JPS6112213B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6112213B2 JPS6112213B2 JP55180848A JP18084880A JPS6112213B2 JP S6112213 B2 JPS6112213 B2 JP S6112213B2 JP 55180848 A JP55180848 A JP 55180848A JP 18084880 A JP18084880 A JP 18084880A JP S6112213 B2 JPS6112213 B2 JP S6112213B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- measurement time
- time constant
- temperature measurement
- adder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/42—Circuits effecting compensation of thermal inertia; Circuits for predicting the stationary value of a temperature
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は、感温素子の温度抵抗変化を利用
し、被測体温を短時間にて測温することができる
電子体温計に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electronic thermometer that can measure a subject's body temperature in a short period of time by utilizing changes in temperature resistance of a temperature sensing element.
電子体温計にあたつては、一般的に、測温抵抗
体などの感温素子を内蔵した感温プローブを有
し、この感温プローブを腋下などの被測温部にあ
てがい、体温による測温抵抗体の抵抗変化を電気
信号として検出して、この信号をもとにして被測
体温をアナログ表示もしくはデジタル表示する。
この場合、感温プローブの温度はほぼ指数関数的
に変化することから、その変化率に基いて被測体
温を予測することにより、測温開始から10数秒と
いう短時間での体温測定を実現しようとする方法
が知られている。すなわち、体温測定時、被測温
部に挿入された感温プローブの温度をＴθとする
と、
Ｔθ＝（Tm−Ta）（１−ｅ〓〓）＋Ta
と表わされる。（ここで、Tm：感温プローブの
定常値温度（被測体温）、Ta：感温プローブの初
期温度、ｋ：被測温体の測温時定数、ｅ：自然対
数の底、ｔ：測温時間）
このように、プローブ温度Ｔ〓は大体において
指数関数数的な曲線を画くことから、このプロー
ブ温度Ｔ〓の所定時間t1における変化率を示す微
分値dT〓／dtと測温時定数ｋとから加算値ｋ・
dT〓／dtを算出し、これを上のせ量としてプロ
ーブ温度Ｔ〓に電気的に加算することにより、感
温プローブの定常値温度Tm（被測体温）を予測
する。したがつて、この電子体温計にて表示され
る被測体温Tmは、予測値としてのＴ〓＋ｋ・
dT〓／dtである。なお、このような微分加算方
式によれば、このTm曲線はもとのＴ〓曲線より
も立上りが急峻となり、しかも理想的な指数関数
曲線により近似するきれいなカーブを画くことが
実験により確められている。しかしながら、これ
には測温時定数ｋに関して次のような問題点が含
まれている。測温時定数ｋは、年令、性別、体質
などにより個々の被測温体ごとに異なるのである
が、通常は多くの臨床例から得たデータの統計的
な平均値が用いられている。そこで、この測温時
定数による測温誤差をΔＨとすれば、
で表わされる。（ｋs：統計値より得た平均的な測
温時定数、Ｋ：被測温体のもつ個々の測温時定
数）
このような測温誤差ΔＨは、10数秒という短時
間測温においては無視することができないため、
短時間での高精度な測温を困難にしている。 Electronic thermometers generally have a temperature-sensitive probe with a built-in temperature-sensing element such as a resistance thermometer, and this temperature-sensitive probe is applied to the area to be measured, such as the armpit, and the body temperature is measured. The change in resistance of the temperature resistor is detected as an electrical signal, and based on this signal, the body temperature to be measured is displayed in analog or digital form.
In this case, the temperature of the thermosensor probe changes almost exponentially, so by predicting the subject's body temperature based on the rate of change, it is possible to measure body temperature within a short time of 10 seconds from the start of temperature measurement. There are known methods to do this. That is, when measuring body temperature, when the temperature of the temperature sensing probe inserted into the temperature-measured part is Tθ, it is expressed as Tθ=(Tm−Ta)(1−e〓〓)+Ta. (Here, Tm: Steady value temperature of the temperature sensing probe (body temperature to be measured), Ta: Initial temperature of the temperature sensing probe, k: Temperature measurement time constant of the body to be measured, e: Base of natural logarithm, t: Measurement temperature. In this way, since the probe temperature T〓 generally follows an exponential curve, the differential value dT〓/dt indicating the rate of change of the probe temperature T〓 at a predetermined time t 1 and the temperature measurement time From constant k, add value k・
By calculating dT/dt and electrically adding it to the probe temperature T as an additional amount, the steady-state temperature Tm (body temperature to be measured) of the thermosensing probe is predicted. Therefore, the measured body temperature Tm displayed by this electronic thermometer is the predicted value T〓+k・
dT〓/dt. It has been confirmed through experiments that using this differential addition method, this Tm curve has a steeper rise than the original T〓 curve, and also draws a beautiful curve that approximates an ideal exponential function curve. ing. However, this includes the following problems regarding the temperature measurement time constant k. Although the temperature measurement time constant k differs for each body to be measured depending on age, sex, constitution, etc., a statistical average value of data obtained from many clinical cases is usually used. Therefore, if the temperature measurement error due to this temperature measurement time constant is ΔH, then It is expressed as (k s : Average temperature measurement time constant obtained from statistical values, K : Individual temperature measurement time constant of the object to be measured) Such temperature measurement error ΔH is Because it cannot be ignored,
This makes it difficult to measure temperature with high accuracy in a short period of time.
したがつて、この発明の目的は、上記したよう
な測温時定数に基因する測温誤差の影響を少なく
して、被測体温を短時間にて高精度に測温するこ
とができる電子体温計を提供することにある。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic thermometer that can measure a subject's body temperature with high accuracy in a short time while reducing the influence of temperature measurement errors caused by the temperature measurement time constant as described above. Our goal is to provide the following.
以下、この発明を詳細に説明する。前述したよ
うに、感温プローブの温度Ｔ〓は、
と表わされるが、これは次のように書き直すこと
ができ、これをＴ〓０とすると、
となる。そこで、このＴ〓０から被測体温を予測
するため、このＴ〓０の微分値dT〓0／dtと所定
の測温時定数k1とからなる加算値k1・dT〓0／dt
を算出して、これをＴ〓０に加算することによ
り、被測体温の予測値として、
Ｔ〓１＝Ｔ〓０＋k1・dT〓0／dt
＝Tm＋ΔＱ（ｋ１／ｋ−１）ｅ−１／ｋｔ
が得られるのであるが、この場合、k1は統計値に
より得られた測温時定数であるのに対し、ｋは被
測温体が有する固有測温時定数であつて、相当の
バラツキがある。したがつて、このＴ〓１より例
えば測定精度±0.1℃で被測体温を測温すること
は困難であるから、この発明では、このＴ〓１の
微分値をk2倍してなる加算値k2dT〓1／dtをＴ〓
１に加えてＴ〓２とし、さらにこのＴ〓２の微分
値をk3倍してなる加算値k3・dT〓2／dtを算出し
てＴ〓２に加えてＴ〓３とするように、求める測
定精度が得られるまでこれをｎ回繰返すのであ
る。したがつて、これがｎ回繰返されたときのＴ
〓ｎは、次式で表わされる。 This invention will be explained in detail below. As mentioned above, the temperature T of the temperature probe is This can be rewritten as follows, and if this is T = 0, becomes. Therefore, in order to predict the body temperature to be measured from this T〓0, an additional value k1・dT〓0/dt consisting of the differential value dT〓0/dt of this T〓0 and a predetermined temperature measurement time constant k1 is calculated.
By calculating and adding this to T〓0, as the predicted value of the measured body temperature, T〓1=T〓0+ k1・dT〓0/dt=Tm+ΔQ( k1 /k−1)e− 1/kt is obtained, but in this case, k 1 is the temperature measurement time constant obtained from statistical values, whereas k is the temperature measurement time constant inherent to the object to be measured, which is equivalent to There is some variation. Therefore, since it is difficult to measure the body temperature of a subject with a measurement accuracy of ±0.1°C based on this T〓1, in this invention, an additional value obtained by multiplying the differential value of this T〓1 by k 2 is used. k 2 dT〓1/dt〓
1 plus T〓2, and then multiply the differential value of T〓2 by k 3 to calculate the additional value k3・dT〓2/dt, add it to T〓2 and set it as T〓3. This is then repeated n times until the desired measurement accuracy is obtained. Therefore, when this is repeated n times, T
〓n is expressed by the following formula.
ここで、k1，k2，……ｋoは、多くの臨床デー
タをもとにして経験的に定められた測温時定数で
あるが、この場合、これらの測温時定数k1，k2…
…ｋoを被測温体の固有測温時定数ｋの２倍未満
の値に選定すれば、
｜ｋ１／ｋ−１｜＜１，｜ｋ２／ｋ−１｜＜１，……
｜ｋｏ／ｋ−
１｜＜１
となり、これらの乗算効果によりＴ〓ｎ関して誤
差として働く部分（ｋ１／ｋ−１）（ｋ２／ｋ−１）…
…（ｋｎ／ｋ
−１）の値は零に収斂し、これにより、短時間で
精度のよい測温が可能となる。なお、k1＝k2……
＝ｋoでも同様な効果を得ることができる。 Here, k 1 , k 2 , ... k o are temperature measurement time constants determined empirically based on a large amount of clinical data; in this case, these temperature measurement time constants k 1 , k2 ...
...If k o is selected to be less than twice the temperature measurement time constant k of the object to be measured, |k 1 /k-1|<1, |k 2 /k-1|<1,...
|k o /k-1|<1, and due to these multiplication effects, the part that acts as an error regarding T〓n is (k 1 /k-1) (k 2 /k-1)...
...(k n /k -1) converges to zero, thereby making it possible to measure temperature with high accuracy in a short time. In addition, k 1 = k 2 ......
A similar effect can be obtained with =k o .
次に、この発明を第１図に示された実施例に基
いて説明する。 Next, the present invention will be explained based on the embodiment shown in FIG.
この電子体温計は、感温プローブ１を有し、こ
の感温プローブ１に内蔵されている測温抵抗体２
は増巾回路３に接続されている。増巾回路３の出
力側には、第１の加算器４と第１の加算値算出回
路５とが接続されている。この第１の加算回路５
は、直列接続された微分回路６および乗算回路７
からなり、この場合、乗算回路７には測温時定数
k1が予め設定されている。また、第１の加算器４
の出力側には、第２の加算器８と第２の加算値算
出回路９とが接続され、さらに、この第２の加算
器８の出力側には、第３の加算器１２と第３の加
算値算出回路１３とが接続されている。この場
合、第２および第３の加算値算出回路９，１３の
各々は、第１の加算値算出回路５と同様に、微分
回路１０および乗算回路１１、微分回路１４およ
び乗算回路１５から構成されているが、乗算回路
１１および１５には、測温時定数k2およびk3がそ
れぞれ設定されている。なお、１６は第３の加算
器１２の出力側に接続された表示器である。 This electronic thermometer has a temperature sensing probe 1, and a resistance temperature detector 2 built into this temperature sensing probe 1.
is connected to the amplification circuit 3. A first adder 4 and a first added value calculation circuit 5 are connected to the output side of the amplification circuit 3. This first addition circuit 5
is a differential circuit 6 and a multiplication circuit 7 connected in series.
In this case, the multiplier circuit 7 has a temperature measurement time constant.
k 1 is preset. In addition, the first adder 4
A second adder 8 and a second addition value calculation circuit 9 are connected to the output side of the adder 8, and a third adder 12 and a third adder 12 are connected to the output side of the second adder 8. An additional value calculation circuit 13 is connected thereto. In this case, each of the second and third added value calculation circuits 9 and 13 is composed of a differentiation circuit 10 and a multiplication circuit 11, a differentiation circuit 14, and a multiplication circuit 15, similarly to the first addition value calculation circuit 5. However, temperature measurement time constants k 2 and k 3 are set in multiplication circuits 11 and 15, respectively. Note that 16 is a display connected to the output side of the third adder 12.
体温測定時において、感温プローブ１の温度Ｔ
〓０は測温抵抗体２の抵抗値変化として電気信号
に変換され、このプローブ温度信号は増巾器３を
介して第１の加算器４および第１の加算値算出回
路５の各々に供給される。微分回路６はこのプロ
ーブ温度信号を微分してその微分値dT〓0／dtを
乗算回路７に出力する。乗算回路７は、この微分
値dT〓0／dtに測温時定数k1を乗算し、その値
k1・dT〓0／dtを第１の加算値として第１の加算
器４に供給する。第１の加算器４は、この第１の
加算値と増巾器３からのプローブ温度Ｔ〓とを加
算して、その値
をＴ〓１として、これを第２の加算器８および第
２の加算値算出回路９に出力する。第２の加算値
算出回路９は、この出力Ｔ〓１より第２の加算値
k2・dT〓1／dtを算出してこれを第２の加算値と
して第２の加算器８に供給する。したがつて、第
２の加算器８からは
なる出力Ｔ〓２が出され、この出力Ｔ〓２はさら
に第３の加算器１２および第３の加算値算出回路
１３に供給される。第３の加算値算出回路１３は
前述と同様に出力Ｔ〓２より第３の加算値k3・
dT〓2／dtを算出してこれを第３の加算器１２に
出力する。これにより、第３の加算器１２の出力
Ｔ〓３は、
となり、この実施例では、この出力Ｔ〓３が被測
体温として表示器１６から表示される。この場
合、乗算回路７，１１および１５に設定されてい
る測温定数k1，k2およびk3はいずれも被測温体の
固有測温時定数ｋの２倍未満の値に選定されてい
るため、出力Ｔ〓３に関して誤差として働く部分
（ｋ１／ｋ−１）（ｋ２／ｋ−１）（ｋ３／ｋ−１）は
それらの乗算効
果によりきわめて小さな値に抑えられ、これによ
り例えば誤差範囲±0.1℃での高精度な体温測定
を短時間のうちに実現することができる。第２図
は、各出力Ｔ〓０〜Ｔ〓３にもとずくプローブ温
度曲線を示したもので、同図においてTmは感温
プローブ１の定常値温度すなわち被測体温であ
る。この図からも明らかなように、微分加算を多
数回繰返すことによつて、各々の温度曲線は立上
りが急峻でより理想的な指数関数曲線に近ずき測
定精度がより高められる。なお、ΔＱ＝（Tm−
Ta）であるから、感温プローブ１を予備加熱し
てプローブ初期温度Taを予めTmに近似させてお
くことにより、測定精度をより一層高めることが
できる。 When measuring body temperature, the temperature T of the temperature sensing probe 1
0 is converted into an electrical signal as a change in the resistance value of the resistance temperature detector 2, and this probe temperature signal is supplied to each of the first adder 4 and the first added value calculation circuit 5 via the amplifier 3. be done. The differentiation circuit 6 differentiates this probe temperature signal and outputs the differential value dT〓0/dt to the multiplication circuit 7. The multiplier circuit 7 multiplies this differential value dT〓0/dt by the temperature measurement time constant k1 , and calculates the value
k1 ·dT〓0/dt is supplied to the first adder 4 as the first addition value. The first adder 4 adds this first added value and the probe temperature T〓 from the amplifier 3, and the resulting value is is set as T〓1 and outputted to the second adder 8 and the second added value calculation circuit 9. The second added value calculation circuit 9 calculates the second added value from this output T〓1.
k2 ·dT〓1/dt is calculated and supplied to the second adder 8 as a second addition value. Therefore, from the second adder 8 An output T〓2 is outputted, and this output T〓2 is further supplied to the third adder 12 and the third added value calculation circuit 13. The third added value calculation circuit 13 calculates the third added value k 3 from the output T〓2 as described above.
dT〓2/dt is calculated and outputted to the third adder 12. As a result, the output T〓3 of the third adder 12 is In this embodiment, this output T<3> is displayed on the display 16 as the body temperature to be measured. In this case, the temperature measurement constants k 1 , k 2 , and k 3 set in the multiplier circuits 7, 11, and 15 are all selected to values less than twice the temperature measurement time constant k, which is unique to the object to be measured. Therefore, the part (k 1 /k-1) (k 2 /k-1) (k 3 /k-1) that acts as an error regarding the output T〓3 is suppressed to an extremely small value due to their multiplication effect, and this For example, highly accurate body temperature measurement within an error range of ±0.1°C can be achieved in a short time. FIG. 2 shows a probe temperature curve based on each of the outputs T0 to T3, where Tm is the steady-state temperature of the temperature-sensitive probe 1, that is, the body temperature to be measured. As is clear from this figure, by repeating the differential addition many times, each temperature curve approaches a more ideal exponential function curve with a steep rise, and the measurement accuracy is further improved. Note that ΔQ=(Tm−
Ta), the measurement accuracy can be further improved by preheating the temperature sensitive probe 1 to approximate the probe initial temperature Ta to Tm in advance.
上記した実施例の説明からも明らかなように、
この発明によれば、各乗算回路に設定される測温
時定数を被測温体の固有測温時定数の２倍未満の
値に選び、かつプローブ温度信号をｎ回微分加算
することにより、被測温体の固有測温時定数のバ
ラツキに起因する誤差をきわめて小さな値に抑え
込むことができ、したがつて、短時間での高精度
測温が可能となる。 As is clear from the description of the embodiments above,
According to this invention, by selecting the temperature measurement time constant set in each multiplier circuit to a value less than twice the temperature measurement time constant specific to the object to be measured, and by differentially adding the probe temperature signal n times, Errors caused by variations in the inherent temperature measurement time constant of the temperature-measuring object can be suppressed to an extremely small value, making it possible to measure temperature with high precision in a short time.
第１図はこの発明にかかる実施例のブロツク線
図、第２図は第１図の各部から出力されるプロー
ブ温度の特性曲線図である。
図中、１は感温プローブ、２は測温抵抗体、
４，８，１２は加算器、５，９，１３は加算値算
出回路、６，１０，１３は微分回路、７，１１，
１５は乗算回路、１６は表示器である。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a characteristic curve diagram of the probe temperature output from each part of FIG. 1. In the figure, 1 is a temperature-sensitive probe, 2 is a resistance temperature detector,
4, 8, 12 are adders, 5, 9, 13 are added value calculation circuits, 6, 10, 13 are differentiation circuits, 7, 11,
15 is a multiplication circuit, and 16 is a display.
Claims (1)
との間に複数の加算器を直列的に接続し、各加算
器には、その被加算入力に対する加算値を決定す
る加算値算出回路を接続してなる電子体温計であ
つて、前記各加算値算出回路は、それに関連する
加算器の被加算入力を微分する微分回路と、この
微分回路の出力に予め設定されている測温時定数
を乗算する乗算回路とからなり、前記測温時定数
は被測温体の固有測温時定数の２倍未満の値に選
定されていることを特徴とする電子体温計。1. A plurality of adders are connected in series between a temperature sensing probe with a built-in resistance temperature sensor and a display, and each adder is equipped with an addition value calculation circuit that determines the addition value for its addendum input. In the electronic thermometer, each of the added value calculation circuits includes a differentiating circuit that differentiates the augend input of the associated adder, and a temperature measurement time constant that is set in advance to the output of this differentiating circuit. 1. An electronic thermometer comprising a multiplication circuit for multiplication, wherein the temperature measurement time constant is selected to be less than twice the temperature measurement time constant specific to the body to be measured.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55180848A JPS57104830A (en) | 1980-12-20 | 1980-12-20 | Electron thermometer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55180848A JPS57104830A (en) | 1980-12-20 | 1980-12-20 | Electron thermometer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57104830A JPS57104830A (en) | 1982-06-30 |
| JPS6112213B2 true JPS6112213B2 (en) | 1986-04-07 |
Family
ID=16090410
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55180848A Granted JPS57104830A (en) | 1980-12-20 | 1980-12-20 | Electron thermometer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57104830A (en) |
-
1980
- 1980-12-20 JP JP55180848A patent/JPS57104830A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57104830A (en) | 1982-06-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6439768B1 (en) | Electronic thermometer and temperature prediction method therefor | |
| US4043196A (en) | Method and apparatus for effecting fluid flow measurement in a single sensor | |
| US5116136A (en) | Temperature measurements using thermistor elements | |
| CA1193471A (en) | Non-intrusive thermal power monitor and method | |
| CA1127738A (en) | Automatic temperature calibration of thermal analyzers | |
| US4276768A (en) | Relates to apparatus for measuring the dew point | |
| JPS59203931A (en) | Correcting method of fluid thermometer | |
| JPS5833490B2 (en) | temperature measuring device | |
| JPS6112213B2 (en) | ||
| US4008617A (en) | Electronic thermometer and method | |
| CN116007777B (en) | Electronic thermometer and body temperature measuring method | |
| JP3410562B2 (en) | Temperature / wind speed measurement device | |
| GB2084329A (en) | Electronic Thermometer | |
| JPS60169729A (en) | Calibrating method of temperature sensitive element and temperature measuring method using temperature sensitive element | |
| JP2964186B2 (en) | Thermal flow meter | |
| Engin et al. | Compensation of thermocouple nonlinearities with embedded system | |
| JPS5895230A (en) | Method and apparatus for electronic type temperature measurement | |
| SU958880A1 (en) | Method and device for measuring non-stationary heat flux | |
| JPS639829A (en) | Electronic clinical thermometer capable of short-time measurement | |
| JPS609711Y2 (en) | heat flow measuring device | |
| SU1458720A1 (en) | Device for measuring temperature | |
| RU2025675C1 (en) | Device for measuring temperature and temperature difference | |
| JPS6252249B2 (en) | ||
| JPH0238895B2 (en) | DENSHITAIONKEI | |
| US3177719A (en) | Means for indicating small changes in a physical or chemical condition |