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JPS6139390B2 - - Google Patents
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JPS6139390B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6139390B2
JPS6139390B2 JP22881482A JP22881482A JPS6139390B2 JP S6139390 B2 JPS6139390 B2 JP S6139390B2 JP 22881482 A JP22881482 A JP 22881482A JP 22881482 A JP22881482 A JP 22881482A JP S6139390 B2 JPS6139390 B2 JP S6139390B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
alloy
electrical resistance
present
structural
alloys
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP22881482A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS59123734A (en
Inventor
Yoshio Baba
Teruo Uno
Hideo Yoshida
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Light Metal Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Light Metal Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Light Metal Industries Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Light Metal Industries Ltd
Priority to JP22881482A priority Critical patent/JPS59123734A/en
Publication of JPS59123734A publication Critical patent/JPS59123734A/en
Publication of JPS6139390B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6139390B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、構造用材料として有用な新規なアル
ミニウム(A)合金に係り、特に電気抵抗特性
を高めた、低誘導放射化特性を有する、核融合炉
等の構造用材料として好適なA合金に関するも
のである。 従来のA合金は、電気抵抗値の小さい、即ち
電気伝導性能の良好な合金として知られ、電線材
料等に使用されてきたが、最近ではA材料の用
途が広がり、むしろ電気抵抗値の高いA材料が
求められるようになつてきている。 例えば、核融合反応プラズマ実験装置、更には
その延長線上にある核融合動力炉等における真空
容器、トロイダルコイル枠等は、ステンレス鋼を
使用した設計であるため、DT核反応によつて発
生する中性子によつて相当程度、誘導放射化され
るところから、それら装置の保守、修理等に際し
ての作業者の接近が制限され、それ故かかる核融
合炉の装置構造材料として低誘導放射化材料を用
い、作業者の接近を可能なようにするのが有利な
ことは、装置維持の観点からしても明らかなとこ
ろである。 ところで、このような装置の放射化レベルを大
幅に低減させ得る元素としては、C,Si,A,
Mg,V,Nbがこれまでに挙げられているが、そ
の中でもAが構造用材料として、また工業的な
製造においても、最も適したものと考えられる。 而して、このような核融合炉等の構造用材料を
選択するにあたつて考慮すべき事項としては、(i)
熱的特性を考慮した機械的強度、(ii)電気的特性、
(iii)製作性、加工性、(iv)中性子による誘導放射能、
が挙げられ、A材料を用いた場合においても、
その合金成分を考慮することによつて、それらの
要求を満足させる必要があるのであるが、特にA
材料にあつては、誘導放射能レベルを低く維持
しつつ、構造用材料として優れた機械的強度を有
し、また電気的特性にも優れたものである必要が
ある。けだし、核融合炉に用いられている前述し
た如き構造用材料には、強磁場が作用することと
なるが、従来からのA合金では電気抵抗が小さ
く、それ故従来のA合金をそのまま核融合炉用
の構造用材料として使用することは困難であつた
のである。 因みに、強磁場中でA材料を使用すると、誘
導電流を発生するが、この誘導電流の大きさは材
料の導電率に比例して大きくなるのである。例え
ば、透磁率μ、導電率σである固定された充分長
い円柱状導電体の中心軸方向に一様に磁界Hを加
えて、これをdH/dtの速さで増加させるとき、
該導電体の中に生ずる電流密度Jの方向は、円周
方向で、その大きさは次式で与えられることが知
られている。但し、rは円柱の半径である。 J=−μrσ/2・dH/dt ところで、この誘導電流は外部磁界によりフレ
ミングの左手の法則に従つて電磁力を受けるため
に、材料自身に大きな力が働くこととなる。それ
故、この力を少なくするためには、できるだけ電
気抵抗値の高いA合金が必要となつてくるので
ある。 ここにおいて、本発明者等は、かかる事情に鑑
みて種々研究を重ねた結果、合金成分を種々工夫
することによつて、電気抵抗の大きな、特に電気
抵抗値が5.7μΩcm以上にもなる、また構造用材
料に必要な引張強度の高い、低誘導放射化A合
金が得られることを見い出し、本発明に到達した
のである。 すなわち、本発明の主要な目的は、電気抵抗特
性を高めた構造用低放射化A合金を提供するこ
とにある。 また、本発明の他の目的は、電気抵抗の高い、
且つ材料強度の高い低放射化A合金からなる構
造用材料、特に強磁場の作用する核融合炉等に好
適に用いられ得る構造用材料を提供することにあ
る。 そして、かかる目的を達成するために、本発明
にあつては、まず重量で、4.0〜8.0%のMg(マ
グネシウム)、0.001〜0.02%のBe(ベリリウム)
及び0.05〜0.50%のBi(ビスマス)を含み、且つ
0.05〜0.20%のTi(チタン)、0.05〜0.40%のCr
(クロム)、0.05〜0.30%のZr(ジルコニウム)、
0.05〜0.35%のV(バナジウム)及び0.05〜0.30
%のW(タングステン)からなる群より選ばれた
1種又は2種以上を含み、残りがA及び不可避
的不純物からなるように合金成分を調製したので
あり、これによつて誘導放射能レベルを低減させ
つつ、電気抵抗特性並びに引張強度を高め、特に
電気抵抗値が5.7μΩcm以上、引張強度:σBが30
Kg/mm2以上の優れた性能を有するA合金材料が
有利に得られることとなつたのである。 かくの如き本発明において、Aに配合される
合金成分たるMgは、形成される合金の強度と電
気抵抗特性を高めるための必須の成分であつて、
その添加効果を充分に発揮させるためには、少な
くとも4.0%(重量基準。以下同じ)以上、望ま
しくは4.5%以上の割合でA合金中に含有せし
められる必要がある。なお、Mgの含有量が少な
過ぎると強度が低下し、また目的とする電気抵抗
特性の上昇を充分に図り得なくなる。また、Ms
の含有量があまりにも多過ぎると、圧延、押出し
等の熱間加工が困難となる等の問題を生ずるとこ
ろから、その上限は8.0%とする必要がある。 また、Beは上記Mgの酸化を防止し、かかる
Mgの添加効果を、最大限に発揮せしめるための
元素であるが、それがあまりにも多量に添加され
ると、鋳造作業時等において有毒ガスを発生する
問題を生じるところから、その添加量は0.001〜
0.02%の範囲内に止める必要があり、更にBiは、
形成される合金の応力腐食割れを防止する上にお
いて、優れた効果を発揮し、かかる合金から製造
される構造用材料の特性を向上せしめるに有効な
元素であるが、その添加量が多過ぎると、添加さ
れたMgとの間にMg3Bi2を形成して結晶粒界に析
出し、強度を低下せしめるようになるので、その
添加量は0.05〜0.50%の範囲内に止める必要があ
る。 更に、他の合金成分であるTi,Cr,Zr,V及
びWは、何れも電気抵抗を高めると共に、結晶粒
を微細化する元素であつて、本発明に従うA合
金組成からなる溶湯から鋳造して得られる鋳塊の
組織を微細化せしめ、構造用材料としての望まし
い性質を付与するものであるが、それら元素があ
まりにも多過ぎると、Aとの間において金属間
化合物を形成してそれを晶出せしめ、靭性に悪影
響を与えるところから、Tiでは0.05〜0.20%、Cr
では0.05〜0.40%、Zrでは0.05〜0.30%、Vでは
0.05〜0.35%、Wでは0.05〜0.30%の割合で、そ
れぞれ含有せしめられることとなる。なお、これ
ら5種の元素は、その単独若しくはそれらの2種
以上の組み合せにおいて用いられるものである。 そして、かくの如き合金成分並びに組成範囲を
有する本発明に従うA合金は、それから各種用
途に用いられる構造用材料を形成するために、先
ずA合金の溶湯が調製された後、かかる溶湯か
ら公知の通常の手法に従つて所定の合金鋳塊が鋳
造され、次いでその得られた鋳塊には凝固組織
(合金成分)を均一化せしめるための熱処理、所
謂均質化処理(ソーキング)が施され、更にその
後常法に従つて熱間圧延、冷間圧延が施され、ま
た必要に応じて軟化処理等の後処理が施されて、
目的とする用途の構造用材料に形成されるのであ
る。なお、かくの如き本発明に従うA合金から
なる鋳塊の処理条件としては、一般に通常のA
材料の処理条件範囲内において適宜に選定される
ものであり、例えば均熱処理では400〜550℃の温
度条件が採用され、また熱間圧延は300〜400℃、
更に軟化処理は300〜400℃で実施されることとな
る。 かくして得られたA合金材料は、低放射化効
果、特にDT核燃焼において生じる中性子の照射
によつて材料に与えられる残留放射能レベルの低
減化効果を具備すると共に、電気抵抗値が従来の
A材料に比して著しく高められており、特に本
発明に従う合金成分並びにその含有量の選択によ
つて、電気抵抗値が5.7μΩcm以上のものも有利
に得ることができ、しかもそれは強度的にも引張
強度(σB)が30Kg/mm2以上の性能をも具備する
ものであつて、これにより強磁場で用いられる核
融合炉における真空容器やコイル枠等の構造用材
料として有利に用いられ得ることとなつたのであ
る。 以下に、本発明を更に具体的に明らかにするた
めに、本発明の実施例をいくつか挙げるが、本発
明がそれらの実施例の記載によつて何等の制約を
も受けるものでないことは言うまでもないところ
である。 実施例 1 下記第1表に示す合金組成の各種のA合金溶
湯を調製し、次いで連続鋳造法にて造塊すること
により、各種の矩形鋳塊を得た。その後、それら
各種の鋳塊を、500℃の温度下において均熱化処
理し、更に350℃で熱間圧延した後、冷間圧延を
施し、更に最終的に360℃の温度で軟化処理し
た。 このようにして得られた各種合金組成のA合
金板材について、それぞれ、その電気抵抗特性と
引張強度特性を調べ、その結果を第2表に併せ示
した。なお、電気抵抗特性はASTM―B―193に
従う電気伝導度を示すIACSの値で求め、また引
張強度はJIS―Z―2241の測定方法によつて求
め、その結果を第2表に示した。なお、IACS値
は、その値が小さいほど電気抵抗が大なることを
示しており、それが30%のとき5.7μΩcmの電気
抵抗に相当するものである。また、各板材につい
ての応力腐食割れ特性についても調べ、その結果
を第2表に示したが、その試験は圧延方向で採取
した試験片を12.5t(t:試験片板厚)でU字型
に曲げ、クロム酸混合液中で30分間煮沸すること
によつて、割れの発生の有無を調べる方法によつ
た。 また、第2表における残留放射能評価は、D―
T反応後、1ケ月経過した時の残留放射能レベル
によつて行ない、同表中の〇印は人間が近づいて
も殆んど問題ないレベル(<10-2mrem/hr)
を、また△印は若干考慮する必要があるレベル
(10-1〜10-2mrem/hr)を、更に×印は人間がそ
の合金からなる構造材料、例えば核融合炉の真空
容器などに近づけないレベル(>10-1mrem/
hr)を、それぞれ示している。 下記第2表の結果から明らかな如く、本発明に
従う合金組成範囲のA合金は何れもIACS値が
低く、換言すれば電気抵抗値が大きく、また引張
強度も構造用材料として有用な、極めて高い値を
示している。 また、No.17の合金組成ではMgの含有量が8.0%
以上となつているために、加工割れを生じ、更に
No.18の合金組成ではBiが添加されていないため
に、応力腐食割れを生じ、構造用材料としては望
ましくないものであつた。 更に、No.19,20の如くMgやBiの含有量が本発
明の範囲から外れることにより、IACS値、σB
値とも何れも本発明に従う1〜16の合金組成のも
のに比して劣つていることが認められた。
The present invention relates to a novel aluminum (A) alloy useful as a structural material, and particularly to an A alloy that has improved electrical resistance characteristics and low induction activation characteristics, and is suitable as a structural material for nuclear fusion reactors and the like. It is something. Conventional A alloys are known as alloys with low electrical resistance, that is, good electrical conductivity, and have been used as materials for electric wires, etc. However, recently, the use of A materials has expanded, and A alloys with high electrical resistance have been used. Materials are becoming more in demand. For example, the vacuum vessels, toroidal coil frames, etc. in nuclear fusion reaction plasma experimental equipment, and furthermore in nuclear fusion power reactors that are an extension of the equipment, are designed using stainless steel, so the neutrons generated by the DT nuclear reaction Due to the fact that the fusion reactor undergoes a considerable degree of induced activation, the access of workers during maintenance, repair, etc. of these devices is restricted. The advantage of providing operator access is also obvious from the point of view of equipment maintenance. By the way, elements that can significantly reduce the activation level of such devices include C, Si, A,
Mg, V, and Nb have been mentioned so far, but among them, A is considered to be the most suitable as a structural material and also for industrial production. Therefore, matters to be considered when selecting structural materials for such nuclear fusion reactors include (i)
Mechanical strength considering thermal properties, (ii) Electrical properties,
(iii) Manufacturability, processability, (iv) Radioactivity induced by neutrons,
Even when using material A,
It is necessary to satisfy these requirements by considering the alloy components, especially A.
The material needs to have excellent mechanical strength as a structural material and also have excellent electrical properties while maintaining a low level of induced radioactivity. However, the above-mentioned structural materials used in fusion reactors are exposed to strong magnetic fields, but conventional A alloys have low electrical resistance, so conventional A alloys can be used as they are for nuclear fusion. It was difficult to use it as a structural material for furnaces. Incidentally, when material A is used in a strong magnetic field, an induced current is generated, and the magnitude of this induced current increases in proportion to the electrical conductivity of the material. For example, when applying a magnetic field H uniformly in the central axis direction of a sufficiently long fixed cylindrical conductor with magnetic permeability μ and conductivity σ, and increasing the magnetic field H at a speed of dH/dt,
It is known that the direction of the current density J generated in the conductor is the circumferential direction, and its magnitude is given by the following equation. However, r is the radius of the cylinder. J=-μrσ/2·dH/dt By the way, since this induced current receives electromagnetic force from an external magnetic field according to Fleming's left-hand rule, a large force acts on the material itself. Therefore, in order to reduce this force, an A alloy with as high electrical resistance as possible is required. In view of these circumstances, the inventors of the present invention have conducted various studies, and have found that by variously devising the alloy components, a large electrical resistance, particularly an electrical resistance value of 5.7 μΩcm or more, can be achieved. It was discovered that a low induced activation A alloy with high tensile strength required for structural materials can be obtained, and the present invention was achieved. That is, the main object of the present invention is to provide a structural low-activation A alloy with improved electrical resistance characteristics. Another object of the present invention is to provide high electrical resistance.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a structural material made of a low activation A alloy with high material strength, particularly a structural material that can be suitably used in nuclear fusion reactors and the like where a strong magnetic field acts. In order to achieve this purpose, the present invention first uses 4.0 to 8.0% Mg (magnesium) and 0.001 to 0.02% Be (beryllium) by weight.
and 0.05 to 0.50% Bi (bismuth), and
0.05~0.20% Ti (titanium), 0.05~0.40% Cr
(chromium), 0.05-0.30% Zr (zirconium),
0.05-0.35% V (vanadium) and 0.05-0.30
% of W (tungsten), and the rest was A and unavoidable impurities, thereby reducing the level of induced radioactivity. While reducing electrical resistance properties and tensile strength, the electrical resistance value is 5.7 μΩcm or more, and the tensile strength: σ B is 30.
It has become possible to advantageously obtain an A alloy material having excellent performance of Kg/mm 2 or more. In the present invention, Mg, which is an alloying component added to A, is an essential component for increasing the strength and electrical resistance properties of the formed alloy.
In order to fully exhibit the effect of its addition, it needs to be contained in the A alloy at a ratio of at least 4.0% (based on weight; the same applies hereinafter), preferably 4.5% or more. Note that if the Mg content is too low, the strength will decrease and it will not be possible to sufficiently increase the desired electrical resistance properties. Also, Ms.
If the content is too high, problems such as difficulty in hot processing such as rolling and extrusion will occur, so the upper limit should be 8.0%. In addition, Be prevents the oxidation of Mg and takes
This element is used to maximize the effect of Mg addition, but if it is added in too large a quantity, it will cause the problem of generating toxic gas during casting operations, etc., so the amount added is 0.001. ~
It is necessary to keep it within the range of 0.02%, and Bi
It is an element that exhibits excellent effects in preventing stress corrosion cracking in formed alloys and is effective in improving the properties of structural materials manufactured from such alloys, but if it is added in too large an amount, , Mg 3 Bi 2 is formed between the added Mg and precipitates at the grain boundaries, reducing the strength, so the amount added must be kept within the range of 0.05 to 0.50%. Further, other alloy components Ti, Cr, Zr, V and W are all elements that increase electrical resistance and refine crystal grains, and are cast from a molten metal having the A alloy composition according to the present invention. These elements refine the structure of the resulting ingot and give it desirable properties as a structural material, but if these elements are present too much, they form intermetallic compounds with A and 0.05 to 0.20% of Ti and Cr
0.05-0.40% for Zr, 0.05-0.30% for V,
They are contained in a proportion of 0.05 to 0.35%, and W in a proportion of 0.05 to 0.30%. Note that these five types of elements may be used alone or in combination of two or more thereof. In order to form alloy A according to the present invention having such alloy components and composition ranges as described above, first a molten metal of alloy A is prepared, and then a known molten metal is prepared from the molten metal in order to form structural materials used for various purposes. A predetermined alloy ingot is cast according to the usual method, and then the obtained ingot is subjected to heat treatment, so-called homogenization treatment (soaking), to homogenize the solidification structure (alloy components), and then After that, hot rolling and cold rolling are performed according to conventional methods, and post-treatments such as softening treatment are performed as necessary.
It is formed into a structural material for its intended use. In addition, the treatment conditions for the ingot made of A alloy according to the present invention are generally the same as the usual A alloy.
It is selected as appropriate within the range of processing conditions for the material; for example, temperature conditions of 400 to 550°C are adopted for soaking treatment, and temperatures of 300 to 400°C are used for hot rolling.
Furthermore, the softening treatment will be carried out at 300 to 400°C. The thus obtained A alloy material has a low activation effect, especially the effect of reducing the residual radioactivity level imparted to the material by neutron irradiation generated in DT nuclear combustion, and has an electrical resistance value that is lower than that of the conventional A alloy material. In particular, by selecting the alloy components and their content according to the present invention, it is possible to advantageously obtain an electrical resistance value of 5.7 μΩcm or more, which also has a high strength. It also has a tensile strength (σ B ) of 30 Kg/mm 2 or more, and can therefore be advantageously used as a structural material for vacuum vessels, coil frames, etc. in fusion reactors used in strong magnetic fields. It had become a thing. In order to clarify the present invention more specifically, some examples of the present invention are listed below, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited in any way by the description of these examples. It's a good place. Example 1 Various rectangular ingots were obtained by preparing various A-alloy molten metals having alloy compositions shown in Table 1 below, and then forming ingots by a continuous casting method. Thereafter, these various ingots were soaked at a temperature of 500°C, further hot rolled at 350°C, cold rolled, and finally softened at a temperature of 360°C. The electrical resistance characteristics and tensile strength characteristics of the A alloy sheets of various alloy compositions obtained in this way were examined, and the results are also shown in Table 2. The electrical resistance properties were determined by the IACS value indicating electrical conductivity according to ASTM-B-193, and the tensile strength was determined by the measuring method of JIS-Z-2241, and the results are shown in Table 2. Note that the smaller the IACS value, the higher the electrical resistance, and when it is 30%, it corresponds to an electrical resistance of 5.7 μΩcm. In addition, the stress corrosion cracking characteristics of each plate material were also investigated, and the results are shown in Table 2. The test was conducted using a test piece taken in the rolling direction at 12.5t (t: test piece thickness) in a U-shape. A method was used to check for cracking by bending the material and boiling it in a chromic acid mixture for 30 minutes. In addition, the residual radioactivity evaluation in Table 2 is D-
This is done based on the residual radioactivity level one month after the T-reaction, and the ○ mark in the table indicates a level that poses almost no problem even if humans approach (<10 -2 mrem/hr).
In addition, the △ mark indicates the level (10 -1 to 10 -2 mrem/hr) that requires some consideration, and the × mark indicates the level at which humans come close to structural materials made of the alloy, such as the vacuum vessel of a nuclear fusion reactor. No level (>10 -1 mrem/
hr) are shown respectively. As is clear from the results in Table 2 below, all A alloys in the alloy composition range according to the present invention have low IACS values, in other words, high electrical resistance values, and extremely high tensile strengths useful as structural materials. It shows the value. In addition, the alloy composition of No. 17 has a Mg content of 8.0%.
Due to the above, machining cracks occur, and
In the alloy composition of No. 18, stress corrosion cracking occurred because Bi was not added, making it undesirable as a structural material. Furthermore, since the Mg and Bi contents are out of the range of the present invention as in Nos. 19 and 20, both the IACS value and the σ B value are lower than those of alloy compositions 1 to 16 according to the present invention. recognized as inferior.

【表】【table】

【表】【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 重量で、4.0〜8.0%のMg,0.001〜0.02%の
Beおよび0.05〜0.50%のBiを含み、且つ0.05〜
0.20%のTi,0.05〜0.40%のCr,0.05〜0.30%の
Zr,0.05〜0.35%のV及び0.05〜0.30%のWから
なる群より選ばれた1種または2種以上を含み、
残りがAおよび不可避的不純物からなる、電気
抵抗を高めた構造用低放射化アルミニウム合金。 2 電気抵抗値が5.7μΩcm以上であり、且つ引
張強度:σBが30Kg/mm2以上である特許請求の範
囲第1項記載のアルミニウム合金。
[Claims] 1. 4.0-8.0% Mg, 0.001-0.02% by weight
Contains Be and 0.05~0.50% Bi, and 0.05~
0.20% Ti, 0.05~0.40% Cr, 0.05~0.30%
Containing one or more selected from the group consisting of Zr, 0.05 to 0.35% V and 0.05 to 0.30% W,
A structural low-activation aluminum alloy with increased electrical resistance, the remainder consisting of A and unavoidable impurities. 2. The aluminum alloy according to claim 1, which has an electrical resistance value of 5.7 μΩcm or more and a tensile strength: σ B of 30 Kg/mm 2 or more.
JP22881482A 1982-12-29 1982-12-29 Structural aluminum alloy with low radiation characteristic and improved electric resistance Granted JPS59123734A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP22881482A JPS59123734A (en) 1982-12-29 1982-12-29 Structural aluminum alloy with low radiation characteristic and improved electric resistance

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP22881482A JPS59123734A (en) 1982-12-29 1982-12-29 Structural aluminum alloy with low radiation characteristic and improved electric resistance

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59123734A JPS59123734A (en) 1984-07-17
JPS6139390B2 true JPS6139390B2 (en) 1986-09-03

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JP22881482A Granted JPS59123734A (en) 1982-12-29 1982-12-29 Structural aluminum alloy with low radiation characteristic and improved electric resistance

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Country Link
JP (1) JPS59123734A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61262448A (en) * 1985-05-13 1986-11-20 Kobe Steel Ltd Continuous casting method for thin sheet of al-mg alloy

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