JPS6137421B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a mortar wall panel used in the construction of a house having walls covered with mortar, and a method for manufacturing the same.

In recent years, it has been proposed to replace mortar walls with panels in general residential construction, particularly in houses with mortar walls, especially in houses where steel frames such as lightweight sections are used for frames such as columns and beams. As with conventional mortar walls, this mortar wall panel could be constructed by attaching a base plate to a wooden underframe, attaching a last sheet and a lath net to the surface of this base plate, and applying mortar. In this case, the mortar layer is held only by the lath, which causes the mortar layer to lift, peel, crack, etc. due to warping in the direction perpendicular to the wall surface, pressure, and the weight of the mortar. This tends to occur, and there are problems with strength and durability, and in particular, it is impossible to increase the thickness of the mortar layer.

In view of the above, the present invention was invented with the aim of providing a mortar wall panel that allows the thickness of the mortar layer to be considerably increased, has excellent strength and durability, and is free from the risk of peeling off or cracking. Yes, multiple reinforcing bars with a diameter of approximately 1/2 the thickness of the mortar layer are placed in parallel at required intervals on the front surface of a frame made of section steel, and are fixed by welding so that they protrude from the front surface of the frame. At the same time, a metal mesh such as reinforcing bars with a diameter smaller than the reinforcing bars is attached thereon, a mortar layer is provided so as to embed the reinforcing bars and the mesh, and the mesh is buried approximately in the center of the mortar layer in the thickness direction. It is characterized by being complicated. Furthermore, the present invention is also characterized by a manufacturing method that can easily and reliably obtain the mortar wall panel.

Next, preferred embodiments and manufacturing methods of the mortar wall panel of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

1 to 3 show a mortar wall panel A according to the invention, and FIGS. 4 and 5 show a panel frame 4' before mortar is installed. Reference numeral 1 indicates a frame made of a section steel such as C-shaped steel, and reference numeral 2 indicates a plurality of reinforcing bars arranged in parallel at required intervals on the front surface of the frame 1 and fixed by welding so as to protrude from the front surface of the frame 1. , 3 is a metal net attached to the reinforcing bars 2 by welding means or the like, and is made of reinforcing bars having a smaller diameter than the reinforcing bars 2. Reference numeral 4 denotes a mortar layer installed in a layer of a required thickness so as to embed the reinforcing bars 2 and the mesh body 3. The reinforcing bars 2 can also be provided vertically or diagonally. As shown in the figure, it is particularly preferable to span the front surfaces of the left and right members 1a and 1b of the frame 1, weld both ends of the reinforcing bars, and fix them in the lateral direction, since this supports the weight of the mortar layer 4. This reinforcing bar 2 is set to have a diameter around 1/2 of the thickness of the mortar layer 4, and the mesh body 3 is set to be embedded in the approximately central position of the mortar layer 4 in the thickness direction. When the thickness of the mortar layer 4 is 30 mm, a reinforcing bar 2 with a diameter of about 16 mm is used, and when the thickness of the mortar layer 4 is 50 mm, a reinforcing bar 2 with a diameter of about 25 mm is used. In addition, as the net 3, one formed of reinforcing bars or the like with a diameter of about 2 to 5 mm and formed into a lattice shape with intervals of about 50 to 150 mm is preferably used. You can also use something.

In the illustrated embodiment, the mortar layer 4 is provided shifted to the left and right with respect to the frame 1 of the panel frame A', and one of the left and right side ends 4a, 4b is provided with the left and right members 1a, Approximately 1/ of the width of 1b
The other side is cut out from the side surface of the frame 1 by a size approximately corresponding to the protruding portion, and when assembling a house, the mortar layers of adjacent wall panels A and A are formed as shown in FIG. 14. The side edges 4, 4 can be butted against each other at the front surface of one frame 1, so that caulking of the joint gap can be performed easily and reliably. In this case, the reinforcing bars 2 fixed on the front of the frame 1
The mesh body 3 is also provided with a position slightly shifted to the left or right with respect to the frame body 1 in accordance with the shift of the mortar layer 4.

Further, on the front surfaces of the upper and lower members 1c and 1d of the frame body 1, reinforcing members 5 and 5 each having a substantially L-shaped cross section are arranged so as to cover the upper and lower end surfaces of the mortar layer 4, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, respectively. attached, the reinforcing member 5
Engagement protrusions 6, 6 in the form of hooks, etc., embedded in the mortar layer 4 are punched out at required intervals.
This is provided to prevent the mortar layer 4 from shifting in the vertical direction and from peeling or chipping at the upper and lower ends.

Furthermore, in the case of the figure, frame 1 of panel frame A'
A vertical member 7 made of C-shaped steel is provided in the center of the inner part for reinforcement, but various reinforcing means are also provided, such as creating an X-shaped cross-section using C-shaped steel etc. be able to. In this case, the reinforcing bars 2 are also welded to reinforcing means such as the vertical member 7. Further, the peripheral edge surface of the mortar layer 4 is formed, for example, into a slope 4' as shown in the figure, if necessary.Next, a method for manufacturing the mortar wall panel A having the above structure will be described.

In this manufacturing, a plurality of reinforcing bars 2 are fixed in parallel at required intervals on the front surface of the panel frame A' of the mortar wall panel A, that is, a frame 1 made of C-shaped steel, etc. A predetermined panel frame as shown in FIG. 4 with a net 3 attached thereto.
A' is assembled and configured in advance.

First, a surface plate 11 is placed horizontally on a machine frame 10 made of shaped steel or the like and whose surface is slightly wider than the panel to be manufactured (FIG. 6). This surface plate 1
1, formwork members 12a, 12b, 12c, and 12d corresponding to the four sides of the mortar layer to be formed are placed and fixed, respectively, to constitute the formwork 12 for molding (Figs. 6 to 8). ). Each formwork member 12a, 12b,
As shown enlarged in FIG. 8, 12c and 12d are composed of, for example, a peripheral end face molded part 13 and a slope molded part 14 connected together, corresponding to the shape of the peripheral edge of the mortar layer, and the peripheral end face molded part The height of 13 is set to be approximately equal to the thickness of the mortar layer 4 to be molded. Each formwork member 12a for the surface plate 11,
12b, 12c, and 12d, as shown in the drawings (particularly in FIG.
A fixing tool 17 screwed through the U-shaped member 15 is attached to the upper end of the sideways U-shaped member 15 to formwork members 12a, 12.
b, 12c, and 12d, and is configured so that the sideways U-shaped member 15 is fitted from the side of the outer edge of the surface plate 11 and clamped and fastened by the fastening member 16. ing. The clamping type fixture 17
Formwork members 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d
It is preferable to provide a plurality of them (two at both ends in the figure). Of course, it is also possible to use other removable clamping fixtures.

Next, the kneaded and unhardened mortar 4' is poured and filled into the formwork 12 constructed on the surface plate 11 as described above, and this mortar 4' is filled into the formwork 12.
The panel frame is pre-assembled after being leveled to a certain extent to have a thickness approximately equivalent to the height of 2.
A' is hung with a crane or the like with its front side, that is, the side where the net body 3 is attached, facing downward, and is lowered from above onto the mortar 4' in the formwork 12 (Fig. 10), and the panel frame A' is The mesh body 3 and the reinforcing bars 2 are submerged in the mortar 4' (FIG. 11). Particularly at this time, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a vibration device 18 having a built-in vibration drive source such as a motor is mounted vertically on the panel frame A' to apply vibration to the panel frame A' itself. The vibration device 18 is. As shown in the figure, the handles 20 are mounted on a support rod 19 made of steel pipes, etc., and provided at both ends of the support rod 19.
20 can be easily mounted on the left and right members 1a and 1b of the frame body 1, and by shifting the mounting position, the whole can be vibrated almost evenly. The mortar 4' also vibrates due to the vibration of the panel frame A'.
The mesh body 3 and the reinforcing bars 2 are submerged in the mortar 4', and the mortar 4' goes around not only the upper side of the mesh body 3 but also the upper side of the relatively thick reinforcing bars 2, and eventually the frame of the panel frame A'. The material is loaded until the surface of the material 1 is placed on the formwork 12. In addition, a temporary frame member 21 such as a C-shaped steel is attached to the side surface of the frame body 1 on the side where the mortar layer is formed protrudingly on the panel frame A', and supports the mounting on the formwork 12. The projecting side end portion 4b of the mortar layer 4 can be formed into a predetermined shape.

In this way, with the panel frame A' inserted into the mortar 4' in the formwork 12, the mortar 4' is cured, and after the mortar hardens, each formwork member 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d constituting the formwork 12 is The mortar wall panel A, which consists of the mortar layer 4 and the panel frame A' formed into a predetermined shape by the surface plate 11 and the formwork 12, is removed by moving it away from the surface plate 11 laterally, and the mortar wall panel A, which is made up of the mortar layer 4 and the panel frame A', is lifted from above the surface plate 11 with a crane. After removing the temporary frame member 21, the mortar layer 4 may be cured and hardened over several days.

The mortar wall panel of the present invention and its manufacturing method are configured as described above. According to the manufacturing method of the present invention described above, mortar is not applied to the panel frame, but is applied to the surface plate 11.
Since the mesh body 3 and reinforcing bars 2 on the front side of the panel frame A' are submerged and press-fitted into the mortar 4' filled in the upper formwork 12, laborious work such as mortar application is required. In particular, since vibration is applied to the panel frame A' during press-fitting, the mesh body 3 and reinforcing bars 2 can be easily and reliably embedded in the mortar in the kneaded state due to the vibration effect, and the mortar is Net body 3 and reinforcing bars 2
This, together with the compaction effect of the mortar caused by the vibration, can greatly increase the adhesion between the net 3 and the reinforcing bars 2 and the mortar. Moreover, the mortar is moderately compacted by the vibration action, and no air remains in the mortar layer, making it possible to form a high-quality mortar layer. Furthermore, the surface of the mortar layer that is in contact with the surface plate 11 has a finished surface that is much smoother than a conventional coating finish surface by plastering or the like. In particular, since the mortar is hardened horizontally on the surface plate 11, even if the thickness of the mortar layer is quite large, the thickness remains approximately constant over the entire panel. Therefore, according to the manufacturing method of the present invention, a mortar wall panel with excellent adhesion between the mortar layer and the panel frame and a good wall surface condition can be manufactured very easily and reliably.

The mortar wall panel A of the present invention manufactured as described above has a plurality of reinforcing bars 2 having a diameter of about 1/2 of the thickness of the mortar layer 4 placed at required intervals on the front surface of a frame 1 made of section steel. The reinforcing bars 2 and the mesh 3 of the panel frame A' are fixedly connected by welding means in a state in which they are parallel to each other and protrude from the front surface of the frame, and a metal mesh 3 such as reinforcing bars is attached thereon. Since it is embedded in the layer 4, the mortar layer 4 can have sufficient strength.
In particular, the frame body 1 and the reinforcing bars 2 made of shaped steel bear the pressing force in the direction perpendicular to the wall surface from the outside of the building and protect the mortar layer 4. The mesh body 3 embedded approximately in the middle of the mortar layer 4 together with the reinforcing bars 2 provides sufficient strength against the tension outside the mortar layer, and no cracking, warping, or floating occurs.
Since the reinforcing bars 2 have a diameter of about 1/2 of the thickness of the mortar layer 4, and the mesh body 3 is embedded approximately in the middle of the mortar layer 4, unlike the case of using conventional lath mesh, partial Not only is there no risk of the mortar layer 4 peeling off or falling off, but even if the thickness of the mortar layer 4 is increased, its weight can be sufficiently supported by the net 3 and the reinforcing bars 2, and as a result, it is more durable than before. A large mortar wall with considerable thickness can be obtained. Furthermore, it is a wall panel that can be manufactured as a single unit, and it is easy to calculate the strength of the frame 1, reinforcing bars 2, net 3, etc. made of shaped steel, that is, to calculate the strength of the panel. This makes it possible to use it as a load-bearing wall.

As described above, the present invention provides a mortar wall panel for use in a house having a mortar wall surface, and in particular a panel that has a thick mortar layer, is excellent in strength and durability, and is suitable for use without the risk of floating or cracking. Moreover, it has excellent effects such as easy manufacture, high productivity, and low cost.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a mortar wall panel, FIG. A sectional view, FIG. 4 is a front view of the panel frame, FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged sectional view along the front view line, and FIGS.
Figure 13 shows the manufacturing process of mortar wall panels, Figure 6 is a plan view of the formwork fixed on the surface plate,
Figure 7 is a sectional view taken along the line from the front figure, Figure 8 is an enlarged sectional view of the fixture part, Figure 9 is a sectional view of the mold filled with mortar, and Figure 10 is the panel frame being press-fitted into the mortar. The previous sectional view, Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the panel frame press-fitted into the mortar, Fig. 12 is a plan view of the vibrating device part, Fig. 13 is a sectional view of the mortar wall panel when it is removed from the surface plate, and Fig. 14 is a sectional view of the panel frame press-fitted into the mortar. The figure is a sectional view of the mortar wall panel in use. A...Mortar wall panel, A'...Panel frame, 1...Frame body, 2...Reinforcement bar, 3...Mesh body, 4
... Mortar layer, 11 ... Surface plate, 12 ... Formwork,
4'...Mortar.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of reinforcing bars having a diameter of approximately 1/2 the thickness of the mortar layer are arranged in parallel at required intervals on the front surface of a frame made of section steel and protrude from the front surface of the frame. In addition to being fixed by welding means, a metal mesh such as reinforcing bars with a finer diameter than the reinforcing steel is attached thereon, a mortar layer is provided so as to embed the reinforcing bars and the mesh, and the mesh is attached to the mortar layer. A mortar wall panel characterized by being embedded approximately in the center of the thickness direction. 2. The mortar wall panel according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing bars are bridged over the left and right members of the frame and fixed in the lateral direction. 3. A patent in which a mortar layer is provided shifted to the left or right with respect to a frame, one of the left and right end portions is made to protrude laterally from the frame, and the other is cut out approximately corresponding to the protruding portion. A mortar wall panel according to claim 1 or 2. 4. Reinforcing members having a substantially L-shaped cross section and having engagement protrusions embedded in the mortar layer at required intervals are fixed to the upper and lower members of the frame,
The mortar wall panel according to any one of paragraphs 2 and 3. 5 Formwork members around the four circumferences are each removably fixed on the surface plate using clamping fixtures to form a prescribed molding formwork corresponding to the mortar wall, and this formwork is filled with mortar. However, on the front surface of the frame made of section steel, multiple reinforcing bars are fixed in parallel at required intervals and protruding from the front of the frame by welding means, and metal such as reinforcing bars are attached on top of the reinforcing bars. The panel frame to which the netting body is attached is placed so that the side to which the netting body is attached faces down and the frame surface is placed on the formwork while applying vibration to the panel frame so that the netting body and reinforcing bars are embedded in the mortar in the formwork. A method for manufacturing a mortar wall panel, characterized by charging the mortar to a position where it touches and curing the mortar. 6. The method for manufacturing a mortar wall panel according to claim 5, wherein the four circumferential formwork members constituting the formwork are each removably fixed to the surface plate using clamp-type fixtures.