JPS6151505B2

JPS6151505B2 -

Info

Publication number: JPS6151505B2
Application number: JP7689679A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Itsuki Ban; Manabu Shiraki; Kazuhito Egami
Original assignee: Sekoh Giken KK
Current assignee: Sekoh Giken KK
Priority date: 1979-06-20
Filing date: 1979-06-20
Publication date: 1986-11-08
Also published as: JPS563565A

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】本発明は、複数個の電機子巻線を円板状若しく
は円筒状の無鉄心電機子に配設して特に有効な直
流電動機に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a particularly effective DC motor in which a plurality of armature windings are arranged in a disc-shaped or cylindrical ironless armature.

従来より複数個の電機子巻線を有する重ね巻或
いは波巻の巻線を用いた有鉄心電動機は数多く使
用されている。しかしながら、従来の巻線をその
まま無鉄心電動機に採用する場合においては、第
１図に基づいて説明するように種々の欠点があ
る。第１図は、従来より公知の重ね巻の巻線を無
鉄心電動機に採用した場合に考えられる界磁磁極
が６磁極で、12個の電機子巻線よりなる重ね巻電
機子の展開式巻線図である。界磁磁極１は60度の
開角でＮ，Ｓ極に磁化された磁極１−１，１−
２，……，１−６より構成されている。整流子３
は30度の開角（磁極幅の1/2）の整流子片３−
１，３−２，……，３−１２より構成され、120
度の開角（磁極幅の2/1）だけ離れた３個ずつの
整流子片同士を短絡部材となる導線等により電気
的に短絡している。即ち、整流子片３−１と３−
５と３−９、及び整流子片３−２と３−６と３−
１０、及び整流子片３−３と３−７と３−１１、
及び整流子片３−４と３−８と３−１２をそれぞ
れ短絡している。電機子２は各電機子巻線の発生
トルクに寄与する導体部の開角を磁極幅と同一に
したオープン接続正規重ね巻である。電機子巻線
２−１，２−２，……，２−１２は互いに30度の
開角（磁極幅の1/2）の等しいピツチで多層に重
畳して配設されている。各電機子巻線は重ね巻接
続とされ、電機子巻線２−１と２−２，２−２と
２−３，２−３と２−４，……，２−１１と２−
１２，２−１２と２−１の接続部はそれぞれ整流
子片３−２，３−３，３−４，……，３−１２，
３−１に接続されている。記号４−１，４−２は
直流電源正負極５−１，５−２よりそれぞれ給電
されると共に整流子片上を摺動する刷子を示し、
開角は180度（磁極幅の3/1）となつているが、60
度の開角（磁極幅）、或いは300度の開角（磁極幅
の5/1）でも等価となり実施できるものである。
尚、点線で図示した通り刷子４−１，４−２，…
…，４−６を用いることにより、前述した整流子
片同士の短絡は不必要となることは明白である。
即ち、刷子４−１，４−３，４−５は直流電源正
極５−１より、刷子４−２，４−４，４−６は直
流電源負極５−２よりそれぞれ給電されており、
それぞれの開角は60度（磁極幅）となつている。
図示の関係位置では失印方向に通電され、各電機
子巻線にトルクが発生して電機子２及び整流子３
はそれぞれ失印Ａ，Ｂ方向に回転する整流子電動
機となるものである。以上の説明より判るように
本実施例によると、電機子巻線が多層に重畳され
ることになるため電機子の厚みが増加する。かか
る厚みは電機子を貫通する有効な界磁磁界を著し
く弱化して効率及び起動トルクを減少せしめる欠
点がある。このため従来においては、発生トルク
に寄与する導体部の厚みを薄くするよう努力して
いた。しかし、かかる工程は加圧成形等によつて
行なわれるために、電機子巻線が断線したり、短
絡等の不良品が多く発生していた。更に電機子巻
線を配設する際において相互の位相関係が規制さ
れていないため、位相関係がずれ易く高効率の直
流電動機を得ることが非常に困難であり、その製
造工程も煩雑で量産性がなく高価なものとなつて
いた。 Conventionally, a large number of iron core motors have been used that use lap windings or wave windings having a plurality of armature windings. However, when conventional windings are used as they are in ironless motors, there are various drawbacks as will be explained based on FIG. 1. Figure 1 shows the deployable winding of a lap-wound armature consisting of 12 armature windings and a conceivable field magnetic pole of 6 magnetic poles when conventionally known lap-wound windings are adopted in a coreless motor. It is a line diagram. Field magnetic pole 1 has magnetic poles 1-1, 1- magnetized to N and S poles with an opening angle of 60 degrees.
2,..., 1-6. Commutator 3
is a commutator piece 3- with an opening angle of 30 degrees (1/2 of the magnetic pole width)
Consists of 1, 3-2, ..., 3-12, 120
Three commutator pieces each separated by a degree opening angle (2/1 of the magnetic pole width) are electrically short-circuited using a conductive wire or the like that serves as a short-circuiting member. That is, commutator pieces 3-1 and 3-
5 and 3-9, and commutator pieces 3-2, 3-6, and 3-
10, and commutator pieces 3-3, 3-7, and 3-11,
And commutator pieces 3-4, 3-8, and 3-12 are short-circuited, respectively. The armature 2 is an open connection regular lap winding in which the opening angle of the conductor portion contributing to the generated torque of each armature winding is made equal to the magnetic pole width. The armature windings 2-1, 2-2, . . . , 2-12 are arranged in multiple layers at equal pitches with an opening angle of 30 degrees (1/2 of the magnetic pole width). Each armature winding is connected by lap winding, and armature windings 2-1 and 2-2, 2-2 and 2-3, 2-3 and 2-4, ..., 2-11 and 2-
The connection parts of 12, 2-12 and 2-1 are commutator pieces 3-2, 3-3, 3-4, ..., 3-12, respectively.
3-1. Symbols 4-1 and 4-2 indicate brushes that are supplied with power from the positive and negative electrodes 5-1 and 5-2 of the DC power source, respectively, and slide on the commutator pieces,
The opening angle is 180 degrees (3/1 of the magnetic pole width), but the opening angle is 60 degrees.
An opening angle of 300 degrees (magnetic pole width) or an opening angle of 300 degrees (5/1 of the magnetic pole width) is equivalent and can be implemented.
In addition, as shown by dotted lines, the brushes 4-1, 4-2,...
. . , 4-6, it is clear that the above-mentioned short circuit between the commutator pieces becomes unnecessary.
That is, the brushes 4-1, 4-3, and 4-5 are powered by the DC power source positive electrode 5-1, and the brushes 4-2, 4-4, and 4-6 are powered by the DC power source negative electrode 5-2, respectively.
The opening angle of each is 60 degrees (magnetic pole width).
At the related positions shown in the figure, current is applied in the direction of mismarking, torque is generated in each armature winding, and the armature 2 and commutator 3
are commutator motors that rotate in the directions of misprints A and B, respectively. As can be seen from the above description, according to this embodiment, the armature windings are superimposed in multiple layers, so the thickness of the armature increases. Such thicknesses have the disadvantage of significantly weakening the effective magnetic field passing through the armature, reducing efficiency and starting torque. For this reason, in the past, efforts have been made to reduce the thickness of the conductor portion that contributes to the generated torque. However, since this process is carried out by pressure molding or the like, many defective products such as armature winding breakage or short circuits occur. Furthermore, since the mutual phase relationship is not regulated when arranging the armature windings, the phase relationship tends to shift, making it extremely difficult to obtain a highly efficient DC motor, and the manufacturing process is also complicated, making mass production difficult. It was becoming expensive.

以上のような欠点を除去するため電機子巻線の
数を少なく構成する場合が考えられるが、次に述
べるような欠点が生じる。電機子巻線の数が少な
いために電機子と界磁磁極との相対的な１回転中
における電機子電流の切り換わりの回数は少なく
なり整流特性は悪化し、また反トルクが生じ易く
効率及び起動トルクを減少せしめる。更に直流電
源正負極間に存在する電機子巻線の数は非常に少
なくなるため高電圧用の直流電動機として使用す
ることは不可能となり、火花の発生は増大し、短
絡事故等も生じ易く電動機の耐久性は減少する。
また従来の円筒状電機子を備えた無鉄心電動機に
使用されている方法には、巻幅の両端部分が重な
らないようにするために、絶縁電線を一本ずつ整
列巻により全巻幅或いは一部分を巻幅に対して斜
に巻いて略180度毎に両端で交互に折返し、順次
連続巻回して円筒状電機子を形成する方法が用い
られているが、この場合においても量産性がなく
高価なものとなつていた。 In order to eliminate the above drawbacks, it may be possible to reduce the number of armature windings, but the following drawbacks arise. Because the number of armature windings is small, the number of times the armature current switches during one relative rotation between the armature and field magnetic poles is reduced, resulting in poor rectification characteristics, and counter-torque is likely to occur, which reduces efficiency and Reduces starting torque. Furthermore, the number of armature windings that exist between the positive and negative electrodes of a DC power supply will be extremely small, making it impossible to use it as a high-voltage DC motor, increasing the number of sparks, and easily causing short-circuit accidents. The durability of will decrease.
In addition, in the method used for conventional ironless motors equipped with cylindrical armatures, insulated wires are wound one by one in an aligned manner to avoid overlapping the ends of the winding width, either by winding the entire winding width or by winding a part of it. The method used is to wind diagonally to the width of the winding, alternately fold back at both ends every 180 degrees, and then wind continuously in order to form a cylindrical armature, but even in this case, it is not suitable for mass production and is expensive. It had become a thing.

本発明は、2m（2n＋１）個（ｍ，ｎは１以上
の整数）の磁極を備えた界磁磁極に対して、ｍ
（2n＋２）個の電機子巻線、及び電機子と界磁磁
極との相対的な１回転中における電機子電流の切
り換わりをｍ（2n＋１）（2n＋２）回（特異点は
除く。特異点の説明は後述する。）の割合で行な
う整流装置を備えることにより、上記した欠点を
除去すると共に、電機子の厚みを薄く形成でき、
理論的にバランスもとれており、構成が簡素化さ
れ、従つて量産に適して廉価に供給でき、高トル
ク、高効率で整流特性も良好な直流電動機を得る
ことができるものである。次にかかる効果を有す
る本発明装置の詳細を第２図示以下について説明
する。 The present invention provides m
The armature current is switched m(2n+1)(2n+2) times (excluding singular points. (Explanation will be given later.) By providing a rectifying device that performs the rectification at a ratio of
It is theoretically balanced, has a simple configuration, is suitable for mass production, can be supplied at low cost, and can provide a DC motor with high torque, high efficiency, and good rectification characteristics. Next, the details of the device of the present invention having the above effects will be explained with reference to the second diagram.

第２図は、円板状の電機子を設けた整流子電動
機の構成の説明図である。プレス加工された軟鋼
製の筐体８には軸承１０が固定され、またプレス
加工された軟鋼製の筐体７がビス１６によつて筐
体８に固定されて磁路となつている。筐体７には
軸承９が固定され、軸承９，１０には回転軸６が
支承され、回転軸６の一端は筐体８に圧接してい
る。筐体８には、Ｎ，Ｓ磁極が回転軸方向に磁化
された円環状の界磁磁極１１が貼着して固定され
ている。回転軸６には一体にモールドされた電機
子１２及び整流子１３が固定されている。電機子
１２は筐体７と界磁磁極１１との空隙磁界内に介
在するように構成されている。記号１５は刷子保
持具であり、整流子１３に摺接する刷子１４を保
持している。 FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of a commutator motor provided with a disk-shaped armature. A bearing 10 is fixed to a pressed mild steel casing 8, and a pressed mild steel casing 7 is fixed to the casing 8 with screws 16 to form a magnetic path. A bearing 9 is fixed to the housing 7 , a rotating shaft 6 is supported on the bearings 9 and 10 , and one end of the rotating shaft 6 is pressed against the housing 8 . An annular field magnetic pole 11 whose N and S magnetic poles are magnetized in the direction of the rotation axis is adhered and fixed to the casing 8 . An armature 12 and a commutator 13 that are integrally molded are fixed to the rotating shaft 6. The armature 12 is configured to be interposed in the air gap magnetic field between the housing 7 and the field magnetic pole 11. A brush holder 15 holds the brush 14 that comes into sliding contact with the commutator 13.

次に第３図示より第８図示において、上述した
円板状の電機子を設けた整流子電動機に本発明を
適用した実施例について説明する。 Next, referring to FIGS. 3 to 8, embodiments in which the present invention is applied to a commutator motor provided with the above-mentioned disk-shaped armature will be described.

第３図に示したものはｍ＝１，ｎ＝１の場合、
即ち、界磁磁極が2m（2n＋１）＝６磁極、電機子
巻線がｍ（2n＋２）＝４個、整流子片がｍ（2n＋
１）（2n＋２）＝12個よりなる実施例の展開式巻
線図である。第１図示の従来の実施例より電機子
巻線の数を少なくした本発明の実施例である。界
磁磁極１７は第４図ａに示すように60度の開角で
Ｎ，Ｓ極に回転軸方向に磁化された磁極１７−
１，１７−２，……，１７−６よりなり、第２図
示の界磁磁極１１に相当する。整流装置となる整
流子１９は30度の開角（磁極幅の1/2）の整流子
片１９−１，１９−２，……，１９−１２より構
成され、360／ｍ（2n＋１）＝120度の開角（磁極
幅の2/1）だけ離れたｍ（2n＋１）＝３個ずつの
整流子片同士を短絡部材となる導線等により電気
的に短絡している。即ち、整流子片１９−１と１
９−５と１９−９、及び整流子片１９−２と１９
−６と１９−１０、及び整流子片１９−３と１９
−７と１９−１１、及び整流子片１９−４と１９
−８と１９−１２をそれぞれ短絡しており、第２
図示の整流子１３に相当する。電機子１８は電機
子巻線１８−１，１８−２，１８−３，１８−４
が第４図ｂに示すように配設され、一体にモール
ドされて構成している。即ち、各電機子巻線はそ
れぞれ90度の開角（磁極幅の3/2）の等しいピツ
チで重畳せずに配設されている。電機子巻線の発
生トルクに寄与する導体部（電機子巻線１８−１
の場合は１８−１−ａ，１８−１−ｂ部である）
の開角は60度で磁極幅と等しくされている。各電
機子巻線は界磁磁極１７の磁極１７−１，１７−
２，……，１７−６に対してそれぞれ磁気的に
360／（2n＋２）＝90度の位相角をもつて配設さ
れて円板状電機子を構成しており、第２図示の電
機子１２に相当する。第３図に戻り、電機子巻線
１８−１の一端は整流子片１９−２に、他端は整
流子片１９−３に接続されており、他も同様に電
機子巻線１８−２の両端はそれぞれ整流子片１９
−５，１９−６に、電機子巻線１８−３の両端は
それぞれ整流子片１９−８，１９−９に、電機子
巻線１８−４の両端はそれぞれ整流子片１９−１
１，１９−１２に接続されている。即ち、界磁磁
極１７の磁極１７−１，１７−２，……，１７−
６に対する各電機子巻線の対応状態において、各
任意の電機子巻線の磁極に対する状態に対して最
も近い状態にある電機子巻線の端子と前記した任
意の電機子巻線の端子とを各電機子巻線の巻線方
向が同一方向となるように整流子片を介して接続
されており、後述する実施例についても全く同様
である。記号２０−１，２０−２は直流電源正負
極２１−１，２１−２よりそれぞれ給電されると
共に整流子片上を摺動する刷子を示し、開角は
180度（磁極幅の3/1）となつているが、360／2m
（2n＋１）＝60度の開角（磁極幅）、或いは300度
の開角（磁極幅の5/1）でも等価となり実施でき
るものである。尚、点線で図示したように、刷子
２０−１，２０−２，……，２０−６を用いるこ
とにより、前述した通り、整流子片同士の短絡は
不必要となることは明白である。即ち、それぞれ
360／ｍ（2n＋１）＝120度の開角（磁極幅の2/
１）でｍ（2n＋１）＝３個の第１群の刷子２０−
１，２０−３，２０−５は直流電源正極２１−１
より、ｍ（2n＋１）＝３個の第２群の刷子２０−
２，２０−４，２０−６は直流電源負極２１−２
よりそれぞれ給電されており、第１群の刷子と第
２群の刷子とは360／2m（2n＋１）＝60度の開角
（磁極幅）となつており、後述する実施例につい
ても同様な手段を用いることが可能である。図示
の関係位置では矢印方向に通電され、各電機子巻
線にトルクが発生して電機子１８及び整流子１９
はそれぞれ矢印Ａ，Ｂ方向に回転する。かくして
１回転中における電機子電流の切り換わりがｍ
（2n＋１）（2n＋２）＝12回（整流子電動機の場合
は刷子自体の開角が極めて狭い場合の回数で、必
ずしも実施例に図示する状態と一致しない。１個
の刷子が２つの整流子片に摺接した点を特異点と
称し、これを除いた回数であり、後述する実施例
についても全く同様である。）の割合で行なわ
れ、引続いたトルクが発生して回転する整流子電
動機となるものである。 What is shown in Figure 3 is when m=1, n=1,
That is, the field magnetic poles are 2 m (2n + 1) = 6 magnetic poles, the armature windings are m (2n + 2) = 4, and the commutator pieces are m (2n +
1) It is an expanded winding diagram of an embodiment consisting of (2n+2)=12 pieces. This is an embodiment of the present invention in which the number of armature windings is smaller than that of the conventional embodiment shown in FIG. The field magnetic pole 17 is a magnetic pole 17- which is magnetized in the direction of the rotation axis to have N and S poles with an opening angle of 60 degrees, as shown in Fig. 4a.
1, 17-2, . . . , 17-6, and corresponds to the field magnetic pole 11 shown in the second diagram. The commutator 19 serving as a rectifier is composed of commutator pieces 19-1, 19-2, ..., 19-12 with an opening angle of 30 degrees (1/2 of the magnetic pole width), and 360/m (2n + 1) = Three m(2n+1) commutator pieces separated by an opening angle of 120 degrees (2/1 of the magnetic pole width) are electrically short-circuited using a conductive wire or the like that serves as a short-circuiting member. That is, commutator pieces 19-1 and 1
9-5 and 19-9, and commutator pieces 19-2 and 19
-6 and 19-10, and commutator pieces 19-3 and 19
-7 and 19-11, and commutator pieces 19-4 and 19
-8 and 19-12 are short-circuited, and the second
This corresponds to the commutator 13 shown in the figure. The armature 18 has armature windings 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, 18-4.
are arranged as shown in FIG. 4b and are integrally molded. That is, each armature winding is arranged at an equal pitch with an opening angle of 90 degrees (3/2 of the magnetic pole width) without overlapping. Conductor portion (armature winding 18-1) that contributes to the generated torque of the armature winding
In this case, it is part 18-1-a, 18-1-b)
The opening angle of is 60 degrees and is equal to the magnetic pole width. Each armature winding has magnetic poles 17-1 and 17- of the field magnetic pole 17.
2, ..., 17-6 respectively magnetically
They are arranged with a phase angle of 360/(2n+2)=90 degrees to form a disc-shaped armature, which corresponds to the armature 12 shown in the second diagram. Returning to FIG. 3, one end of the armature winding 18-1 is connected to the commutator piece 19-2, the other end is connected to the commutator piece 19-3, and the other end is connected to the armature winding 18-2. Both ends of the commutator piece 19
-5, 19-6, both ends of the armature winding 18-3 are connected to commutator pieces 19-8, 19-9, respectively, and both ends of the armature winding 18-4 are connected to commutator pieces 19-1, respectively.
1, 19-12. That is, the magnetic poles 17-1, 17-2, ..., 17- of the field magnetic pole 17
In the corresponding state of each armature winding to 6, the terminal of the armature winding that is in the state closest to the state of each arbitrary armature winding with respect to the magnetic pole and the terminal of the above-mentioned arbitrary armature winding are The armature windings are connected via commutator pieces so that the winding directions thereof are in the same direction, and the same applies to the embodiments described later. Symbols 20-1 and 20-2 indicate brushes that are supplied with power from the positive and negative electrodes 21-1 and 21-2 of the DC power supply, respectively, and slide on the commutator pieces, and the opening angle is
Although it is 180 degrees (3/1 of the magnetic pole width), it is 360/2m
An opening angle of (2n+1)=60 degrees (magnetic pole width) or an opening angle of 300 degrees (5/1 of the magnetic pole width) is also equivalent and can be implemented. It is clear that by using the brushes 20-1, 20-2, . That is, each
360/m (2n+1) = 120 degree opening angle (2/ of magnetic pole width
1), m(2n+1) = 3 first group brushes 20-
1, 20-3, 20-5 are DC power supply positive electrode 21-1
Therefore, m(2n+1)=3 second group brushes 20−
2, 20-4, 20-6 are DC power supply negative electrode 21-2
The first group of brushes and the second group of brushes have an opening angle (magnetic pole width) of 360/2m (2n+1) = 60 degrees, and the same method is applied to the embodiments described later. It is possible to use At the related positions shown in the figure, electricity is applied in the direction of the arrow, and torque is generated in each armature winding, causing the armature 18 and commutator 19
rotate in the directions of arrows A and B, respectively. Thus, the switching of armature current during one rotation is m
(2n+1) (2n+2) = 12 times (In the case of a commutator motor, this is the number of times when the opening angle of the brush itself is extremely narrow, and it does not necessarily match the state shown in the example. One brush has two commutator pieces. The point of sliding contact is called the singular point, and the number of times excluding this point is exactly the same for the examples described later. This is the result.

第５図に示したものは、ｍ＝１，ｎ＝２の場
合、即ち、界磁磁極が2m（2n＋１）＝10磁極、電
機子巻線がｍ（2n＋２）＝６個、整流子片がｍ
（2n＋１）（2n＋２）＝30個よりなる実施例の展開
式巻線図である。界磁磁極２２は第６図ａに示す
ように36度の開角でＮ，Ｓ極に回転軸方向に磁化
された磁極２２−１，２２−２，……，２２−１
０よりなり、第２図示の界磁磁極１１に相当す
る。整流装置となる整流子２４は12度の開角（磁
極幅の1/3）の整流子片２４−１，２４−２，…
…，２４−３０より構成され、360／ｍ（2n＋
１）＝72度の開角（磁極幅の2/1）だけ離れたｍ
（2n＋１）＝５個ずつの整流子片同士を短絡部材
となる導線等により電気的に短絡している。即
ち、整流子片２４−１と２４−７と２４−１３と
２４−１９と２４−２５、及び整流子片２４−２
と２４−８と２４−１４と２４−２０と２４−２
６、及び整流子片２４−３と２４−９と２４−１
５と２４−２１と２４−２７、及び整流子片２４
−４と２４−１０と２４−１６と２４−２２と２
４−２８、及び整流子片２４−５と２４−１１と
２４−１７と２４−２３と２４−２９、及び整流
子片２４−６と２４−１２と２４−１８と２４−
２４と２４−３０をそれぞれ短絡しており、第２
図示の整流子１３に相当する。電機子２３は電機
子巻線２３−１，２３−２，……，２３−６が第
６図ｂに示すように配設され、一体にモールドさ
れて構成している。即ち、各電機子巻線はそれぞ
れ60度の開角（磁極幅の5/3）の等しいピツチで
重畳せずに配設されている。電機子巻線の発生ト
ルクに寄与する導体部（電機子巻線２３−１の場
合は２３−１−ａ，２３−１−ｂ部である）の開
角は36度で磁極幅と等しくされている。各電機子
巻線は界磁磁極２２の磁極２２−１，２２−２，
……，２２−１０に対してそれぞれ磁気的に
360／（2n＋２）＝60度の位相角をもつて配設さ
れて円板状電機子を構成しており、第２図示の電
機子１２に相当する。第５図に戻り、電機子巻線
２３−１の一端は整流子片２４−３に、他端は整
流子片２４−４に接続されており、他も同様に電
機子巻線２３−２の両端はそれぞれ整流子片２４
−８，２４−９に、電機子巻線２３−３の両端は
それぞれ整流子片２４−１３，２４−１４に、電
機子巻線２３−４の両端はそれぞれ整流子片２４
−１８，２４−１９に、電機子巻線２３−５の両
端はそれぞれ整流子片２４−２３，２４−２４
に、電機子巻線２３−６の両端はそれぞれ整流子
片２４−２８，２４−２９に接続されている。記
号２０−１，２０−２は直流電源正負極２１−
１，２１−２よりそれぞれ給電されると共に整流
子片上を摺動する刷子を示し、開角は180度（磁
極幅の5/1）となつているが、360／2m（2n＋
１）＝36度の開角（磁極幅）、或いは108度の開角
（磁極幅の3/1）、或いは252度の開角（磁極幅の7/
１）、或いは324度の開角（磁極幅の9/1）でも等価
となり実施できるものである。図示の関係位置で
は矢印方向に通電され、各電機子巻線にトルクが
発生して電機子２３及び整流子２４はそれぞれ矢
印Ａ，Ｂ方向に回転する。かくして１回転中にお
ける電機子電流の切り換わりがｍ（2n＋１）（2n
＋２）＝30回（特異点は除く）の割合で行なわ
れ、引続いたトルクが発生して回転する整流子電
動機となるものである。 What is shown in Figure 5 is when m = 1, n = 2, that is, the field magnetic poles are 2m (2n + 1) = 10 magnetic poles, the armature winding is m (2n + 2) = 6, and the commutator pieces are m
It is an expanded winding diagram of an embodiment consisting of (2n+1)(2n+2)=30 pieces. As shown in FIG. 6a, the field magnetic poles 22 are magnetic poles 22-1, 22-2, ..., 22-1 magnetized in the direction of the rotational axis at N and S poles with an opening angle of 36 degrees.
0, and corresponds to the field magnetic pole 11 shown in the second diagram. The commutator 24, which serves as a rectifier, has commutator pieces 24-1, 24-2, . . . with an opening angle of 12 degrees (1/3 of the magnetic pole width).
..., 24-30, 360/m (2n+
1) = m separated by an opening angle of 72 degrees (2/1 of the magnetic pole width)
(2n+1)=5 pieces of commutator pieces are electrically short-circuited with each other by a conductive wire or the like serving as a short-circuiting member. That is, commutator pieces 24-1, 24-7, 24-13, 24-19, and 24-25, and commutator piece 24-2.
and 24-8 and 24-14 and 24-20 and 24-2
6, and commutator pieces 24-3, 24-9, and 24-1
5 and 24-21 and 24-27, and commutator piece 24
-4 and 24-10 and 24-16 and 24-22 and 2
4-28, and commutator pieces 24-5, 24-11, 24-17, 24-23, and 24-29, and commutator pieces 24-6, 24-12, 24-18, and 24-
24 and 24-30 are short-circuited, and the second
This corresponds to the commutator 13 shown in the figure. The armature 23 is constructed by armature windings 23-1, 23-2, . . . , 23-6 arranged as shown in FIG. 6b and integrally molded. That is, each armature winding is arranged at an equal pitch with an opening angle of 60 degrees (5/3 of the magnetic pole width) without overlapping. The opening angle of the conductor portion (in the case of the armature winding 23-1, the portions 23-1-a and 23-1-b) that contributes to the generated torque of the armature winding is 36 degrees and is equal to the magnetic pole width. ing. Each armature winding has magnetic poles 22-1, 22-2 of the field magnetic pole 22,
..., magnetically for 22-10, respectively.
They are arranged with a phase angle of 360/(2n+2)=60 degrees to form a disc-shaped armature, which corresponds to the armature 12 shown in the second diagram. Returning to FIG. 5, one end of the armature winding 23-1 is connected to the commutator piece 24-3, the other end is connected to the commutator piece 24-4, and the other end is connected to the armature winding 23-2. Both ends of the commutator piece 24
-8, 24-9, both ends of the armature winding 23-3 are connected to commutator pieces 24-13, 24-14, respectively, and both ends of the armature winding 23-4 are connected to commutator pieces 24-14, respectively.
-18, 24-19, both ends of the armature winding 23-5 are connected to commutator pieces 24-23, 24-24, respectively.
Both ends of the armature winding 23-6 are connected to commutator pieces 24-28 and 24-29, respectively. Symbols 20-1 and 20-2 are DC power supply positive and negative poles 21-
1 and 21-2 and sliding on the commutator pieces, the opening angle is 180 degrees (5/1 of the magnetic pole width), but it is 360/2 m (2n+
1) = 36 degree opening angle (magnetic pole width), or 108 degree opening angle (3/1 of magnetic pole width), or 252 degree opening angle (7/1 of magnetic pole width)
1), or an opening angle of 324 degrees (9/1 of the magnetic pole width) is equivalent and can be implemented. At the related positions shown, electricity is applied in the direction of the arrow, torque is generated in each armature winding, and the armature 23 and commutator 24 rotate in the directions of arrows A and B, respectively. Thus, the switching of armature current during one rotation is m(2n+1)(2n
+2) = 30 times (excluding singular points), and a continuous torque is generated, resulting in a rotating commutator motor.

第７図に示したものは、ｍ＝１，ｎ＝３の場
合、即ち、界磁磁極が2m（2n＋１）＝14磁極、電
機子巻線がｍ（2n＋２）＝８個、整流子片がｍ
（2n＋１）（2n＋２）＝56個よりなる実施例の展開
式巻線図である。界磁磁極２５は第８図ａに示す
ように約25.7度の開角でＮ，Ｓ極に回転軸方向に
磁化された磁極２５−１，２５−２，……，２５
−１４よりなり、第２図示の界磁磁極１１に相当
する。整流装置となる整流子２７は約6.7度の開
角（磁極幅の1/4）の整流子片２７−１，２７−
２，……，２７−５６より構成され、360／ｍ
（2n＋１）＝360／７≒約51.4度の開角（磁極幅の
2/1）だけ離れたｍ（2n＋１）＝７個ずつ整流子
片同士を短絡部材となる導線等により電気的に短
絡している。即ち、整流子片２７−１と２７−９
と２７−１７と２７−２５と２７−３３と２７−
４１と２７−４９、及び整流子片２７−２と２７
−１０と２７−１８と２７−２６と２７−３４と
２７−４２と２７−５０、及び整流子片２７−３
と２７−１１と２７−１９と２７−２７と２７−
３５と２７−４３と２７−５１、及び整流子片２
７−４と２７−１２と２７−２０と２７−２８と
２７−３６と２７−４４と２７−５２、及び整流
子片２７−５と２７−１３と２７−２１と２７−
２９と２７−３７と２７−４５と２７−５３、及
び整流子片２７−６と２７−１４と２７−２２と
２７−３０と２７−３８と２７−４６と２７−５
４、及び整流子片２７−７と２７−１５と２７−
２３と２７−３１と２７−３９と２７−４７と２
７−５５、及び整流子片２７−８と２７−１６と
２７−２４と２７−３２と２７−４０と２７−４
８と２７−５６をそれぞれ短絡しており、第２図
示の整流子１３に相当する。電機子２６は電機子
巻線２６−１，２６−２，……，２６−８が第８
図ｂに示すように配設され、一体にモールドされ
て構成している。即ち、各電機子巻線はそれぞれ
45度の開角（磁極幅の7/4）の等しいピツチで重
畳せずに配設されている。電機子巻線の発生トル
クに寄与する導体部（電機子巻線２６−１の場合
は２６−１−ａ，２６−１−ｂ部である）の開角
は約25.7度で磁極幅と等しくされている。各電機
子巻線は界磁磁極２５の磁極２５−１，２５−
２，……，２５−１４に対してそれぞれ磁気的に
360／（2n＋２）＝45度の位相角をもつて配設さ
れて円板状電機子を構成しており、第２図示の電
機子１２に相当する。第７図に戻り、電機子巻線
２６−１の一端は整流子片２７−５６に、他端は
整流子片２７−１に接続されており、他も同様に
電機子巻線２６−２の両端はそれぞれ整流子片２
７−７，２７−８に、電機子巻線２６−３の両端
はそれぞれ整流子片２７−１４，２７−１５に、
電機子巻線２６−４の両端はそれぞれ整流子片２
７−２１，２７−２２に、電機子巻線２６−５の
両端はそれぞれ整流子片２７−２８，２７−２９
に、電機子巻線２６−６の両端はそれぞれ整流子
片２７−３５，２７−３６に、電機子巻線２６−
７の両端はそれぞれ整流子片２７−４２，２７−
４３に、電機子巻線２６−８の両端はそれぞれ整
流子片２７−４９，２７−５０に接続されてい
る。記号２０−１，２０−２は直流電源正負極２
１−１，２１−２よりそれぞれ給電されると共に
整流子片上を摺動する刷子を示し、開角は180度
（磁極幅の7/1）となつているが、 360／2m（2n＋１）＝360／14≒約25.7度の開角
（磁極幅）、或いは77.1度の開角（磁極幅の3/1）、
或いは約128.6度の開角（磁極幅の5/1）、或いは
約231.4度の開角（磁極幅の9/1）、或いは約282.9
度の開角（磁極幅の11/1）、或いは約334.3度の開
角（磁極幅の13/1）でも等価となり実施できるも
のである。図示の関係位置では矢印方向に通電さ
れ、各電機子巻線にトルクが発生して電機子２６
及び整流子２７はそれぞれ矢印Ａ，Ｂ方向に回転
する。かくして１回転中における電機子電流の切
り換わりがｍ（2n＋１）（2n＋２）＝56回（特異
点は除く）の割合で行なわれ、引続いたトルクが
発生して回転する整流子電動機となるものであ
る。 What is shown in Fig. 7 is when m = 1, n = 3, that is, the field magnetic poles are 2m (2n + 1) = 14 magnetic poles, the armature windings are m (2n + 2) = 8, and the commutator pieces are m
It is an expanded winding diagram of an embodiment consisting of (2n+1)(2n+2)=56 pieces. As shown in FIG. 8a, the field magnetic poles 25 are magnetic poles 25-1, 25-2, .
-14, and corresponds to the field magnetic pole 11 shown in the second diagram. The commutator 27, which serves as a rectifier, has commutator pieces 27-1 and 27- with an opening angle of approximately 6.7 degrees (1/4 of the magnetic pole width).
2,...,27-56, 360/m
(2n+1)=360/7≒approx. 51.4 degree opening angle (magnetic pole width
The commutator pieces are electrically short-circuited by conductive wires, etc., which serve as short-circuiting members. That is, commutator pieces 27-1 and 27-9
and 27-17 and 27-25 and 27-33 and 27-
41 and 27-49, and commutator pieces 27-2 and 27
-10, 27-18, 27-26, 27-34, 27-42, 27-50, and commutator piece 27-3
and 27-11 and 27-19 and 27-27 and 27-
35 and 27-43 and 27-51, and commutator piece 2
7-4, 27-12, 27-20, 27-28, 27-36, 27-44, and 27-52, and commutator pieces 27-5, 27-13, 27-21, and 27-
29, 27-37, 27-45, and 27-53, and commutator pieces 27-6, 27-14, 27-22, 27-30, 27-38, 27-46, and 27-5
4, and commutator pieces 27-7, 27-15, and 27-
23 and 27-31 and 27-39 and 27-47 and 2
7-55, and commutator pieces 27-8, 27-16, 27-24, 27-32, 27-40, and 27-4
8 and 27-56 are short-circuited, respectively, and correspond to the commutator 13 shown in the second diagram. The armature 26 has armature windings 26-1, 26-2, ..., 26-8 in the eighth
They are arranged as shown in Figure b and are integrally molded. That is, each armature winding is
They are arranged at an equal pitch with an opening angle of 45 degrees (7/4 of the magnetic pole width) without overlapping. The opening angle of the conductor part (in the case of armature winding 26-1, it is parts 26-1-a and 26-1-b) that contributes to the generated torque of the armature winding is approximately 25.7 degrees, which is equal to the magnetic pole width. has been done. Each armature winding has magnetic poles 25-1 and 25- of the field magnetic pole 25.
2, ..., 25-14 respectively magnetically
They are arranged with a phase angle of 360/(2n+2)=45 degrees to form a disc-shaped armature, which corresponds to the armature 12 shown in the second diagram. Returning to FIG. 7, one end of the armature winding 26-1 is connected to the commutator piece 27-56, the other end is connected to the commutator piece 27-1, and the other end is connected to the armature winding 26-2. Both ends of the commutator piece 2
7-7, 27-8, both ends of the armature winding 26-3 are connected to commutator pieces 27-14, 27-15, respectively.
Both ends of the armature winding 26-4 are connected to commutator pieces 2, respectively.
7-21, 27-22, both ends of the armature winding 26-5 are connected to commutator pieces 27-28, 27-29, respectively.
, both ends of the armature winding 26-6 are connected to the commutator pieces 27-35 and 27-36, respectively, and the armature winding 26-6 is connected to the commutator pieces 27-35 and 27-36, respectively.
Both ends of 7 are commutator pieces 27-42, 27-, respectively.
43, both ends of the armature winding 26-8 are connected to commutator pieces 27-49 and 27-50, respectively. Symbols 20-1 and 20-2 are DC power supply positive and negative poles 2
It shows the brushes that are supplied with power from 1-1 and 21-2 and slide on the commutator pieces, and the opening angle is 180 degrees (7/1 of the magnetic pole width), but 360/2m (2n + 1) = 360/14≒approximately 25.7 degree opening angle (magnetic pole width), or 77.1 degree opening angle (3/1 of magnetic pole width),
or an opening angle of approximately 128.6 degrees (5/1 of the magnetic pole width), or an opening angle of approximately 231.4 degrees (9/1 of the magnetic pole width), or approximately 282.9 degrees.
An opening angle of about 334.3 degrees (11/1 of the magnetic pole width) or an opening angle of about 334.3 degrees (13/1 of the magnetic pole width) is also equivalent and can be implemented. At the related positions shown, electricity is applied in the direction of the arrow, and torque is generated in each armature winding, causing the armature 26
The commutator 27 rotates in the directions of arrows A and B, respectively. In this way, the armature current is switched at a rate of m (2n + 1) (2n + 2) = 56 times (excluding singular points) during one rotation, and a continuous torque is generated to create a rotating commutator motor. It is.

第９図は、円板状の電機子を設けた半導体電動
機の構成の説明図である。プレス加工された軟鋼
製の筐体３１には軸承３２が固定され、また、プ
レス加工された軟鋼製の筐体３０がビス３８によ
つて筐体３１に固定されている。軸承３２にはタ
ーンテーブル２９を保持する回転軸２８が回転自
在に支承され、回転軸２８にはマグネツト回転子
３３がマグネツトホルダー３３ａを介して固定さ
れている。マグネツト回転子３３の外周には被位
置検知帯３５がリング状に固定されている。界磁
となるマグネツト回転子３３はＮ，Ｓ磁極が回転
軸方向に磁化されて設けられ、上面は磁路となる
軟鋼製円板３４が貼着されている。筐体３１の内
面には、電機子３７が貼着されており、筐体３１
とマグネツト回転子３３との空隙磁界内に介在す
るように構成されている。記号３６は位置検知素
子の支持体であり、筐体３０に設けられた空孔部
に保持されている。軸承３２の下部は外周にネジ
部を設け雌ネジ３２−１に螺着されて回転軸２８
のスラスト方向の調節を可能ならしめている。 FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of a semiconductor motor provided with a disk-shaped armature. A bearing 32 is fixed to a pressed mild steel case 31 , and a pressed mild steel case 30 is fixed to the case 31 with screws 38 . A rotating shaft 28 holding a turntable 29 is rotatably supported on the bearing 32, and a magnetic rotor 33 is fixed to the rotating shaft 28 via a magnetic holder 33a. A position detection band 35 is fixed to the outer periphery of the magnet rotor 33 in a ring shape. A magnetic rotor 33 that serves as a field is provided with N and S magnetic poles magnetized in the direction of the rotation axis, and a mild steel disc 34 that serves as a magnetic path is attached to the upper surface. An armature 37 is attached to the inner surface of the casing 31, and the casing 31
The magnet rotor 33 is configured to be interposed in the air gap magnetic field between the magnet rotor 33 and the magnet rotor 33. Reference numeral 36 denotes a support for the position detection element, which is held in a hole provided in the housing 30. The lower part of the bearing 32 has a threaded part on the outer periphery and is screwed onto the female thread 32-1 to connect the rotating shaft 28.
This makes it possible to adjust the thrust direction.

次に第１０図において、上述した円板状の電機
子を設けた半導体電動機に本発明を適用したもの
について説明する。ｍ＝１，ｎ＝１の場合、即
ち、界磁磁極が2m（2n＋１）＝６磁極、電機子巻
線の数がｍ（2n＋２）＝４個、電機子電流の切り
換わりが１回転中にｍ（2n＋１）（2n＋２）＝12
回（半導体電動機の場合は電機子電流の切り換わ
る点を特異点と称し、これを除いた回数であ
る。）の割合で行なわれる整流装置よりなる実施
例の展開式巻線図である。界磁磁極となるマグネ
ツト回転子３９は、60度の開角でＮ，Ｓ極に回転
軸方向に磁化された磁極３９−１，３９−２，…
…，３９−６よりなり、矢印Ｃ方向に回転し、第
９図示のマグネツト回転子３３に相当する。電機
子４０は電機子巻線４０−１，４０−２，４０−
３，４０−４が第４図ｂにおいて、説明したもの
と全く同一の開角で配設され、固定子となつてい
る。即ち、各電機子巻線はそれぞれ90度の開角
（磁極幅の3/2）の等しいピツチで重畳せずに配設
されている。電機子巻線の発生トルクに寄与する
導体部（電機子巻線４０−１の場合は４０−１−
ａ，４０−１−ｂ部である）の開角は60度で、磁
極幅と等しくされており、第９図示の電機子３７
に相当する。各電機子巻線は直列接続され、電機
子巻線４０−１と４０−２，４０−２と４０−
３，４０−３と４０−４，４０−４と４０−１の
接続部は慣用されている通電制御回路４１を介し
て直流電源正極４４−１、直流電源負極４４−２
に接続されている。記号４２−１，４２−２，４
２−３，４２−４は位置検知素子で例えばホール
素子、誘動コイル等が使用されている。それぞれ
の開角は90度（磁極幅の3/2）となつている。位
置検知素子４２−１，４２−２，４２−３，４２
−４は、第９図示の支持体３６に収納され、被位
置検知帯３５に対向している。位置検知素子がホ
ール素子である場合には、マグネツト回転子３９
の磁極３９−１，３９−２，……，３９−６の外
側への漏洩磁束を利用することができる。記号４
３は斜線部４３−２，４３−４，４３−６をＮ極
とし、打点部４３−１，４３−３，４３−５をＳ
極とする被位置検知帯であり、第９図示の被位置
検知帯３５に相当する。Ｓ極に対向したときのホ
ール素子４２−１，４２−２，４２−３，４２−
４の出力により通電制御回路４１に含まれる第１
群のそれぞれ対応するトランジスタ等を導通し、
直流電源正極４４−１と対応する電機子巻線は導
通となる。又、Ｎ極に対向したときのホール巻子
４２−１，４２−２，４２−３，４２−４の出力
により通電制御回路４１に含まれる第２群のそれ
ぞれ対応するトランジスタ等を導通し、直流電源
負極４４−２と対応する電機子巻線は導通とな
る。これらの導通により電機子電流が制御される
ように構成されている。即ち、図示する関係位置
ではＳ極に対向しているホール素子４３−５の出
力により第１群の対応するトランジスタを導通
し、直流電源正極４４−１と電機子巻線４０−３
と４０−４の接続部は導通となる。またＮ極に対
向しているホール素子４３−２の出力により第２
群の対応するトランジスタを導通し、直流電源負
極４４−２と電機子巻線４０−１と４０−２の接
続部は導通となる。従つて矢印方向に通電されて
各電機子巻線にトルクが発生し、マグネツト回転
子３９及び被位置検知帯４３はそれぞれ矢印Ｃ，
Ｄ方向に回転する。かくして１回転中における電
機子電流の切り換わりがｍ（2n＋１）（2n＋２）
＝12回（特異点は除く）の割合で行なわれ、引続
いたトルクが発生して回転するものである。かか
る通電方式は慣用されている半導体電動機の場合
と同じなのでマグネツト回転子３９及び被位置検
知帯４３は矢印Ｃ，Ｄ方向に回転する半導体電動
機となるものである。上述した実施例は、界磁磁
極が６磁極で、電機子巻線の数が４個の場合であ
るが、他の実施例についても半導体電動機に同様
に適用できるものである。 Next, referring to FIG. 10, a description will be given of an application of the present invention to a semiconductor motor provided with the above-mentioned disk-shaped armature. When m = 1, n = 1, that is, the field magnetic poles are 2m (2n + 1) = 6 magnetic poles, the number of armature windings is m (2n + 2) = 4, and the armature current is switched during one rotation. m(2n+1)(2n+2)=12
FIG. 2 is an exploded winding diagram of an embodiment comprising a rectifying device that performs rectification at a rate of 1.5 times (in the case of a semiconductor motor, the point at which the armature current switches is called a singular point, and the number of times is excluded). The magnet rotor 39, which serves as field magnetic poles, has magnetic poles 39-1, 39-2, .
..., 39-6, rotates in the direction of arrow C, and corresponds to the magnet rotor 33 shown in FIG. The armature 40 has armature windings 40-1, 40-2, 40-
3 and 40-4 are arranged in FIG. 4b with exactly the same opening angle as described, and form a stator. That is, each armature winding is arranged at an equal pitch with an opening angle of 90 degrees (3/2 of the magnetic pole width) without overlapping. The conductor part that contributes to the generated torque of the armature winding (40-1- in the case of armature winding 40-1)
The opening angle of portions a and 40-1-b is 60 degrees, which is equal to the magnetic pole width, and the armature 37 shown in FIG.
corresponds to Each armature winding is connected in series, armature windings 40-1 and 40-2, 40-2 and 40-
3, 40-3 and 40-4, 40-4 and 40-1 are connected via a commonly used energization control circuit 41 to a DC power supply positive pole 44-1 and a DC power supply negative pole 44-2.
It is connected to the. Symbol 42-1, 42-2, 4
Reference numerals 2-3 and 42-4 are position detecting elements, for example, Hall elements, induction coils, etc. are used. The opening angle of each is 90 degrees (3/2 of the magnetic pole width). Position detection elements 42-1, 42-2, 42-3, 42
-4 is housed in the support body 36 shown in FIG. 9, and faces the position detection band 35. When the position sensing element is a Hall element, the magnetic rotor 39
The leakage magnetic flux to the outside of the magnetic poles 39-1, 39-2, . . . , 39-6 can be utilized. symbol 4
3, the hatched areas 43-2, 43-4, 43-6 are N poles, and the dotted areas 43-1, 43-3, 43-5 are S poles.
This is a position detection band having a pole, and corresponds to the position detection band 35 shown in FIG. Hall elements 42-1, 42-2, 42-3, 42- when facing the S pole
4, the first one included in the energization control circuit 41
The transistors, etc. corresponding to each group are made conductive,
The armature winding corresponding to the DC power supply positive electrode 44-1 becomes conductive. Further, the outputs of the Hall windings 42-1, 42-2, 42-3, and 42-4 when facing the N poles conduct the corresponding transistors of the second group included in the energization control circuit 41, The armature winding corresponding to the DC power supply negative electrode 44-2 becomes conductive. The armature current is controlled by these conductions. That is, in the illustrated related position, the output of the Hall element 43-5 facing the S pole conducts the corresponding transistor of the first group, and the DC power supply positive electrode 44-1 and the armature winding 40-3 are connected to each other.
The connection between and 40-4 becomes electrically conductive. In addition, the second
The corresponding transistors in the group are made conductive, and the connection portion between the DC power supply negative electrode 44-2 and the armature windings 40-1 and 40-2 is made conductive. Therefore, the current is applied in the direction of the arrow, and torque is generated in each armature winding, and the magnet rotor 39 and position detection band 43 move in the direction of the arrow C, respectively.
Rotate in direction D. Thus, the switching of armature current during one rotation is m(2n+1)(2n+2)
= 12 times (excluding singular points), and a continuous torque is generated to rotate. Since this energization method is the same as that of a commonly used semiconductor motor, the magnet rotor 39 and the position detection band 43 form a semiconductor motor that rotates in the directions of arrows C and D. In the embodiment described above, the field magnetic poles are six magnetic poles and the number of armature windings is four, but other embodiments can be similarly applied to semiconductor motors.

上述した全ての実施例は、円板状の電機子に本
発明を適用したものであるが円筒状電機子にも適
用でき、更に有鉄心電動機にも同様に適用できる
ことは明らかである。また本発明は冒頭において
述べた通り、2m（2n＋１）個の磁極を備えた界
磁磁極に対して、ｍ（2n＋２）個の電機子巻
線、及び１回転中における電機子電流の切り換わ
りをｍ（2n＋１）（2n＋２）回の割合で行なう整
流装置を備えた場合には全て本発明の目的が達成
できるものである。故に上述した実施例の他に、
18極の場合には10個の電機子巻線、22極の場合に
は12個の電機子巻線等々、いずれの場合において
も適用できる。更に上述した実施例はすべてｍ＝
１の場合であるが、界磁磁極の磁極数、電機子巻
線の数等をそれぞれ整数ｍ倍としても同様に適用
でき、全て電機子巻線は等しいピツチで配設され
るため理論的に電機子のバランスがとれて回転子
とした場合極めて有効となり、しかも電機子の厚
みは電機子巻線が重畳せずに配設されるため薄く
形成でき、構成が簡素化され、従つて量産に適し
て廉価に供給でき、高トルク、高効率で整流特性
も良好な直流電動機を得ることができる特徴を有
している。 In all of the embodiments described above, the present invention is applied to a disc-shaped armature, but it is obvious that it can also be applied to a cylindrical armature, and furthermore, it can be similarly applied to an iron core electric motor. Furthermore, as stated at the beginning, the present invention has m(2n+2) armature windings and switching of the armature current during one rotation for a field magnetic pole having 2m(2n+1) magnetic poles. The objects of the present invention can be achieved in all cases where a rectifying device is provided that performs rectification at a rate of m(2n+1)(2n+2) times. Therefore, in addition to the embodiments described above,
In the case of 18 poles, 10 armature windings, in the case of 22 poles, 12 armature windings, etc., can be applied in either case. Furthermore, in all the embodiments described above, m=
In case 1, it can be similarly applied by multiplying the number of field magnetic poles, the number of armature windings, etc. by an integer m, and since all the armature windings are arranged at the same pitch, theoretically It is extremely effective when the armature is balanced and used as a rotor.Moreover, the thickness of the armature can be made thin because the armature windings are arranged without overlapping, and the configuration is simplified, which makes it suitable for mass production. It has the characteristics that it can be supplied at a low cost and that a DC motor with high torque, high efficiency, and good rectification characteristics can be obtained.

以上の説明より判るように、本発明によれば冒
頭において述べた目的が達成されて効果著しきも
のである。 As can be seen from the above description, according to the present invention, the objects stated at the beginning are achieved and the effects are significant.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は従来より公知の界磁磁極及び電機子の
展開式巻線図、第２図は整流子電動機の構成の説
明図、第３，第５，第７図は整流子電動機に本発
明を適したそれぞれ異なる界磁磁極及び電機子の
実施例の展開式巻線図、第４図ａ，ｂは第３図示
のそれぞれ界磁磁極と電機子の実施例の展開図、
第６図ａ，ｂは第５図示のそれぞれ界磁磁極と電
機子の実施例の展開図、第８図ａ，ｂは第７図示
のそれぞれ界磁磁極と電機子の実施例の展開図、
第９図は半導体電動機の構成の説明図、第１０図
は半導体電動機に本発明を適用した界磁磁極及び
電機子の実施例の展開式巻線図をそれぞれ示す。１……磁極１−１，１−２，……，１−６を有
する界磁磁極、２……電機子巻線２−１，２−
２，……，２−１２を有する電機子、３……整流
子片３−１，３−２，……，３−１２を有する整
流子、４−１，４−２，……，４−６，１４，２
０−１，２０−２，……，２０−６……刷子、５
−１，２１−１，４４−１……直流電源正極、５
−２，２１−２，４４−２……直流電源負極、
６，２８……回転軸、７，８，３０，３１……筐
体、９，１０，３２……軸承、１１……界磁磁
極、１２，３７……電機子、１３……整流子、１
５……刷子保持具、１６，３８……ビス、１７…
…磁極１７−１，１７−２，……，１７−６を有
する界磁磁極、１８……電機子巻線１８−１，１
８−２，１８−３，１８−４を有する電機子、１
８−１−ａ，１８−１−ｂ……電機子巻線１８−
１の発生トルクに寄与する導体部、１９……整流
子片１９−１，１９−２，……，１９−１２を有
する整流子、２２……磁極２２−１，２２−２，
……，２２−１０を有する界磁磁極、２３……電
機子巻線２３−１，２３−２，……，２３−６を
有する電機子、２３−１−ａ，２３−１−ｂ……
電機子巻線２３−１の発生トルクに寄与する導体
部、２４……整流子片２４−１，２４−２，…
…，２４−３０を有する整流子、２５……磁極２
５−１，２５−２，……，２５−１４を有する界
磁磁極、２６……電機子巻線２６−１，２６−
２，……，２６−８を有する電機子、２６−１−
ａ，２６−１−ｂ……電機子巻線２６−１の発生
トルクに寄与する導体部、２７……整流子片２７
−１，２７−２，……，２７−５６を有する整流
子、２９……ターンテーブル、３３……マグネツ
ト回転子、３３ａ……マグネツトホルダー、３４
……軟鋼製円板、３５……被位置検知帯、３６…
…支持体、３９……磁極３９−１，３９−２，…
…，３９−６を有するマグネツト回転子、４０…
…電機子巻線４０−１，４０−２，４０−３，４
０−４を有する電機子、４０−１−ａ，４０−１
−ｂ……電機子巻線４０−１の発生トルクに寄与
する導体部、４１……通電制御回路、４２−１，
４２−２，４２−３，４２−４……位置検知素
子、４３……４３−１，４３−２，……，４３−
６部を有する被位置検知帯。 Fig. 1 is an exploded winding diagram of a conventionally known field pole and armature, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of a commutator motor, and Figs. FIGS. 4a and 4b are exploded winding diagrams of different field pole and armature embodiments, respectively, suitable for the field pole and armature embodiments shown in FIG.
6a and b are developed views of the embodiment of the field magnetic pole and armature shown in FIG. 5, respectively; FIGS.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of a semiconductor motor, and FIG. 10 is an exploded winding diagram of an embodiment of a field pole and an armature in which the present invention is applied to a semiconductor motor. 1... Field magnetic poles having magnetic poles 1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-6, 2... Armature windings 2-1, 2-
2, ..., 2-12 armature, 3... commutator having commutator pieces 3-1, 3-2, ..., 3-12, 4-1, 4-2, ..., 4 -6,14,2
0-1, 20-2, ..., 20-6 ... brush, 5
-1,21-1,44-1...DC power supply positive pole, 5
-2, 21-2, 44-2...DC power supply negative pole,
6, 28... Rotating shaft, 7, 8, 30, 31... Housing, 9, 10, 32... Bearing, 11... Field magnetic pole, 12, 37... Armature, 13... Commutator, 1
5... Brush holder, 16, 38... Screw, 17...
... Field magnetic poles having magnetic poles 17-1, 17-2, ..., 17-6, 18... Armature windings 18-1, 1
Armature with 8-2, 18-3, 18-4, 1
8-1-a, 18-1-b...armature winding 18-
A conductor portion contributing to the generated torque of 1, 19... Commutator having commutator pieces 19-1, 19-2, . . . , 19-12, 22... Magnetic poles 22-1, 22-2,
..., 22-10, 23... armature, 23-1-a, 23-1-b... having armature windings 23-1, 23-2, ..., 23-6. …
Conductor portions that contribute to the generated torque of the armature winding 23-1, 24... Commutator pieces 24-1, 24-2,...
..., 24-30 commutator, 25...magnetic pole 2
Field poles having 5-1, 25-2, ..., 25-14, 26... armature windings 26-1, 26-
2,..., 26-8 armature, 26-1-
a, 26-1-b...Conductor portion contributing to the generated torque of the armature winding 26-1, 27...Commutator piece 27
Commutator having -1, 27-2, ..., 27-56, 29... Turntable, 33... Magnetic rotor, 33a... Magnetic holder, 34
...Mild steel disc, 35...Position detection band, 36...
...Support, 39...Magnetic poles 39-1, 39-2,...
..., 39-6, 40...
... Armature winding 40-1, 40-2, 40-3, 4
Armature with 0-4, 40-1-a, 40-1
-b...Conductor portion contributing to the generated torque of armature winding 40-1, 41...Electrification control circuit, 42-1,
42-2, 42-3, 42-4... position detection element, 43... 43-1, 43-2,..., 43-
A position sensing band having six parts.

Claims

[Claims] 1 2m (2n
+1) (m and n are integers of 1 or more) magnetic poles, a magnetic body for closing the magnetic path of the field magnetic poles, and m (2n+2) armature windings, respectively. An armature that is magnetically arranged with a phase angle of 360/(2n+2) degrees and is provided facing the field magnetic pole in the magnetic path, and a link between the armature and the field magnetic pole. A rectifier that switches the armature current at a rate of m (2n + 1) (2n + 2) times (excluding singular points) during one relative rotation, rotatably supports the armature or field magnetic pole, and A rotary shaft supported by a bearing provided in the outer casing, and in the state of correspondence of the armature winding to the field magnetic pole, the state is closest to the state of each arbitrary armature winding with respect to the magnetic pole. A non-overlapping armature characterized in that a terminal of an armature winding and a terminal of any of the armature windings described above are connected together with a rectifier so that the winding directions of each armature winding are in the same direction. DC motor with windings. 2. In the claim set forth in item 1, m(2n+1)(2n+2) commutator pieces forming a rectifier are connected to terminals of armature windings corresponding to predetermined commutator pieces, respectively. 360/m (2n
m separated by an opening angle of +1) degrees (2/1 of the magnetic pole width)
It is equipped with a shorting member that electrically shorts each of the (2n+1) commutator pieces, and supplies power to the armature winding from the positive and negative poles of the DC power supply via the brushes that slide on the commutator pieces, and rectifies the brushes. The opening angle on the child piece is 360/2m
A DC motor with non-overlapping armature windings characterized by an opening angle (magnetic pole width) of (2n+1) degrees, or an opening angle between the commutator pieces and the commutator pieces connected in common. . 3. In the claim set forth in item 1, m(2n+1)(2n+2) commutator pieces forming a rectifier and an opening angle of 360/m(2n+1) degrees (of the magnetic pole width) are provided.
m(2n+1) of the first group sliding on the commutator piece with 2/1) and connected in common with the positive pole of the DC power supply.
brushes and m(2n+1) brushes of the first group each slide on the commutator piece at an opening angle (magnetic pole width) of 360/2m(2n+1) degrees, and are commonly connected to the negative pole of the DC power supply. A second group of m(2n+1) brushes is connected to the terminals of the armature winding corresponding to the predetermined commutator pieces, and the brushes of the first and second groups described above are connected to the armature winding. DC motor with non-overlapping armature windings, characterized in that it is powered through the brushes of the 4. In the scope of the claim set forth in item 1, the invention is comprised of a position detection element that detects the rotational position of the rotor, and an energization control circuit that controls the armature current through the detection output obtained from the position detection element. A DC motor with non-overlapping armature windings characterized by: