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JPS6146583B2 - - Google Patents
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JPS6146583B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6146583B2
JPS6146583B2 JP57198166A JP19816682A JPS6146583B2 JP S6146583 B2 JPS6146583 B2 JP S6146583B2 JP 57198166 A JP57198166 A JP 57198166A JP 19816682 A JP19816682 A JP 19816682A JP S6146583 B2 JPS6146583 B2 JP S6146583B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
plating
short fibers
fibers
short
conductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP57198166A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5989788A (en
Inventor
Hiroshi Matsumoto
Shuichi Masui
Keijiro Inoe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Uemera Kogyo Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Uemera Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Uemera Kogyo Co Ltd filed Critical Uemera Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority to JP57198166A priority Critical patent/JPS5989788A/en
Publication of JPS5989788A publication Critical patent/JPS5989788A/en
Publication of JPS6146583B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6146583B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、導電性を有する短繊維の電気めつき
方法に関する。 従来より、金属短繊維は導電性プラスチツクフ
イラーや摩擦材等として多量に使用され、将来的
にも有望な材料とされている。このような金属短
繊維として、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、
銅、銅合金、鋼、ステンレススチール、鋳鉄等の
直径10〜600μ、長さ0.5〜6mmのものが現在市販
されているが、これらの金属短繊維は基材そのも
のの材質を利用して各種フイラー等として使用す
るものであり、物性改良或いは保存性改良等のた
めに基材に対して表面処理を施すことはなされて
いない。このため、これら金属短繊維において
は、銅、銅合金、鋼、鋳鉄等の場合は空気雰囲気
中における酸化、酸性雰囲気中に於ける錆、腐蝕
の発生といつた問題がある。 従つて、金属短繊維表面に異質の安定な金属被
覆を施すことは金属短繊維の酸化、錆、腐食の防
止等のために有効な方法であり、またこれら短繊
維表面に銀等の高電導性金属を被覆することによ
り安価な高導電性短繊維を得ることができると考
え、本発明者らは金属短繊維の如き導電性を有す
る短繊維表面に金属被覆を施すことにつき種々検
討した。 このような導電性を有する短繊維に対して金属
被覆を施す方法としては、一般に電気めつき方法
が考えられるが、実際には非常に困難な問題が多
い。例えば精密パーツに用いられるビス、ナツト
等の小物部品であれば、小さなバレルを用いた
り、網付け法を採用したり、或いは遠心力で被め
つき物をめつき槽内壁に密着させてめつきする方
法を採用するなど、種々の方法で電気めつきする
ことが可能であるが、これらの方法では短繊維表
面に均一に電気めつきを施すことは困難であり、
しかも短繊維の長さが長くなるに従つてダンゴ状
になつたりして均質なメツキができない。 また、導電性を有する短繊維を電気めつき液中
に気体を吹込みながら撹拌作用下で流動化させ、
短繊維と電気めつき液とでスラリーを形成し、こ
のスラリーを陰極に接触させて電気めつきを行な
う方法も考えられるが、この方法は装置的、操作
的に繁雑であるなどの問題があり、まためつきの
均一性の点でも問題がある。 更に、導電性を有する短繊維に対する金属被覆
法として化学めつき法も考えられるが、この方法
は電気めつきの5〜10倍のコストがかかり、フイ
ラーとして多量に用いる場合の表面処理方法とし
ては経済的メリツトが全くない上、使用目的によ
つては被膜強度、密着性、品質安定性などの点で
必ずしも満足な性能を示さない場合がある。特に
導電性短繊維としてプラスチツク等に添加、混合
し、各種用途に使用し得る導電性材料を得ようと
する場合、母材となる短繊維に金属めつき膜が所
用の厚みをもつて均一にしかも密着性よく被覆す
ることが必要で、かつその製造コストも安価であ
ることが要求されるが、化学めつき法を採用する
場合にはめつき膜を厚く形成するのにかなりの時
間を要し、まためつき液自体も比較的高価なた
め、製造コストが高価なものになる。また、化学
めつき法では、化学ニツケルめつきによる金属被
覆が実用的であるが、化学ニツケルめつき膜では
銀に比較して導電性、安定性などに劣り、銀粉に
代る導電性材料を得る目的からは十分満足され得
ない。 本発明者らは、上記事情に鑑み、簡単な装置で
導電性を有する短繊維を確実かつ良好に電気めつ
きする方法につき鋭意検討を行なつた結果、めつ
き槽内底面に陰極を形成し、この内底面上に導電
性を有する短繊維を堆積させると共に、この短繊
維をインペラー式撹拌機などを用いた機械的撹拌
下、或いはこの機械的撹拌に超音波振動を併用す
るなどして実質的に短繊維がめつき槽内底面に堆
積した状態を維持しつつ電気めつきすることによ
り、上記目的が達成されることを知見した。 即ち、本発明者らは、最初開放型の傾斜バレル
を使用し、このバレル本体自体を陰極にして内部
に短繊維を入れると共に、バレル本体の開放口よ
り陽極を挿入し、バレルの回転を1〜10rpmの範
囲で種々変化させて電気めつきを行なつたが、均
一な電気めつきが行なわれず、またこの種の回転
バレルの代りに振動バレルを用い、短繊維を振動
下に電気めつきしたが、同様に良好な電気めつき
が行なわれず、いずれの場合も不均一な電着物し
か得られなかつた。このため更に検討を続けた結
果、めつき槽内底面を陰極とし、この内底面上に
短繊維を沈殿、堆積させると共に、この短繊維を
撹拌、好ましくはインペラ式撹拌機等でかきまぜ
るような機械的撹拌を行なうこと、しかも短繊維
を実質的にめつき液中に分散させず、短繊維が沈
殿、堆積を維持してめつき槽内底面から飛散しな
いような条件下にめつきを行なうことにより、初
めて電気めつきを均一に行なうことができ、均一
な電着物が得られることを知見し、本発明をなす
に至つたものである。 以下、本発明につき図面を参照して更に詳しく
説明する。 第1図乃至第4図はそれぞれ本発明方法の実施
に用いるめつき装置の一例を示すもので、図中1
はめつき槽であり、本発明においてはこのめつき
槽1の内底面1aに陰極を形成する。めつき槽1
の内底面1aに陰極を形成する方法としては、第
1,2,4図に示したように、めつき槽1を金
属、好ましくはステンレススチールで形成し、そ
の内側面にプラスチツクコーテイングにより絶縁
層2を形成し、めつき槽1の内底面のみを金属露
呈部とすると共に、めつき槽1に陰極リード線3
を接続したり、第3図に示したように、めつき槽
1をプラスチツクにて形成し、その内底面1a上
に金属板、好ましくはステンレススチール板より
なる陰極板4を配設すると共に、この陰極板4に
陰極リード線3を接続するなどの方法が採用し得
る。 本発明においては、めつき槽1の陰極を形成し
た内底面1a上に被めつき物である導電性を有す
る短繊維5を沈殿、堆積させ、この短繊維5の上
方に陽極リード線6に接続された陽極7を配置さ
せ、所定の電気めつき液8を用いて電気めつきを
行なうものであるが、この場合、短繊維5にはこ
れを撹拌、好ましくは短繊維をかきまぜるような
機械的撹拌を行なわせるものである。短繊維5を
機械的撹拌する方法としては、図面に示すような
インペラー式撹拌機9が好適に使用され、その先
端羽根部9aを短繊維5中に埋没させるように配
設して短繊維5を撹拌する方法が効果的である。
この撹拌機9の回転数は必ずしも制限されない
が、短繊維5をめつき槽1の内底面1aから上方
に激しく飛散させないようなゆるやかな速度であ
ることが好ましく、特に短繊維の長さが6mm前後
もしくはそれ以上になると繊維同士が撹拌によつ
てからみつき、均一なメツキが得られなくなる場
合が生じるため、特に低速で撹拌することが好ま
しい。また、低速撹拌と共に高速撹拌を短時間毎
に取り入れ、短繊維の堆積を待つて断続的に電着
する方法も好適に採用し得る。いずれにしても、
短繊維5が実質的にめつき槽1の内底面1a上に
沈殿、堆積している状態を維持し得るように撹拌
すべきで、短繊維の材質、比重、径、長さ等によ
つても相違するが、通常1〜180rpm、特に2〜
100rpmの回転速度が採用され得る。また、撹拌
機9は連続的に回転させても、断続的に回転させ
てもよい。 更に、本発明においては、第2図に示すよう
に、内部に温水11が満たされた温水槽12内底
面に電源13と接続された超音波発振器14を配
設し、更にこの超音波発振器14上にめつき槽1
を配設して、インペラー式撹拌機9による低速撹
拌と共に超音波発振器14による超音波振動を短
繊維5に与える方法も好適に採用し得、これによ
り短繊維5の堆積状態を良好に変化させて均一な
電着物を得ることができる。 なお、必要により、短繊維5の比重が小さかつ
たり、形状が小さかつたりして飛散もしくは浮遊
し易いものの場合は、第4図に示したように、短
繊維5の直上に隔膜10を配設することができ、
これにより短繊維5の飛散を防止して、短繊維5
のめつき槽1内底面1a上への堆積状態を実質的
に維持させることができる。この場合、隔膜10
としては、ポア径0.1〜10μの非導電性のもの、
例えばポリ塩化ビニリデン等が好適に用いられ
る。 本発明において、被めつき物である導電性を有
する短繊維の直径、長さは特に制限されないが、
本発明によれば、通常直径10〜600μ、長さ0.5〜
6mm程度のものを好適に電気めつきし得る。短繊
維の材質は導電性を有し、電気めつき可能なもの
であれば、いずれのものでもよく、例えば銅短繊
維、鉄短繊維、アルミニウム短繊維、真ちゆう短
繊維等の金属短繊維や炭素短繊維等の導電性無機
短繊維、或いは非導電性無機短繊維や有機短繊維
を化学めつき法、真空蒸着法等の適宜な導電化処
理法を用いて導電化したものなどが挙げられる。 これらの短繊維を用いて電気めつきを行なう場
合は、必要によりその材質に応じた前処理を行な
うことができる。例えば、銅短繊維、鉄短繊維な
どにおいては脱脂、酸洗処理を施し、またアルミ
ニウム短繊維などにおいては公知の亜鉛置換処理
を行ない、次いで青化銅ストライクめつきを行な
うなどの前処理を採用することにより、良好な電
気めつきを行なうことができる。また、非導電性
短繊維の場合には、パラジウム等の触媒金属付着
処理を行なつた後、化学ニツケルめつき、化学銅
めつき等の化学めつきを施す公知の化学めつき法
が好適に採用され得、このようにして導電化され
た非導電性短繊維を金属短繊維と同様にして電気
めつきすることができる。 本発明において、電気めつき液の種類は制限さ
れず、銅、ニツケル、クロム、錫、亜鉛、銀、白
金、金、ロジウム、パラジウム等の公知のめつき
液を用いることができる。この場合、めつき液は
酸性液でもアルカリ性液でも好適に使用すること
ができ、またニツケルめつき後銀めつきを行なう
など、多層めつきすることもできる。また、めつ
き条件は、電気めつき液の種類に応じ、適宜な条
件が採用される。例えば電流量は特に制限されな
いが、一般に1×10-4A/g〜1A/gの範囲で適
宜選定され、普通ニツケルめつき液を用いるよう
な場合であれば、室温乃至60℃程度の温度で1×
10-2A/g〜2×10-2A/gの電流でめつきする
ことができ、また青化銀めつき液を用いるような
場合であれば、室温で2×10-3〜8×10-3A/g
の電流でめつきすることができる。 なお、本発明においては、必要によりポンプを
用いてめつき液を循環させ、めつき液を常時新し
いものを交換させながらめつきを行なうようにす
ることができる。 本発明の導電性を有する短繊維への電気めつき
方法は、上述したように、めつき槽内底面に陰極
を形成し、この内底面上に被めつき物である短繊
維を堆積させると共に、この短繊維を撹拌下に実
質的にめつき槽内底面に堆積した状態を維持しつ
つ電気めつきすることを特徴とするもので、この
ように撹拌下で短繊維相互を常に接触させつつ、
従つてめつき槽内底面に形成した陰極と接触させ
つつめつきするものであり、本発明によれば直径
10〜600μ、長さ0.5〜6mm程度というような微小
な短繊維に対しても均一かつ確実に電気めつきを
簡単かつ安価な装置で行なうことができ、密着性
が良好で均一、安定な電着物が得られる。 このようにして得られた電気めつき膜被覆短繊
維は、酸化、錆、腐食が生じ難く、耐熱性、耐薬
品性、耐摩耗性に優れたものであり、摩擦材、導
電性インキ、塗料、接着剤、プラスチツク、プラ
スチツク複合体、コンクリート強化剤、電磁シー
ルド材、接点等の材料として好適に使用し得るも
のである。特に、電気銀めつきを施すことによつ
て得られた銀被膜短繊維は、銀粉とほぼ同等の性
能を有し、しかも銀粉よりも安価に製造できるた
め、銀粉の代替品として極めて有効なものであ
る。このうち、鉄短繊維、銅及び銅合金短繊維に
銀めつきしたものは、素材の有する酸化、錆、腐
食が生じ易いという欠点がカバーされ、しかも優
れた導電性を有するもので、工業的に非常に有用
なものである。 以下、実施例を示し、本発明を具体的に説明す
るが、本発明は下記の実施例に限定されるもので
はない。 〔実施例 1〕 鉄短繊維(直径30μ、長さ3mm)に下記の方法
によりニツケルめつき及び銀めつきを施した。 まず、鉄短繊維20gを脱脂し、次いで水洗、酸
洗、水洗を行なつて鉄短繊維表面の汚れ、酸化膜
を除去した。 なお、脱脂剤は上村工業(株)製アサヒクリーナー
C―4000を50g/用い、これに50〜60℃で約10
分間浸漬、撹拌することにより脱脂を行なつた。 次に、前処理を施した鉄短繊維につき、第1図
に示す如き装置を用い、下記条件により電気ニツ
ケルめつきを施した。 ニツケルめつき条件 めつき液組成 硫酸ニツケル・6水塩 280g/ 塩化ニツケル・6水塩 45 〃 ホウ酸 40 〃 PH 4.2 鉄短繊維 50 g めつき槽(陰極) 300 ステンレススチール製 (内側部をプラスチツクコーテイングし、
内底面のみをステンレススチール露呈部
とした。内底面73mmφ。) 陽極 ニツケル板 めつき液量 200 ml 陰極電流量 1.4×10-2A/g めつき温度 55 ℃ めつき時間 60 分 撹拌 インペラー式撹拌機使用 (回転数 6rpm) ニツケルめつきはめつき槽内底面(陰極)上に
鉄短繊維を沈殿、堆積させて行なつた。 ニツケルめつき後、めつき液を除き、よく水洗
してから下記条件により前記ニツケルめつき膜被
覆鉄短繊維(Ni―Fe短繊維)に銀めつきを施し
た。なお、めつき槽は上と同じものを用い、また
陽極としてはステンレススチール板を使用した。 銀めつき条件 めつき液組成 青化銀 36g/ 青化カリウム 60 〃 炭酸カリウム 45 〃 PH 12.0 ニツケルめつき膜被覆鉄短繊維
約50g めつき液量 200 ml 陰極電流量 6.0×10-3A/g めつき温度 25 ℃ めつき時間 15 分 撹拌 インペラー式撹拌機 使用(回転数60rpm) ニツケルめつき膜被覆鉄短繊維は、約5分で全
体が灰白色になり、15分後には銀白色を呈した。 銀めつき後、めつき液を除き、よく水洗してか
ら過し、乾燥して鉄短繊維にニツケルめつき膜
が被膜し、更に銀めつき膜が被膜した短繊維
(Ag―Ni―Fe短繊維)を得た。 上述した方法で得られたNi―Fe短繊維につ
き、SEM写真とX線マイクロアナライザーによ
るニツケル分布像を調べた結果、ニツケルが鉄短
繊維に均一に電着していることが認められた。ま
た、Ni―Fe短繊維に銀めつき膜を被覆させたAg
―Ni―Fe短繊維も銀が均一に被覆していること
が認められ、上述した方法によつて短繊維を確実
にかつ簡単に電気めつきし得ることが知見され
た。 また、銅短繊維を用いて前記と同様の方法によ
りニツケルめつき及び銀めつきを行なつた。得ら
れたNi―Cu短繊維、Ag―Ni―Cu短繊維を上記と
同様の方法で調べたところ、いずれも電着物が均
一に被覆しているものであつた。 次に、上記電気めつきで得られた各短繊維及び
比較品として未処理の鉄、銅短繊維をそれぞれス
テアリン酸をバインダーとして20Kg/cm2の圧力で
直径10mm、厚さ3mmに加圧成形し、その成形物の
導電性をテスターで調べた。この場合、種々の量
のステアリン酸を用いて加圧成形し、各成形物が
導電性を示す最大限のステアリン酸量を調べた。
結果を表に示す。なお、結果は成形物全体中のス
テアリン酸の量(%はいずれも重量%を示す、以
下同じ)を示し、ステアリン酸量が多い程短繊維
の導電性が良好である。
The present invention relates to a method for electroplating short fibers having electrical conductivity. Traditionally, short metal fibers have been used in large quantities as conductive plastic fillers, friction materials, etc., and are considered to be a promising material in the future. Such short metal fibers include aluminum, aluminum alloy,
Currently, fibers made of copper, copper alloy, steel, stainless steel, cast iron, etc. with a diameter of 10 to 600μ and a length of 0.5 to 6mm are commercially available. The base material is not subjected to any surface treatment to improve its physical properties or storage stability. For this reason, in the case of these metal short fibers, such as copper, copper alloy, steel, cast iron, etc., there are problems such as oxidation in an air atmosphere and rust and corrosion in an acidic atmosphere. Therefore, applying a stable metal coating of a different type to the surface of short metal fibers is an effective method for preventing oxidation, rust, and corrosion of short metal fibers. The present inventors thought that inexpensive highly conductive short fibers could be obtained by coating with a conductive metal, and conducted various studies on applying metal coating to the surface of conductive short fibers such as short metal fibers. Electroplating is generally considered as a method for applying metal coating to such electrically conductive short fibers, but in practice there are many very difficult problems. For example, small parts such as screws and nuts used in precision parts can be plated by using a small barrel, by using the netting method, or by using centrifugal force to bring the object to be plated into close contact with the inner wall of the plating tank. Electroplating can be done in various ways, such as by using a method of
Moreover, as the length of the short fibers increases, they become lumpy and cannot be plated uniformly. In addition, conductive short fibers are fluidized under stirring action while blowing gas into the electroplating solution.
A method of electroplating by forming a slurry with short fibers and an electroplating liquid and bringing this slurry into contact with a cathode is also considered, but this method has problems such as being complicated in terms of equipment and operation. , There is also a problem in terms of uniformity of flashing. Additionally, chemical plating may be considered as a metal coating method for conductive short fibers, but this method costs 5 to 10 times as much as electroplating and is not economical as a surface treatment method when used in large quantities as a filler. Not only does it have no economic merit, but depending on the purpose of use, it may not necessarily show satisfactory performance in terms of film strength, adhesion, quality stability, etc. In particular, when adding or mixing conductive short fibers to plastics, etc. to obtain conductive materials that can be used for various purposes, the metal plating film is coated uniformly on the short fibers as the base material to the required thickness. Moreover, it is necessary to have a coating with good adhesion and to have a low manufacturing cost, but when chemical plating is used, it takes a considerable amount of time to form a thick plating film. Furthermore, since the eyelash liquid itself is relatively expensive, the manufacturing cost is high. In addition, in the chemical plating method, metal coating by chemical nickel plating is practical, but chemical nickel plating film has inferior conductivity and stability compared to silver, so conductive materials are used instead of silver powder. It cannot be fully satisfied from the purpose of obtaining. In view of the above circumstances, the inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies on a method for reliably and effectively electroplating conductive short fibers using a simple device, and as a result, formed a cathode on the bottom surface of the plating tank. , conductive short fibers are deposited on the inner bottom surface, and the short fibers are mechanically stirred using an impeller type stirrer or the like, or ultrasonic vibrations are used in combination with the mechanical stirring, so that the short fibers are practically It has been found that the above object can be achieved by electroplating while maintaining the short fibers deposited on the bottom surface of the plating tank. That is, the present inventors first used an open-type inclined barrel, used the barrel body itself as a cathode to put short fibers inside, and inserted an anode through the open opening of the barrel body to reduce the rotation of the barrel by 1. Electroplating was carried out at various speeds in the range of ~10 rpm, but uniform electroplating was not achieved, and a vibrating barrel was used instead of this type of rotating barrel to electroplate short fibers under vibration. However, similarly good electroplating was not achieved, and in both cases only non-uniform electrodeposits were obtained. As a result of further investigation, we developed a machine that uses the bottom of the plating tank as a cathode, precipitates and deposits the short fibers on this inner bottom, and agitates the short fibers, preferably using an impeller-type stirrer or the like. plating under conditions that do not substantially disperse short fibers in the plating solution, maintain sedimentation and accumulation of short fibers, and prevent them from scattering from the bottom of the plating tank. It was discovered for the first time that electroplating could be carried out uniformly and a uniform electrodeposited material could be obtained by this method, and this led to the present invention. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 each show an example of a plating apparatus used for carrying out the method of the present invention.
This is a plating tank, and in the present invention, a cathode is formed on the inner bottom surface 1a of this plating tank 1. Plating tank 1
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, the method for forming the cathode on the inner bottom surface 1a of the plating tank 1 is to form the plating tank 1 from metal, preferably stainless steel, and coat the inner surface with an insulating layer using plastic coating. 2, and only the inner bottom surface of the plating tank 1 is exposed metal, and the cathode lead wire 3 is connected to the plating tank 1.
As shown in FIG. 3, a plating tank 1 is formed of plastic, and a cathode plate 4 made of a metal plate, preferably a stainless steel plate, is disposed on the inner bottom surface 1a, and A method such as connecting the cathode lead wire 3 to the cathode plate 4 may be adopted. In the present invention, conductive short fibers 5 as a plating material are precipitated and deposited on the inner bottom surface 1a of the plating tank 1 on which the cathode is formed, and an anode lead wire 6 is connected above the short fibers 5. The connected anode 7 is arranged and electroplating is performed using a predetermined electroplating liquid 8. In this case, the short fibers 5 are stirred, preferably using a machine that stirs the short fibers. This allows for targeted stirring. As a method for mechanically stirring the short fibers 5, an impeller type stirrer 9 as shown in the drawing is preferably used, and the tip blade portion 9a is disposed so as to be buried in the short fibers 5. Stirring is an effective method.
The rotational speed of the stirrer 9 is not necessarily limited, but it is preferably a slow speed that does not cause the short fibers 5 to be violently scattered upward from the inner bottom surface 1a of the plating tank 1. In particular, when the short fibers have a length of 6 mm. If the speed is around or above the speed, the fibers may become entangled with each other due to stirring, making it impossible to obtain uniform plating, so it is particularly preferable to stir at a low speed. It is also possible to suitably employ a method in which high-speed stirring is performed at short intervals in addition to low-speed stirring, and electrodeposition is performed intermittently after short fibers are deposited. In any case,
The stirring should be done so that the short fibers 5 can be kept substantially precipitated and deposited on the inner bottom surface 1a of the plating tank 1, depending on the material, specific gravity, diameter, length, etc. of the short fibers. The speed also varies, but usually 1~180rpm, especially 2~180rpm.
A rotation speed of 100 rpm may be employed. Further, the stirrer 9 may be rotated continuously or intermittently. Furthermore, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. Plating tank 1 on top
It is also possible to suitably adopt a method in which the short fibers 5 are provided with low-speed stirring by the impeller type stirrer 9 and ultrasonic vibrations by the ultrasonic oscillator 14 are applied to the short fibers 5, whereby the deposition state of the short fibers 5 can be changed favorably. A uniform electrodeposit can be obtained. If necessary, if the short fibers 5 have a small specific gravity or a small shape and are likely to scatter or float, a diaphragm 10 may be placed directly above the short fibers 5 as shown in FIG. can be set,
This prevents the short fibers 5 from scattering and
The state of deposition on the inner bottom surface 1a of the plating tank 1 can be substantially maintained. In this case, the diaphragm 10
Examples include non-conductive ones with a pore diameter of 0.1 to 10μ,
For example, polyvinylidene chloride or the like is preferably used. In the present invention, the diameter and length of the conductive short fibers to be coated are not particularly limited, but
According to the present invention, the diameter is usually 10~600μ, the length is 0.5~
Thicknesses of about 6 mm can be suitably electroplated. The material of the short fibers may be any material as long as it has conductivity and can be electroplated, such as short metal fibers such as copper short fibers, iron short fibers, aluminum short fibers, brass short fibers, etc. Examples include conductive inorganic short fibers such as short carbon fibers, or non-conductive inorganic short fibers or organic short fibers made conductive using an appropriate conductive treatment method such as chemical plating or vacuum evaporation. It will be done. When electroplating is performed using these short fibers, pretreatment depending on the material can be performed as necessary. For example, short copper fibers, short iron fibers, etc. are subjected to degreasing and pickling treatment, and short aluminum fibers, etc., are subjected to a known zinc substitution treatment, followed by a pretreatment such as bronze strike plating. By doing so, good electroplating can be performed. In addition, in the case of non-conductive short fibers, known chemical plating methods such as chemical nickel plating, chemical copper plating, etc. are preferably used after applying a catalytic metal such as palladium. The non-conductive staple fibers thus made conductive can be electroplated in the same manner as metal staple fibers. In the present invention, the type of electroplating solution is not limited, and known plating solutions such as copper, nickel, chromium, tin, zinc, silver, platinum, gold, rhodium, and palladium can be used. In this case, either an acidic solution or an alkaline solution can be suitably used as the plating solution, and multilayer plating can also be performed, such as nickel plating followed by silver plating. Furthermore, appropriate plating conditions are adopted depending on the type of electroplating solution. For example, although the amount of current is not particularly limited, it is generally selected appropriately within the range of 1 × 10 -4 A/g to 1 A/g, and when using a normal nickel plating solution, the temperature is from room temperature to about 60°C. 1×
It can be plated with a current of 10 -2 A/g to 2 x 10 -2 A/g, and if a bluish silver plating solution is used, it can be plated at a current of 2 x 10 -3 to 8 at room temperature. ×10 -3 A/g
It can be plated with a current of In the present invention, if necessary, a pump can be used to circulate the plating liquid, and plating can be performed while constantly replacing the plating liquid with a new one. As described above, in the electroplating method for conductive short fibers of the present invention, a cathode is formed at the bottom of the plating tank, short fibers to be plated are deposited on the inner bottom of the tank, and short fibers to be plated are deposited. This method is characterized by electroplating the short fibers while keeping them substantially deposited on the bottom surface of the plating tank under stirring. ,
Therefore, the plating is performed while being in contact with the cathode formed on the inner bottom surface of the plating tank, and according to the present invention, the diameter
It is possible to uniformly and reliably electroplat even small short fibers such as 10 to 600 μm and 0.5 to 6 mm in length using a simple and inexpensive device, with good adhesion, uniformity, and stable electroplating. You can get a kimono. The electroplated film-coated short fibers obtained in this way are resistant to oxidation, rust, and corrosion, and have excellent heat resistance, chemical resistance, and abrasion resistance, and can be used as friction materials, conductive inks, and paints. It can be suitably used as a material for adhesives, plastics, plastic composites, concrete reinforcing agents, electromagnetic shielding materials, contacts, etc. In particular, silver-coated short fibers obtained by electro-silver plating have almost the same performance as silver powder, and can be produced at a lower cost than silver powder, making them extremely effective as a substitute for silver powder. It is. Among these, silver-plated short iron fibers, copper and copper alloy short fibers overcome the shortcomings of the materials, such as being susceptible to oxidation, rust, and corrosion, and have excellent conductivity, making them suitable for industrial use. It is very useful. EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. [Example 1] Nickel plating and silver plating were applied to short iron fibers (diameter 30μ, length 3mm) by the following method. First, 20 g of short iron fibers were degreased, and then washed with water, pickled, and washed with water to remove dirt and oxide film on the surface of the short iron fibers. As for the degreasing agent, 50 g of Asahi Cleaner C-4000 manufactured by Uemura Kogyo Co., Ltd. was used, and the
Degreasing was performed by soaking and stirring for a minute. Next, the pretreated short iron fibers were subjected to electric nickel plating using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 under the following conditions. Nickel plating conditions Plating liquid composition Nickel sulfate, hexahydrate 280g / Nickel chloride, hexahydrate 45 Boric acid 40 PH 4.2 Short iron fibers 50g Plating bath (cathode) 300 Stainless steel (inner part made of plastic) coating,
Only the inner bottom surface was exposed to stainless steel. Inner bottom surface 73mmφ. ) Anode Nickel plate Plating liquid volume 200 ml Cathode current amount 1.4×10 -2 A/g Plating temperature 55 ℃ Plating time 60 minutes Stirring Impeller type stirrer used (rotation speed 6 rpm) Nickel plating Inner bottom surface of the plating tank This was done by precipitating and depositing short iron fibers on the (cathode). After nickel plating, the plating solution was removed, the fibers were thoroughly washed with water, and the nickel-plated film-coated short iron fibers (Ni--Fe short fibers) were silver-plated under the following conditions. The same plating tank as above was used, and a stainless steel plate was used as the anode. Silver plating conditions Plating liquid composition Silver cyanide 36g / Potassium cyanide 60 〃 Potassium carbonate 45 〃 PH 12.0 Short iron fiber coated with nickel plating film
Approximately 50g Plating liquid amount 200 ml Cathode current amount 6.0×10 -3 A/g Plating temperature 25 ℃ Plating time 15 minutes Stirring Impeller type stirrer used (rotation speed 60 rpm) Nickel plating film coated short iron fibers are After about 5 minutes, the entire color became grayish white, and after 15 minutes, it took on a silvery white color. After silver plating, remove the plating solution, wash thoroughly with water, filter, and dry to form a short iron fiber coated with a nickel plating film. Short fibers) were obtained. As a result of examining the Ni--Fe short fibers obtained by the above-mentioned method using a SEM photograph and an X-ray microanalyzer to examine the nickel distribution image, it was found that nickel was uniformly electrodeposited on the iron short fibers. In addition, Ni-Fe short fibers are coated with silver-plated film.
-Ni-Fe short fibers were also found to be uniformly coated with silver, and it was found that the short fibers could be reliably and easily electroplated by the method described above. Further, nickel plating and silver plating were performed using short copper fibers in the same manner as described above. When the obtained Ni--Cu short fibers and Ag--Ni--Cu short fibers were examined in the same manner as above, it was found that both were uniformly covered with electrodeposit. Next, each of the short fibers obtained by the above electroplating and untreated short iron and copper fibers as comparative products were pressure-molded to a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 3 mm at a pressure of 20 kg/cm 2 using stearic acid as a binder. The conductivity of the molded product was then examined using a tester. In this case, various amounts of stearic acid were used to perform pressure molding, and the maximum amount of stearic acid at which each molded product exhibited electrical conductivity was determined.
The results are shown in the table. The results indicate the amount of stearic acid in the entire molded product (all percentages indicate weight %, the same applies hereinafter), and the greater the amount of stearic acid, the better the conductivity of the short fibers.

〔実施例 2〕[Example 2]

直径50μ、長さ3mmのガラス短繊維50gを用
い、下記方法によりめつきを行なつた。 まず、ガラス短繊維を脱脂し、次いで水洗、酸
洗、水洗した後、下記工程に従つて化学ニツケル
めつきを行なつた。 センシタイジング:塩化第1錫溶液 50ml ↓ 水洗 ↓ アクチベイシヨン:塩化パラジウム溶液 50
ml ↓ 水洗 ↓ 化学ニツケルめつき:上村工業(株)製BELニツ
ケル ↓ 1.5(還元剤ジメチルボラザン) 水洗 なお、化学ニツケルめつきは、ニツケル被膜の
重量が全体の5〜10%程度になるように行なつ
た。 次に、このガラス短繊維につき、第1図に示す
如き装置を用い、実施例1に準じて下記条件によ
り電気ニツケルめつき、次いで電気銀めつきを施
した。 ニツケルめつき条件 めつき液組成 実施例1と同じ 化学めつき膜被覆ガラス短繊維
約50g めつき槽(陰極) 800 ステンレススチール製 (内側部をプラスチツクコーテイングし、
内底面のみをステンレススチール露呈部と
した。内底面100mmφ。) 陽極 ニツケル板 めつき液量 400ml 陰極電流量 1.4×10-2A/g めつき温度 55℃ めつき時間 120分 撹拌 インペラー式撹拌機使用 (回転数6rpm) 銀めつき条件 めつき液組成 実施例1と同じ めつき槽(陰極) 上記と同じ 陽極 ステンレススチール板 めつき液量 400ml 陰極電流量 6.0×10-3A/g めつき温度 25℃ めつき時間 120分 撹拌 インペラー式撹拌機 使用(回転数10rpm) 上述した方法で得られたNi―ガラス短繊維
(化学ニツケル膜被覆ガラス短繊維に電気ニツケ
ルめつき膜を被膜させたもの)及びAg―Ni―ガ
ラス短繊維(更に銀めつき膜を被膜させたもの)
は、いずれも電気めつき膜が均一に電着している
ものであり、本発明方法により均一な電着物を得
ることができることを知見した。 また、短繊維が非電導性の場合、電気めつき前
に化学めつきを施す必要があるが、本発明におい
ては短繊維に化学めつきを施す場合、その膜厚は
電気めつきが可能な程度のものでよく、化学めつ
き被膜のみによつて高導電性短繊維を得る場合に
比較してその膜厚を薄くすることができ、コスト
を著しく低下させることができた。 また、化学ニツケルめつき被膜非導電性短繊維
と上述した如き方法で得られる電気ニツケルめつ
き被膜非導電性短繊維の特性を比較した場合、本
発明方法に従つた電気ニツケルめつき膜被膜短繊
維はニツケルめつき膜がより酸化され難く、非常
に安定性の良好なものであることが認められた。
即ち、ガラス短繊維50gにつき、上述した化学ニ
ツケルめつき法に準じて得られた化学ニツケルめ
つき膜被覆ガラス短繊維と、化学ニツケルめつき
後更に上述した電気ニツケルめつき方法を施すこ
とによつて得られた同程度のニツケル厚さを有す
る電気ニツケルめつき膜被覆ガラス短繊維(Ni
―ガラス短繊維)とのそれぞれを直径10mm、厚さ
3mm程度に加圧成型し、その成型物の導通性をテ
スターで測定した場合、化学ニツケルめつき膜被
覆ガラス短繊維は50Kg/cm2の加圧力を加えて成型
した場合に初めて導通したのに対し、本発明方法
に従つたNi―ガラス短繊維は20Kg/cm2の加圧力
で導通した。従つて、このことから、本発明法に
より低圧でも導電性があり、物性も良好な導電性
短繊維を得ることができ、しかもその製造コスト
を大巾に低下させることができることが認められ
た。 更に、上述した方法で得られたAg―Ni―ガラ
ス短繊維及び市販電解銀粉を用い、実施例1で示
した方法と同じ方法で電導性を比較した結果は、
Ag―Ni―ガラス短繊維と銀粉は同じ程度の導通
を示すことが認められた。
Plating was carried out using 50 g of short glass fibers with a diameter of 50 μm and a length of 3 mm by the following method. First, the short glass fibers were degreased, then washed with water, pickled, and washed with water, and then chemically plated with nickel according to the following steps. Sensitizing: Stannous chloride solution 50ml ↓ Washing with water ↓ Activation: Palladium chloride solution 50ml
ml ↓ Washing with water ↓ Chemical nickel plating: BEL Nickel manufactured by Uemura Kogyo Co., Ltd. ↓ 1.5 (dimethylborazane reducing agent) Washing with water For chemical nickel plating, the weight of the nickel film should be approximately 5 to 10% of the total. I went to Next, this short glass fiber was subjected to electronickel plating and then electrosilver plating under the following conditions according to Example 1 using an apparatus as shown in FIG. 1. Nickel plating conditions Plating liquid composition Same as Example 1 Short glass fibers coated with chemical plating film
Approximately 50g Plating tank (cathode) 800 Made of stainless steel (Inner part is coated with plastic,
Only the inner bottom surface was exposed to stainless steel. Inner bottom surface 100mmφ. ) Anode Nickel plate Plating liquid volume 400ml Cathode current 1.4×10 -2 A/g Plating temperature 55℃ Plating time 120 minutes Stirring Impeller type stirrer used (rotation speed 6 rpm) Silver plating conditions Plating liquid composition Implementation Same as Example 1 Plating tank (cathode) Same as above Anode Stainless steel plate Plating liquid volume 400ml Cathode current 6.0×10 -3 A/g Plating temperature 25℃ Plating time 120 minutes Stirring Impeller type stirrer used ( (rotation speed: 10 rpm) Ni-glass short fibers (chemical nickel film-coated glass short fibers coated with electrical nickel plating film) and Ag-Ni-glass short fibers (further silver-plated film) obtained by the above method. coated with)
In all cases, the electroplated film was uniformly electrodeposited, and it was found that a uniform electrodeposited product could be obtained by the method of the present invention. In addition, if the short fibers are non-conductive, it is necessary to apply chemical plating before electroplating, but in the present invention, when chemical plating is applied to the short fibers, the film thickness is such that electroplating is possible. Compared to the case where highly conductive short fibers are obtained only by chemical plating coating, the film thickness can be made thinner, and the cost can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, when comparing the properties of the chemically plated non-conductive short fibers and the electrolytic nickel-plated non-conductive short fibers obtained by the method described above, it was found that the electrolytic nickel-plated short fibers obtained by the method of the present invention It was found that the nickel plating film on the fibers was more resistant to oxidation and had very good stability.
That is, 50 g of short glass fibers were coated with a chemical nickel plating film obtained according to the above-mentioned chemical nickel plating method, and after the chemical nickel plating, the above-mentioned electric nickel plating method was further applied. Electro-nickel plated film-coated short glass fibers (Ni
- Glass short fibers) were pressure-molded to a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of about 3 mm, and the conductivity of the molded products was measured using a tester . In contrast, the Ni-glass short fibers made according to the method of the present invention became conductive only when molded under pressure of 20 kg/cm 2 . Therefore, from this, it was recognized that by the method of the present invention, it is possible to obtain conductive short fibers that are conductive even at low pressure and have good physical properties, and furthermore, it is possible to significantly reduce the manufacturing cost. Furthermore, using the Ag-Ni-glass short fibers obtained by the method described above and commercially available electrolytic silver powder, the conductivity was compared using the same method as shown in Example 1, and the results were as follows.
It was observed that Ag-Ni-glass short fibers and silver powder showed the same degree of conductivity.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図乃至第4図はそれぞれ本発明に用いるめ
つき装置の一例を示す概略断面図である。 1…めつき槽、1a…内底面、3…陰極リード
線、4…陰極板、5…短繊維、6…陽極リード
線、7…陽極。
1 to 4 are schematic cross-sectional views each showing an example of a plating apparatus used in the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Plating tank, 1a... Inner bottom surface, 3... Cathode lead wire, 4... Cathode plate, 5... Short fiber, 6... Anode lead wire, 7... Anode.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 めつき槽内底面に陰極を形成し、この内底面
上に被めつき物である導電性を有する短繊維を堆
積させると共に、この短繊維を撹拌下において実
質的にめつき槽内底面に堆積した状態を維持しつ
つ電気めつきすることを特徴とする導電性を有す
る短繊維への電気めつき方法。
1. A cathode is formed on the inner bottom surface of the plating tank, and conductive short fibers are deposited on the inner bottom surface, and the short fibers are substantially covered with the inner bottom surface of the plating tank under stirring. A method for electroplating short fibers having conductivity, characterized in that electroplating is carried out while maintaining a deposited state.
JP57198166A 1982-11-11 1982-11-11 Method for electroplating staple fiber having electric conductivity Granted JPS5989788A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57198166A JPS5989788A (en) 1982-11-11 1982-11-11 Method for electroplating staple fiber having electric conductivity

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57198166A JPS5989788A (en) 1982-11-11 1982-11-11 Method for electroplating staple fiber having electric conductivity

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5989788A JPS5989788A (en) 1984-05-24
JPS6146583B2 true JPS6146583B2 (en) 1986-10-15

Family

ID=16386558

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP57198166A Granted JPS5989788A (en) 1982-11-11 1982-11-11 Method for electroplating staple fiber having electric conductivity

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5989788A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0326184U (en) * 1989-07-26 1991-03-18

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5911865A (en) * 1997-02-07 1999-06-15 Yih; Pay Method for electroplating of micron particulates with metal coatings
US6010610A (en) * 1996-04-09 2000-01-04 Yih; Pay Method for electroplating metal coating(s) particulates at high coating speed with high current density
JP4993157B2 (en) * 2004-05-07 2012-08-08 新光電気工業株式会社 Granular material and method for producing granular material
JP2006299423A (en) * 2005-04-15 2006-11-02 Kiyoshi Kawanaka Plated metal fiber-interlaced aggregate material, plated metal fiber nonwoven fabric and plated metal fiber-interlaced molded product
JP6181368B2 (en) * 2012-12-14 2017-08-16 ユニチカ株式会社 Aggregates of fibrous silver particles
JP6181367B2 (en) * 2012-12-14 2017-08-16 ユニチカ株式会社 Coated fibrous copper particulate aggregate

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0326184U (en) * 1989-07-26 1991-03-18

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5989788A (en) 1984-05-24

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