JPS6133975B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a rotary engine, and more particularly to a high-efficiency rotary engine that has a perfectly circular rotor, has little mechanical loss, and is energy-saving.

Conventional reciprocating engines have a large mechanical loss when the piston moves back and forth, producing unnecessary vibration and noise. Wankel-type rotary engines, which use a rotor instead of a piston, require precision machining in order for the rotor, which has a rounded triangular shape, to revolve around the housing, and it is necessary to maintain airtightness in the explosive area, which is exposed to high temperatures. Due to its necessity, it has the disadvantage of consuming a large amount of oil. Although a gas turbine engine can be used to reduce such mechanical loss, the gas turbine engine has drawbacks such as an extremely large engine volume and poor responsiveness. In particular, these drawbacks pose a major problem for automobile engines, which are required to be lightweight and compact, and are desired to have high output, high torque, low noise, and good response.

This invention was made in view of the above points,
The first purpose is to insert and fix a shaft into the center of a perfectly circular rotor, rotatably seal it in a housing, provide a compression groove around the rotor, and attach a shaft to the bottom of the compression groove. The compression groove is demarcated by a smoothly raised ridge, and an inlet leading from the housing to the compression groove is provided, and an elastic pressure welding mechanism is provided that is close to the inlet and can freely move in and out of the compression groove in the direction of gas compression. A pressure-welding piston is provided in the housing, and a high-pressure gas passage is provided in the housing that communicates the compression groove with the housing on the side opposite to the suction port of the pressure-welding piston. An explosion chamber is formed at the tip of the high-pressure gas passage, and the explosion chamber and high pressure It communicates with the gas passage through a non-returning part that has a non-returning effect, provides a vane part on the required peripheral surface of the rotor, provides a jet port in the explosion chamber in communication with the vane part, and maintains the airtightness of the explosion chamber. To provide a rotary engine having a perfectly circular rotor, in which a bladeless part of the perfectly circular rotor is in airtight sliding contact with an ejection port, and an exhaust port is provided around the rotor.

A second object of the present invention is to provide the rotary engine with compression grooves around the front and back surfaces of the rotor to form a two-system compression mechanism, and to extend the explosion chamber by 180 degrees in the rotational direction of the rotor. To provide a rotary engine having a perfectly circular rotor with two locations shifted in phase and each compression mechanism connected to each explosion chamber.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a rotary engine in which the check portion is a protuberance as a demarcation portion in a compression groove formed in the rotor.

Hereinafter, a diesel type rotary engine according to the present invention will be explained.

In FIG. 1, a shaft 12 is inserted and fixed in the center of a metal rotor 10 having a perfect circular shape. The rotor 10 is thin and has a thickness of about 1/5 of the rotor diameter, and is rotatably sealed in a housing 14. The housing 14 and the rotor 10 are connected to each other by using various sealing means such as a seal ring, an apex seal, etc. to allow the rotor 10 to rotate in an airtight manner.
It is formed so that it can slide freely. Rotor 10
A compression groove 16 is provided around the front surface of the shaft 12 concentrically with the shaft 12. The compression groove 16 has a rectangular cross section,
The compression groove 16 forms a seal around the circumference of the compressed groove 16.
A part of the compression groove 16 is raised smoothly forward.
A ridge 18 is formed to demarcate the area. This raised part 1
The upper surface of the rotor 8 is flush with the plane of the rotor 10, and an apex seal 20 is embedded in the edge thereof. An intake port 22 is formed diagonally upward to the left of the housing 14 at a direction of 45 degrees from the horizontal plane. The intake port 22 has a compression groove 16 on the front side of the housing 14.
A hole is formed to communicate with the inside, and the end thereof extends to the upper left. A hole 24 is bored in the housing slightly above and to the right of the communication point to the compression groove 16, and a pressure welding piston as a partition valve is elastically pressed into the hole by a spring 26 so as to be able to move in and out of the compression groove 16. Insert 28. Pressure piston 2
8 has an arcuate shape whose outer and inner circumferential sides are in sliding contact with the circumference of the compression groove 16. A small-diameter high-pressure gas passage 30 communicating from the compression groove 16 to the housing 14 is provided at the top right of the pressure piston 28 in the drawing. The high-pressure gas passage 30 extends toward the outer circumference of the rotor 10 in the housing 14 and communicates with an explosion chamber 32 formed at the upper right portion of the housing 14 . The explosion chamber 32 is long in the left-right direction, and is provided with an ejection port 34 that communicates with the rotor 10 in a tangential direction tangent to the circumference of the rotor 10 from the right.The explosion chamber 32 has a fuel injection device 36 that communicates with the outside of the housing 14. will be established. The high pressure gas passage 30 and the explosion chamber 32 are communicated via check valves 38a and 38b. This check valve 3
The check valve 8a prevents the high pressure gas from returning to the compression groove, and the check valve 38b prevents the flame from returning from the explosion chamber 32 to the high pressure gas passage. A blade portion 40 is formed on the outer periphery of the rotor 10 to be a little less than 1/2 of the entire outer periphery of the rotor 10. The blade section 40 shown in the drawings consists of about 10 blades, and its outer peripheral edge is on the same circumferential surface as the rotor. Also,
The inner circumferential end of the blade is located on the outer circumferential side slightly apart from the outer circumferential end of the compression groove 16. Explosion chamber 32 of housing 14
A large exhaust port 42 that extends radially outward is bored in the lower left portion, which is symmetrical to the above.

Next, the operation of the rotary engine according to the present invention will be explained.

First, the rotor 10 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 1 using a starter motor. At this point, the left side portion of the compression groove 16 is connected to the compression piston 28.
Because the distance between the two is increasing, negative pressure is created, and a large amount of air is sucked in from the suction port. On the other hand, on the right side of the compression groove 16, the distance between the protrusion 18 of the air stopper and the pressure piston 28 gradually decreases, and the gas in the compression groove 16 is on the right side of the pressure piston 28. It passes through the passage 30 and is sent to the explosion chamber 32 through check valves 38a and 38b. Explosion chamber 32 with high pressure
Air leakage from the point of contact with the inner rotor 10 is prevented by the outer circumferential portion of the perfectly circular rotor being in airtight contact with the jet nozzle. Raised portion 18
rotates to the right side of the compression groove 16 and when compression is completed, all of the compressed air is sent to the high pressure gas passage 30, and the pressure piston 28 is pushed up smoothly by the raised portion 18 without compromising airtightness. . This raised portion 18 then closes the intake port 22,
In order to continue rotating further to the left, the compression groove 16
The left side portion of the piston 28 forms a compression chamber in which gas is hermetically sealed off. For this reason, high-pressure air at a gas pressure determined by the ratio of the volume of the explosion chamber 32 to the volume of the compression groove, for example, 5 to 50 atmospheres, is fed into the explosion chamber 32. In the explosion chamber 32, fuel is injected in a mist form from the fuel injection device 36 into the compressed air sent from the rotor 10, and the compressed air in the explosion chamber 32, which is compressed to high pressure and becomes high temperature, causes explosion and combustion. wake up The shock wave from this explosion chamber 32
4 to the rotor 10, it hits the blades of the blade part 40 formed on the outer periphery of the rotor 10, so a huge rotational energy is given to the blades, and each blade is filled with explosive exhaust gas, causing the rotor 1
After 0 rotates half a rotation, the expanded exhaust gas is released into the outside air from the large exhaust port 42. During an explosion in the explosion chamber, the air pressure in the compression groove 16 is low, so the check valves 38a and 38b act.
Furthermore, at the initial stage of the explosion when the pressure is highest, the raised portion blocks the high-pressure gas passage. The high-pressure air that is gradually compressed to high pressure in the next half-circle is supplied to the check valve 38.
a and 38b are opened to inject high pressure gas into the explosion chamber 32. In addition, since the pressure piston 28 is always in sliding contact with the compression groove 16 by the spring, the gas can be compressed with high efficiency. FIG. 2 shows the middle stage of the explosion stroke and the beginning of the compression stroke. Figure 3 shows the initial stage of exhaust gas discharge after completion of explosion and the middle stage of compression.
The figure shows the completion of compression. It is preferable that the compressed groove 16 of the rotor is double-sealed with the inner wall of the housing by a sealing means that is already well known in rotary engines.

To explain the function of a check valve in some detail, at the time of an explosion, the check valve closes due to the expansion pressure, and during this time, the high pressure air compressed in the compression groove,
Since pressure is gradually applied to the check valve 38a, the pressure of the spring blocks air inflow from the compression groove until a certain pressure is reached, and the high-pressure gas passage temporarily becomes an air reservoir. When the expansion pressure in the explosion chamber decreases, the check valve 38b opens, and at this time, high-pressure air flows in between the check valves 38a and 38b, preventing air from leaking before the check valve 38b, and maintaining a certain amount of high pressure. Air is pumped into the explosion chamber.

The check valves 38a and 38b allow the explosive gas to be compressed into the groove 16.
It is sufficient to have a check mechanism to prevent backflow into the tank, and there is no need to use a check valve having the structure shown in FIG. For example, it is also possible to use an on-off valve using a camshaft or the like used in a gasoline engine, and the illustrated spring can also be provided externally. In addition, as will be described later, the rotor itself can prevent gas from flowing back into the compression groove.

In this way, the rotary engine according to the above invention receives power from the impact pressure and expansion pressure of combustion gas caused by combustion explosion at the outermost periphery of the perfect circular rotor, and can perform the exhaust process completely centrifugally. It has extremely high efficiency, high speed rotation, and can generate high torque. Since the rotation of the perfect circular rotor itself is used to perform the intake and compression processes in the same rotor's internal grooves, each cycle can be linked in a well-timed manner. In addition,
Compared to conventional engines, the perfectly circular rotor rotates around the center while maintaining rotational balance, so there is extremely little vibration and noise, and high-speed rotation is also possible. The only thing that needs to be brought into close contact with the outer periphery of the rotor is the injection port for the expanding gas in the combustion chamber, which reduces friction and mechanical loss.
Since there is less need for close contact with the outer periphery of the rotor, seizure phenomena within the engine are less likely to occur, and lubricant oil consumption can be minimized. Since the rotor is a perfect circle, the number of parts is small, and machining precision of the housing etc. is not required, making manufacturing, assembly, inspection, etc. easy and low cost. In addition, since the engine is thin and lightweight, it can exhibit an extremely large energy saving effect when loaded into a car or the like. That is, by making the engine thinner and smaller, it becomes easier to make the hood longer and the vehicle body more streamlined, resulting in a lighter vehicle body and better acceleration and responsiveness. In addition, energy conservation is achieved by reducing mechanical loss due to noise, vibration, etc., and an engine with a long life can be constructed. Furthermore, since the outermost periphery of the rotor can be used for torque, the highest torque can be generated among engines of the same volume, and the blades can be easily reinforced. Since the explosion combustion chamber and the intake air compression part are separate structures, the design of the air pressure can be easily changed, and dieselization is easy. The blade portion and the explosion chamber can be formed not only on the outer periphery but also slightly on the inner periphery of the rotor, and conversely, it is also easy to form compression grooves on the outer periphery of the rotor.

Next, a second aspect of the invention will be described, which is a rotary engine that can achieve even quieter rotation by providing a pair of the above-mentioned engine mechanisms in a single rotor and housing.

In FIG. 6, the rotor 10 is
A compression groove 16 is formed on the front side of the housing 14, and an intake port 22, a first explosion chamber 44, and an exhaust port 42 are formed in the upper part of the housing 14, and a first explosion chamber 44 and an exhaust port 42 are formed in the lower part of the housing 14 relative to the center of the rotor. A point-symmetrical second explosion chamber 46 is formed, and the high pressure gas passage 30 is communicated with the second compression groove provided on the rear surface of the rotor 10 . These second compression mechanisms, explosion mechanisms, and exhaust mechanisms are connected to the first mechanisms and the ridges 18, 1 relative to the center of the rotor.
Except for 8, they are provided point-symmetrically.

For this reason, compression, explosion, and exhaust occur once every half rotation of the rotor 10, which not only rotates the rotor more smoothly, but also produces twice the output of an explosion chamber with the same weight as a single-chamber rotary engine. , or can be generated by an engine that becomes slightly lighter.

Furthermore, a third invention will be described in which the non-return mechanism is extremely simplified.

In the rotary engine shown in FIG. 7, a pair of engine mechanisms are arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the center of the rotor, excluding the protuberances. The raised portion has a larger arc angle of 90 to 120 degrees than in the embodiments of the invention described above.
The blade portions 40 are formed on the outer periphery of the rotor in the extending direction of this arcuate angle, that is, within the angle where the raised portion 18 exists. Further, an apex seal 20 parallel to the edge of the compression groove 16 is provided near the compression groove 16 at the top of the raised portion 40 in the figure, and the end of this apex seal 20 is connected to the compression groove on the surface of the rotor 10. A seal portion is formed to surround the. For this sealing part, the sealing means used in the Wankel type rotary engine can be used as is, and since there is no revolution of the rotor, complete sealing can be easily achieved. Since the ridges 18 formed in the compression grooves of the rotor 10 span a wide angle, the rotor-side opening of the high-pressure gas passage 30 is blocked by the ridges 18 during the explosion in the explosion chamber and the subsequent expansion of exhaust gas into the rotor blades. This prevents any backflow of exhaust gas into the compression groove. Note that this type of rotary engine has a large degree of freedom in intake. This is because it is easy to increase the size of the intake port, which is impossible in a gasoline engine due to the presence of the intake valve, and it is possible to form a large-area intake port within the range of the protrusion of the rotor. Within this range, airtightness between the intake port and the compression section can be maintained. The exhaust port can also be made larger without being obstructed by the exhaust valve, and the speed at which exhaust gas is diffused can be increased, allowing the rotor to rotate at high speed. In this way, in the third invention, the check part is formed by using the raised part as the demarcation part formed in the compression groove, and there is no need to separately provide a check valve or the like as the check part. There is no change in the fact that the check part is an essential component.

Each engine according to the present invention not only compresses air like a diesel engine, but also compresses a mixture like a gasoline engine, and employs an ignition system that uses spark plugs instead of fuel injection valves. It can also be a gasoline engine,
Optimal design of intake air amount, compression ratio, expansion ratio, etc. can be easily achieved by simple design changes of compression grooves, etc. The explosion can be carried out by simply injecting fuel or igniting the fuel at the same time as the blades on the outer circumference of the rotor 10 approach the injection port of the explosion chamber, making the timing adjustment simple. In addition, since the volume required for the vertical movement of the piston in a reciprocating engine and the internal space required for the rotation of the conrod crankshaft are not required, it is possible to create an extremely small, lightweight, and thin engine, and the rotor itself flies. Since it also has a wheel effect, there is no need to provide a separate flywheel, and the engine has excellent responsiveness, and since it is not a reciprocating engine, there is extremely little vibration. The noise caused by the explosion after high compression, which normal diesel engines have, can be reduced by lowering the volume of the combustion chamber and creating multiple explosion chambers, and by freely designing the compression ratio. Cleaning of exhaust gas is easy because settings can be made. Furthermore, since the intake and compression strokes are carried out in locations separate from the high-temperature combustion chamber, there is no loss due to oil combustion in the highly sealed high-temperature sliding parts, resulting in less oil consumption. In addition, the intake port can be constructed with a large diameter, so there is no air or fuel shortage even during high speed rotation.
No power shortage due to incomplete combustion. Because it is small and lightweight, it can be mounted on a car and achieve extremely high fuel efficiency, resulting in a significant energy-saving effect. Unlike piston engines, which have a large sliding area, there is no need for the entire outer circumference of the rotor, except for the injection port of the explosion and combustion chamber, to be in complete contact with the housing, resulting in less friction loss. It has extremely low loss, has excellent high speed performance, and can generate high torque. Since there is no flow resistance due to intake and exhaust valves, rotation is smooth, no complicated mechanism is required, and manufacturing costs are low. Compression of air and expansion by explosion proceed simultaneously within a single rotor. Because of this, it is easy to balance the rotational force, and engine braking is also easily achieved by limiting the amount of intake air.

Although the present invention has been variously explained above with reference to preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and it goes without saying that many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show embodiments of the invention, FIGS. 1 and 2.
Figures 3 and 3 are longitudinal cross-sectional views showing the compression, explosion, and exhaust strokes, respectively; Figure 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the left side of Figure 2; and Figures 5 a and b are sections explaining the action of the check valve. The sectional view, FIGS. 6 and 7 are longitudinal sectional views showing other embodiments. 10...Rotor, 14...Housing, 16
... Compression groove, 18 ... Protrusion, 20 ... Apex seal, 22 ... Intake port, 28 ... Pressure welding piston, 30 ... High pressure gas passage, 32 ... Explosion chamber, 3
4... Jet nozzle, 36... Fuel injection device, 38...
Check valve, 40... Vane portion, 42... Exhaust port, 44
...First explosion chamber, 46...Second explosion chamber.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A shaft is inserted and fixed in the center of a perfectly circular rotor, and the rotor is rotatably sealed in a housing.
A compression groove is provided around the rotor, and a portion of the bottom of the compression groove is demarcated by a smoothly raised ridge, and an intake port is provided that leads from the housing to the compression groove, and a suction port is provided that is close to the intake port. A pressure welding piston is provided in the housing to elastically press into and out of the compression groove in the gas compression direction, and a high pressure gas passage communicating between the compression groove and the housing is provided in the housing on the side opposite to the suction port of the pressure welding piston. An explosion chamber is formed at the tip of the high-pressure gas passage, the explosion chamber and the high-pressure gas passage are communicated via a non-returning part that has a non-returning effect, and a vane part is provided on the required circumferential surface of the rotor and communicated with the vane part. A blowout port is provided in the explosion chamber, the bladeless part of the perfectly circular rotor is in airtight sliding contact with the blowout port in order to maintain airtightness of the explosion chamber, and an exhaust port is provided around the rotor. A rotary engine with a perfectly circular rotor. 2 The shaft is inserted into the center of the rotor, which has a perfect circular shape, and is sealed inside the housing so that it can rotate freely.
A compression groove is provided around the rotor, and a portion of the bottom of the compression groove is demarcated by a smoothly raised ridge, and an intake port is provided that leads from the housing to the compression groove, and a suction port is provided that is close to the intake port. A pressure welding piston is provided in the housing to elastically press into and out of the compression groove in the gas compression direction, and a high pressure gas passage communicating between the compression groove and the housing is provided in the housing on the side opposite to the suction port of the pressure welding piston. An explosion chamber is formed at the tip of the high-pressure gas passage, the explosion chamber and the high-pressure gas passage are communicated via a non-returning part that has a non-returning effect, and a vane part is provided on the required circumferential surface of the rotor and communicated with the vane part. A blowout port is provided in the explosion chamber, the bladeless part of the perfectly circular rotor is in airtight sliding contact with the blowout port in order to maintain airtightness of the explosion chamber, and an exhaust port is provided around the rotor. In a rotary engine that has a perfectly circular rotor, compression grooves are provided around the front and back of the rotor to form a two-system compression mechanism, and the explosion chambers are placed in two locations with a phase shift of 180° in the rotor rotation direction. , a rotary engine that has a perfectly circular rotor with each explosion chamber connected to each compression mechanism. 3 The shaft is inserted into the center of the rotor, which has a perfect circular shape, and is sealed inside the housing so that it can rotate freely.
A compression groove is provided around the rotor, and a portion of the bottom of the compression groove is demarcated by a smoothly raised ridge, and an intake port is provided that leads from the housing to the compression groove, and a suction port is provided that is close to the intake port. A pressure welding piston is provided in the housing to elastically press into and out of the compression groove in the gas compression direction, and a high pressure gas passage communicating between the compression groove and the housing is provided in the housing on the side opposite to the suction port of the pressure welding piston. An explosion chamber is formed at the tip of the high-pressure gas passage, the explosion chamber and the high-pressure gas passage are communicated via a non-returning part that has a non-returning effect, and a vane part is provided on the required circumferential surface of the rotor and communicated with the vane part. A blowout port is provided in the explosion chamber, the bladeless part of the perfectly circular rotor is in airtight sliding contact with the blowout port in order to maintain airtightness of the explosion chamber, and an exhaust port is provided around the rotor. In a rotary engine that has a perfectly circular rotor, the check part is a demarcation part of a compression groove formed in the rotor.