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JPS6146486B2 - - Google Patents
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JPS6146486B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6146486B2
JPS6146486B2 JP20512981A JP20512981A JPS6146486B2 JP S6146486 B2 JPS6146486 B2 JP S6146486B2 JP 20512981 A JP20512981 A JP 20512981A JP 20512981 A JP20512981 A JP 20512981A JP S6146486 B2 JPS6146486 B2 JP S6146486B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
reaction
tubular reactor
phosgene
aqueous solution
polycarbonate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP20512981A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS58108226A (en
Inventor
Tatsuya Tomioka
Nobuo Ogata
Tsutomu Kimura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd filed Critical Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
Priority to JP20512981A priority Critical patent/JPS58108226A/en
Publication of JPS58108226A publication Critical patent/JPS58108226A/en
Publication of JPS6146486B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6146486B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明はポリカーボネートオリゴマーの連続製
造法に関し、詳しくはビスフエノールA等のジオ
キシ化合物とホスゲンとを管型反応器中で反応さ
せるにあたつて、管型反応器の二箇所以上の位置
からホスゲンを導入することによつて、均一性の
高いポリカーボネートオリゴマーを効率よく連続
的に製造する方法に関する。 従来から、ジオキシ化合物のアルカリ水溶液と
不活性有機溶剤との混合物にホスゲンを反応させ
てポリカーボネートオリゴマーを製造することは
広く知られている。しかし、この反応を回分式あ
るいは充填塔式で行なうと、反応が定常状態にな
りにくく、また反応熱の除去が困難であるため、
得られるオリゴマーの性質が均一にならないとい
う欠点がある。 この欠点を改良するものとして、ジオキシ化合
物の苛性アルカリ水溶液とポリカーボネートオリ
ゴマー用有機溶剤を管型反応器に導入して、混相
流を形成せしめ、これにホスゲンを並流反応させ
て、発生する反応熱を有機溶剤の気化熱として除
去する方法が開発されている(特公和46−21460
号公報)。しかしながら、この方法では反応熱の
除去を行なうことはできるが、ホスゲン化反応が
有機溶剤の沸点近くの高温で進行することおよび
有機溶剤を凝縮させるために比較的長い反応器を
必要とすることにより、ホスゲンの分解や生成し
たクロロホーメート基の加水分解などが起り、必
ずしも高品質のオリゴマーを得ることはできな
い。また反応熱の除去を効果的にするために、低
沸点の有機溶剤を用いることも考えられるが、揮
発性が高く実際には使用が困難である。 さらに反応に際して生ずる反応熱を除去する方
法として、ホスゲン化反応の初期の反応生成物を
一定温度に維持された多量の反応生成物と接触さ
せる方法が提案されている(特公昭54−40280号
公報)。しかし、この方法ではホスゲン化反応の
初期段階のコントロールが困難であると共に副次
的な反応が起こるため高品質のオリゴマーを得る
ことができないという本質的な欠点がある。 また最近、アルカリ性水溶液を0℃以下に保冷
し、この冷水溶液にホスゲンを反応させて反応熱
の吸収を効果的に行なう方法が提案されている。
(特開昭55−52321号公報)。しかしながらこの方
法では反応温度を低く抑えることはできるが、こ
のような低温度では有機溶剤として最もよく用い
られるメチレンクロライドが水溶液と接触すると
水和物が形成されて反応系がシヤーベツト状にな
り、工業的に有利な管型反応器を用いた連続製造
法には適用できないという制約がある。 本発明は、これらの欠点の解消された工業的に
有利な高品質オリゴマーの製造方法を提供するこ
とを目的とし、その構成はジオキシ化合物のアル
カリ水溶液とホスゲンとを有機溶剤の存在下に管
型反応器中で反応させてポリカーボネートオリゴ
マーを製造するにあたり、管型反応器の二箇所以
上の位置からホスゲンを反応系に導入することを
特徴とするポリカーボネートオリゴマーの連続製
造法である。 本発明におけるジオキシ化合物としては、2,
2−ビス(4′−オキシフエニル)プロパン(ビス
フエノールA)などをはじめとするポリカーボネ
ート用原料として知られているフエノール系化合
物などがあげられる。 また上記ジオキシ化合物のアルカリ水溶液に用
いるアルカリは、苛性ソーダ、苛性カリ、水酸化
カルシウムなどの強塩基性の水酸化物などが充当
される。ここでアルカリ水溶液のアルカリ濃度
は、各種条件に応じて異なり、一義的に定めるこ
とはできないが、通常は3〜10wt%、好ましく
は4.5〜7.5wt%である。さらに、このアルカリ水
溶液中の前記ジオキシ化合物の濃度は、特に制限
はなく適宜定めればよいが、通常の場合は5〜
17wt%、好ましくは10〜15wt%とすべきであ
る。 次に、本発明に用いる有機溶剤としては、ジオ
キシ化合物やホスゲンに対して不活性なものであ
り、しかも生成するポリカーボネートオリゴマー
を溶解するものがよく、例えば、メチレンクロラ
イド;テトラクロルエタン;1,2−ジクロルエ
チレン;クロロホルム;クロルベンゼン;トルエ
ン;キシレン;ジオキサン;アセトフエノンなど
があげられる。 本発明の方法では、上述のジオキシ化合物のア
ルカリ水溶液と有機溶剤を管型反応器に導入して
混相流を形成し、この混相流にホスゲンを吹込ん
で反応させる。あるいはジオキシ化合物のアルカ
リ水溶液を管型反応器に導入し、これにホスゲン
を溶解した有機溶剤を注入して反応させることも
できる。この際ホスゲンは、管型反応器の二箇所
以上の位置から反応系に導入することが必要であ
る。管型反応器の一箇所のみからホスゲンを集中
的に導入すると、導入箇所周辺の反応系において
ホスゲン化反応が著しく進行して発熱し、ホスゲ
ンの分解等の副次的な反応が起こると共に生成す
るオリゴマーが反応系全体で不均一なものとな
り、高品質のポリカーボネートオリゴマーを得る
ことができない。これに対して、本発明の方法の
如く、反応器の数箇所から分散してホスゲンを反
応系に導入すれば、反応系全体にわたつてほぼ一
様にホスゲン化反応が進み、特定箇所のみが異常
に反応が進行して著しく発熱するという事態を避
けることができ、その結果、均一かつ高品質のポ
リカーボネートオリゴマーを得ることができる。 なお、管型反応器に導入すべきジオキシ化合物
のアルカリ水溶液および有機溶剤の温度は、通常
は30℃以下、好ましくは10℃以下とし、また導入
すべき有機溶剤の量は、特に制限はなく、生成す
るポリカーボネートオリゴマーを溶解するに足る
量であればよい。さらにホスゲンの導入量につい
ても適宜定めればよいが、通常は管型反応器の複
数箇所から導入する量を合計して、アルカリ水溶
液中のジオキシ化合物1モルに対して1〜3モ
ル、好ましくは1.3〜2モルとすべきである。 一方、上記反応に用いる管型反応器の温度は、
反応系内で生ずる反応熱を速やかに除去できる程
度に低温に維持しておくことが好ましく、一般的
には2℃〜30℃、特に好ましくは2℃〜20℃とす
る。この管型反応器の温度維持は恒温槽等により
行なえばよい。ここで管型反応器の温度が低すぎ
ると反応液の凍結などが生じて連続操作をするこ
とができず、逆に高すぎると反応系内の反応熱が
除去が充分に行なえず、その結果ホスゲンの分解
などが起こり好ましくない。しかし、本発明の方
法では、ホスゲンを管型反応器の数箇所から反応
系へ導入するものであるため、急激に著しい反応
熱が生ずるというおそれがなく、従つて、管型反
応器の維持すべき温度もあまり低温に設定せずと
も差支えない。 また上記管型反応器の形状は特に制限されるも
のではないが、好ましくは管長/管径が8以上の
ものが用いられる。管径が大きすぎるとホスゲン
化反応によつて生ずる反応熱の除去が困難になり
好ましくない。本発明の方法では通常は管型反応
器を2℃〜30℃の範囲に維持する冷媒として水な
どを用いれば充分であるが、この冷媒として低沸
点物質を用い、この物質の気化熱を利用して反応
器を冷却してもよい。 本発明の方法では、管型反応器を用いることお
よびホスゲンを分散して反応系に導入しているこ
とのために、ホスゲン化反応による反応熱は一部
に集中することなく速やかに反応系外に除去され
ることとなる。 従つて、本発明の方法によつて得られるポリカ
ーボネートオリゴマーは、クロロホーメート基分
率の高いものであると同時に、非常に均一性のす
ぐれたオリゴマーとなる。それ故、このオリゴマ
ーを用いて重合を行なえば、均質なポリカーボネ
ートが再現性よく得られ、またこのポリカーボネ
ートは分子量分布が狭く、耐熱性、流動性のすぐ
れた極めて高品質のものとなる。なお、この際の
重合反応は、アルコール、フエノール、p−t−
ブチルフエノール、p−クミルフエノール等の重
合調節剤やトリエチルアミン、トリブチルアミン
等の重合触媒を用いて行なえばよい。 叙上の如く、本発明の方法によれば、簡単な設
備ならびに操作にて、非常に均一性の高いポリカ
ーボネートオリゴマーを連続的に効率よく製造す
ることができる。それ故、本発明の方法は工業的
に極めて価値の高い方法として有効に利用しうる
ものである。 次に本発明の実施例を示す。 実施例1〜3および比較例1,2 7.5wt%苛性ソーダ水溶液5にビスフエノー
ルAを847g溶解し、ビスフエノールAの苛性ソ
ーダ水溶液を調製した。ついで室温に保持した該
ビスフエノールAの苛性ソーダ水溶液およびメチ
レンクロライドをそれぞれ23ml/分、11.5ml/分
の流量で、第1表に示す温度に調節された恒温槽
に設けられた内径6mm、管長4mの管型反応器に
導入し、これにガス状のホスゲンを第1表に示す
流量で、管型反応器入口(位置A)および入口よ
り2mの位置(位置B)において吹きこんだ。管
型反応器からの反応液は内容2の容器に受、所
定時間ごとに抜き出した。 反応液は水溶液相とメチレンクロライド溶液相
に分離し、水溶液相にはビスフエノールAはほと
んど検出されず、供給したビスフエノールAは完
全に反応していた。また水溶液中にメチレンクロ
ライドの微粒子の浮遊もみられなかつた。 このようにして、2時間の定常運転後に得られ
たポリカーボネートオリゴマーの分析を行なつた
結果を第1表に示す。
The present invention relates to a method for continuous production of polycarbonate oligomers, and more specifically, when reacting a dioxy compound such as bisphenol A with phosgene in a tubular reactor, phosgene is released from two or more positions in the tubular reactor. The present invention relates to a method for efficiently and continuously producing highly uniform polycarbonate oligomers by introducing the present invention. It has been widely known that polycarbonate oligomers are produced by reacting phosgene with a mixture of an alkaline aqueous solution of a dioxy compound and an inert organic solvent. However, when this reaction is carried out batchwise or in a packed column, it is difficult for the reaction to reach a steady state, and it is difficult to remove the heat of reaction.
The disadvantage is that the properties of the resulting oligomers are not uniform. To improve this drawback, an aqueous caustic solution of a dioxy compound and an organic solvent for polycarbonate oligomers are introduced into a tubular reactor to form a multiphase flow, and phosgene is reacted in parallel with the flow to generate the reaction heat. A method has been developed to remove organic solvent as heat of vaporization (Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-21460).
Publication No.). However, although this method can remove the heat of reaction, the phosgenation reaction proceeds at high temperatures near the boiling point of the organic solvent and requires a relatively long reactor to condense the organic solvent. , decomposition of phosgene and hydrolysis of the generated chloroformate groups occur, and it is not always possible to obtain high-quality oligomers. Furthermore, in order to effectively remove the heat of reaction, it is possible to use an organic solvent with a low boiling point, but it is difficult to use in practice due to its high volatility. Furthermore, as a method for removing the reaction heat generated during the reaction, a method has been proposed in which the initial reaction product of the phosgenation reaction is brought into contact with a large amount of reaction product maintained at a constant temperature (Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-40280). ). However, this method has essential drawbacks in that it is difficult to control the initial stage of the phosgenation reaction and secondary reactions occur, making it impossible to obtain high-quality oligomers. Recently, a method has been proposed in which an alkaline aqueous solution is kept cool at 0° C. or lower and the cooled aqueous solution is reacted with phosgene to effectively absorb the reaction heat.
(Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 55-52321). However, although this method can keep the reaction temperature low, at such low temperatures, when methylene chloride, which is the most commonly used organic solvent, comes into contact with an aqueous solution, hydrates are formed and the reaction system becomes sherbet-like. There is a restriction that it cannot be applied to a continuous production method using a tubular reactor, which is advantageous in that respect. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an industrially advantageous method for producing high-quality oligomers that eliminates these drawbacks. This is a continuous method for producing polycarbonate oligomers, which is characterized by introducing phosgene into the reaction system from two or more positions in a tubular reactor when producing polycarbonate oligomers by reacting in a reactor. The dioxy compound in the present invention includes 2,
Examples include phenol compounds known as raw materials for polycarbonate, such as 2-bis(4'-oxyphenyl)propane (bisphenol A). The alkali used in the aqueous alkaline solution of the dioxy compound may be a strongly basic hydroxide such as caustic soda, caustic potash, or calcium hydroxide. Although the alkaline concentration of the alkaline aqueous solution varies depending on various conditions and cannot be unambiguously determined, it is usually 3 to 10 wt%, preferably 4.5 to 7.5 wt%. Furthermore, the concentration of the dioxy compound in this alkaline aqueous solution is not particularly limited and may be determined as appropriate;
It should be 17wt%, preferably 10-15wt%. Next, the organic solvent used in the present invention is preferably one that is inert to dioxy compounds and phosgene and that dissolves the polycarbonate oligomer produced, such as methylene chloride; tetrachloroethane; -dichloroethylene; chloroform; chlorobenzene; toluene; xylene; dioxane; acetophenone and the like. In the method of the present invention, an aqueous alkaline solution of the dioxy compound described above and an organic solvent are introduced into a tubular reactor to form a multiphase flow, and phosgene is blown into the multiphase flow to cause a reaction. Alternatively, an alkaline aqueous solution of a dioxy compound can be introduced into a tubular reactor, and an organic solvent in which phosgene is dissolved can be injected into the reactor for reaction. In this case, it is necessary to introduce phosgene into the reaction system from two or more positions in the tubular reactor. If phosgene is intensively introduced from only one point in a tubular reactor, the phosgenation reaction will proceed significantly in the reaction system around the point of introduction, generating heat, and side reactions such as decomposition of phosgene will occur and produce phosgene. The oligomer becomes non-uniform throughout the reaction system, making it impossible to obtain a high-quality polycarbonate oligomer. On the other hand, if phosgene is dispersedly introduced into the reaction system from several locations in the reactor as in the method of the present invention, the phosgenation reaction proceeds almost uniformly throughout the reaction system, and only at specific locations. It is possible to avoid a situation where the reaction progresses abnormally and generates significant heat, and as a result, a uniform and high quality polycarbonate oligomer can be obtained. The temperature of the alkaline aqueous solution of the dioxy compound and the organic solvent to be introduced into the tubular reactor is usually 30°C or lower, preferably 10°C or lower, and the amount of the organic solvent to be introduced is not particularly limited. The amount may be sufficient as long as it dissolves the polycarbonate oligomer to be produced. Furthermore, the amount of phosgene to be introduced may be determined as appropriate, but usually the total amount introduced from multiple locations in the tubular reactor is 1 to 3 mol, preferably 1 to 3 mol per mol of the dioxy compound in the aqueous alkaline solution. It should be between 1.3 and 2 moles. On the other hand, the temperature of the tubular reactor used for the above reaction is
It is preferable to maintain the temperature at a low temperature such that the heat of reaction generated in the reaction system can be quickly removed, generally from 2°C to 30°C, particularly preferably from 2°C to 20°C. The temperature of this tubular reactor may be maintained using a constant temperature bath or the like. If the temperature of the tubular reactor is too low, the reaction solution may freeze, making continuous operation impossible; on the other hand, if it is too high, the reaction heat in the reaction system cannot be removed sufficiently, resulting in This is undesirable as it may cause decomposition of phosgene. However, in the method of the present invention, since phosgene is introduced into the reaction system from several points in the tubular reactor, there is no fear that significant reaction heat will be generated suddenly, and therefore, there is no need to maintain the tubular reactor. There is no problem even if the desired temperature is not set too low. Further, the shape of the tubular reactor is not particularly limited, but one with a tube length/tube diameter of 8 or more is preferably used. If the tube diameter is too large, it becomes difficult to remove the reaction heat generated by the phosgenation reaction, which is not preferable. In the method of the present invention, it is usually sufficient to use water or the like as a refrigerant to maintain the tube reactor at a temperature in the range of 2°C to 30°C, but a low boiling point substance is used as the refrigerant, and the heat of vaporization of this substance is utilized. The reactor may be cooled. In the method of the present invention, since a tubular reactor is used and phosgene is introduced into the reaction system in a dispersed manner, the reaction heat from the phosgenation reaction is not concentrated in one part and is quickly removed from the reaction system. It will be removed. Therefore, the polycarbonate oligomer obtained by the method of the present invention has a high chloroformate group fraction and is an oligomer with very good uniformity. Therefore, if polymerization is carried out using this oligomer, a homogeneous polycarbonate can be obtained with good reproducibility, and this polycarbonate has a narrow molecular weight distribution and is of extremely high quality with excellent heat resistance and fluidity. In addition, the polymerization reaction at this time involves alcohol, phenol, p-t-
This may be carried out using a polymerization regulator such as butylphenol or p-cumylphenol or a polymerization catalyst such as triethylamine or tributylamine. As described above, according to the method of the present invention, highly uniform polycarbonate oligomers can be continuously and efficiently produced using simple equipment and operations. Therefore, the method of the present invention can be effectively used as a method of extremely high industrial value. Next, examples of the present invention will be shown. Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 847 g of bisphenol A was dissolved in 7.5 wt% caustic soda aqueous solution 5 to prepare a caustic soda aqueous solution of bisphenol A. Next, the bisphenol A aqueous solution of caustic soda and methylene chloride kept at room temperature were added at flow rates of 23 ml/min and 11.5 ml/min, respectively, into a thermostat with an inner diameter of 6 mm and a pipe length of 4 m, which was adjusted to the temperature shown in Table 1. into a tubular reactor, and gaseous phosgene was blown into it at the flow rates shown in Table 1 at the tubular reactor inlet (position A) and at a position 2 m from the inlet (position B). The reaction liquid from the tubular reactor was received in a container with content 2, and extracted at predetermined intervals. The reaction solution was separated into an aqueous solution phase and a methylene chloride solution phase, and almost no bisphenol A was detected in the aqueous solution phase, indicating that the supplied bisphenol A had completely reacted. Furthermore, no fine particles of methylene chloride were observed floating in the aqueous solution. The polycarbonate oligomer thus obtained after two hours of steady operation was analyzed and the results are shown in Table 1.

【表】【table】

【表】【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 ジオキシ化合物のアルカリ水溶液とホスゲン
とを有機溶剤の存在下に管型反応器中で反応させ
てポリカーボネートオリゴマーを製造するにあた
り、管型反応器の二箇所以上の位置からホスゲン
を反応系に導入することを特徴とするポリカーボ
ネートオリゴマーの連続製造法。 2 管型反応器の温度が、2℃〜30℃である特許
請求の範囲第1項記載の製造法。
[Scope of Claims] 1. When producing a polycarbonate oligomer by reacting an alkaline aqueous solution of a dioxy compound and phosgene in a tubular reactor in the presence of an organic solvent, phosgene is reacted from two or more positions in the tubular reactor. 1. A continuous production method for polycarbonate oligomers, characterized by introducing into a reaction system. 2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the tubular reactor is 2°C to 30°C.
JP20512981A 1981-12-21 1981-12-21 Continuous preparation of polycarbonate oligomer Granted JPS58108226A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP20512981A JPS58108226A (en) 1981-12-21 1981-12-21 Continuous preparation of polycarbonate oligomer

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP20512981A JPS58108226A (en) 1981-12-21 1981-12-21 Continuous preparation of polycarbonate oligomer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS58108226A JPS58108226A (en) 1983-06-28
JPS6146486B2 true JPS6146486B2 (en) 1986-10-14

Family

ID=16501906

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP20512981A Granted JPS58108226A (en) 1981-12-21 1981-12-21 Continuous preparation of polycarbonate oligomer

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS58108226A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JP2011006367A (en) * 2009-06-26 2011-01-13 Chuo Kaseihin Kk Method for producing bischloroformate compound and solution containing the bischloroformate compound

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