JPS6148601B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6148601B2 JPS6148601B2 JP54043772A JP4377279A JPS6148601B2 JP S6148601 B2 JPS6148601 B2 JP S6148601B2 JP 54043772 A JP54043772 A JP 54043772A JP 4377279 A JP4377279 A JP 4377279A JP S6148601 B2 JPS6148601 B2 JP S6148601B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- turbine wheel
- shaft hole
- silicon nitride
- sintered body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は窒化珪素焼結体で作られたシヤフト付
きターボチヤージヤのタービンホイールとその製
法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a turbine wheel for a turbocharger with a shaft made of a silicon nitride sintered body and a method for manufacturing the same.
［従来の技術］
セラミツクは耐熱性、耐触性に優れこれでター
ボチヤージヤのタービンホイールを製作すれば、
軽量化により応答性が改善できる。[Conventional technology] Ceramic has excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance, and if you use it to manufacture a turbine wheel for a turbocharger,
Responsiveness can be improved by reducing weight.
このようなことは従来よりよく知られ、その実
現のために種々試みられたが、次の理由により満
足すべきものが製作できなかつた。 This has been well known for some time, and various attempts have been made to realize it, but it has not been possible to produce something satisfactory for the following reasons.
すなわち
タービンホイールをセラミツク化し金属シヤ
フトと結合すると、両者の熱膨張差により結合
部分が破損し易い。 That is, when a turbine wheel is made of ceramic and connected to a metal shaft, the connected portion is likely to be damaged due to the difference in thermal expansion between the two.
熱膨張差による破損を防止するため、タービ
ンホイールとシヤフトとの両者を別々に製造せ
ず一体に製造してセラミツク化しようとする
と、焼結時の変形、窯への充填効率の低下、あ
るいは焼結前後の取り扱い難さ等主に製造上の
困難を伴う。 In order to prevent damage due to differences in thermal expansion, if the turbine wheel and shaft are manufactured in one piece instead of separately and made into ceramic, this may result in deformation during sintering, a decrease in the filling efficiency of the kiln, or problems with sintering. This mainly involves manufacturing difficulties such as difficulty in handling before and after tying.
そこで本発明者は上記困難を克服し、タービン
ホイールとシヤフトとをセラミツク化するため鋭
意検討の結果、セラミツクとして窒化珪素焼結体
を選び、タービンホイールの軸孔及びシヤフトの
一部を特殊形状にすれば、タービンホイールとシ
ヤフトとを別々に製造してもうまく結合できるこ
とを見い出し本発明を完成した。 Therefore, in order to overcome the above-mentioned difficulties and make the turbine wheel and shaft of ceramic, the inventor of the present invention selected a silicon nitride sintered body as the ceramic material and made the shaft hole of the turbine wheel and a part of the shaft into a special shape. Then, they discovered that the turbine wheel and shaft can be successfully combined even if they are manufactured separately, and the present invention has been completed.
すなわち本発明の目的は、実用に耐え得る窒化
珪素製シヤフト付きターボチヤージヤのタービン
ホイールとその製法を提供することにある。 That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a turbine wheel for a turbocharger with a silicon nitride shaft that can withstand practical use and a method for manufacturing the same.
［発明の構成］
第１の発明の要旨は
窒化珪素焼結体製タービンホイールのブレード
付根より軸線方向に突出して設けられているハブ
の軸孔の少なくとも一部に非円形部を設け、該軸
孔に、一部に非円形部を有する窒化珪素焼結体製
シヤフトを、両者の非円形部同士を合致させて結
合してなることを特徴とするシヤフト付きターボ
チヤージヤのタービンホイールにあり、
第２の発明の要旨は
窒化珪素焼結体製タービンホイールの軸孔の一
部に非円形部を設け、該軸孔に珪素粉末を隙間な
く充填すると共に、同じく珪素粉末で軸孔内の同
粉末と一体にシヤフトを成形し、次に窒素雰囲気
中で焼結することによりシヤフトとタービンホイ
ールとを一体的に結合することを特徴とするター
ボチヤージヤのタービンホイールの製法にある。[Structure of the Invention] The gist of the first invention is that a non-circular portion is provided in at least a part of the shaft hole of the hub that is provided to protrude in the axial direction from the blade root of the turbine wheel made of silicon nitride sintered body, A turbine wheel for a turbocharger with a shaft, characterized in that a shaft made of a silicon nitride sintered body having a part of a non-circular part is connected to the hole by matching the non-circular parts of both parts, The gist of the invention is to provide a non-circular part in a part of the shaft hole of a turbine wheel made of sintered silicon nitride, to fill the shaft hole with silicon powder without any gaps, and to fill the shaft hole with silicon powder and the same powder in the shaft hole. A method for manufacturing a turbine wheel for a turbocharger, characterized in that the shaft and the turbine wheel are integrally joined by integrally molding the shaft and then sintering in a nitrogen atmosphere.
［実施例］
以下に先ず、第１の発明のシヤフト付きタービ
ンホイールにつき第１図〜第３図に記載した一実
施例により説明する。[Example] First, the shaft-equipped turbine wheel of the first invention will be described below using an example shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
第１図は本実施例の部分破断斜視図である。タ
ーボチヤージヤの窒化珪素焼結体製タービンホイ
ール２３には多数の湾曲したブレード１４が取り
付けられており、中心には円形の軸孔１５が設け
られている。ブレード１４の付根を外れた部分に
は、ハブ１６が軸線方向に突出して設けられ、ハ
ブ１６内周の軸孔１５ｈは全部が滑らかな凹凸曲
線の非円形をなしている。 FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of this embodiment. A large number of curved blades 14 are attached to a turbine wheel 23 made of a silicon nitride sintered body of the turbocharger, and a circular shaft hole 15 is provided in the center. A hub 16 is provided in a portion outside the root of the blade 14 so as to protrude in the axial direction, and the entire shaft hole 15h on the inner circumference of the hub 16 has a non-circular shape with a smooth uneven curve.
この非円形は第２図の部分拡大正面図のよう
に、軸孔１５ｈの内周を形成する大円１５ｄから
120゜ずつ離れた３方向より突起６が若干中心に
向けて突出し、各々の突起６と大円１５ｄとを滑
らかな曲線で結んだ形状をなしている。 As shown in the partially enlarged front view of FIG.
The protrusions 6 protrude slightly toward the center from three directions separated by 120 degrees, and have a shape in which each protrusion 6 and the great circle 15d are connected by a smooth curve.
この軸孔１５ｈには、先端２７に軸孔１５ｈと
合致する非円形部が形成してある窒化珪素焼結体
製シヤフト１８が挿入されタービンホイール２３
と結合されている。なおこの結合は化学的にもさ
れている。 A shaft 18 made of a sintered silicon nitride body having a non-circular portion formed at its tip 27 that matches the shaft hole 15h is inserted into the shaft hole 15h, and the shaft 18 is inserted into the shaft hole 15h.
is combined with Note that this bond is also made chemically.
なお第３図の部分破断側面図に示す如く、ター
ビンホイール２３とシヤフト１８との軸線方向の
結合をより強固にするため、ハブ１６の軸孔１５
ｈには抜け止め凹孔１９が、シヤフト１８には抜
け止め突起２０が設けられている。またハブ１６
は本実施例とは反対方向、すなわちコンプレツサ
ー側に出させて設けてもよい。 As shown in the partially broken side view of FIG. 3, in order to strengthen the axial connection between the turbine wheel 23 and the shaft 18, the shaft hole 15 of the hub 16
h is provided with a retaining recess 19, and the shaft 18 is provided with a retaining protrusion 20. Also hub 16
may be provided so as to extend in the opposite direction to that of this embodiment, that is, toward the compressor side.
さてこのようにシヤフト１８とタービンホイー
ル２３との結合部分に特別の工夫を施すと、回転
トルクの伝達はシヤフト１８とタービンホイール
２３との接合部に圧縮力となつて加わる。特に本
実施例では、軸孔１５ｈが第２図のような特別な
滑らかな凹凸曲線で形成されているので、回転ト
ルク伝達のための応力集中は少なく、又引張応力
はほとんど加わらず圧縮力のみが加わる。窒化珪
素焼結体は、例えば密度2.2ｇ/cm3ものでも、圧縮
強度100Kg/mm2以上と圧縮力に対しては強く、シヤ
フト１８と軸孔１５ｈとはトルク伝達に十分耐え
得る。もつともたとえ引張応力が加わるとして
も、窒化珪素焼結体は例えば反応焼結法によつて
得られた密度2.7ｇ/cm3のもので引張強度が25Kg/
mm2以上あり、シヤフト１８は十分なトルク伝達強
度を有している。又ハブ１６に遠心力による引張
応力が加わるとしても、普通焼結法によつて得ら
れた窒化珪素焼結体の引張強度は50Kg/mm2あり十
分なトルク伝達強度を有しているし、又軸孔１５
ｈ部分での最大遠心応力を30Kg/mm2以下とするこ
とは設計上可能なことでもある。 Now, by applying special measures to the joint between the shaft 18 and the turbine wheel 23 in this way, the transmission of rotational torque is applied to the joint between the shaft 18 and the turbine wheel 23 as a compressive force. In particular, in this embodiment, since the shaft hole 15h is formed with a special smooth uneven curve as shown in Fig. 2, stress concentration for transmitting rotational torque is small, and almost no tensile stress is applied, only compressive force is applied. is added. Even if the silicon nitride sintered body has a density of 2.2 g/cm 3 , for example, it has a compressive strength of 100 Kg/mm 2 or more and is strong against compressive force, and the shaft 18 and shaft hole 15h can sufficiently withstand torque transmission. However, even if tensile stress is applied, a silicon nitride sintered body with a density of 2.7 g/cm 3 obtained by the reaction sintering method has a tensile strength of 25 kg/cm 3 .
mm 2 or more, and the shaft 18 has sufficient torque transmission strength. Furthermore, even if tensile stress is applied to the hub 16 due to centrifugal force, the tensile strength of the silicon nitride sintered body obtained by the ordinary sintering method is 50 Kg/mm 2 , which is sufficient for torque transmission. Also, shaft hole 15
It is also possible in terms of design to keep the maximum centrifugal stress at portion h below 30Kg/mm 2 .
第４図にコバルト系耐熱合金性タービンホイー
ルで外径周速500m/Sの場合の遠心応力計算例を
示す。本図から明らかなように、ブレード付根の
部分には、大きな遠心応力が働く。しかし本実施
例では、この部分の軸孔１５は応力集中を避ける
ために円形とし、ブレード１４付根を外れた部分
には大きな遠心応力が働かないので、この部分に
ハブ１６を設け、この部分をトルク伝達部分とし
ている。そのため、大きなトルク伝達強度を有す
る。 Figure 4 shows an example of centrifugal stress calculation for a cobalt-based heat-resistant alloy turbine wheel at an outer circumferential speed of 500 m/s. As is clear from this figure, a large centrifugal stress acts on the blade root. However, in this embodiment, the shaft hole 15 in this part is made circular in order to avoid stress concentration, and since large centrifugal stress does not act on the part outside the root of the blade 14, the hub 16 is provided in this part. It is used as a torque transmission part. Therefore, it has a large torque transmission strength.
なお上記実施例ではターボチヤージヤのタービ
ンホイールの例について述べたが、ターボチヤー
ジヤのブロワにも同様な構造を適用できる。 In the above embodiment, an example of a turbine wheel of a turbocharger was described, but a similar structure can be applied to a blower of a turbocharger.
第２の発明の一実施例を説明する。第１発明の
タービンホイールは、例えば本実施例によつて製
造することができる。 An embodiment of the second invention will be described. The turbine wheel of the first invention can be manufactured, for example, according to this embodiment.
まず、窒化珪素焼結体製タービンホイールを製
作する。この場合の窒化珪素焼結体は普通焼結
法、ホツトプレス法、反応焼結法によるもの全て
を使用できるが、工業的にはその容易さおよび強
度を考慮すると普通焼結法により得られたものが
好ましい。軸孔の少なくとも一部には非円形部を
設ける。この際前述の第１発明の一実施例のよう
にタービンホイール２３のハブ１６に設けられた
軸孔１５ｈ全部を非円形部としても良い。次に軸
孔に珪素粉末を、場合によつてはカンフアー等の
バインダーと共に、射出成形法、圧縮成形法、ス
リツプキヤスト法等により充填し、同時に同じ珪
素粉末で軸孔内の珪素粉末と一体でシヤフトを成
形する。そしてこれらをタービンホイールと一緒
に窒素雰囲気中1350〜1450℃で焼結する。すると
珪素と窒素とが反応し窒化珪素焼結体となり、そ
の一部はタービンホイールを構成する窒化珪素焼
結体とも化学的に結合する。このような反応焼結
法により軸孔に窒化珪素焼結体を生じさせると、
焼結による寸法変化がなく、焼結後〓間を生じた
り余分の内部応力を発生することなく、タービン
ホイールとシヤフトとが一体化され強固な結合と
なる。 First, a turbine wheel made of silicon nitride sintered body is manufactured. In this case, the silicon nitride sintered body can be obtained by the ordinary sintering method, the hot pressing method, or the reaction sintering method, but industrially, considering the ease and strength, the silicon nitride sintered body obtained by the ordinary sintering method is preferable. is preferred. A non-circular portion is provided in at least a portion of the shaft hole. At this time, the entire shaft hole 15h provided in the hub 16 of the turbine wheel 23 may be made into a non-circular portion as in the above-described embodiment of the first invention. Next, the shaft hole is filled with silicon powder, sometimes with a binder such as camphor, by injection molding, compression molding, slip casting, etc. At the same time, the same silicon powder is filled with the silicon powder inside the shaft hole. Form the shaft. These are then sintered together with the turbine wheel at 1350-1450°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. Then, silicon and nitrogen react to form a silicon nitride sintered body, and a portion of the silicon nitride sintered body is also chemically bonded to the silicon nitride sintered body that constitutes the turbine wheel. When a silicon nitride sintered body is produced in the shaft hole by such a reaction sintering method,
There is no dimensional change due to sintering, and after sintering, the turbine wheel and shaft are integrated into a strong bond without creating gaps or extra internal stress.
［発明の効果］
以上詳述したように第１の発明であるシヤフト
付きターボチヤージヤのタービンホイールは窒化
珪素焼結体製タービンホイールのブレード付根よ
り軸線方向に突出して設けられているハブの軸孔
の少なくとも一部に非円形部を設け、該軸孔に、
一部に非円形部を有する窒化珪素焼結体製シヤフ
トを、両者の非円形部同士を合致させて結合した
ものであるから、トルク伝達に際し、シヤフトの
窒化珪素焼結体には回転トルクが主として圧縮力
として加わり充分強度的に耐え得る。そしてター
ビンホイールの重量は従来のCo系合金の約1/3と
なり応答性が改善され、自動車の如く速度変化の
激しい用途に好適である。[Effects of the Invention] As detailed above, the turbine wheel of the turbocharger with a shaft according to the first invention has a shaft hole in the hub that is provided to protrude in the axial direction from the blade root of the turbine wheel made of silicon nitride sintered body. A non-circular portion is provided in at least a portion of the shaft hole,
Shafts made of silicon nitride sintered bodies that partially have non-circular parts are joined together by matching the non-circular parts of both shafts, so when transmitting torque, rotational torque is applied to the silicon nitride sintered bodies of the shafts. It is applied mainly as compressive force and can withstand sufficient strength. The weight of the turbine wheel is approximately 1/3 that of conventional Co-based alloys, improving responsiveness and making it suitable for applications with rapid speed changes such as automobiles.
又、第２の発明であるターボチヤージヤのター
ビンホイールの製法は珪素粉末をタービンホイー
ルの軸孔内に充填し、また同粉末でシヤフトを成
形し、窒素雰囲気中で焼結するという反応焼結法
を利用するものであるから、工業的にも量産に適
する方法である。 The second invention, a method for manufacturing a turbine wheel for a turbocharger, uses a reaction sintering method in which silicon powder is filled into the shaft hole of the turbine wheel, a shaft is formed with the same powder, and the shaft is sintered in a nitrogen atmosphere. Since it is used for various purposes, it is an industrially suitable method for mass production.
第１図は第１の発明の一実施例を示す部分破断
斜視図、第２図はその軸孔１５ｈを示す拡大正面
図、第３図はその部分破断側面図、第４図は外径
周速500m/sにおけるタービンホイールの遠心応
力計算図である。
１４……ブレード、１５，１５ｈ……軸孔、１
６……ハブ、１８……シヤフト、１９……抜け止
め凹孔、２０……抜け止め突起、２３……タービ
ンホイール。
Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing one embodiment of the first invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged front view showing the shaft hole 15h, Fig. 3 is a partially cutaway side view thereof, and Fig. 4 is the outer circumference. It is a centrifugal stress calculation diagram of a turbine wheel at a speed of 500 m/s. 14...Blade, 15,15h...Shaft hole, 1
6...Hub, 18...Shaft, 19...Keeping recess, 20...Keeping protrusion, 23...Turbine wheel.
Claims (1)
ド付根より軸線方向に突出して設けられているハ
ブの軸孔の少なくとも一部に非円形部を設け、該
軸孔に、一部に非円形部を有する窒化珪素焼結体
製シヤフトを、両者の非円形部同士を合致させて
結合してなることを特徴とするシヤフト付きター
ボチヤージヤのタービンホイール。 ２ 窒化珪素焼結体製タービンホイールの軸孔の
一部に非円形部を設け、該軸孔に珪素粉末を〓間
なく充填すると共に、同じく珪素粉末で軸孔内の
同粉末と一体にシヤフトを成形し、次に窒素雰囲
気中で焼結することによりシヤフトとタービンホ
イールとを一体的に結合することを特徴とするタ
ーボチヤージヤのタービンホイールの製法。[Scope of Claims] 1. A non-circular portion is provided in at least a portion of a shaft hole of a hub that is provided to protrude in the axial direction from the blade root of a turbine wheel made of a silicon nitride sintered body, and a portion of the shaft hole is provided with a non-circular portion. 1. A turbine wheel for a turbocharger with a shaft, characterized in that a shaft made of a silicon nitride sintered body and having a non-circular portion is joined together by aligning the non-circular portions of both shafts. 2 A non-circular part is provided in a part of the shaft hole of a turbine wheel made of sintered silicon nitride, and the shaft hole is filled with silicon powder without any delay, and the shaft is also filled with silicon powder integrally with the powder in the shaft hole. A method for manufacturing a turbine wheel for a turbocharger, characterized in that the shaft and the turbine wheel are integrally joined by molding and then sintering in a nitrogen atmosphere.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4377279A JPS55134701A (en) | 1979-04-10 | 1979-04-10 | Turbine wheel for turbocharger and manufacture thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4377279A JPS55134701A (en) | 1979-04-10 | 1979-04-10 | Turbine wheel for turbocharger and manufacture thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS55134701A JPS55134701A (en) | 1980-10-20 |
| JPS6148601B2 true JPS6148601B2 (en) | 1986-10-24 |
Family
ID=12673035
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4377279A Granted JPS55134701A (en) | 1979-04-10 | 1979-04-10 | Turbine wheel for turbocharger and manufacture thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS55134701A (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4544327A (en) * | 1980-11-20 | 1985-10-01 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Ceramic rotor and manufacturing process therefor |
| JPS59155501A (en) * | 1983-02-24 | 1984-09-04 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Radial flow type ceramic turbine rotor and manufacture thereof |
| JPH0627482B2 (en) * | 1983-12-27 | 1994-04-13 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Manufacturing method of radial type ceramic turbine rotor |
| JPS6186211A (en) * | 1984-10-04 | 1986-05-01 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Ceramics composite structure and manufacture thereof |
| DE3441115C1 (en) * | 1984-11-10 | 1986-01-30 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Impeller for a gas turbine |
| JPS63118301U (en) * | 1987-01-28 | 1988-07-30 | ||
| DE102005005666A1 (en) * | 2005-02-08 | 2006-08-17 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Turbocharger, has turbine wheel as integral part of shaft, and compressor wheel connected with shaft by circular wedge connection, where turbine wheel and shaft are manufactured from high temperature-firm material e.g. titanium aluminide |
| KR101940588B1 (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2019-01-21 | 보르그워너 인코퍼레이티드 | Flow rotor, in particular turbine wheel |
| DE102012207271A1 (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2013-11-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | A method of connecting a shaft to a rotating member and a turbocharger shaft made by this method |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3604819A (en) * | 1969-10-14 | 1971-09-14 | United States Steel Corp | Impeller shaft assembly |
| US3885294A (en) * | 1974-04-03 | 1975-05-27 | Ford Motor Co | Method of making a bonded silicon nitride article having portions of different density |
| JPS59611B2 (en) * | 1976-09-21 | 1984-01-07 | 豊和工業株式会社 | Dotting bar displacement device |
| DE2728823C2 (en) * | 1977-06-27 | 1982-09-09 | Aktiengesellschaft Kühnle, Kopp & Kausch, 6710 Frankenthal | Gas turbine |
-
1979
- 1979-04-10 JP JP4377279A patent/JPS55134701A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS55134701A (en) | 1980-10-20 |
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