JPS607862B2 - guided wireless communication device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to improvements in guided radio communication equipment used for communication between mobile bodies and ground stations or between mobile bodies.

Communication between mobile objects that move on fixed tracks, such as railways, new transportation systems, and automated cranes, and fixed ground control units (hereinafter referred to as ground stations) has recently become more and more complicated, especially with the adoption of computer-based centralized control systems and mechanization. As communication capacity increases, communication lines or communication devices are required to cope with this increase.

In order to increase communication capacity, it is generally necessary to widen the frequency band used and perform wideband multiplexing, increase the number of lines by using different frequencies, or use multiple lines at the same time on the same frequency to reduce mutual interference. Some means must be used. In general, high-quality guided radio systems require contactless signal exchange between a guide wire laid along the trajectory of a moving object and an antenna attached to the moving object. Single wire type, parallel two wire type,
A parallel three-wire system has traditionally been used.

However, it is well known that if these guided wires are used to transmit separate signals in the same direction at the same time using the same frequency or two very close frequencies for the purpose of increasing communication capacity, interference will occur and the signal cannot be used. The present invention eliminates these drawbacks and provides a new low-frequency radio device capable of simultaneously transmitting two independent signals without interference using the same or very close frequencies, and will be described in detail below. FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.

In this figure, 1, 2, and 3 are equally spaced parallel three-wire conductors,
4 is the first one that operates as a fixed side transmitter or receiver.
In the transmitter/receiver A, if 4 is the transmitter, the high frequency current output from 4 flows in the same phase to the outer guide wires 1 and 3 as shown in the figure, and the current in the opposite phase to this in the center guide wire 2. will flow. 5 is a polar magnetic zero-enclosed (coil) antenna on the moving body side, and its length will be shown later in an actual example, but it is similar to the guide wires 1 and 3.
It is attached to the movable body in such a way that it is 1/under the male end of the spacing of and is directly above the guide wire 2, parallel to the guide wire surface and perpendicular to the guide wire. This antenna may be a loop (coil) antenna, in which case it is installed directly above the guide wire 2 so that the loop antenna surface is perpendicular to and parallel to the guide wire surface. Reference numeral 6 denotes a first transceiver B on the mobile body side that receives the high frequency voltage induced in the antenna 5 or outputs high frequency power to the antenna 5.

Similar to 5 and 6, 7 and 8 are mounted on a moving body, and 7 is a loop antenna whose outermost dimension is approximately the same as that between guide wires 1 and 3, and whose surface is parallel to the guide wire surface. , 8 is a second transceiver C on the mobile body side that receives the high frequency voltage induced in the loop antenna 7 or outputs high frequency power to the antenna 7.

9 is a second unit that operates as a fixed-side transmitter or receiver.
A transmitter/receiver, and when used as a transmitter, a high frequency transformer 10
Currents of opposite phases are passed through the induction wires 1 and 3 through the inductive wires 1 and 3.

The high frequency transformer 10 is a line coupler for balancing the guide lines 1, 2, and 3. Note that 4, 6, 8, and 9 may be a transmitter or a receiver alone. It is desirable to keep the distance between the antenna 5 and the loop antenna 7 as far as possible, but there is a practical limit, and as an actual value, if the distance between the outer devices on the same plane is 10 or more distances, sufficient coupling loss can be obtained ( about 6
(5) was sufficient for practical use. When 4 is operated as a signal transmitter A, signal currents of the same phase flow through the guide wires 1 and 3, and signal currents of the opposite phase flow through the guide wire 2, as described above.

At this time, 5 on the moving object side operates as a receiving antenna, and 6 operates as a receiver B. A signal voltage is generated in the rod-shaped magnetic antenna 5 mainly due to the current flowing through the mysterious conductor 2, and this signal is received by the receiver B6. On the other hand, in the loop antenna 7, the magnetic flux caused by the guide wire 2 does not intersect with the magnetic flux, and the magnetic fluxes caused by the guide wires 1 and 3 cancel each other out, so that as a result, no induced voltage is generated. Furthermore, since the transformer 10 causes a high frequency current to flow through the induction wires 1 and 3 from the balanced center tap, no voltage is induced on the secondary side and no current flows through the transmitter/receiver D 9. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views showing the magnetic flux distribution when 4 is operated as the transmitter A as described above. First, FIG. 2 shows the case where 6 is used as receiver B, and 5 is a camphor-shaped magnetic D antenna. In this case, the current flowing through the guiding wire 2 is twice the current flowing through the outer conductive wires 1 and 3, and it is well known that the magnetic flux generated around the guiding wire is proportional to the current. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, if the magnetic flux around the conductive wires 1 and 3 is clockwise, the magnetic flux of the guide wire 2 is counterclockwise. Considering the magnetic flux parallel to the guiding wire plane, the yielding wire 1,
3 and the magnetic flux generated by guiding wire 2 are in opposite directions and cancel each other out, but since the magnetic flux generated by guiding wire 2 is stronger, the magnetic flux generated by guiding wire 2 is stronger.
The magnetic flux distribution is as shown in the figure, and the magnetic flux penetrating the magnetic core antenna has a component (
In the figure, the horizontal component) is the king, and is well coupled with the antenna 5 to generate an induced voltage. To give a practical example, the length of the comb-like magnetic core antenna 5 in the direction of the arrow is 1/4 to 1/6 of the interval between the conductive wires 1 and 3 (for example, 30 skins), and the center of the guiding wire 2 and the antenna 5 is The distance (Fig. 4) is 1/2 to 1/4 of the distance between guide wires 1 and 3, and even if there is some deviation in the relative position due to the movement of the moving body, the connection by guide wire 2 is the same as that of guide wire 1. and 3
Since the coupling with the guide wire 2 can be mounted so as to be larger than the coupling with the guide wire 2, a stable coupling with the guide wire 2 can be maintained. Conversely, when 6 is the transmitter B and 4 is the receiver A, the component parallel to the yield line plane of the magnetic flux from the antenna 5 is mainly coupled to the yield line 2 in the same way. Next, FIG. 3 shows the state of magnetic flux passing through the loop antenna 7 when the antenna 4 is operated as the transmitter A.

Since the magnetic fluxes generated by the guide wires 1 and 3 have the same magnitude and pass through the loop antenna 7 in opposite directions, the induced voltage becomes zero. The magnetic flux generated by the yield line 2 has only a component parallel to the surface of the loop antenna 7, and no voltage is induced in the loop antenna 7 since there is no vertical component penetrating the loop surface. Conversely, even if 8 on the moving body side is operated as a transmitter C and 4 as a receiver A, the magnetic flux generated by the loop antenna 7 will not be effectively linked to the guide wire 2, and Since magnetic fluxes of the same magnitude pass through the conductors 1 and 3 from opposite directions, as a result, no effective induced voltage is generated and there is no input to the receiver A4. That is, the loop antenna 7 and receiver 4 are not coupled. In addition, when 4 is used as transmitter A, transformer 10
If the primary side is balanced, no current will flow to the secondary side of the transmitter A4 and the receiver D9 will not be coupled to each other. Also, as in the case of FIG. 2, the state of coupling does not change even if the transmitter and receiver are replaced. According to the above, the first
In the configuration shown in the figure, the first transceiver A4 on the fixed side, the comb antenna 5 on the mobile body, and the first transceiver B6 on the mobile body are coupled, but these transceivers A and B are connected to the loop on the mobile body. First, a first guided radio transmission path that is not coupled to the antenna 7, the second mobile transceiver C8, and the second fixed transceiver D9 is obtained.

This transmission line uses magnetic flux parallel to the guiding wire plane to connect a parallel three-wire guiding wire and a bar antenna (or loop antenna).
It can be called a combination of . Next, 9 on the fixed side
When operated as a transmitter D, a high frequency current flows only through the guide wires 1 and 3 through the transformer 10, making it equivalent to a parallel two-wire guide wire.

Therefore, the perpendicular magnetic flux components 1 and 3 pass through the loop antenna 7, inducing a signal voltage. That is, the transmitter D9, the loop antenna 7 of the mobile body, and the receiver C8 are coupled. At this time, the magnetic fluxes of the guide wires 1 and 3 pass through the rectangular magnetic core antenna 5 as shown in FIG. is located between the guide wires 1 and 3, so the horizontal components of the magnetic flux due to the guide wires 1 and 3 are the same in magnitude and opposite in phase, so no voltage is induced. Further, since no current flows through the conductor wire 2 at this time, the transmitter ○9 and the receiver A4 are not coupled. As in the case of FIG. 2, the state of coupling does not change even if the transmitter and receiver are replaced. That is, the signal from the mobile transmitter C8 generates induced signal voltages of the same magnitude and opposite phase on the transfer lines 1 and 3 by the loop antenna 7, and is input to the receiver ○9 via the transformer 10, but the signal is input to the receiver A4. There is no signal input. As described above, in the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the second transceiver D9 on the fixed side and the second transceiver C8 on the mobile body are coupled, but these C and D transceivers, the first transceiver A4 on the fixed side, and the mobile body side A second guiding radio transmission path is obtained that is not coupled to the first transceiver B6.

This transmission line can be called a combination of a parallel two-wire guide wire and a loop antenna using magnetic flux perpendicular to the conductive line plane. As is clear from the above description, in the present invention, parallel three-wire guide wires are used to connect the stationary side and the movable body to avoid mutual interference due to the same frequency or adjacent frequencies.
Since two independent communication lines can be configured, communication transmission in two separate directions or simultaneous transmission and reception in both directions is possible.
The practical effects are significant, such as lower construction costs for concession lines and greater communication capacity per frequency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of the device of the present invention, and FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 are cross-sectional views showing the state of inductive coupling between the guide line in FIG. 1 and the antenna on the mobile body side. 1, 2, 3... 3-wire guide wire, 4, 9...
・・Fixed side transmission, receiver or transmitter or receiver, 6
, 8... Mobile side transmission, receiver or transmitter or receiver, 5... ridge-shaped magnetic core coil antenna, 7...
...Loop antenna, 10...High frequency transformer for coupling. Figure 1, figure 2, figure 3, figure 4, figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A high-frequency transformer that has three parallel wire guide wires laid at equal intervals on the same plane along the path of a moving object, and an intermediate tap on the primary side connected between one end of the two outer guide wires. , a fixed-side second transceiver 9 connected to the secondary side of the transformer, and a fixed-side first transceiver 4 connected between one end of the central guide wire and the intermediate tap of the high-frequency transformer. A ground fixed side equipment, a first antenna 5 which is mounted on a moving body and is inductively coupled to the central guide wire and does not generate an inductively coupled output to the outer two guide wires, and a moving side connected to this antenna. From a first transceiver 6, a second antenna 7 which is inductively coupled to the two outer guide wires and does not generate an inductively coupled output to the central guide wire, and a second movable transceiver 8 connected to this antenna. The first transmitter/receiver 4 on the fixed side, the parallel 3
A central guide line among the wire guide lines, a first communication line constituted by a first antenna mounted on a moving body and its first transceiver 6, a second transceiver 9 on the fixed side, and a parallel 3 A guidance characterized in that it is possible to simultaneously establish a second communication line constituted by two outer wires of a wire type guidance wire, the second antenna mounted on a moving body, and a second transmitter/receiver 8. Wireless communication device.