JPS6124550B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6124550B2 JPS6124550B2 JP53080996A JP8099678A JPS6124550B2 JP S6124550 B2 JPS6124550 B2 JP S6124550B2 JP 53080996 A JP53080996 A JP 53080996A JP 8099678 A JP8099678 A JP 8099678A JP S6124550 B2 JPS6124550 B2 JP S6124550B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water sealing
- gap
- water
- runner
- sealing device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
- Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の利用分野〕
本発明は水力機械の封水装置に係わり、特にポ
ンプまたはポンプ水車のランナの封水装置に関す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a water sealing device for a hydraulic machine, and more particularly to a water sealing device for a runner of a pump or a pump-turbine.
（発明の背景〕
水車またはポンプ水車の構造について、第１図
において説明する。ランナ１は主軸２に連結され
ており、発電運転時には図示しないケーシング、
スピードリング３、ガイドベーン４を経て流入す
る圧力水により回転させられ、この回転を主軸２
に伝えて発電機を駆動して発電する。(Background of the Invention) The structure of a water turbine or a pump-turbine will be explained with reference to Fig. 1.A runner 1 is connected to a main shaft 2, and during power generation operation, a casing (not shown),
It is rotated by pressure water flowing in through the speed ring 3 and guide vane 4, and this rotation is transmitted to the main shaft 2.
to drive the generator and generate electricity.
一方ポンプ水車の場合は、これとは逆に発電機
を電動機として使用し、電動機よりの動力により
主軸２を発電運転とは逆に回転させて、ランナ１
により水を揚水する。 On the other hand, in the case of a pump water turbine, on the contrary, a generator is used as an electric motor, and the power from the electric motor rotates the main shaft 2 in the opposite direction to the generation operation, and the runner 1
The water is pumped by
上カバー５および下カバー６は、ランナ１の外
周部の圧力水を保持すると共に、ガイドベーン４
などその他の機構が取付けられる。ランナ１に
は、圧力水の漏れ量をできるだけ少なくし、効率
を向上させる目的で、ランナ１のクラウン７、シ
ユラウド８に封水部９および封水部１０がそれぞ
れ設けられる。この封水部９，１０は、クラウン
７およびシユラウド８のシールリング１１，１２
ならびに上カバー５と下カバー６のシールリング
１３，１４とで形成される間隙Ｇ１とＧ２とから
形成される。一般にこのＧ１，Ｇ２は数mmの狭い
間隙に形成されており、この部分から圧力水の漏
れを減少させ、効率の向上が図られている。 The upper cover 5 and the lower cover 6 hold the pressure water around the outer circumference of the runner 1, and also hold the guide vane 4.
and other mechanisms are attached. The runner 1 is provided with a water sealing section 9 and a water sealing section 10 on the crown 7 and shroud 8 of the runner 1, respectively, for the purpose of minimizing the amount of leakage of pressure water and improving efficiency. These water sealing parts 9 and 10 include seal rings 11 and 12 of the crown 7 and the shroud 8.
Also, gaps G1 and G2 are formed between the seal rings 13 and 14 of the upper cover 5 and the lower cover 6. Generally, G1 and G2 are formed in narrow gaps of several millimeters to reduce leakage of pressure water from these parts and improve efficiency.
近年、この効率向上の要求が高まると共に、ポ
ンプ水車においては、発電所建設の経済化の要求
から、高落差の傾向にある。このため、封水部の
間隙は運転の安全性の確保される範囲で小さくす
ると共に封水部の段数を増やす傾向にある。例え
ば封水部の段数は二段から、落差が高いポンプ水
車などでは四段の場合さえある。 In recent years, as the demand for improved efficiency has increased, there has been a trend toward higher heads for pump-turbine turbines due to the demand for economical construction of power plants. For this reason, there is a tendency to reduce the gap between the water sealing parts within a range that ensures operational safety and to increase the number of stages in the water sealing parts. For example, the number of stages in the water sealing section ranges from two to four in pump turbines with high heads.
このように、封水部の間隙が狭くなり、かつ段
数が増えると、封水部の点検が発電所の稼動率の
向上や運転保守上重要な問題となつてくる。特
に、封水部の回転側であるクラウン側シールリン
グ１１並びにシユラウド側シールリング１２と、
固定側の上カバー側シールリング１３並びに下カ
バー側シールリング１４との運転過渡状態におけ
る接触事故や、シールリング自身の摩耗状態の監
視が発電所を安全に運転するための重要な点検項
目となつている。 As described above, as the gap between the water seals becomes narrower and the number of stages increases, inspection of the water seal becomes an important issue in terms of improving the operating rate and operation and maintenance of power plants. In particular, the crown side seal ring 11 and the shroud side seal ring 12, which are the rotating side of the water sealing part,
Monitoring contact accidents with the fixed side upper cover side seal ring 13 and lower cover side seal ring 14 during transient operating conditions and the wear condition of the seal rings themselves are important inspection items for safe operation of the power plant. ing.
次に第２図においてさらに従来の封水装置につ
いて詳説する。二段目の封水部は、シユラウド１
２のシール面１５と、下カバー６のシール面１６
とから形成される。第一段の封水部は、シユラウ
ド１２のシール面１７と、下カバー６のシール面
１８とで形成される。従来の封水装置は、二段目
の封水部の間隙Ｇ３と一段目の封水部の間隙Ｇ４
とが形成されていた。従つて、間隙Ｇ３，Ｇ４を
通過する圧力水は、いずれのシール部において
も、ほぼ同じ条件となる。この結果、各シール部
のシール面には、圧力水の影響によつて生ずるキ
ヤビテーシヨンに伴う潰触、または異物の混入し
た圧力水の通過に伴つて生ずる摩耗等が略々不特
定に（偏よりなく）発生する。しかも、間隙Ｇ３
と間隙Ｇ４とのギヤツプ量が同じであるため、一
段目と二段目との封水部における固定側と回転側
との接触による損傷が、同じように生じるおそれ
があつた。そこで、水車の運転を安定に維持する
ためには、封水部に摩耗や損傷等が生じているか
否かを各封水部について同時に点検、確認し、監
視する必要があつた。このことは封水部の段数が
さらに多い場合も同様であり、最近の高落差ポン
プ水車等に見られるように、封水部の段数が三
段、四段等に増加してくるとシール部間隙の点検
ならびに監視箇所が大巾に増え、また技術的にも
間隙の点検が非常に困難となつてくる。 Next, referring to FIG. 2, a conventional water sealing device will be further explained in detail. The second stage water sealing part is shroud 1
2 sealing surface 15 and lower cover 6 sealing surface 16
It is formed from. The first stage water sealing portion is formed by a sealing surface 17 of the shroud 12 and a sealing surface 18 of the lower cover 6. The conventional water sealing device has a gap G3 between the second stage water sealing part and a gap G4 between the first stage water sealing part.
was formed. Therefore, the pressure water passing through the gaps G3 and G4 is under substantially the same conditions in both seal portions. As a result, the seal surface of each seal part suffers from cavitation caused by the influence of pressure water, wear caused by passage of pressure water contaminated with foreign matter, etc. without) occurs. Moreover, the gap G3
Since the gap amount between the gap G4 and the gap G4 is the same, there is a possibility that damage due to contact between the fixed side and the rotating side in the water sealing portions of the first stage and the second stage may occur in the same way. Therefore, in order to maintain stable operation of the water turbine, it is necessary to simultaneously inspect, confirm, and monitor each water sealing part to see if there is any wear or damage on the water sealing part. This also applies when the number of stages in the water sealing section increases, and as seen in recent high-head pump turbines, when the number of stages in the water sealing section increases to three or four stages, the sealing section The number of gaps to be inspected and monitored will increase dramatically, and inspection of gaps will become extremely difficult technically.
本発明は、前記従来の水力機械の封水装置の欠
点を排除するためになされたもので、複数段の封
水部を有する水力機械の封水装置において、点検
ならびに監視が容易な封水装置を提供することを
目的とする。
The present invention was made in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional water sealing device for a hydraulic machine, and is a water sealing device that is easy to inspect and monitor in a water sealing device for a hydraulic machine having a plurality of sealing sections. The purpose is to provide
この目的を達成するために、本発明は、回転体
のランナと固定部とを微少の間隙を設けて多段に
形成した水力機械の封水装置において、上記間隙
中、最内周側の間隙を最も小さく形成するととも
に、クラウン側は上カバーに、また、シユラウド
側はランナに前記最内周側間隙のギヤツプ量測定
用の測定具挿入孔と、通常時にこの測定具挿入孔
を閉塞している着脱自在な閉塞部材とを設けたも
のである。
In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a water sealing device for a hydraulic machine in which a runner of a rotating body and a fixed part are formed in multiple stages with minute gaps. In addition to forming the smallest size, there is a measuring tool insertion hole in the upper cover on the crown side and in the runner on the shroud side for measuring the gap amount of the gap on the innermost circumferential side, and this measuring tool insertion hole is normally closed. A removable closing member is provided.
以下、本発明にかかわる水力機械の封水装置の
好ましい実施例を、添付図面中第３図乃至第５図
に従つて詳述する。
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the water sealing device for hydraulic machinery according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5 of the accompanying drawings.
実施例では、前記従来の封水装置の部材と同一
の部材もしくは類似の部材については第１図なら
びに第２図で用いた番号と同一の番号で示してあ
る。第３図及び第４図はシユラウド側の封水部を
示し、第３図において、二段目の封水部の間隙Ｇ
５は、一段目の封水部の間隙Ｇ４よりやや広く設
定されている。このような間隙から漏れ量Ｑは封
水部の長さをＬとすると、一般に次の関係にあ
る。 In the embodiment, members that are the same as or similar to those of the conventional water sealing device are indicated by the same numbers as used in FIGS. 1 and 2. Figures 3 and 4 show the water sealing part on the shroud side. In Figure 3, the gap G of the second stage water sealing part is shown.
5 is set slightly wider than the gap G4 of the first stage water sealing part. The amount of leakage Q from such a gap generally has the following relationship, where L is the length of the water sealing part.
Ｑ∝Ｇ３／Ｌ
すなわち、漏れ量Ｑは間隙の３乗に比例し、長
さＬに反比例する。従つて、第２図で示した封水
装置と第３図で示した封水装置とにおいて、両者
の漏れ量が等しくなるためには、
L2＝L1（Ｇ５／Ｇ３）３
のごとく設定すればよい。 Q∝G 3 /L That is, the leakage amount Q is proportional to the cube of the gap and inversely proportional to the length L. Therefore, in order to equalize the amount of leakage between the water sealing device shown in Fig. 2 and the water sealing device shown in Fig. 3, it is necessary to set L2 = L1 (G5 / G3) 3 . good.
一般に第二段目の封水部のG5＝（G4＋0.1mm）
程度に設定するので、L2はL1に比べてそれほど
長くはならない。封水部の段数が三段、四段等と
増える場合には、それらの封水部の間隙は二段目
の封水部の間隙Ｇ５と等しい間隙とする。すなわ
ち、一段目の封水部の間隙Ｇ４よりは、他の封水
部の間隙はすべてにおいて広くなるように設定
し、点検ならびに監視するのは常に一段目の封水
部の間隙Ｇ４のみとし、その他の封水部は点検し
なくてもよいようにすることができる。 Generally, G5 of the second stage water sealing section = (G4 + 0.1mm)
L2 is not much longer than L1. When the number of stages of water sealing parts increases to three, four, etc., the gap between these water sealing parts is made equal to the gap G5 of the second stage water sealing part. That is, all the gaps in the other water sealing parts are set to be wider than the gap G4 in the first stage water sealing part, and only the gap G4 in the first stage water sealing part is always inspected and monitored. Other water-sealing parts may not need to be inspected.
即ち、最内周側である一段目の封水部の間隙Ｇ
４は、他の封水部の間隙よりギヤツプ量が小さい
ため、間隙Ｇ４を通過する圧力水の速度が他の封
水部（二段目，三段目等）より大きい。このた
め、一段目のシール面が受ける圧力水に混入した
異物による衝撃も、他のシール面より大きくな
り、一段目の封水部の摩耗等は、他の封水部より
速く進行する。しかも、固定側と回転側との接触
による封水部の損傷が生ずるとすると、もつとも
ギヤツプ量の小さい間隙Ｇ４においてである。従
つて、水車の安定な運転を維持するためには、間
隙Ｇ４を監視、点検すればよく、他の封水部の間
隙を測定しなくとも、運転上の不都合を生じな
い。 In other words, the gap G in the first stage water sealing part on the innermost circumferential side
4 has a smaller gap than the gaps of other water sealing parts, so the speed of the pressure water passing through the gap G4 is higher than that of other water sealing parts (second stage, third stage, etc.). For this reason, the impact caused by foreign matter mixed in the pressure water that the first-stage sealing surface receives is also greater than that of other sealing surfaces, and wear and the like of the first-stage sealing portion progresses faster than the other sealing portions. Furthermore, if the water sealing portion is damaged due to contact between the stationary side and the rotating side, it is at least in the gap G4 where the gap amount is small. Therefore, in order to maintain stable operation of the water turbine, it is sufficient to monitor and inspect the gap G4, and there is no need to measure the gaps in other water sealing parts without causing any operational inconvenience.
第一段の間隙Ｇ４の測定は、第４図に示すよう
にランナ１に形成した測定具挿入孔である孔２１
を通常は閉塞している盲プラグ２０を取りはず
し、孔２１にマイクロメータ等を挿入して測定す
ることができる。また、通常、孔２１は盲プラグ
２０により閉塞されているため、水車の運転上の
不都合を生じない。 The first stage gap G4 is measured using a hole 21, which is a measuring tool insertion hole formed in the runner 1, as shown in FIG.
can be measured by removing the blind plug 20 that normally closes the hole 21 and inserting a micrometer or the like into the hole 21. Further, since the hole 21 is normally closed by the blind plug 20, no inconvenience occurs in the operation of the water turbine.
クラウン側の封水部の点検は、第５図に示すよ
うに通常は上カバー５に取付けられた蓋２２を取
外し、測定具挿入孔である孔２４にギヤツプゲー
ジを挿入して間隙Ｇ１０を測定する。測定後は蓋
２２を取付け孔２４を閉塞する。測定箇所は、90
゜ピツチの最低２箇所とする。 To inspect the water sealing part on the crown side, as shown in Fig. 5, normally remove the lid 22 attached to the upper cover 5, insert a gap gauge into the hole 24 which is the measuring tool insertion hole, and measure the gap G10. . After the measurement, the mounting hole 24 is closed with the lid 22. Measurement points are 90
At least 2 locations with ゜pitch.
なお、封水部のキヤビテーシヨンは間隙が大き
いほど発生しにくいので、キヤビテーシヨンにつ
いても、点検される封水部のキヤビテーシヨンだ
けを監視すればよく、従来の水力機械の封水装置
のようにすべての封水部を監視する必要はない。 Cavitation in the water sealing part is less likely to occur as the gap is larger, so it is only necessary to monitor cavitation in the water sealing part being inspected, and all seals should be monitored like the water sealing devices of conventional hydraulic machines. There is no need to monitor the water area.
以上説明したように、本発明に係わる水力機械
の封水装置によれば、最小間隙で形成された封水
部のみの点検でたりるので、封水部の点検が非常
に簡単になり、点検保守の工数が大巾に短縮でき
ると共に、封水部自体の信頼性が著しく向上す
る。
As explained above, according to the water sealing device for hydraulic machinery according to the present invention, only the water sealing part formed with the minimum gap can be inspected, so the inspection of the water sealing part is very simple. The number of maintenance steps can be greatly reduced, and the reliability of the water sealing section itself is significantly improved.
第１図は水力機械の封水装置の構造を示す断面
図、第２図は従来の水力機械の封水装置の説明
図、第３図は本発明に係わる水力機械の封水装置
の実施例の説明図、第４図は本発明に係わる実施
例でシユラウド側シールリングと下カバーとの封
水部の測定方法を示す説明図、第５図は本発明に
係わる実施例を説明するための図面で上カバーと
クラウン側シールリングとの封水部の測定方法を
示す図面である。
１……ランナ、５……上カバー、６……下カバ
ー、７……クラウン、８……シユラウド、９……
封水部、１１〜１４……シールリング、１５〜１
８……シール面、２０……盲プラグ、２１……
孔、２２……蓋、２４……孔。
Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing the structure of a water sealing device for a hydraulic machine, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional water sealing device for a hydraulic machine, and Fig. 3 is an embodiment of a water sealing device for a hydraulic machine according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of measuring the water sealing portion between the shroud side seal ring and the lower cover in an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a drawing showing a method of measuring a water sealing portion between an upper cover and a crown-side seal ring. 1...Runner, 5...Upper cover, 6...Lower cover, 7...Crown, 8...Shroud, 9...
Water sealing part, 11-14... Seal ring, 15-1
8... Seal surface, 20... Blind plug, 21...
Hole, 22...lid, 24...hole.
Claims (1)
けて多段に形成した水力機械の封水装置におい
て、上記間隙中、最内周側の間隙を最も小さく形
成するとともに、クラウン側は上カバーに、ま
た、シユラウド側はランナに前記最内周側間隙の
ギヤツプ量測定用の測定具挿入孔と、通常時にこ
の測定具挿入孔を閉塞している着脱自在な閉塞部
材とを夫々設けたことを特徴とする水力機械の封
水装置。1. In a water sealing device for a hydraulic machine in which the runner of a rotating body and a fixed part are formed in multiple stages with minute gaps, the gap on the innermost side is formed to be the smallest among the gaps, and the crown side is formed with an upper cover. Furthermore, on the shroud side, the runner is provided with a measuring tool insertion hole for measuring the gap amount of the innermost circumferential gap, and a removable closing member that normally closes this measuring tool insertion hole. A water sealing device for hydraulic machinery featuring:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8099678A JPS5510006A (en) | 1978-07-05 | 1978-07-05 | Water-seal device for hydraulic machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8099678A JPS5510006A (en) | 1978-07-05 | 1978-07-05 | Water-seal device for hydraulic machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5510006A JPS5510006A (en) | 1980-01-24 |
| JPS6124550B2 true JPS6124550B2 (en) | 1986-06-11 |
Family
ID=13734092
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8099678A Granted JPS5510006A (en) | 1978-07-05 | 1978-07-05 | Water-seal device for hydraulic machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5510006A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6360732U (en) * | 1986-10-10 | 1988-04-22 |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005038467A1 (en) * | 2005-08-13 | 2007-02-15 | Wasserkraft Volk Ag | Durchströmturbine with tangential impeller and with their ends each attached to a wheel bottom blades |
-
1978
- 1978-07-05 JP JP8099678A patent/JPS5510006A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6360732U (en) * | 1986-10-10 | 1988-04-22 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5510006A (en) | 1980-01-24 |
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