JPS607042B2 - Apparatus for forming fibers from viscous substances - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a gas flow nozzle for use in the production of fibers from a large steel material, and in particular to a method for producing fibers of the material by applying a gas flow to the material. Regarding placement.

In recent years, a so-called twisted gas jet method has been proposed as a method for thinning thermosoftening materials into fibers.

The content of this method is that a cylindrical flow of a thermosoftening substance is passed through a molten gas flow having a component tangential to the outer circumference of the cross section in the direction of movement of the cylindrical flow.
This is a method in which the substance is rotated at high speed while being in contact to prevent it from being displaced in the lateral direction, and the thinned filamentous substance is drawn out by centrifugal force. It has become clear that this method is extremely advantageous in terms of production efficiency, product quality, etc., compared to other methods such as the centrifugation method (or centrifugation method), etc. The swirling gas jet method is described in patent application No. 501-101618 (issued on August 20, 1939), Special Publication No. 57374,
Thermal softening process requires continuous outflow of the melt, for example glass, and the tangential component of its cross-sectional circumference and the direction of progress of the melt in a first region along the progress of the outflowing melt. A gas flow having components approaching and moving away from the central axis of the melt is brought into contact with the melt in a manner that prevents the melt from being displaced laterally, thereby melting the melt while confining the melt in a limited position. The object is rotated around a central axis in the traveling direction of the object, so that in a second zone following the melt traveling from the first zone, the melt is melted mainly by centrifugal force due to rotation based on the inertia of the rotational force. Continuously drawing out fibers of a thermosoftening substance from the molten material by causing the object to fly out laterally, and then rotating the object in the circumferential direction viewed from the central axis and in the same direction as the rotation. A method for producing fibers of a heat-softening substance, characterized by: In the swirling gas jet method, as described above, the melt is swirled and drawn out by centrifugal force, and then further drawn by the swirling gas flow itself to form thin fibers. If it is treated separately, even thinner fibers can be obtained.

However, in this case, since the amount of gas flow increases, the production efficiency deteriorates somewhat. The present invention provides an apparatus in which the swirling gas flow itself also functions as a drawing gas flow to efficiently obtain thin fibers.

The gist of the present invention is to provide a container having an outflow nozzle for causing a viscous steel material to flow out continuously through the outflow nozzle, and a component in the tangential direction of the cross section of the material, which is caused to flow out of the material; four pipes arranged at intervals in the local direction around the substance, each having a component in a direction that first gradually approaches the central axis of the substance and then gradually moves away from the central axis in the outflow direction of the substance; or more, injecting a substantially linear high-velocity gas stream, thereby injecting the material in a first region from the start of the material's exit to the point where the gas flow is closest to the center plow line of the material. The melt is rotated about its central axis and given a substantially conical shape with a cross section that gradually decreases in the direction of its outflow, and in a second region following the first region, the material is An apparatus for forming fibers from a viscous steel material, comprising a gas injection means for forming fibers from the tip of the conical shape and ejecting the gas in a spiral shape in the outflow direction and radially outward. and the gas injection means includes at least four injection nozzles spaced circumferentially around the outlet nozzle and for injecting a linear high-velocity gas stream, the injection nozzles comprising: The viscosity is arranged rotationally symmetrically with respect to the center axis of the substance continuously flown out from the outflow nozzle, and arranged so that at least two of the angles between adjacent injection nozzles are between 950 and 1350. It is an enchantment for forming fibers from steel substances.

Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail using the drawings. In FIG. 1, a thermosoftenable melt or viscous material 3 is discharged or discharged from a melt outlet nozzle or a viscous material outlet nozzle 1 of a vessel or melting crucible 10. In FIG.

Next, a first
The melt 3 is brought into contact with the expanded gas stream 4 exiting the gas stream nozzle 2 in a zone 11 . This expanding gas flow 4 has a component in the tangential direction of the outer periphery of the cross section that crosses the central axis of the advancing melt 3, and a component in the direction in which the melt moves, and the melt moves horizontally in the first zone 11 due to an external force. It must be such that it prevents displacement in that direction.

When using gas flow nozzles that eject gas only in a single direction, it is necessary to arrange three or more gas flow nozzles.

Even if an external force acts on the melt to displace it laterally, the gas flow forms a wall around the melt, preventing the melt from moving laterally. is confined to a limited location.

Preferably, this gas flow has a tangential component to the outer circumference of a cross section perpendicular to the central axis of the advancing melt, and has a component that approaches and then moves away from the central axis along the progress of the melt.

This is because the gas with both components interferes less with each other along its direction of travel and contacts more of the melt surface, so that the gas with both components interferes less with each other along its direction of travel and contacts more of the melt surface, so that the second part of the melt forms a cone, the so-called cone 5. Undesired lateral displacements of the melt in one area can be prevented more efficiently. When such a gas flow is brought into contact with a molten material, the molten material is confined in a certain limited position by the gas flow, and the molten material moves around the central axis in the direction of movement of the molten material due to the friction between its surface and the gas flow. be rotated.

After the melt flows out from the melt nozzle, the gas flow causes the cross-sectional diameter of the melt to gradually become smaller as the melt advances, taking on a so-called conical shape. The rotational angular velocity of the melt gradually increases as the melt advances.

When a gas flow having bidirectional components approaching the central axis in the tangential direction and the traveling direction of the melt is brought into contact with the melt, the melt is confined in a limited position within the first area. The most stable conical shape, so-called cone 5, is formed.

A second zone 1 where the melt progresses slower than the first zone.
At step 2, the molten material is rotated with further increased rotational force by the force of the gas flow. In the second region, the force of the gas flow that tries to hold the melt in a conical shape decreases, and the gas flow spreads away from the center axis of the melt. Therefore, the melt there is not trapped by the air current,
The centrifugal force caused by the rotation causes it to fly away from the central axis in a radial direction.

The direction of this ejection is the circumferential direction as seen from the central axis, and it rotates in the direction of rotation of the molten material. The gas flow not only flows in the tangential direction to the outer circumference of the cross section perpendicular to the central axis of the melt, but also has a component that approaches and recedes from the central axis along the progress of the melt. For area 12
The filamentous molten material (hereinafter referred to as primary fibers) that attempts to fly out in the radial direction from the central axis reenters the gas flow that is far away from the central axis, is stretched, and is carried away in the downward direction to become fine fibers.

In order to cause the conical shape 5 of the outflowing melt in the first region 11 to rotate as desired around the center axis of the melt by injecting at least three linear high-speed gas streams, a high-speed gas flow is required. It is important that the gas flow, and therefore the injection nozzle 2, be arranged rotationally symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the upper shaft as the axis of rotational symmetry.

Therefore, when using three injection nozzles 2, it is important to arrange the three injection nozzles 2 at equal intervals (therefore, the angle between each injection nozzle is 1209), as shown in FIG. . However, when using three or more injection nozzles 2, "in order to effectively stretch the molten material that pops out in the form of fibers in the second region 12, the central axis of the molten material is set as the rotationally symmetrical axis. Although rotationally symmetrical, it has been found that it is preferable to arrange the injection nozzles 2 so that at least two of the angles between adjacent injection nozzles 2 are 950 to 135 degrees, instead of arranging them at equal intervals.For example, four injection nozzles 2, the two angles ■,
is 95o to 135o (therefore, the other two angles ■2 are 45o
If six injection nozzles 2 are used, as shown in FIG. It is preferable to do so.

However, in FIGS. 2 and 3, only the outlet hole 2a of the injection nozzle 2 is shown for clarity. The reason for this is thought to be as follows.

To explain with reference to FIG. 4, which diagrammatically shows the melt 5 and the high-speed gas flow 4 that fly out in the form of fibers in the second region 12, the melt that jumps out from the tip of the conical shape 5 in the first region 11. The state of the fibrous melt 5a at a certain time is to, △t
If the state after seconds is t, and the state after 2Δt seconds is ra,..., it seems that the state will be as shown in FIG.

Before entering one of the gas flows 4, the fibrous melt 5a advances in the radial direction due to its own rotational inertia. is located outward from the central axis of the gas flow 4, and the following portion crosses the gas flow 4.On the other hand, the gas flow 4 is fastest at its center and slows down as it moves away from the center. Therefore, the part of the fibrous melt 5a that crosses the gas flow 4 can be moved downward the most because the part located at the center of the gas flow 4 is affected by the gas flow with the highest velocity, The radially distant portions are propelled downward less under the action of the slower gas flow.Thus, the fibrous melt 5a that enters and traverses the gas flow 4
The part that enters the center of the gas flow 4 is pushed downward the most, and the parts ahead of this part and the parts behind this part are pushed downward less; this displacement difference It will be stretched by. The same holds true when passing through one of the gas streams 4 and entering the next gas stream 4 after 6Δt seconds. Therefore, it is thought that the fibrous melt 5a flying out from the tip of the conical shape 5 moves along a trajectory as illustrated in FIG. However, if the angle between adjacent gas flows, and therefore the angle between adjacent injection nozzles, is less than 95 Therefore, when entering the next gas flow, the tip of the fibrous melt 5a is inside the center of the gas flow, and the fibrous melt 5a becomes a gas. The fibrous melt 5a does not fully cross the gas flow, and only the tip of the fibrous melt 5a partially enters the gas flow.

Therefore, the fibrous melt 5a cannot sufficiently receive the above displacement difference and cannot be stretched sufficiently.On the other hand, if the above angle is 1350 or more, , the gas flow 4 tends to force the melt into a conical shape 5 which cannot be rotated well.

The present invention has made it possible to efficiently obtain fine melt fibers with a small amount of gas flow.

Next, the shape and arrangement of the gas flow nozzle for carrying out the present invention will be explained in more detail using examples. In FIG. 6, a gas flow nozzle ring 6 is attached via a spacer ring 7 around a melt nozzle 1 provided on the lower surface of a melting crucible 10.

The gas flow nozzle 6 has a ring-shaped hollow chamber 8, and one end of the four or six gas flow nozzles 2 that emit a gas flow only in a single direction is connected to the ring-shaped hollow chamber 8, and the other end is connected to the ring-shaped hollow chamber 8. is located downstream from the tip of the melt nozzle in the direction of progress of the melt, and each gas flow nozzle 2 surrounds the melt nozzle 1.
FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 each show a bottom view, and the number of gas flow nozzles and their inner diameter are different. @, and ■2 are the angles between the nozzle center axes of adjacent gas flow nozzles. The minimum diameter of the inner diameter of the melt nozzle is 2
When the side is
The results of the test using glass as the molten material and cold air as the gas flow are shown in the table below.
However, each test was conducted at a glass temperature of 1250° C. (glass viscosity of 80 boads) and a gas flow pressure of 8°C.

However, each test was conducted at a glass temperature of 125,000 (glass viscosity: 80 poise) and a gas flow pressure of 8K9.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1a and 1b are vertical sectional views and bottom views of the nozzle part in the conventional swirling gas jet method, FIGS. 2 and 3 are bottom views showing the embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of the invention, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are bottom views showing an embodiment of the invention. 1... Melt outflow nozzle, 2... Gas flow injection nozzle, 10... Melting crucible. O diagram - O diagram 〆 Soup 2 figure O 3 figure O 4 figure 5 figure 6 figure O 7 figure U r8 figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A container having an outflow nozzle for causing a viscous substance to flow out continuously through the outflow nozzle, and a component in the tangential direction of the cross section of the substance, which is caused to flow out of the substance;
four pipes arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction around the substance, each having a component in a direction that first gradually approaches the central axis of the substance and then gradually moves away from the central axis in the outflow direction of the substance; or more, injecting a substantially linear high-velocity gas stream, thereby causing the melt to melt in a first region from the beginning of the outflow of the substance to the point where the gas stream is closest to the central axis of the substance. The substance is rotated around its central axis, and is made into a substantially conical shape whose cross section gradually decreases in the direction of its outflow, and in a second area following the first area, the substance is An apparatus for forming fibers from a viscous substance, comprising a gas injection means for forming fibers from a conical tip and ejecting the gas in a spiral shape in an outflow direction and a radial direction, the gas Injection means is circumferentially spaced around the outlet nozzle and includes at least four injection nozzles for injecting a linear high velocity gas stream, the injection nozzles being continuous from the outlet nozzle. At least two of the angles between adjacent injection nozzles are arranged rotationally symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the substance to be flowed out as an axis of rotational symmetry, and at least two of the angles between adjacent injection nozzles are 95° to 135°.
apparatus for forming fibers from a viscous substance, arranged so that