge path and a washing liquid path that communicate with the inside of the filter medium, and the filtrate discharge path and the washing liquid path are provided directly above the container through a filtrate storage tank. one or more filtration machines connected to each other, a liquid storage tank connected to the container of the filtration machine via a washing sewage discharge path, and a liquid storage tank connected to the filtration machine via a squeeze filtration device. A filtration device consisting of a return path that connects to the liquid path side. 2. A sealable container, a rotating shaft provided in the lateral direction of the container, one or more hollow filter media in the form of beads attached to the rotating shaft, and a liquid to be treated in the container. The filtration machine consists of a liquid feeding path for pressure feeding, a filtrate discharge path and a washing liquid path that communicate with the inside of the filter medium, and the filtrate discharge path and the washing liquid path are connected via a filtrate storage tank provided directly above the container. one or more of them, a liquid storage tank connected to the container of the filtration machine via a washing waste liquid discharge path, and a liquid storage tank connected to the liquid feeding path side of the filtration machine via a squeeze filtration device. In a filtration device consisting of a return route, the liquid to be treated is forced into the container from the liquid feeding route, solids in the liquid to be treated are filtered out by a filter material, and the filtrate is passed from within the filter material through the filtrate discharge route. The filtrate is stored in a filtrate storage tank, and after the filtration process is completed, the filtrate accumulated in the filtrate storage tank is passed through the washing liquid path into the filter medium as a washing liquid, and the rotating shaft is rotated to rotate the filtration medium. The solid content adhering to the filtrate is removed and washed, and the washed sewage liquid is stored in a liquid storage tank via the washed sewage liquid discharge path, and the solid content of the washed sewage liquid is further filtered from the liquid storage tank by a pressing filter device. A filtration method using the filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that the filtrate is returned to the washing liquid path side of the filter through a return path and combined with the filtrate.