JPS6137238B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for composting organic matter such as municipal waste, sewage sludge, and agricultural waste.

Some of the inventors previously filed a patent application in 1972.
121049 and 54-1087, in order to improve the processing capacity per installation area of the composting equipment, a rotary scraper extending radially from the central shaft in a multi-stage cylindrical composter was replaced with a rotary scraper. While rotating around the center axis of the plate, the plate is rotated around the central vertical axis, and the rotating scraper splashes the raw material in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the central axis of the scraper, thereby moving the raw material while stirring it. He invented a method to allow fermentation to progress while gradually moving the fermentation to the lower stage. As shown in this invention, by moving the central axis of the rotary scraper in the opposite direction to the moving direction of the raw material and using a method of lifting the raw material higher than the diameter of the scraper, the raw material can be moved to the tip of the scraper with less power. Since the raw materials are scraped off and made into fine particles, the aerated surface area is significantly increased, and since the raw materials are deposited in a soft manner, there is less ventilation resistance.Furthermore, uniform aerobic fermentation can be carried out quickly because the raw materials are evenly aerated. It was confirmed that

The present invention applies the above-mentioned advantages of the method of moving the central axis of the rotary scraper in the opposite direction to the moving direction of the raw material and lifting the raw material higher than the diameter of the scraper to a rectangular fermenter. The purpose is to reduce equipment costs and operating costs as a simple configuration.

The present invention provides a composting method in which composting raw materials are fermented and composted in a composting fermentation chamber while being stirred and moved in one direction from a raw material input section to a compost extraction section. , a longitudinally movable body that reciprocates in the direction of movement of the compost includes a rotating raking plate that rotates around an axis that is arranged substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the compost, and the rotating raking plate is arranged parallel to the axis of rotation. The composting raw material is cut up at the side edge of the rotary scraper and placed on the rotary scraper, and the raw material is moved backward beyond the upper part of the axis in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis. This is a composting method characterized by stirring and moving by splashing.

To explain the present invention with reference to the drawings in accordance with embodiments, in Figs. A raw material accumulation field 13 is provided, and composting raw materials and compost that is being fermented or has completed fermentation are deposited as a pile layer 14. Depository 13
The floor surface is a ventilation floor 15 having a large number of ventilation holes, and the air from the air chamber 16 is blown upward. One side of the pile field 13 serves as an inlet end 2 for receiving raw material supply, and one side on the opposite side serves as an outlet end 3 for discharging manufactured compost, and the raw materials move in the raw material movement direction 6 while fermenting.

17 is a runway provided on a pillar of the building 12, and guides the longitudinal girder 18 so as to reciprocate vertically between the inlet end 2 and the outlet end 3 parallel to the direction 6 of material movement. Reference numeral 19 denotes a traverse truck that traverses on the longitudinal beam 18 in a direction perpendicular to the direction 6 of material movement. The rotating scraper plate 21 is held by an arm 20 extending downward from the traversing truck 19 so that its rotation axis is in the traversing direction, and is rotatably suspended. As shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7, the rotary scraper 21 has scrapers 23 arranged approximately radially around a rotating shaft 22, and its rotation scrapes up and splashes composting raw materials. It is something. Rotating scraping board 2
The height of the rotary scraping plate 21 is adjusted so that the lower end of the circumscribed circle 1 is located above the ventilation floor 15 by a predetermined slight height. 24, 25, 26 are respectively,
This is a driving device for the vertical movement of the longitudinal girder 18, the horizontal movement of the transverse carriage 19, and the rotation of the rotary scraper plate 21.

Along the deposition field 13, a space is provided as a return passage 27 in which the composting material is not deposited.
As will be described later, this is a passage through which the rotary scraper 21 passes during its return stroke, and has a width through which the rotary scraper 21 can freely pass vertically.

The operation will be explained using FIGS. 1 to 8. The starting point of the rotary scraping plate 21 is defined as the outlet end 3 of the return passage 27, that is, _A1 . While rotating the rotary scraping plate 21 counterclockwise in FIGS. 3 and 7, the traversing cart 19 is moved sideways to scrape up the compost and further move the compost above the rotation axis on the outlet end 3 side of the rotary scraping plate 21. Go over it and send it flying backwards (as shown by arrow S in Figure 6).

After the rotary scraper 21 reaches _B1 , the traversing truck 19
is made to traverse in the opposite direction and returned to A ₁ again, and then the longitudinal girder 18 is made to traverse vertically by a pitch P toward the entrance end 2 and stopped at A ₂ , and the traversing cart 19 is made to traverse again, and in this way. Repeat the action. That is,
In FIG. 4, the rotary scraping plate 21 is A ₁ -B ₁ -A ₁ -
A ₂ - B ₂ - _{A 2} - A ₃ - B ₃ - A ₃ ...... A _o - B _o - A _o , and by this series of movements, all the raw materials in the deposition field 13 are rotated and scraped. The plate 21 will be moved by the average bounce distance.

After the rotary scraper 21 reaches A _o , the longitudinal beam 18 is moved vertically toward the exit end 3, the rotary scraper 21 passes through the return passage 27, returns to the starting point _A1 , and the above operation is repeated again. It can be done.

Traverse truck 1 at each point A ₁ to A _o or B ₁ to _{B o}
Automatic operation is easy by instructing the drive of the vertical beam 9 or the vertical beam 18 using a limit switch or a timer.

In this embodiment, as described above, the rotary scraper 21 is moved laterally in a direction parallel to its rotation axis.
Since the composting material is rounded up by the side edge of 1 and placed on the rotating scraper plate 21 to be thrown away, the width of the scraper plate is small, the rotating part is extremely small and lightweight, and the rounding force and power are reduced. Furthermore, there is no need for a vertical mechanism for rotating parts, and the mechanism for stirring and moving raw materials is small, lightweight, and compact, and the structure is simple and easy to maintain, reducing equipment costs and maintenance costs. I can do it.

FIG. 9, FIG. 10, and FIG. 11 show other embodiments. In this embodiment, the vertical beam 18 has legs 28, 2.
9 is provided in a gate shape and runs vertically on the rail 30 on the ground.
1 and a return passage 27 are provided between the legs 28 and 29. With this configuration, the moving mechanism for the rotary scraper 21 can be provided independently of the building 12, and in some cases, the building 12 can be omitted and an outdoor type can be used.

Further, rotary scrapers 21 are provided on both sides of the drive device 26. With this configuration, the raw material can be stirred and moved by the rotary scraper plate 21 when the traversing carriage 19 moves back and forth. That is, in FIG. 11, starting from A ₁ ' at the exit end 3 of the return passage 27, the carriage moves to A ₁ by the transverse movement of the transverse truck 19 and the vertical movement of the longitudinal beam 18, and thereafter, from A _{1 '} ―B ₁ ―B ₂ ―
A ₂ - A ₃ - B ₃ ...The raw material is stirred and moved by a series of movements of B _o - A _o , and finally reaches A _o ',
It passes through the return path 27 and returns to the starting point A ₁ ', and this cycle is repeated.

This embodiment has the same effect as the above-mentioned example, and furthermore, since there is no wasteful traverse return stroke, the processing capacity per unit time is improved.

FIGS. 12, 13, and 14 show another embodiment, in which a rotary scraper plate 21 is supported by an arm 32 extending from a traversing truck 19 to one side. The traversing truck 19 is guided by three rails in order to take a moment load in addition to the vertical load.

This embodiment has the same effect as the previous embodiment, and since the longitudinal beam 18 is removed from directly above the rotary scraping plate 21, interference with the thrown raw material can be avoided. In the figure, the lower surface of the longitudinal girder 18 can be made lower by h than the highest point 33 of the trajectory of the material being blown away, and therefore the ceiling beam 34 is also lowered, making the entire building 12 lower. This has a great effect on reducing equipment costs.

During the vertical movement of the longitudinal girder 18, two rotating scrapers 21
The part between them remains without being scraped off, but by appropriately selecting the vertical pitch P as shown in FIG. In this way, the rotary scraping plate 21 scrapes off this deposited layer portion 35 by lateral movement and scatters it. By selecting the shapes of the vertical pitch P and the arms 32 in this way, the examples shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 (in this case, the arms are 2
0), if there is no side wall on one side of the deposited layer 14 and there is a space such as the return passage 27, even if the rotary scraper 21 is only on one side, there will be no wasted traversing, and for example, in _FIG. ―B ₁ ―B ₂ ―A ₂ ―A ₃ ―B ₃ …
The processing capacity can be improved by performing zigzag movement as in...

FIG. 15 shows a bucket foil as one form of the rotary scraping plate 21. As shown in FIG. In the bucket foil, in addition to the blade at the tip of the bucket 36, a blade 37 is provided on the side plate, so scraping the raw material while moving is reliable and extremely easy, and has the effect of reducing power consumption.

In the embodiments described above, the rotary scraping plate 21 is rotated so as to cut upward the vertically oriented deposited layer 14 on the front side. This method is applied when the thickness of the deposited layer 14 is greater than or equal to the radius of the rotating scraper plate 21, preferably greater than the diameter thereof, and is therefore economical since the height of the material deposit can be increased. In this case, the raw material jumps over the rotating scraper plate 21 and falls backward due to the blocking effect of the deposited layer 14.

According to the present invention, the composting raw material is rounded up at the side edge of the rotary scraper, so the rounding up force and power are small.
The rotating parts are extremely small and lightweight, the structure of each part is extremely simple, it is small and lightweight, and maintenance is easy, reducing equipment costs and maintenance costs. Moreover, it is effective and has a high processing capacity. This method can be provided and has extremely great practical effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings relate to embodiments of the present invention.
Figures 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views of the equipment, respectively.
A vertical cross-sectional view, a plan view, Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of its operation, Fig. 5 is a side view of the vicinity of the transverse body, Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional front view thereof, Fig. 7 is a perspective view thereof, and Fig. 8 shows the runway. 9 is a side view of another embodiment, FIG. 10 is a perspective view thereof, FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of its operation, FIG. 12 is a side view of another embodiment, and FIG. 13 is a side view thereof. Sectional front view, Fig. 14 is its front view, Fig. 15
The figure is a front view of another embodiment of the rotary scraper. 2... Inlet end, 3... Outlet end, 6... Direction of raw material movement, 11... Fermentation chamber, 12... Building, 13... Deposit area,
14... Deposition layer, 15... Ventilation bed, 16... Air chamber, 1
7... Runway, 18... Longitudinal girder, 19... Traverse trolley, 20... Arm, 21... Rotating scraper, 22... Rotating shaft, 23... Scraping plate, 24... Drive device, 25... Drive device, 26... Drive device, 27...Return passage, 28...
Leg, 29... Leg, 30... Rail, 31... Side wall, 32
...Arm, 33...Highest point, 34...Beam, 35...Sediment layer part, 36...Bucket, 37...Blade.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A composting method in which composting raw materials are fermented and composted in a composting fermentation chamber while stirring and moving in one direction from the raw material input section to the compost extraction section. A longitudinal moving body that reciprocates in the direction of movement is provided with a rotary scraper that rotates around an axis that is arranged substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the compost, and the rotary scraper is rotated in a direction parallel to the rotation axis. The composting raw material is cut up at the side edge of the rotary scraper plate and placed on the rotary scraper plate, and the raw material is splashed backward beyond the upper part of the axis in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis. A composting method characterized by stirring and moving the compost.