JPS6152697B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to forceps for removing foreign objects from the human or animal body or body part. Forceps are used specifically to remove foreign objects from human eyes, but also from other human or animal body parts.

It is often necessary for a physician or surgeon to remove a foreign object, such as a piece of glass, from a part of the human or animal body. A problem that often arises is removing glass fragments or other foreign objects from the human eye. Such removal often utilizes tools that can grasp the foreign object in extreme proximity to the surface of the retina.

Furthermore, it is important that the removal tool be able to grasp foreign objects of various sizes and shapes. However, all foreign body forceps developed to date have been limited to a certain shape of the foreign body. Therefore, various forceps were required. It is important that the grasping mechanism can be easily manipulated without and with minimal manual movements of the surgeon's or physician's hands, since clumsy hand movements can result in undesirable movements in the position of the grasping mechanism. It is. When operating in delicate areas such as the area surrounding the blind membrane,
Naturally, such undesirable movements should be avoided. An example of a conventional clumsy motion device for operating a gripping device is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,989,049 to Yun. This patent describes a resilient ring applicator having a forceps whose claws retract against a tube to close the forceps. The position of the tube relative to the forceps is controlled by a pair of rings, while a ratchet device is used to lock the grasping surfaces. These claw-like rings are operated by the user's third and fourth fingers, while the remaining fingers stabilize the device. However, it is difficult to move the third and fourth fingers of the hand separately without moving the other fingers, and thus the locking motion of the above-mentioned patent involves undesirable movement of the forceps themselves. Furthermore, these fingers are relatively weak and the force required to grasp an object with these finger movements makes it highly likely that the hand will move at unexpected times.

Another important requirement of the forceps-shaped grasping mechanism is to grasp the foreign object with a strong holding force and to grasp the foreign object reliably. When working in delicate areas such as the retinal surface, it is dangerous if the foreign object falls onto the retinal surface before the grasping mechanism removes it from the retinal surface. However, there are no conventional forceps that can securely grasp foreign objects. For example, in the aforementioned US patent, the ends of the grasping fingers are curved towards each other to increase the grasping force at the pawl. However, even when stainless steel grasping claws are used, the foreign object is often quite hard, so the claws cannot reliably grasp the object, and the object may slip between the claws of the grasping fingers.

It is an object of the present invention to provide forceps for removing foreign objects from parts of the human or animal body.

A further object of the present invention is to provide forceps capable of removing foreign objects from human eyes.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a forceps whose grasping surfaces are capable of grasping and releasing foreign objects with minimal movement of the user's hands.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a forceps whose grasping surface can reliably grasp and penetrate the surface of a hard foreign object.

A final object of the invention is to provide a forceps whose gripping surface is coated with diamond powder.

According to the invention, the forceps have a plurality of two or three grasping fingers with claws that move toward or away from each other in order to grasp foreign objects. The fingers are preferably made of a strong, resilient material, such as stainless steel, but may also be made of other materials that are similarly resilient and have non-corrosive properties. The stainless steel tube can slide against the fingers.
When the ends of the tubes approach the claws or gripping surfaces of the fingers, the fingers are pressed together by the tube and the gripping claws resiliently hold the foreign object located between them.

According to the invention, the claws of the grasping fingers have diamond powder. The hard diamond powder cuts into the surface of the foreign object like a glass cutter, thereby firmly gripping the object. The diamond powder on the gripping surface therefore prevents the foreign object from slipping off the gripping surface before being removed from close to the body part, such as the retina.

Since the movement of the forceps must be precise and not excessive or clumsy when removing a foreign object from a body part, the present invention provides a method for engaging the gripping surfaces that is finger-operated and requires minimal movement of the gripping surfaces. A lock mechanism is used. According to the invention, the gripping fingers themselves remain stationary relative to the forceps, and the tube moves relative to the gripping fingers in order to press the gripping claws together. The tube is supported by a slide located within the forceps body and moves toward a position that closes the grasping claws. The finger actuating portion of the forceps body is moved by the user's fingers against the elasticity of the spring to release the grip of the finger claws. If the actuating part of the finger is released, the biasing element, such as a compression spring, will return the tube and close the grasping pawl.

In using the device of the invention, the user withdraws the tube from the grasping pawl by use of the actuating member, thereby opening the grasping pawl by the resiliency of the fingers themselves. The grasping pawl is then placed near the foreign object and gradually moves the actuating member.
The movement of the actuator causes the grasping pawl of the finger to remain stationary while the surrounding tube advances and the pawl grasps the foreign object. It is not necessary for the user to use force that might cause sudden movement of the claws to securely grasp the foreign object by the grasping claws, but rather that the user is already using the forces already provided to retract the tube. It simply releases power. The gripping force is provided by a compression spring biasing the gripping pawl into the closed position. By choosing a deflection spring of the desired spring force, sufficient force is imparted to the gripping force of the fingers so that the diamond powder can penetrate the surface of the foreign object to be gripped. Furthermore, because only one finger moves during the grasping operation, and such movements are easily made without movement of the rest of the hand, the forceps of the present invention are less susceptible to unexpected or unwanted hand movements. Easily operated without danger.

As shown in FIG. 1, the main parts of the forceps of the present invention include a tubular handle or main body 10, a tube 20, and a tube 20.
A rod 30 having a pair of fingers extending from the inside and having clamping claws at the ends thereof, and a rod 30 provided on the main body 10 and connected to the tube 2.
0. Although the actuating part 40 can be operated with a finger, it is typically operated with the user's thumb, and hence will be referred to as a thumb actuating part.

Referring to FIG. 2, which is a cross-sectional view along the line -- of FIG. 1, the body 10 is preferably a cylindrical tube and is made of a material such as stainless steel that is sterilizable and does not corrode easily. Preferably, the body has a knurled outer surface and is between 5 and 6 inches long and 0.375 inches in diameter. A tapered stainless steel plug 11 is inserted into the front end 12 of the body and secured thereto with suitable fastening elements such as screws 13. Plug 1
1 has a hole coaxial with the cylindrical body, and a tube 2 inside.
0 slides as shown below.

A longitudinal groove 14 is provided at a point adjacent to the front end of the body, extending parallel to the axis of the body and close to the interior of the hollow cylindrical body, the purpose of which is as follows. state

Rod 30 is also made of stainless steel or other strong, resilient material that can be easily disinfected.
Its diameter is preferably about 0.035 inches and terminates at its distal end within a pair of fingers 31. The natural tendency of the fingers is to move apart from each other due to the elasticity of the material, so that the claws of the fingers will move apart from each other when not acted upon by the tube 20.

An important feature of the invention is the coating of the nail 32 with very fine diamond powder (325 mesh; average diameter 45 microns). It is well known to cover or bond diamond powder to a metal base, and the bonding material may be a metal bonding material, a glassy bonding material, or a synthetic resin bonding material (for example, as described by A. Davidson, Precision Technology Handbook Volume 3 224 published by Matsuku Gro-Hill in 1966
(See pages 254 to 254) is also acceptable. The rod 30 extends into the main body 10 through the tube 20, and therein the other end 33 of the rod is fixed by welding or the like to a block 34, which is fixed to the main body by, for example, screws 35.

The tube 2 is also made of stainless steel.
0 has a length of approximately 2 inches and an outer diameter of approximately 0.048
inch, and its inner diameter is slightly larger than the rod 30, so that the rod 30 can slide inside the tube without damage. The distal end 21 of the tube is located close to the finger 31 while the body of the tube 20 slides past the plug 11 of the body 10. The other end of the tube 20 is fixed to a sliding part 22 by welding or the like, and the sliding part slides within the main body 10, and its forward movement is restricted by contacting the plug 11. The sliding part 22 is connected to the rear end of the sliding part and the handle or main body 1.
A compression spring 23 between the plug 11 and the rear end of the plug 11 presses the plug 11 forward. When the slide is pushed into the forward position by the compression spring 23, the distal end 21 of the tube is located immediately behind the finger 31. At this point, the edges of the distal end of tube 20 overcome the elastic separation forces of the fingers and press pawls 32 together with considerable force. The final degree of gripping force applied to pawl 32 depends on the resiliency of spring 23.
Conversely, when the sliding portion 22 and the tube 20 move backward against the elasticity of the spring 23, the elasticity of the finger portions 31 causes the fingers to separate, thereby causing the claws 32 to separate, and therefore the claws to grasp. surrounding the foreign object.

Stainless steel thumb actuator 40 has a serrated grip surface 41 extending longitudinally over slot 14 and body 10. The thumb actuator is fixed to the slide 22 so that the slide and tube 20 are moved by longitudinal sliding of the thumb actuator. The thumb slide is located on the front of the body for convenient engagement with the user's thumb.

A preferred element for securing the thumb actuator to the slide 22 projects through a hole in the thumb actuator and
A pair of screws threaded into the hole, the hole having a shoulder that contacts the head of the screw. Each screw has a stainless steel spacer 43 having a diameter slightly smaller than the width of the groove to prevent circumferential movement of the thumb actuator. Further, the spacer has a length such that the sliding portion 22 and the thumb actuating portion 40 are held far enough apart so that they can easily slide without damaging the body 10.

The function of the forceps of the present invention will be described below. The forceps are first held by the user such that the thumb actuating portion is easily grasped and manipulated by the user's thumb. The thumb actuator then slides rearwardly, thereby causing the slide 22 to move rearwardly against the resilience of the spring 23. As a result, the distal end 21 of the tube 20 is separated from the fingers 31, which by virtue of their elasticity are forced apart from each other and the grasping pawls 32. The grasping claw is then placed near the foreign body within the retina or other body part.
After the grasping claw 32 is properly placed, the user gently releases the rearward pressure on the thumb actuator 41, and
The compression spring 23 thus moves the end 21 of the tube 20 in the direction of the gripping pawl 32, thereby exerting a strong closing force on the gripping tongue. When the grasping pawl closes around the foreign object, the tube 21 continues to advance until a balance is reached between the spring force and the reaction force of the foreign object on the grasping pawl. Due to the very hard diamond powder located or glued onto the gripping tongue, the powder essentially embeds itself into the surface of the foreign object, thereby ensuring grip and also preventing accidental falling of the foreign object. There is no excessive fall.

Importantly, the operation of the thumb actuator is very convenient for the user, since movements of the thumb are easily made without movement of the remaining fingers. A constrictive movement of the thumb, which causes a further sudden movement, results in retraction of the working part of the thumb, before the forceps are moved into the area of the retina. Therefore, during the delicate phase of grasping a foreign object, the only movement required is to release the pressure already present on the thumb actuator. Such pressure release is done more smoothly than the pressure could have been applied during the grasping phase and without the possibility of inadvertent hand movements.

Nails coated with diamond powder have many benefits. In other words, compared to those with roughened nail surfaces, firstly,
Because diamond chips can be made very small, the clamping surfaces used to remove foreign objects from the eye can be made very small. Second
Second, diamond powder is very hard, so when it receives the pressure of a nail, it pierces a foreign object without being elastically distorted. Therefore, the foreign object to be removed from the eye can be reliably grasped. Such points cannot be considered if the nail surface is simply roughened.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the forceps of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a plan view of the forceps of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the - line in the figure. 10...Main body, 20...Pipe, 22...Sliding part,
23... Compression spring, 31... Finger section, 32... Claw,
34...Block.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A hollow cylindrical body that has an axially open end and can be held by hand, a straight tube with one end inserted into the open end of the body, and an axially extending body with respect to the tube. At least two elastic and deflectable claws are provided at the distal end of the tube, and when the claws come out from the end of the tube, the elastic force of the claws deforms the distal end. a clamping surface consisting of diamond powder located at the distal end of each pawl and adhered to each pawl; means for securing the rod to the body; and a cylindrical body near the open end of the body; an actuating part located on the outer surface, movable in the axial direction by operation of the thumb and fixed to a sliding part having a portion connected with a stop at said one end of the tube; forceps, the forceps having means for biasing the tube toward the claw, and means for moving the tube relative to the body.