JPS6137370B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a mixed fiber yarn which contains polyester buckled and crimped yarn as one component and has a bulkier and heavier feel than ever before. In general, polyester yarn is highly functional and excellent as a product.
It is widely used as a filament or as a crimped yarn including temporary twist yarn. However, in the case of typical conventional products, due to the characteristics of polyester itself, those with excellent elasticity and elegant luster have been produced in relatively large quantities and have been successful, but those with soft texture and bulkiness have been successful. It was quite difficult to get a feel for it. For example, a technique is known in which the yarn is accelerated by gas and is given bulk by colliding with the yarn itself or a colliding body such as a wire mesh. However, the resulting products tend to have poor crimp fastness and bulk.
It has not yet achieved widespread use as clothing. It is also known to combine two or more types of yarns with different heat shrinkage behavior, but the woven fabrics and knitted fabrics obtained from these methods tend to be bulky, and the constituent components separate after dyeing. There were drawbacks such as being visible. Furthermore, by combining these methods,
There is also an attempt to obtain a bulky yarn by mixing a yarn crimped by gas treatment with a yarn having a higher shrinkage rate. Bulky textured yarns supplied for such applications are usually produced by drawing a spun-drawn package and then crimping it, or by processing it without disassembling these steps, as has been done recently. However, in any case, the yarns are bundled in the process of manufacturing the crimped yarn, and in order to obtain a good crimp, it is necessary to open the yarns, and the crimped yarn must be wound in a package. When hoisting up the package, it is impossible to unwind it from the rolled up package unless it is bundled by twisting, air treatment, or glue, so it is usually necessary to twist the package more than 10 times per meter, or to use an equivalent convergence method. . Although such a converging means is essential for handling the yarn, it is by no means preferable in terms of the bulk and high performance of the crimped yarn;
As a mixed fiber yarn, it was not completely satisfactory in terms of texture.

It is an object of the present invention that the low-shrinkage components constituting the mixed yarn do not have entanglements and twists that are strong enough to substantially inhibit fibrillation during mixing when used alone, and that the fibers are sufficiently opened. The purpose is to provide a blended yarn that has not only bulk but also an improved unique texture. Using a spreadable polyester buckled crimped yarn, without adding a sizing agent to the buckled crimped yarn, while maintaining its excellent spreadability,
To provide a yarn mixed with a high shrinkage component.

Such a mixed fiber yarn is achieved by the mixed fiber yarn described in the claims, and one of its characteristics is that the polyester frust crimped yarn is used as a low shrinkage component.

Such a polyester frustrated crimped yarn can be obtained by developing the method described in Japanese Patent Application No. 112385/1985, which was previously proposed by the present inventors. One example of the method for producing the polyester buckled crimped yarn will now be described in more detail.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of an apparatus for producing a low shrinkage component used in the present invention, that is, polyester buckled crimped yarn (hereinafter referred to as air crimped yarn), and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the apparatus. FIG. 2 is a plan view or a cross-sectional view showing an example of a package of a yarn mass made of air-crimped yarn obtained from. As shown in the figure, in the low shrinkage air crimped yarn of the present invention, a polyester melt 1 is passed through a spinneret 2.
It is extruded into the pressurizing chamber 3 through the nozzle, and is discharged at high speed together with pressurized gas through the injection hole 4 provided directly below the nozzle to form fibers, which are crushed by the action of the high-speed medium in the crimp section 6 provided at the tip of the injection hole. It is obtained by applying crimp to form a crimped yarn mass 5 and collecting it in an orderly manner. In addition to using pressurized gas to take off the yarn, a conventional method of taking it off with a take-off roller can also be adopted. When collecting with the pressurized gas,
The pressurized gas can be air, nitrogen and may also partially contain water vapor. Gas pressure is 0~
7Kg/cm ² and easily reaches the speed of sound near the exit of the nozzle 4. This speed exceeds 15,000 m/min at room temperature, but the spinning speed of yarn is only 9,000 m/min or less. The spinning speed is mainly determined by spinneret 3.
Although it is adjusted by the distance between the spinning speed and the upper end of the injection hole 4, if the spinning speed is set to 9000 m/min or higher, dripping will occur, making it unsuitable for filament use. Usually the preferred spinning speed is
4500~8000m/min, more preferably 5000~8000
m/min, and at this time, the yarn has a strength of 2.5 to 4 g/d, an elongation of 20 to 60%, and a boiling water shrinkage rate of 5% or less as measured by the JIS method. Despite the high yarn speed, the crimped yarn mass 5 is discharged from the crimping section at a low speed of 5 to 10 m/min, so it is relatively easy to collect the cans in a box or the like. Yarn mass 5
The discharge speed can be adjusted not only by the spinning conditions but also by the diameter of the crimping section 6, but in this case, if the diameter is made too large, the crimp becomes rough, which is not preferable. As shown in FIG. 2, the collection form of the crimped yarn must be in a spiral shape, parallel line shape, or other orderly manner, and if it is disordered, it will cause defects in the fiber blending process. In order to obtain a blended yarn with particularly high bulk, it is best to heat set the crimped yarn mass in this state, in which case it is heated at 120° to 140° in an autoclave using a perforated box or can. It is appropriate to apply heat treatment for about 40 minutes to 40 minutes.

The crimped yarn mass has a circular, rectangular or other cross section, and in the case of a circular cross section, the diameter is about 2 to 50 mm. The yarn mass basically has a continuous string shape and is slightly flexible immediately after being discharged from the crimping section, so this property can be used to neatly store it in a container.

The accumulation of the crimped yarn mass obtained by such a method is an important feature of the present invention. As can be seen by folding a yarn mass at an arbitrary point and observing its surface, the single yarns that make up the yarn are piled up almost entirely on the cross section of the yarn mass, each independently following a statistical distribution. , for example, the number of single yarns that make up the yarn is 30.
In the case of more than one filament, the number of single filaments bundled and stacked is usually at most several, typically no more than two or three. This thread mass is a relatively solid collection of threads, but
Since each single yarn is sufficiently separated, there is almost no resistance to yarn separation, and there is no yarn shift on the sides as seen in ordinary wound yarns, resulting in good unwinding properties. This is enough to keep up with unwinding speeds of several thousand meters per minute.

When unraveling a thread lump, the diameter of the thread lump is 10 mm.
If the yarn is as small as below, the constituent single yarns will expand in all respects to the maximum size of the yarn mass, the crimp of the single yarns will be random, and unwinding will be possible with low tension, which is an unprecedented opening method. It is suitable for the purpose of blending fibers as it provides a yarn with good elasticity and bulkiness.

There is no need to pay special attention to unraveling the yarn mass;
The yarn mass can be subjected to the blending process while being passed through a tension device so that it is unraveled in an orderly manner. A tension device with a thread guide hole of 5 mm diameter is effective. At this point, the yarn mass is unwound and made into a package.
The use of such packages for blending fibers should be avoided since only products with inferior bulkiness can be obtained.

On the other hand, in the case of crimped yarn obtained by the usual method of sequentially performing spinning, drawing, and crimping, not only several single yarns are bundled together in a yarn mass, but in severe cases, the crimped yarn is This method differs greatly from the crimped yarn of the present invention in that the single yarns are all gathered together in a yarn mass, and the crimp phase of the entire single yarn tends to be aligned. Furthermore, it has become clear that the twist imparted to the yarn greatly inhibits the bulkiness of the crimped yarn, so that when it is used as a mixed fiber yarn, results inferior to those of the present invention can be obtained.

The yarn constituting the high shrinkage component must have a boiling water shrinkage rate greater than that of the crimped yarn component by at least 5%, preferably from 7% to 20%.
If the difference in boiling water shrinkage rate is less than that, even if the difference in shrinkage becomes apparent, only a product with inferior bulkiness can be obtained. On the other hand, if the shrinkage difference is 20% or more, the product will have a good feel, but the high shrinkage will have an unfavorable effect on dimensional stability and dyeability, making it impractical.

The yarn constituting the high shrinkage component may be filament yarn, temporary twist yarn, or any other yarn that satisfies the scope of the claims. Preferred materials include polyester, nylon, and other synthetic fibers.

There may be three or more types of component threads constituting the present invention depending on the purpose. In addition, designing one or more types of yarn to have a different dyeing property or color tone to give the product a unique heathered appearance can produce excellent effects in special cases. As materials with different color tones, known techniques such as polyester, polyester containing a sodium polyamide sulfonate group and regular polyester, pigment-colored materials and regular materials are used.

The crimped polyester yarn material constituting the present invention has at least 80 mol% or more of ethylene terephthalate units, and may contain 20 mol% or less of other acid components or glycol components. Further, these may contain ordinary matting agents, antistatic agents, and coloring agents.

The cross section of the constituent threads is usually circular, but it may be preferable to have various shapes for special effects. For example, it is possible to obtain a mixed fiber yarn having a T-shaped or Y-shaped cross section and a beautiful luster.

The fineness of the blended yarn is usually preferably in the range of 300 denier to 50 denier, and the proportion of components is low shrinkage components.
It can be from 30% to 80%. If the ingredient ratio exceeds this range, only a product that is too soft or too coarse and hard will be obtained. Single yarn fineness of low shrinkage component is 3
If it is less than the denier, a knitted fabric with a bulky feel will be obtained, and if it is more than that, the product will have a slightly crisp feel. Since the high shrinkage yarn side forms the core of the mixed fiber yarn, it is preferable to have a single yarn fineness of about 3 deniers or more because this will give the product a stiff feel.
From this point of view, polyester filaments having the above-mentioned single yarn deniers are particularly suitable.

The fiber mixing can be performed by a known method. The yarns are not particularly subjected to opening treatment using static electricity, etc., but are combined, mixed by means such as air entanglement or air looping, and are usually oiled and packaged. Here, the low shrinkage component is unwound from the yarn mass by passing it through a ceramic guide with a circular hole of about 5 mm, and mixed with the high shrinkage component. It is necessary that the constituent fibers have at least 30 entanglement points per meter; if the number is less than this, it is not preferable because it causes problems in handling the yarn and quality of the product. Here, the entanglement point is defined as the number of points at which the yarn does not separate into its constituent components without damage to the single yarn in a 1 m long sample when a load of 0.1 g per denier is applied to the yarn. It is shown as the average value measured for.

Entanglement points are formed by subjecting the component threads to low tension and air turbulence. In this case, as is well known, when the air turbulence and the yarn act at right angles, the mixed yarn is simply entangled, and the air pressure at this time is 1 to 3 kg/g in gauge pressure.
cm ² and yarn speed of 300 to 500 m/min. In addition, loop processing is performed when the air flow and yarn act in the same direction and then the yarn is separated in a direction perpendicular to the air flow, but the air pressure at this time is still 3 to 7 kg/cm ² in gauge pressure. The speed is 100-300m/min.
In the latter case, the resulting product has a thicker texture, but the productivity of the product tends to be inferior to the former. In any case, it is necessary to treat the air so that there are 30 or more entanglement points per meter. The conditions will be specifically clarified in the examples, but in general, if the entanglement is insufficient, it is necessary to reduce the tension or speed of the yarn or increase the air pressure.

The effects of the present invention that have become clear from the above are listed below.

(1) Since the crimped yarns constituting the low-shrinkage component alone are not so tightly bundled that they inhibit fibrillation when mixed, a product with unprecedented bulk and mixed fiber properties can be obtained.

(2) In particular, when using a material in which one of the constituent yarns has a different dyeability or color tone than the others, a knitted fabric product with a heathered texture that has good playability can be obtained.

(3) Since it has 30 or more entangled points per meter, it is possible to obtain a texture that is an appropriate mixture of the bulkiness of the low-shrinkage component and the firmness of the high-shrinkage component.

(4) The blending process can be carried out simultaneously with the process of unwinding the crimped yarn mass or, if the high shrinkage component is drawn yarn, with the drawing process, which is advantageous in terms of cost.

(5) Since the crimped yarn is produced at a very high speed, the economical effects are significant.

Furthermore, the features of the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples.

Example 1 Polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.66 measured in orthochlorophenol was
The mixture was melted at 0.degree. C. and spun using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 to obtain a crimped yarn mass. Air is used as the compressed gas, the pressure is 1.0Kg/cm ² G, and the distance from the nozzle to the nozzle entrance is
It is 380mm. The diameter of the ejection hole was 4.5 mm, and the diameter of the crimped portion was 7 mm. Polymer output rate is 48 per minute
g. Use a 72-hole cap with a diameter of 0.19 mm. The air pressure at the crimping section was -0.1 Kg/cm ² G. The resulting yarn mass was neatly stacked in a can in an overwound shape while remaining in the form of a string.

The crimped yarn was 75 denier, had a strength of 3 g/d and an elongation of 35% as measured by the JIS method, and had no primary yield point in the load-elongation curve, indicating that it was a completely drawn yarn. This crimped yarn mass is unwound through a ceramic guide with a diameter of 5 mm, and then passed through an interlacing nozzle that generates turbulent air at a speed of 500 m/min with a 75 denier 36 filament yarn obtained by a normal spinning/drawing method. The fibers were mixed and entangled at 3Kg/cm ² . Individually, the boiling water shrinkage rate of the yarns was 2% on the crimped yarn side, 14% on the normal yarn side, and 10% after blending. In addition, the number of intertwining points of the mixed fiber yarns was counted as 52 per meter. When the obtained yarn was dyed into a circular knitted fabric using a 20G interlock knitting machine, a product with well-ordered stitches and a bulky feel was obtained.

In place of the crimped yarn mass of the present invention, a spool of 75 denier crimped yarn made by a conventional push-crimping method was used to perform a similar blending process, and the products were compared. Only a product with inferior appearance and texture could be obtained.

Example 2 A polyester containing 4 mol percent of isophthalic acid having sodium sulfonate as a substituent as an acid component was spun in the same manner as in Example 1. The spinning pressure was 0.8 Kg/cm ² G and the nozzle hole used had dimensions of 7 mmφ×500 mm. This crimped yarn has a strength of 1.9 g/d and an elongation of 45%, and the spinning speed calculated from the denier and discharge amount is
5800 m/min, the boiling water shrinkage rate was 1%, the number of crimp was 14.5 peaks/25 mm, and the degree of crimp was 12.0%. This yarn was steam-treated in an autoclave for 20 minutes at 130°C as a yarn mass, and then unwound and subjected to the drawing process of 75-denier 24-filament ordinary polyester filament to form a loop at a speed of 300 m/min and air pressure of 7 kg/cm ² Then, the same circular knitted fabric as in Example 1 was knitted. This knitted fabric is made of Kashiron Yellow 3GLH.
0.5%owf, Rachile Brilliant Blue BG
When finished by dyeing with a solution at a concentration of 0.5 owf at 120°C for 60 minutes, a bulky and well-seasoned knitted fabric with a heathered texture was obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an apparatus for manufacturing a crimped yarn constituting the mixed yarn of the present invention, in which 1 is a molten polymer, 2 is a spinneret, 3 is a pressurized spinning chamber,
4 is an injection hole, 5 is a crimped yarn mass, and 6 is a crimped portion. Figure 2 is a schematic plan view showing the stacking situation of yarn masses.
and b are examples of spiral shapes, and c are examples of zigzag shapes.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A mixed yarn consisting of at least two types of filament yarns with different shrinkage rates, in which a substantially untwisted spreadable polyester frust crimped yarn having a boiling water shrinkage rate of 5% or less is used as a low shrinkage component, and The polyester frust crimped yarn alone has substantially no entanglement points and twists, but as a mixed yarn, it has at least 30 entanglement points per meter.