JPS6137415B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an earthmoving tool having a wear cap, and more particularly, to an earthmoving tool having a wear cap, and more particularly, to an earthmoving tool having a wear cap that is uniquely contoured and configured to extend the life of the earthmoving tool. It's about caps.

Tools to which the present invention relates include adapters, buckets, digging tools, etc., designed to be secured to project forward from the leading edge of earthmoving equipment. The protruding front end of the adapter is usually provided with a nose, which
The replaceable tip is received within the socket and the two are secured together by a removable locking member. Typically, there are 5 to 10 replaceable tip members.
used during the life of the adapter.

For about 25 years or so, efforts have been made to extend the lifespan of adapters longer, and this has meant that they are relatively heavy elements and that considerable downtime of valuable equipment is required for their replacement. I found out that One such effort is U.S. Patent No.
No. 2896345, but in this patent,
A wear cap is provided on the top surface of the adapter and held in place by the cooperation of the wear cap and a tongue and groove joint along the sides of the adapter and the projections of the top wall of the end member. . However, this has been found to be unsuitable as the continuous flow of dirt over the wear cap wears the metal, particularly along the sides of the top of the cap. This makes the center dovetail joint dangerous and therefore
This was improved by No. 3082555.

An important feature of this improvement was to make the cap thicker along the sides, which was intended to increase the wear life of the cap. but,
This feature was also found to be unsuccessful when the structure was modified to eliminate the sloped bottom side of the cap and extend the depending tongue the entire length of the cap to provide reversibility. The idea was that by reversing the dovetail joint at the front end after it became dangerous, the life could be effectively extended. The reversible variant of this US patent has been widely used for the past 15 years or so.

Although this reversibility feature gave the advantage of slightly longer wear life, it overcame the disadvantage of leaving the joint at the leading end of the cap exposed between the cap and the adapter, had compared to patents. This gives the opportunity for dirt flowing backwards over the tool to enter the space between the surfaces providing the dovetail joint and create wear that causes loosening and premature chipping. It means having.

Additionally, the dovetailed front ends of worn caps become partially worn due to frequent repeated improper maintenance, such as when these worn caps are not replaced quickly enough. This has been found to be fatal to the service life of the adapter since it no longer holds the wear cap.

This is avoided by the present invention, which in a sense provides a
It partially harkens back to the former US patent as it has a closed front end to protect the bearing surface that forms the connection between the cap and the adapter. However, two important features differ from this US patent. That is, the first is
The bearing surfaces of the connection between the cap and the adapter are no longer dovetail-shaped, but "horizontal", i.e. parallel to each other on opposite sides of the cap, and more particularly, with large A heavy cross-section is added to the true front of the cap, which is characterized by side projections extending forward. These protrusions effectively extend the life of the cap by having more wear metal at the critical wear point, just in front of the side rail joint. In this way, the flow of dirt, which can be quite abrasive, takes correspondingly longer before it can enter the space between the bearing surfaces of the joint. Moreover, the parallel bearing surfaces provide effective retention of the wear cap even if the front end of the wear cap wears out when the wear cap is allowed to wear. Here, a tight fit between the interconnecting members is not possible not only due to the casting production of these members, but also due to the different degrees of wear of the interconnecting members. must be understood.

Providing front projections on the cap means that the generally tip-shaped front profile created by these projections is such that the point in the definitive central rear region around the pin locking member is One additional advantage arises from the fact that it provides an obstruction that induces the build-up of sediment onto the top. This area is
This is the site of initial failure due to the removal of material to the pin locking member and due to the repeated stresses localized within this area.

Although the concept of providing an obstruction at the rear of the tip member to develop the buildup is not new (see US Pat. No. 2,987,838), it has not been utilized in commercially available boring teeth. More specifically, at the time this patent contemplated providing this functionality through the use of a wear cap, no front projection was provided, no closed front end was provided, and no front end was provided. , an unfavorable snap-type joint was utilized between the cap and the adapter.

It should also be appreciated that wear caps having parallel side rails or wings recessed into grooves on the sides of the adapter have been known for some time (U.S. Pat. No. 2,968,880). (see issue). However, this structure is also not only due to the thinness of the thin metal plate cap, but more importantly,
At the front of the cap, to protect the critical connections along the sides of the cap and adapter,
It failed to become commercially successful due to the fact that it was not blocked.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings showing embodiments thereof.

First, FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the main parts of an earthmoving or excavating tool, generally designated 20. Number 21 indicates an adapter, which is of the "Whisler" type and has a split handle to span the leading edge of a bucket or other sediment receiving device. (See especially Figure 4). Wear cap is 2
The tip member is numbered 2, and the tip member is numbered 23. The tip member 23 is provided with aligned apertures 24 and 25 adapted to receive a pin 26 which extends through another aligned aperture 27 in the adapter 21. , and also adapter 2
It is adapted to lean against a plug 28 placed inside the enlarged portion 27a of the opening 27 of No. 1. pin 2
6, plug 28 and apertures 24, 25, 26 can be seen in more detail in US Pat. No. 3,126,654.

Adjacent to the top thereof, the adapter 21 has recesses 29 and 30 open to the sides of the adapter 21.
are provided, and those depressions 29,
30 provide bearing surfaces 29a and 30a therein on their parallel upper (ie, downwardly facing) surfaces. This is represented by a general T-shape, with upper bars providing side flanges for receiving the stresses from the inwardly directed parallel wings 32 and 33 above the wear cap 22. 31, the wear cap 22 presents parallel upwardly facing surfaces 32a and 33a on its wings 32, 33 (see FIG. 5). In this way, even a force such as having an upward component on the wear cap 22 will cause the rail locking surfaces 32a, 33a to contact the flange surfaces 29a, 30a to resist the moving force. let

The cap 22 has, in particular, in its front portion:
Along its top, a relatively large and heavy section 3
It is characterized by the presence of 4. This large, heavy portion 34 is located on the central, forward facing wall 3.
5 (see Figure 1). The front facing wall 35 has an inclination of at least about 75° with respect to the horizontal in FIGS. It's getting old. The wall 35 is laterally protected by integral protrusions 38 and 39 extending forward (see FIG. 1), and these protrusions 3
8 and 39 are the wall 35 and the wall 3 that slopes forward.
In combination with 7, it reveals an indentation generally numbered 36. In this way, the entire front of the cap 22 is closed, so as to protect the facing surfaces of the cap 22 and the adapter 21 (see especially FIG. 4).

As explained above, protrusions 38 and 39 are
The front of the critical side rails or wings 32, 33 and slots or recesses 29, 30 serve to place additional wear metal. As can be seen in FIG. 2, the remnants of the protrusions 38, 39 still remain even after a substantial portion of the large, heavy front portion 34 has been worn. See irregularly shaped opening W. This indicates complete wear of the cap 22 in this area. This is a visual indication that the cap 22 needs to be replaced.

As explained above and best seen in FIG. (See Figure 4A). part 3
8, 39 are expanded by walls 40, 41 which extend forwardly from the central vertical wall portion 37 at an angle of at least about 25°. Walls 40, 41 giving depression 36
extend further forward, so their corners or tip shapes are more accentuated, especially adjacent to the upper portions of portions 38 and 39 (4th A
(see figure). This provides a unique effect in protecting both the cap 22 and the tip 23, especially in the area of the pin locking member 26.

For example, dirt is forced to flow both inwardly and backwards to encounter protrusions 38,39. This causes a build-up of sediment in the depression or pot shape 36, and the flow of sediment causes
It is resisted by a large and heavy portion 34. The lateral tapers of the projections 38, 39 (see FIG. 1) allow the projections 38, 39 to accommodate the side means 28, 2 for holding the cap 22 on the adapter 21.
Provides increased protection for 9, 32, and 33. Also, all of these still provide sediment flow.

The arrangement shown in FIGS. 1-5 is described in US Pat.
Particularly suitable for teeth made according to No. 2919506. For subsequently produced teeth (U.S. Pat. No. 4,231,173), a slightly modified shape of the cap 22 is provided, which, however, takes advantage of the principles of the invention described above. However, this modified shape is shown in FIGS. 6 and below.

In these drawings, the same numerals are utilized to refer to similar parts, but with an addition of 100. Thus, in the exploded view of FIG. 6, the numeral 120 generally indicates a tooth, which is made up of an adapter 121, a wear cap 122, and a tip member 123. adapter 1
The various elements making up the removable lock for the tip member 123 on top of 21 are indicated by the numeral 24 in front.
.about.28 and are omitted from this example for clarity of presentation.

In this embodiment, cap 122 is mounted on adapter 121 in exactly the same manner as previously described, i.e.
Parallel wings 132 and 133 on top of 2 are mounted inside recesses 129 and 130 on the sides of adapter 121. Similarly, cap 122
There is a large, heavy section 134 at the top of the. The difference between this embodiment and the previously described embodiments lies primarily in the difference between the tip members 23 and 123. For example, tip member 123 has rearwardly extending tongues on its top, bottom and sides, which tongues typically fit within corresponding recesses in adapter 121. It has been received. Further details of the tip member 123 and adapter 121 of this embodiment can be found in the above-mentioned US Pat. No. 4,231,173, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein for the sake of simplicity.

In this embodiment, the wear cap 122 is held in place against forward movement by interference or overlap with the rear end of the tip member 123, as described above. The tip member 123 in this embodiment is provided with a rearwardly extending tongue, thus illustrating a slight change in the anterior or anterior profile of the wear cap 122. For example, the central vertical wall section 137 projects downwardly between the forwardly diverging sections 138 and 139 to provide this overlap or interference, and the forwardly diverging section 138 , 139 (these are
(representing an indentation or tip shape) is extended further forwardly and is exposed for the purpose of serving the various rearwardly extending tongues 120a of the adapter 121 or otherwise on the tip member 123. Make sure that it completely overlaps the part that will overlap. Other than these specific structural differences, wear caps 22 and 12
2 guides earth and sand in order to protect the locking by the cap rail and the locking by the pin of the tip member,
It functions similarly to restrain.

This means that in that portion of the central forward facing wall 37 above the tip member 123, the wings 32, 3
This is achieved by providing a height of at least twice the vertical thickness of 3. For example, the total height of one dimension of the wear cap is 111 mm. The height of this tip member or higher is 90mm, but the height of the wing 3
The thickness of No. 2,33 is approximately 25 mm. In this regard, the underside of wear cap 120 is the same as the underside of wear cap 20, and the rear elevation for this embodiment is similar to that seen in FIG.

By providing the wings and recesses, bearing surfaces are provided as shown by 29a, 30a and 32a, 33a, thereby connecting the upper portion of the cap of the winged bearing surface with the recess. Both the flange part of the adapter above the bearing surface
Sediment passing over the wear cap must be worn away before it can engage both sets of bearing surfaces and cause movement of the wear cap. Well before this occurs, the large, heavy part at the front of the wear cap (to reveal this large, heavy part) is removed from the back of the cap.
side wings that are only partially extended)
is the protrusion 3 as indicated by W in FIG.
worn out by the action of directing the earth and sand of 8,39;
The cap should have a visual indication that it needs to be replaced. This means that the front profile of the wear cap may be either a profile where the cap has a generally box-like shape in front view, as shown in Figures 1-5;
Alternatively, as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6-9, the central front-facing wall 135 extends and depends from a flange 137a below the bottom of the cap (see especially FIG. 8). This applies regardless of whether you choose to give . Note also that in the embodiment of FIGS. 1-5, the vertical thickness of the wings 32, 33 is the same as the vertical thickness of the flanges of the adapter 21 above the bearing surfaces 29a, 30a.

It is also noted that a wear cap can be used on either the top or bottom surface of the adapter, or both, depending on the circumstances.
For example, structures like Shovel Daytsupa,
In particular, it is advantageous to use a wear cap only on the bottom, which is subject to wear on its bottom surface. This arrangement is exactly as shown where the members cooperate to prevent accidental movement of the wear cap.

In addition, in this specification, "top" and "bottom"
When used, these terms refer to the generally horizontally extending surfaces of adapters or similar structures when they are in position to penetrate soil. I hope you understand that.

In both embodiments, the forward facing recess (as indicated by the numeral 36 in FIG. 1) is generally recessed in a vertical plane. (See, eg, Figures 4 and 8). This recess originates from the aligned upper and lower portions of the central forward facing wall (as indicated by the numeral 35 in FIG. 1) and
This recess is shown schematically for the second embodiment in Figure 8A. It can be seen in FIG. 8A that the depression has a depth d that is substantially smaller than the chordal length c. The depth d should be at least about 5% of the chordal length c.

Although the invention has been described in detail above, it will be understood that many changes may be made in the details without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the present invention;
The figures are a perspective view of the wear cap shown in Fig. 1 in a worn state and just before replacement, Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 shows the adapter used in the present invention. , FIG. 4A is a partial plan view of the front portion of the wear cap, FIG. 5 is a front view of the wear cap of FIGS. 1-4, 6 is an exploded perspective view of a variation of the invention; FIGS. 7 and 8 are plan and front views, respectively, of the wear cap of the assembly of FIG. 6; FIG. 8A is a section showing the vertical curvature of the wear cap. Front View, FIG. 9 is a front view of the adapter of the assembly of FIG. 6; 21,121...adapter;22,122...
Wear cap; 23, 123... Tip member; 2
9, 30... hollow; 31... bar; 32, 33...
...Wing; 34,134...Large and heavy part; 35
... Central wall; 36 ... Hollow; 38, 39,
138, 139...Protrusion.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An elongated adapter having a portion for receiving a tip member at a front end and means for securing to earthmoving equipment at a rear end; a wear cap removably mounted on a horizontally extending surface; and a tip member removably mounted on the adapter for maintaining the wear cap in position on the adapter; The wear cap has a central forward-facing wall flanked by protrusions extending forwardly along its sides, rearwardly aligned with the protrusions and on the surface of the adapter. said adapter including parallel recesses in sides of said adapter providing generally parallel extending bearing surfaces adjacent but perpendicularly spaced therefrom and parallel; and rail locking means for interconnecting the wear cap and the wear cap, the wear cap further comprising:
parallel side wings received within said recess, said side wings providing parallel bearing surfaces disposed to contact said recess bearing surface, and further provided with said protrusion extending from said forward end of said recess. An earthworking tool that is characterized by emanating forward from the wall facing the wall. 2. A recess in said adapter extends rearwardly from near its front so as to give a T-shaped profile, thereby allowing an outwardly extending flange to rest on said T-shaped bar. 2. The earthmoving tool of claim 1, wherein said adapter flange and cap wing have substantially the same vertical thickness. 3. An elongated adapter having at its front end a portion for receiving the tip member and at its rear end having means for securing to earthmoving equipment, and removably mounted on the top of said adapter. The wear cap comprises a wear cap and a tip member removably mounted over the adapter portion and maintaining the wear cap in position over the adapter, the wear cap extending forwardly along the sides of the cap. a forward-facing wall of the central section flanked by projections extending from the front; and rearwardly aligned with said projection and adjacent to but below the top of the front adapter; rail locking means interconnecting the cap and the adapter, the rail locking means including parallel recesses in the sides of the adapter providing parallel downwardly facing bearing surfaces; and the wear cap has parallel side wings received within the recess, the side wings having upwardly directed parallel wings disposed in contact with the recess bearing surface. providing a bearing surface, and the cap further has projections extending forwardly from the forward facing wall of the central portion, thereby protecting the upper surface of the tip member. directing the earth and sand towards the forward facing wall of said central section so as to build up earth and earth, and at the same time imparting wear metal in front of said rail locking means to protect said rail locking means; An earthwork tool that is characterized by: 4. The protrusion of the wear cap is laterally tapered forward to provide additional protection to the rail locking means and at the same time to facilitate the laterally inward and rearward flow of dirt. Earthworking tools as described in scope 3. 5. An earthmoving tool according to claim 3, wherein said tip member has a pin locking member spaced in front of a forward facing wall of said central portion of said cap. 6. An earthmoving tool according to claim 3, wherein said side wings extend only partially from the rear of said cap to provide a large and heavy front wall section. 7. A forward-facing wall portion of the central portion of the upper portion of the tip member extends at least twice as high as the vertical thickness of the side wing.
Earthmoving tools listed in section. 8. The earthmoving tool of claim 3, wherein the forward facing wall of the central portion terminates in the bottom wall of the cap, giving the cap a generally box-shaped shape in front view. . 9. An earthmoving tool according to claim 3, wherein the forward facing wall of the central portion extends below the bottom wall of the cap to provide a depending flange. 10. Claim 10 wherein said forward facing wall has a generally planar central portion extending essentially vertically, and wherein said forwardly extending protrusion is an overlapping portion of said adapter. Earthworking tools as described in item 9. 11 the central forward facing wall of the wear cap has a central generally flat portion extending essentially vertically; and the forward facing projection comprises: 4. The earthmoving tool of claim 3 intersecting said wall at an angle of at least about 25 degrees. 12 an elongated adapter having a portion at its front end for receiving the tip member and having at its rear end means for securing to earthmoving equipment; and an elongated adapter removably mounted on the top of said adapter a wear cap removably mounted over the top of the adapter portion and maintaining the wear cap in place on the adapter, the front end member being removably mounted over the top of the adapter portion; In an earthmoving tool provided with a pin locking member centrally located in the front of the cap, said adapter is located adjacent to the top of the cap, but below it, in the side of the adapter, facing downwardly. parallel side wings received in said recesses having parallel recesses providing bearing surfaces, said wear cap comprising rail locking means for mounting said wear cap on said adapter; It has
the wings provide an upwardly directed bearing surface disposed in contact with the bearing surface of the recess, and
The wear cap extends from the rail locking means towards the front of the central portion to facilitate the build-up of dirt on the pin locking member of the tip member therebetween. An earthmoving tool characterized in that it is provided with an integral projection that diverges laterally forward giving a generally vertical wall.