JPS6143592B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an improvement in an air valve for discharging air in a water passage such as a water pipe or conversely sucking air in a water passage. In particular, the present invention relates to an air valve that can improve intake and exhaust capacity.

(Prior art) Generally, a bottomed cylindrical guide tube with a main valve and a float valve inside is provided in the valve box, and when there is no water or pressure in the water pipe, the main valve and float valve are inserted into the guide tube. A well-known type of air valve allows air to freely enter and exit from a large-volume intake/exhaust port in the center of the upper lid of the valve box at the bottom or lower limit position of the valve box.

In an air valve with such a configuration, the large volume exhaust action at the time of initial water flow is such that the air in the water flow pipe passes from the valve box inlet through the flow path gap formed by the outer circumferential surface of the guide cylinder and the inner circumferential surface of the valve box. This is done by flowing out to the outside through a window hole drilled in the upper circumferential side of the guide tube.

As this mass evacuation operation progresses, water in the water flow pipe flows into the guide cylinder through the water flow hole.
The float valve and the main valve rise due to the buoyancy of the water, and the main valve closes the large volume intake and exhaust port and shuts off the water.After that, each time a predetermined amount of air accumulates in the valve box, the float valve lowers slightly. , a so-called small volume exhaust is performed in which air is discharged to the outside from a small volume intake/exhaust port of the main valve.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the case of the above air valve, if the blow-up limit point, that is, the point at which the float valve and the main valve block the large-volume intake and exhaust ports, is low, the air in the valve box will not be able to escape. If this condition is not met, the large-volume intake and exhaust port will be suddenly blocked by the main valve, and as a result, a water hammer phenomenon will occur in the water passage pipe, which may cause accidents such as pipe breakage, and the exhaust capacity will deteriorate.

In addition, if water does not easily enter the guide cylinder, the float valve and main valve will rise due to the buoyancy of the water, blocking the large-volume intake and exhaust ports and causing water to flow through the large-volume intake and exhaust ports. The amount of outflow increases.

Therefore, it is desirable for this type of air valve to have a high blow-up limit point and to have as short a time as possible until the main valve closes the large volume intake and exhaust port and shuts off the water.

Factors that can be considered to affect the blow-up limit point are: First, because the top surface of the main valve is flat, negative pressure is created on the top surface of the main valve due to the flow flowing out from the window hole of the guide tube to the outside from the large-volume intake/exhaust port during large-volume exhaust. The negative pressure causes the main valve to be sucked upward, and secondly, the air that flows into the guide cylinder from the water flow hole in the guide cylinder during mass exhaust does not escape to the outside, so the main valve is forced upward. It is thought that this acts as a force and pushes the main valve upward.

In addition, factors that can be considered to affect the time it takes for the main valve to close the large-volume intake and exhaust ports and shut off the water are the diameter, number, and location of the water flow holes in the guide cylinder. At the same time, it also affects the blow-up limit point.Secondly, in the case of air valves that have a filter between the outer peripheral surface of the guide cylinder and the inner peripheral surface of the valve box, the circumference of the filter and the guide cylinder It is conceivable that the positional relationship with the water flow hole on the wall affects the blow-up limit point.

(Means for solving the problems) The present invention was invented in view of the current situation, and
The purpose of this is to make it easier for the air that has flowed into the guide tube through the water flow hole to escape to the outside during mass exhaust, to make the top surface of the main valve a shape that makes it difficult for negative pressure to occur, and to make the water flow hole in the guide tube easier to escape. It has a structure that satisfies the two points of improving the blow-up limit point and blocking the large-volume intake and exhaust ports in a short period of time. Until the large-volume intake/exhaust port is closed and the water is stopped, a ventilation path is provided to guide the air that has flowed into the guide tube to the large-volume intake/exhaust port, and the total opening area of the ventilation path is adjusted to the water flow through the guide tube. The total opening area of the holes is approximately the same.

In addition, in the type of air valve equipped with a filter, the filter is made of metal and is installed below the water flow hole on the peripheral wall of the guide tube, which solves the problems of the conventional air valve. It is resolved.

(Function) As described above, the present invention has a shape of the top surface of the main valve.
Because it is formed into a medium-height conical shape, when the air inside the valve box escapes from the large-volume intake/exhaust port, negative pressure does not occur on the top surface of the main valve. The valve does not block the bulk intake and exhaust ports.

In addition, a special ventilation path is provided in the main valve, and until the main valve closes the large-volume intake and exhaust port and shuts off the water, the air in the guide cylinder is guided to the large-volume intake and exhaust port, which means that the air inside the valve box is When a large amount of air is exhausted, the air that flows into the guide cylinder through the water flow hole escapes through the specially provided air passage, so the main valve is pushed up by the air in the guide cylinder and rapidly closes the large volume intake and exhaust port and shuts off the water. There's nothing to do.

Moreover, since the total opening area of the air passage and the total opening area of the water flow holes in the guide tube are balanced so that they are approximately the same, air flows into the guide tube through the water flow holes. Since the amount of air that escapes from the air passage of the main valve is balanced, the main valve itself will not operate suddenly and block the large-volume intake/exhaust port.

(Example) An example of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

First, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In the figures, 1 is a generally short cylindrical shape that is integrally formed of cast metal or the like and whose upper and lower ends are open. The valve box 1 is equipped with a bottomed cylindrical guide tube 2, and 3 is a flow path formed by the outer circumferential surface of the guide tube 2 and the inner circumferential surface of the valve box 1. Indicates a gap.

The bottom wall surface of the guide tube 2 is formed into a substantially hemispherical shape, and water flow holes 5 and 7 that conduct the inside and outside of the guide tube 2 are bored in the bottom and approximately middle circumferential walls, and the guide tube A guide tube 2 is attached to the upper peripheral wall of the tube 2.
A plurality of large ventilation holes 6 are respectively formed to communicate the inside and the above-mentioned flow path gap. Reference numeral 8 denotes an annular metal filter disposed within the flow path gap 3 and between the bottom water flow hole 5 of the guide cylinder 2 and the peripheral wall water flow hole 7, and is a ring-shaped metal filter that is disposed within the flow path gap 3 and between the bottom water flow hole 5 of the guide tube 2 and the peripheral wall water flow hole 7. Filters dust from the fluid.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a holding plate attached to the upper open end of the valve box 1, and a center portion of the holding plate 9 has a diameter that is the same as the lower inlet port 4 of the valve box 1 and is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide tube 2. A large-volume intake port 10 with a slightly smaller diameter is also provided.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a main valve that is housed in the front guide cylinder 2 so as to be able to rise and fall freely, and a small intake/exhaust port 12 is formed in the center of the main valve 11. A conical bulge 13 is formed on the upper surface of the main valve 11 to prevent negative pressure from occurring due to air flow during mass exhaustion. Reference numeral 14 denotes a horizontal hole-shaped ventilation passage disposed on the peripheral wall of the main valve 11 and communicating between the guide tube 2 and the flow passage gap. The total opening area of the guide tube 2 is set to be equal to at least the total opening area of the water flow holes 5 and 7 formed in the guide tube 2. Then, during the period from the lower limit position of the main valve 11 to the time when the large volume intake/exhaust port 10 is blocked and water stopped, the air passage 1
4. Through the window hole 6, the guide tube 2 and the mass intake/exhaust port 1
There is communication between 0 and 0.

In the figure, reference numeral 15 indicates an O-ring-shaped valve seat located on the outer peripheral side of the mass intake/exhaust port 10 and fitted and fixed to the lower surface of the holding plate 9.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a float valve that is loosely fitted into the guide cylinder 2 so as to be able to rise and fall freely, and this float valve 16
, which closes the intake/exhaust port 12 by a small amount at the upper limit position.

The air valve of the present invention having such a configuration includes a valve box 1
An inlet 4 is connected to a water flow pipe (not shown) via an on-off valve (not shown).

The air valve according to the present invention operates as follows.

FIG. 1 shows a state in which there is no water or pressure in the water passageway, and in this state, air can freely enter and exit the valve box 1 through the large-volume intake and exhaust ports.

When water starts flowing into the water pipe from this state, the air in the water pipe flows from the inlet 4 through the flow path interval 3 to the ventilation window hole of the guide tube 2, as shown by the imaginary arrow line in FIG. 6 and is discharged to the outside from the mass intake port 10. At this time, since the upper surface of the main valve 11 has a medium-height conical shape, a negative pressure portion is hardly generated on the upper surface of the main valve 11, and therefore the main valve 11 is not sucked upward by negative pressure. Also, some of the air is
from the flow path gap 3 to the water flow holes 5, 7 of the guide tube 2.
The air flows into the guide cylinder 2 from there, passes through the air passage 14 of the main valve 11 and the air vent hole 6, and is discharged to the outside through the large-volume intake/exhaust port 10. Therefore, the main valve 11 is not pushed up by the air flowing into the guide cylinder 2.

Next, as the mass exhaust operation progresses, water in the water flow pipe flows into the valve box 1 from the inlet 4 via the on-off valve (not shown), and the air in the valve box 1 is sequentially pushed out. The water is raised and discharged to the outside through the large-volume intake/exhaust port 10, and at the same time, water flows into the guide tube 2 through its water flow holes 5 and 7.

As the water level of the water flowing into the guide tube 2 rises, the float valve 16 moves to the main valve 1 due to the buoyancy of the water.
The main valve 11 is closed with the small amount intake/exhaust port 12 of 1 closed.
When the upper limit position is reached, the main valve 11
is in pressure contact with the lower surface of the valve seat 15, and the mass intake/exhaust port 10
The water is completely blocked and the water is stopped, and the state shown in FIG. 2 is reached, and exhaustion and the blocking of the large-volume intake/exhaust port 10 and water supply are completed.

After that, as time passes, the air in the water flowing through the water pipe gradually accumulates on the lower surface side of the main valve 11 from the inlet 4, and the weight of the float valve 16 is reduced by the buoyancy of the float valve 16 due to the water and the internal pressure of the valve box 1. When the force acting on the small intake/exhaust port 12 is overcome, the float valve 16
The main valve 1 descends slightly and opens the intake/exhaust port 12 for a small amount.
The air accumulated on the lower surface side of 1 is exhausted. After this discharge, the buoyancy of the float valve 16 due to the water and the force acting on the small amount intake/exhaust port 12 due to the internal pressure of the valve box 1 overcome the weight of the float valve 16, causing the float valve 16 to rise again and the small amount intake/exhaust port 12 is blocked and the small amount exhaust operation ends. Thereafter, each time a predetermined amount of air accumulates in the valve box 1, the small amount exhaust operation is automatically repeated.

In addition, in the condition shown in Figure 2, if the water in the water pipe is drained during repair work, etc., the valve box 1
Naturally, the water level in the valve box 1 and the water flow pipe will fall, and accordingly, the float valve 16 and the main valve 11 will each lower in sequence, and the large volume exhaust port 10 will be opened. Since the water pipes are introduced without any negative pressure, the water pipes do not become under negative pressure, and there is no risk of damage to the water pipes due to negative pressure phenomena.

Next, referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
An example will be explained.

In this embodiment, instead of providing the horizontal hole-shaped ventilation path 14 in the peripheral wall of the main valve 11 that communicates the inside of the guide tube 2 and the ventilation window hole 6 as in the first embodiment, the main valve 11 is
A vent passage 14a is formed between the inner circumferential surface of the guide tube 2 and the outer circumferential surface of the main body 11 by vertically arranging an arbitrary number of grooves 20 on the circumferential wall of the guide tube 2. During mass exhaust, the air flowing into the guide tube 2 through the water flow holes 5 and 7 is transported through the air passage 14a formed by the groove 20.
It is discharged from the large-volume intake/exhaust port 10 through. still,
The depth of this groove 20 is set such that its bottom 22 is located on the outer peripheral side of the valve seat 15 at the periphery of the large-volume intake/exhaust port 10, and the main valve 11 closes the large-volume intake/exhaust port 10 at the upper limit position. In this case, the concave groove 20
It is formed so that the water in the valve box 1 does not flow out through the large volume intake/exhaust port 10. The other configurations and operations of this second embodiment are completely the same as those of the first embodiment, so the same parts in the drawings are given the same reference numerals and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

Furthermore, FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, in which a plurality of vertical rib protrusions 30 are arranged on the inner circumferential wall surface of the guide tube 2, so that the inner circumferential surface of the guide tube 2 and A ventilation passage 14b is formed between the main valve 11 and the outer peripheral surface thereof. Then, during mass exhaust, guide tube 2
The air flowing into the interior from the water flow holes 5 and 7 passes through the air passage 14b formed by the rib protrusion 30 to the mass intake/exhaust port 1.
Ejected from 0. In addition, the protrusion height of this vertical rib protrusion 30 (protrusion amount with respect to the central direction of the guide cylinder 2)
is set to be on the outer peripheral side of the valve seat 15 at the periphery of the large-volume intake/exhaust port 10 of the holding plate 9, and the main valve 11
When the large-volume intake/exhaust port 10 is closed at the upper limit position, air from the large-volume intake/exhaust port 10 in the valve box 1 is passed through the air passage 14b between the outer circumferential surface of the main valve 11 and the inner circumferential surface of the guide cylinder 2. Constructed to prevent water from flowing out. The other configurations and operations of the third embodiment are completely the same as those of the first embodiment, so the same parts in the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

Next, the effects of the configuration of each part according to the present invention will be described based on the results of experiments conducted using the following method.

A Formation of the main valve (1) φ12 on the peripheral wall of the main valve with a flat top surface.
With 6 mm holes.

(2) A medium-high conical bulge (as shown in each example) is formed on the upper surface, and a diameter of 12 mm is formed on the peripheral wall surface.
It has 6 holes.

(3) φ12mm on the main valve surrounding wall with a flat top surface
It has 18 holes.

As a result of experiments using each of the main valves having the configurations (1) to (3) as air valves of conventional structure, it was found that in the case of (1), the air blew up at a rate of about 20 m ³ /min.
In cases (2) and (3), the air did not blow up.

This means that if the top surface of the main valve has a conical shape with a medium height as shown in (2), rather than a flat plate shape as shown in (1) and (3), negative pressure will be less likely to occur due to airflow, and therefore negative pressure will be less likely to occur. Therefore, the main valve is not sucked upward, so the blow-up limit point is improved, and the blow-up limit point is higher when holes are provided on the peripheral wall of the main valve than when no holes are provided.
Moreover, the higher the number of holes, the higher the blow-up limit point becomes. A comparison of the blow-up limit points in (1), (2), and (3) above is shown in a graph as shown in FIG.

B. Relationship between the water flow holes in the guide cylinder and the time it takes to block the water intake and exhaust ports.

(1) One φ5mm water flow hole is installed only at the bottom of the guide tube.
No water flow holes are provided on the individual surrounding walls.

(2) φ5mm water flow hole and φ10mm at the bottom of the guide tube
One water flow hole is provided in each of the holes, and there is no water flow hole at all on the peripheral wall surface of the approximately middle portion.

(3) φ5mm water flow hole and φ10mm at the bottom of the guide tube
One water flow hole is provided in each case, and one water flow hole with a diameter of 10 mm is provided on the peripheral wall surface of the approximately middle portion.

(4) One φ5mm water passage hole and one φ10mm water passage hole are provided at the bottom of the guide cylinder, and three φ10mm water passage holes are provided on the peripheral wall surface of the approximately middle portion.

(5) One φ5mm water passage hole and one φ10mm water passage hole are provided at the bottom of the guide tube, and six φ10mm water passage holes are provided on the peripheral wall surface of the approximately middle portion.

(6) One φ5mm water flow hole is provided at the bottom of the guide cylinder and six φ10mm water flow holes are provided on the approximately middle circumferential wall.

When each of the guide tubes having the configurations (1) to (6) was installed in a conventionally configured air valve and the water stop time was measured, the following results were obtained.

Water stop time (1): Approx. 9 seconds (2): Approx. 3 seconds (3): Approx. 2.5 seconds (4): Approx. 2 seconds (5): Approx. 1.8 seconds (6): Approx. 2 seconds Based on this, the more water holes there are in the guide cylinder, the shorter the time required for water to stop.
However, on the other hand, if we look at the blow-up limit point, it is clear that the blow-up limit point will be improved if the guide tube is not provided with water flow holes because the air that pushes up the main valve will not flow into the guide tube during large volume exhaust. It is. A comparison of the blow-up limit points for (1) and (6) above is shown in a graph as shown in Fig. 7. If a water flow hole is not provided, it will be difficult for water to flow into the guide cylinder, and the time required for the main valve to close the large-volume intake port and shut off the water due to the buoyancy-increasing effect of the water will increase. The amount of water flowing will increase. Therefore, in order to minimize the time it takes for the main valve to block the large-volume intake and exhaust ports and shut off the water, water flow holes in the guide cylinder are necessary. Therefore, it has been found that the diameter, number, location, etc. of the water flow holes must be set so as to satisfy the two points of shortening the water stop time and improving the blow-up limit point.

Based on the above experimental results, by balancing the total opening area of the main valve's air passage and the total opening area of the water flow holes in the guide tube so that they are approximately the same, the main valve's large-volume suction An air valve with high responsiveness and functionality as a safety valve was obtained by shortening the blockage of water at the exhaust port and minimizing the amount of water flowing through the large-volume suction and discharge port.

C Positional relationship between the filter body and water flow holes.

(1) A filter body was provided so as to hide the water flow holes on the peripheral wall surface of the guide tube at approximately the middle.

(2) A filter body was provided above the water flow hole on the peripheral wall surface of the approximately middle portion of the guide tube.

(3) A filter body was provided below the water flow hole on the peripheral wall surface of the approximately middle portion of the guide cylinder.

When we conducted an experiment with the same structure of the guide cylinder and only the mounting position of the filter body changed as shown in (1) to (3) above, in the case of (1), the air blew up at 13.6 m ³ /min, and (2) In case (1), the air rose faster than in case (1), and in case (3) it rose at 17.1m ³ /min.

In other words, (2) is the lowest blow-up limit point, and (1) is the middle point.
(3) is the strongest, and changing from (2) to (3) improved the blow-up limit point by approximately 20% (see Figure 8). This is the result that by providing the filter body below the water flow hole on the peripheral wall surface of the guide cylinder, it is possible to remove dust in the fluid and prevent clogging of the small intake and exhaust port of the main valve. If this filter body is made of a metal material, unlike conventional synthetic resin filter bodies, there is no risk of it being torn up by the circulating air pressure during mass exhaust, and it also improves durability. It can also be applied to

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, the present invention allows the air that has flowed into the guide cylinder to be immediately discharged to the outside from the mass intake/exhaust port through the ventilation path during mass exhaust.
Since the main valve is not pushed up by the air flowing into the guide cylinder, the blow-up limit point is improved.

In addition, in the present invention, since water flows into the guide cylinder extremely smoothly, the time required for the main valve to rise due to the buoyancy of the water and block the large-volume intake and exhaust ports and shut off the water can be extremely shortened. Since it can shut off water more than three times faster than an air valve, it has many beneficial effects, such as reducing the amount of water flowing out from the large-volume intake and exhaust ports.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the air valve in a large volume exhaust state according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the main valve in the second embodiment;
The figure is a cross-sectional view of an air valve that is equipped with the same main valve as shown in FIG. Comparison chart of blow-up limit points due to shape changes, No. 7
The figure is a comparison table of the blow-up limit points when the holes in the guide cylinder are changed, and FIG. 8 is a comparison table of the blow-up limit points when the filter mounting position is changed. 1... Valve box, 2... Guide tube, 3... Channel gap,
4...Inflow port, 5...Water flow hole, 6...Vent hole, 7...Water flow hole, 8...Metal filter,
9... Holding plate, 10... Mass intake/exhaust port, 11...
Main valve, 12...Small intake/exhaust port, 13...Mid-high conical bulge, 14, 14a, 14b...Vent passage, 1
6...Float valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A valve box having an inlet at the bottom and a large-volume intake/exhaust port having the same diameter as the inlet at the top, a ventilation window in the upper peripheral wall, and a ventilation window below the window. a guide cylinder provided in the valve box with a flow passage gap between the outer circumferential surface and the inner circumferential surface of the valve box, each having a water flow hole, and a small intake/exhaust port provided in the center; a main valve that is movable up and down in the guide cylinder and closes and shuts off the large volume intake and exhaust port at the upper limit position; In an air valve consisting of a float valve that closes a port, the upper surface of the main valve is formed into a medium-height conical shape, and the main valve has a large-volume intake and exhaust port that is closed before water flows into the guide cylinder. An air valve characterized in that a ventilation passage is provided for leading air to a large volume intake/exhaust port, and the total opening area of the ventilation passage and the total opening area of the water flow holes of the guide tube are approximately the same. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a metal filter is interposed between the inner circumferential surface of the valve box and the outer circumferential surface of the guide tube, and is positioned below the water flow hole in the peripheral wall surface of the guide tube. air valve.