JPS6151108B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a roof structure, and more particularly to a walkable roof structure having a heat insulating layer disposed on the outside of the roof structure. The purpose is to propose a roof with an externally insulated structure that can withstand walking, has excellent fireproofing and watertight properties, and has a waterproof layer with excellent dimensional stability, durability, and workability. External insulation structures, in which a layer of insulation material is provided on the outside of the roof structure, have attracted attention in recent years and have been put into practical use because they insulate the outside of the building structure, resulting in stable indoor temperatures and good livability, as well as high energy-saving effects. is being planned. Conventional externally insulated roofs have had a waterproof sheet made of plastic or the like placed on top of an insulating material such as a foamed plastic board placed on the outside of the roof structure. However, it is difficult to ensure that roofs with this structure are completely fireproof, and the waterproof sheet expands and wrinkles at high temperatures, which impairs the stability of the installation and is easily damaged, resulting in poor durability, and improvements are needed. It was getting worse. In addition, in order to prevent these drawbacks, measures have been taken to further provide a protective layer by pouring mortar on top of the layer.
This was not a desirable method because it increased the construction cost and the load on the frame. This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its gist is to provide a heat insulating material on the outside of the roof base structure.
A waterproof sheet is laid on the surface of a heat-insulating base made by sequentially laying noncombustible boards, and the waterproof sheet is made of a bottom layer made of soft plastic or rubber, and the bottom layer is of the same quality as the bottom layer, which is harder and more weather resistant than the bottom layer. It is a composite waterproof sheet in which the upper layer and the lower layer are laminated together, and the lower layer is covered with reinforcing fabric, and the thickness ratio of the upper layer and the lower layer is in the range of 50/50 to 75/25. roof structure. Figures 1a and 1b show examples of embodiments of the roof structure of the present invention. This roof has a heat insulating noncombustible base constructed by laying a heat insulating material 2 made of polystyrene foam board on the outer surface of a roof base structure 1 made of a concrete slab, and a noncombustible board 3 made of glass fiber reinforced gypsum board laid on the surface thereof. The heat insulating material 2 and the non-combustible board 3 are fastened by fitting the disc plate 5 into the head of the anchor bolt 4 embedded in the base structure 1 which protrudes above the non-combustible material 3, and are pressed and fixed to the base structure. There is. The roof is constructed by laying a waterproof sheet 6 on top of this base structure 1. The waterproof sheet 6 has a thickness of 2 mm, and the top layer 7 is made of 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride, 3.5 parts by weight of a stabilizer, and 50 parts by weight of a plasticizer.
25 parts of calcium carbonate as a filler, and a relatively hard weather-resistant sheet made by adding an ultraviolet absorber, and the lower layer 8 is made of polyvinyl chloride.
It is composed of a relatively soft sheet in which 2 parts of stabilizer, 60 parts of plasticizer, and 1.5 parts of calcium carbonate as a filler are added to 100 parts by weight, and the upper layer 7 and the lower layer 8 are laminated and integrated. A reinforcing fabric 9 is laid inside. The thickness of the top layer 7 is 1.3
The thickness of the lower surface layer 8 is 0.7 mm, and the reinforcing fabric 9 is placed approximately 0.6 mm from the lower surface.
The waterproof sheet 6 is fixed on the upper surface of the disc 5 by welding the soft part with a solvent so as to be floating on the base, and the end edges are overlapped and joined by solvent or heat welding. Even though this roof uses flammable plastic foam as insulation material, it has a noncombustible board on its surface, which serves as an insulating and noncombustible base, making it highly fireproof, and a waterproof sheet is placed on the surface. Therefore, it is possible to ensure complete water-tightness. The waterproof sheet used in the present invention has a hard top layer that is weather resistant, so it does not easily deteriorate even if laid exposed and can withstand walking. In addition, since the lower layer has a reinforcing fabric laid in the soft part, the coefficient of linear expansion is small even at high temperatures, the dimensional stability is good, and wrinkles are unlikely to occur. Furthermore, the hard part and soft part are in harmony, providing excellent stability and elasticity when walking, and the lower layer can be heated and welded during construction, making it highly workable and highly waterproof. In this invention, plastic foam boards, inorganic fibers, and the like are used as the heat insulating material, but polystyrene-based, hard polyethylene-based, urea-based resin foams, etc., which have relatively high compressive strength, are preferred. Asbestos slate boards, flexible boards, calcium silicate boards, ALC (lightweight aerated concrete) thin boards, glass fiber-reinforced inorganic boards, etc. can be used as noncombustible boards, but among them, glass fiber-reinforced inorganic boards have excellent dimensional stability and workability. It is the most preferred material. The hard part that makes up the top layer of the waterproof sheet is made of a resin composition with good weather resistance, which is made by adding stabilizers and ultraviolet absorbers to polymers such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and synthetic rubber, and by adding fillers to it. This reduces the expansion rate associated with changes. The soft part constituting the lower layer of the waterproof sheet is made of a composition prepared by adding a plasticizer, a rubber plasticizer, etc. to a polymer such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, or synthetic rubber. The thickness ratio of the top layer to the bottom layer is in the range of 50/50 to 75/25. Since the thickness of a tarpaulin sheet is usually 2 mm or less, if the thickness of the top layer is less than 50%, it cannot be highly durable and strong enough to withstand walking.
In addition, the bottom layer needs to be at least 25% thick in order to provide elasticity to the sheet with a woven fabric. The reinforcing fabric laid in the lower layer of the waterproof sheet must have low elongation, high tensile modulus, and low linear expansion coefficient to restrain expansion of the sheet base material. At the same time, it must be compatible with the base material, tightly adhere to the sheet base material, and the reinforcing fabric portion that has been laid must not create any cross-sectional defects where the resin base material is missing. Conventional fabric-reinforced sheets have defects in cross-sectional areas, cracks and peeling due to external stress and thermal expansion/contraction stress, resulting in reduced durability. In order to improve this drawback, the following woven fabric can be used to efficiently improve the dimensional stability and at the same time prevent a decrease in durability due to cross-sectional defects. This reinforcing fabric is a lattice-like fabric using long fibers of untwisted or low-twist synthetic fibers or inorganic fibers with an elongation of 20% or less, and warp and weft densities of 10 fibers/2.54 cm or less, respectively. It is a certain textile. This fabric has a coarse lattice shape, and the single fibers that make up the long fibers are not tightly bound and arranged in a nearly flat state. Therefore, when laid in a sheet base material, the woven fabric blends well with the base material and adheres closely, filling the interstitial spaces completely, and since the woven fabric is thin, there is no cross-sectional loss, and the base material and the woven fabric are integrated into the sheet. Configure. In addition, the elongation of the long fibers is less than 20%, the cross section is flat, and the fibers are arranged in a straight line with almost no bending at the intersection of the warp and weft, so the elongation of this fabric is higher than that of conventional twisted yarns. It has a very low tensile modulus and a high tensile modulus compared to fabrics that are used or tightly woven. Therefore, by reinforcing the waterproof sheet with this woven fabric, the durability and dimensional stability of the waterproof sheet can be further improved compared to the case where the waterproof sheet is reinforced with conventional woven fabric. This fabric uses synthetic fibers such as polyester, nylon 66, and nylon 6, and inorganic fibers such as glass fibers and carbon fibers. In particular, polyester, nylon 66, and glass fiber are suitable because they are inexpensive, have high elastic modulus, and low elongation. Carbon fiber is also suitable in terms of physical properties, but has the disadvantage of high cost. These long fibers are untwisted or with a low twist count of 100 twists/m or less, and are plain woven or leno-woven to form a lattice-like fabric. After weaving, heat treatment under tension is performed to reduce the elongation, increase the tensile modulus, decrease the coefficient of linear expansion, and further improve the dimensional stability of the reinforced waterproof sheet. In addition, heat treatment corrects misalignment, yarn bending, etc. of the fabric, stabilizes the structure, and allows the fabric to be accurately and easily laid into the sheet base material. Furthermore, by adding melamine resin, vinyl chloride resin, etc. during heat treatment, the structure can be further stabilized and the conformability and adhesion to the sheet base material can be improved. An embodiment of a reinforcing fabric having a lattice shape will be described with reference to the drawings. Figures 2a and 2b show this woven fabric, which is a lattice-like woven fabric in which two warps 10 and 10 are intertwined with a weft 11, and has the following woven fabric design. Warp: polyester long fiber 250 denier (number of single threads 48, elongation 15%, number of twists 80 times/m) 2 threads, density 7 threads/2.54cm Weft: polyester long fiber 1000 denier (number of single threads 192, elongation 14%, untwisted) density 7 strands/2.54
cm, Heat treatment: Under tension, dry heat at 200℃ for 40 seconds.The reinforcing lattice fabric thus obtained was laid and reinforced, and the waterproof sheet shown in Figure 1b was used as a base structure. As a result of floating and fixedly laying the waterproof sheet as shown in Figure 1 a, the waterproof sheet expands little even in high temperatures in summer, does not wrinkle on the laying surface, can withstand walking, and is highly durable. Ta. Also,
The terminals could be welded and fixed with adhesive, providing excellent watertightness and workability. Linear expansion coefficient (0°C to 50°C) of a waterproof sheet with structure shown in Figure 1b, which is reinforced with polyester, nylon 66, and glass fiber and reinforced with a leno weave lattice fabric.
were as shown in the table below.

[Table] The present invention is as described above, and this roof structure is a fireproof structure made by placing a noncombustible board and a composite waterproof sheet that meets specific requirements on top of a heat insulating material laid on the outside of the structure. This is a roof with an externally insulated structure that provides the following effects: Since mortar is not used, excessive loads are not applied to the building frame. Noncombustible boards and waterproof sheets are easy to lay and fix, and have good workability. Tarpaulin sheets have excellent dimensional stability and walk resistance, and can withstand long-term use.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1A and 1B are a longitudinal sectional view of a roof structure and a waterproof sheet, respectively, and FIGS. 2A and 2B are a plan view and a sectional view of a lattice-like fabric. 1...Roof base structure, 2...Insulation material, 3...
Noncombustible board, 4... Anchor bolt, 5... Disk board, 6... Waterproof sheet, 7... Top layer, 8...
...Lower layer, 9...Reinforcing fabric, 10...Warp, 1
1...Weft.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 A waterproof sheet is laid on the surface of the heat insulating base made by sequentially laying a heat insulating material and a non-combustible boat on the outside of the roof base structure, and the waterproof sheet has a lower surface made of soft plastic or rubber. It is a composite waterproof sheet in which a lower layer with higher hardness and better weather resistance than the lower layer and an upper layer of the same quality are laminated and integrated.The lower layer is covered with reinforcing fabric and the thickness of the upper layer and lower layer is A roof structure characterized in that the ratio is in the range of 50/50 to 75/25. 2. The reinforcing fabric is a lattice-like fabric made of long fibers with an elongation of 20% or less and no twist or a low number of twists,
2. The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the warp and weft densities are each 10 threads/2.54 cm or less.