JPS6118063B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

FIELD OF APPLICATION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for braking a power-driven vehicle during its forward movement. [Background of the Invention] In such vehicles, a prime mover is connected to an input shaft of a transmission, and this transmission, via its output shaft,
It is designed to power wheels that are in contact with the ground or track. More particularly, the present invention relates to a vehicle having a transmission that utilizes a series of planetary gear trains, each planetary gear train coupling an input shaft and an output shaft to obtain a desired potential relative speed difference. is configured to operate. Each planetary gear train has a reaction member and is provided with a fixed element capable of blocking the movement of this reaction member for a predetermined operation. The planetary gear train includes a forward planetary gear train and a reverse planetary gear train. When the reversing planetary gear train blocks the movement of its reaction member,
The output shaft is combined so that it can be rotated in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation during the scheduled operation of the forward planetary gear train. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for braking a vehicle equipped with a transmission of the type described above during its forward movement, the method comprising: a fixed element of a reverse planetary gear train; A method for braking a vehicle is obtained in which the reaction member performs a blocking operation in a sliding mode, that is, an intermittent blocking operation, so that torque in the direction of braking the vehicle is transmitted to the output shaft by a reverse gear train. The fixing element for the reversing planetary gear train may be forced to cool with fluid, at least during the blocking operation in sliding mode, i.e., the intermittent blocking operation. According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a braking device for a vehicle in the form of a transmission of the kind described above, comprising a fastening element for a reverse planetary gear train, the fastening element comprising a clutch; (i) When braking force is required while the vehicle is moving forward, the controller operates the clutch in a slip mode so that braking torque is generated on the output shaft of the transmission; (ii) When the vehicle is required to travel backwards, the output shaft is rotated in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation during the scheduled operation of the forward planetary gear train. Furthermore, there is provided a braking device for a vehicle, characterized in that it is configured to operate the clutch in a fully engaged state. In a first aspect of the braking device, a forced fluid cooling device for the clutch is configured to operate only while the clutch is operating at least in a slipping mode of engagement, i.e., in an intermittent engagement state. will be provided. In a second aspect of the braking system of the invention, when any one of the forward planetary gear trains is operative to connect the input shaft to the output shaft, the controller connects the clutch in a sliding mode, i.e. It is designed to operate in an intermittent connection state. In a third aspect of the braking system of the invention, the controller connects the clutch in a sliding mode or intermittently only when the forward planetary gear train is not operating to connect the input shaft to the output shaft. It is designed to operate under certain conditions. In a fourth aspect of the braking system of the invention, a regulator is provided which places the transmission in a neutral position the first time it is actuated and places the clutch in a slip mode the next time the regulator is actuated. The device is designed to operate in an intermittent connection state. In a fifth aspect of the braking device of the invention, a regulator is provided which, when actuated, operates the clutch in a sliding mode of engagement, i.e. in intermittent engagement, and which operates the clutch in a sliding mode of engagement, i.e. in intermittent engagement. One of the latter fastening elements is adapted to prevent movement of the reaction member. In a sixth aspect of the braking device of the present invention, a regulator is provided, and when the regulator operates for the first time, the transmission is engaged in a gear other than the reverse planetary gear train or the lowest speed forward planetary gear train. If the transmission is currently in a planetary gear train, it will cause the gear train to switch to a lower speed planetary gear train (i.e., to change the speed of the output shaft to a direction where the rotation speed of the output shaft decreases compared to the rotation speed of the input shaft). The regulator is configured such that the clutch is operated in a slip mode connection when the regulator is operated. [Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Power from the diesel engine is supplied to the input shaft 11. An intermediate shaft 12 is connected to the input shaft 11 via a fluid coupling 13. A flange 15 for connecting a drive shaft connected to the rear wheels of the vehicle via a differential gear is fixed to the output shaft 14 with a stop wedge. In order to be able to change the rotational speed of the output shaft 14 with respect to the rotational speed of the input shaft 11,
The shafts 12, 14 can be interconnected by R with the planetary gear trains 1-4. Selection of an appropriate speed is achieved by using compressed air operated band brakes 16-19 and a clutch 20 (in the case of reverse, clutch 21 and reverse planetary gear train R) in combination with forward planetary gear trains 1-4, respectively. This can be done by the following actions. Assuming that a low speed forward gear (1st speed) is obtained by the operation of the forward planetary gear train 1, and a highest speed forward gear (5th speed) is obtained by the planetary gear train 4, the operation of important brakes or clutches is as follows. It is indicated by E as follows.

[Table] Retraction Clutch 21 is made by combining sintered carbon plates A and B. Plate A is held in a clutch member 22 which is movable by a hydraulically actuated ram. Plate B is locked to the reaction member 24 of the reverse planetary gear train R. Pushing the ram 23 hard enough closes the gap between plates A and B, fixing the reaction member 24 to the member 22 of the clutch. The output shaft 14 is thereby rotated by the transmission from the fluid coupling 13 via the sun gear 25. The direction of this rotation is determined by the planetary gear 26, sun gear 27, and carrier 28.
is determined by the connection between the planetary gear 29 and the sun gear 25. Braking It is also possible to operate the clutch 21 in another mode in order to be able to apply a braking-oriented torque to the output shaft 14, that is to say to apply a brake. In this mode, the reaction member 24
is not fully fixed and the reaction member 24 is insufficiently fixed and its movement is prevented in sliding mode. That is, the reaction member 24 is fixed intermittently and its movement is controlled. In other words, clutch 2
1 is operated in a state of connection in sliding mode, ie intermittent connection. Oil is continuously flowed from the duct 30 through the clutch 21 in order to cool the clutch plates A, B. The oil exits the duct 30 and flows across the clutch plates A, B into the clutch and then through the annular chamber 31 and into the gearbox oil sump 32. The oil is then sucked out from this oil pan 32 by a pump and returned to the duct 30 through the oil cooler. A low pressure oil pump is sufficient for this purpose. Separate high pressure equipment is provided for control and other purposes. A control for actuating the clutch 21 in the slip mode engagement is regulated by the vehicle's foot brake pedal. The pressure regulating valve is ram 23
Adjust the fluid pressure applied. The position of this valve is controlled by a cam actuated from brake pedal movement by a slave-master hydraulic ram. This cam makes it possible to harmonize the relationship between pedal stroke distance and oil pressure in such a way that the operation of the braking device is effectively integrated into the vehicle's braking system. During the first part of the brake pedal travel only varying pressure is applied to the ram 23. Since this response time is short, the braking device can be used quickly. Further depression of the brake pedal applies the main brake of the vehicle. As the brakes are applied further, the braking system becomes active, but the braking system is adapted so as not to impair the stability of the vehicle. In normal use, there are three types of gearbox operation for braking. In the first operation, upon first application of the brake pedal, the gears are brought into neutral before the clutch 21 is actuated in the slip mode engagement. In the second operation, the gears are in the neutral position and upon depression of the brake pedal the clutch 21 immediately enters operation in the slip mode engagement. In the third action, by pressing the brake pedal, the transmission is automatically downshifted by one gear (if possible) before the clutch 21 enters operation in the sliding mode of engagement. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the main parts of a transmission for a road vehicle, and FIG. 2 is a detailed sectional view of the transmission shown in FIG. 1, 2, 3, 4...Forward planetary gear train, R...Reverse planetary gear train, 11...Input shaft, 14...Output shaft, 16-19...Band brake, 20,21
...Clutch, 24...Reaction member, 30...Duct.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A transmission using a series of planetary gear trains, each planetary gear train being coupled to an input shaft and an output shaft so as to produce a desired potential relative speed difference, a reaction member and a fixed element capable of blocking movement of the reaction member for a scheduled operation, said series of planetary gears including a forward planetary gear train as well as a reverse planetary gear train; The reverse planetary gear train is equipped with a transmission configured to rotate an output shaft in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the forward planetary gear train during the scheduled operation when the blocking operation is performed. In a method of braking a vehicle in forward motion, the fixed element for the reverse planetary gear train is provided with a blocking action in the sliding mode of the reaction member, i.e. intermittent, so that a braking torque is applied to the output shaft by the reverse planetary gear train. A vehicle braking method characterized by performing a blocking action. 2. In the method according to claim 1, the fixing element for the backward planetary gear train is forced to circulate at least during the blocking operation in the sliding mode, that is, the intermittent blocking operation. A method characterized in that the cooling is performed by a fluid that is cooled. 3 A vehicle braking device for braking a moving vehicle, which is a transmission using a series of planetary gear trains, each planetary gear train providing a desired potential relative velocity difference between an input shaft and an output shaft. the series of planetary gears has a forward movement, a reaction member and an associated fixed element capable of inhibiting movement of the reaction member for a scheduled operation; The planetary gear train also includes a backward planetary gear train, and when the blocking operation is performed, the backward planetary gear train rotates the output shaft in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the forward planetary gear train at the time of the scheduled operation. The stationary element for the reverse planetary gear train comprises a clutch and a controller for the clutch, which controller is configured to: (i) apply braking force during forward movement of the vehicle; (ii) when required, the clutch is operated in a slipping mode or intermittently engaged so as to produce a braking torque on the output shaft of the transmission; (ii) when reversing of the vehicle is required; , wherein the clutch is configured to operate in a fully engaged state so as to rotate the output shaft in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation during the scheduled operation of the forward planetary gear train. Braking device. 4. A braking device according to claim 3, in which the forced fluid is configured to operate at least while the clutch is operating in a sliding mode of engagement, i.e., in an intermittent engagement state. A braking device characterized in that the clutch has a cooling device. 5. In the braking device according to claim 3, when any one of the forward planetary gear trains is performing the scheduled operation of connecting the input shaft to the output shaft, A braking device, characterized in that it is configured to operate the clutch in a sliding mode of engagement, ie in an intermittent engagement state. 6. In the braking device according to claim 3, the controller connects the clutch in the slip mode only when the forward planetary gear train is not performing the scheduled operation of connecting the input shaft to the output shaft. That is, a braking device characterized in that it is configured to operate in a state of intermittent connection. 7. In the braking device according to claim 3, the transmission is provided with an adjustment device, and the first operation of the adjustment device places the transmission in a neutral position, and the next operation of the adjustment device puts the transmission in a neutral position. Braking device, characterized in that the regulator is configured to operate the clutch in a slipping mode of engagement, ie in an intermittent engagement state. 8. In the braking device according to claim 3, the transmission is provided with an adjuster, and when the adjuster operates, the clutch is operated in a sliding mode of engagement, that is, in an intermittent engagement state. , a braking device characterized in that the regulator is configured such that one fixed element of the forward planetary gear train acts to prevent movement of the reaction member. 9. In the braking device according to claim 3, the transmission is provided with an adjustment device, and when the adjustment device first operates, the transmission is set to the backward planetary gear train or the lowest speed planetary gear at that time. When not engaged, the transmission switches from the currently engaged planetary gear train to a lower speed planetary gear train (i.e., in a direction that reduces the output shaft speed compared to the input shaft speed). braking device, characterized in that the adjuster is configured such that a subsequent operation of the adjuster causes the clutch to operate in a slipping mode of engagement, i.e., in an intermittent engagement state.