JPS6155583B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention is a wear-resistant high permeability alloy consisting of Fe, Nb, and Ni, with Fe, Nb, and Ni as the main components, and as subcomponents of Cr, Mo, W, V, Ta, Mn, Ge,
This relates to a method for manufacturing a wear-resistant high permeability alloy containing one or more of Co, Cu, Ti, Zr, Al, Si, Sn, Sb, and rare earth elements. The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a magnetic alloy that is easy to process, has high magnetic permeability, has a recrystallized texture of (110)<112>, has good wear resistance, and is inexpensive. Currently, permalloy (Ni-Fe alloy), which has high magnetic permeability and is easily molded, is commonly used as a magnetic material for magnetic recording/reproducing heads, but the magnetic head is subject to severe wear due to the running of the magnetic tape. Improving this is considered an important issue. The present inventors have discovered that Ni-
Since Fe--Nb alloys have high hardness and are therefore highly wear-resistant and have high permeability, we have discovered that they are suitable as magnetic alloys for magnetic recording/reproducing heads, and have previously filed a patent application for this alloy. Special Public Service 1977-
No. 29690, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 47-25697). However, high hardness generally impairs the mass productivity of forging. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the hardness of such alloys to some extent to facilitate forging. Also,
Since Nb is an expensive element, it is economically desirable to reduce the amount of Nb to effectively improve magnetic properties and wear resistance. For this reason, the present inventors further determined that Ni-
As a result of research on Fe--Nb alloy as a magnetic alloy with wear resistance, it was found that after processing at a processing rate of 50% or more, heating at a temperature of 900℃ or more,
We have discovered that by forming a recrystallized texture of (110)<112>, a high magnetic permeability alloy with excellent wear resistance can be obtained despite its low hardness. In other words, the present invention has a weight ratio of Fe11.9 to 29.0%,
Consisting of less than 1.0 to 3.1% Nb and the balance Ni, or with this as the main component and minor components such as Cr, Mo,
W, V, Ta, Mn, Ge, Co and Cu respectively
Processing rate for alloys with a composition of 7.0% or less and 3.0% or less of each of Ti, Zr, Al, Si, Sn, Sb, and rare earth elements, and a total of 0.01 to 10.0% of one or more types.
After cold working by 50% or more, by heating in a non-oxidizing atmosphere or in vacuum at a temperature of 900℃ or higher and below the melting point, the initial magnetic permeability is 3000 or more, the maximum magnetic permeability is 5000 or more, and (110) Ni characterized by forming a recrystallized texture of <112>
-Provides a method for producing a Fe-Nb based wear-resistant high permeability alloy. Here, "rare earth elements" refer to Y, Sc, and lanthanoids (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm,
Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu). To make the alloy of the present invention, Fe11.9-29.0%,
After melting an appropriate amount of Nb 1.0 to less than 3.1% and the balance Ni in air, preferably in a non-oxidizing atmosphere or in vacuum using a suitable melting furnace, manganese, silicon, aluminum, titanium, boron, calcium, Add a small amount of deoxidizing and desulfurizing agents such as alloys, magnesium alloys, etc. to remove impurities as much as possible. Alternatively, Cr, Mo, W, V, Ta,
7.0% or less of Mn, Ge, Co, Cu, Ti, Zr, Al,
One or more of Sn, Sb, and rare earth elements (3.0% or less) are further added in a total amount of 0.01 to 10.0% or less. The mixture thus obtained is thoroughly agitated to produce a compositionally uniform molten alloy. Next, this is poured into a mold of an appropriate shape and size to obtain a sound ingot, which is then forged or hot-worked at a high temperature to form an appropriate shape, such as a bar or plate, to form the required shape. then 500
Anneal at temperatures above ℃. Next, this is subjected to cold working at a processing rate of 50% or more by a method such as cold rolling to produce a thin plate of the desired shape, for example, a thin plate with a thickness of 0.1 mm. Next, an annular plate with an outer diameter of 45 mm and an inner diameter of 33 mm, for example, is punched out from the thin plate and heated at 900°C in hydrogen or other suitable non-oxidizing atmosphere or in vacuum.
The mixture is heated at a temperature below the melting point for an appropriate period of time, and then cooled at an appropriate rate depending on the composition, or further heated at a temperature of about 600° C. or below for an appropriate period of time, and then cooled. In this way, it has an initial magnetic permeability of 3000 or more, a maximum magnetic permeability of 5000 or more, and (110) <
A wear-resistant high permeability alloy with a recrystallized texture of >112 is obtained. The above heat treatment performed in hydrogen is extremely effective in increasing the initial magnetic permeability, maximum magnetic permeability, and effective magnetic permeability in an alternating magnetic field. The invention will now be explained with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 shows the relationship between the recrystallized texture and properties of a Ni-Fe-Nb alloy containing approximately 79% Ni when heated at 1000℃ after cold rolling at a working rate of 90% and the amount of Nb. It is something that When a Ni-Fe alloy containing 0% Nb is cold rolled, (110)<112>+(112)<
A processing texture of (111) is produced, but it is known that when this is heated, a recrystallized texture of (100) <001> develops. However, when Nb is added to this, the stacking fault energy decreases, and (110) < 112
＞A recrystallized texture develops, and the amount of wear decreases significantly. Also, Figure 2 shows 79.0%Ni-
This shows the relationship between the recrystallized texture and various properties and cold working rate when heated at 1000℃ for 19.0%Fe-2.0%Nb alloy, and the increase in cold working rate is (110) < 112 > resulting in the development of a recrystallized texture, significantly improving wear resistance. Figure 3 shows the relationship between the heating temperature, recrystallization texture and core properties after rolling a 79.0%Ni-19.0%Fe-2.0%Nb alloy at a cold working rate of 90%.
As the heating temperature increases, the (112) <111> component decreases, and at temperatures above 900°C, almost (110) <112> develops, indicating that wear resistance significantly improves when heated above 900°C. There is. Considering the relationship between the development of such a (110)<112> recrystallized texture and improvement in wear resistance, we find that Ni-Fe-Nb
Since the single crystal of the system alloy exhibits large uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in the <110> orientation, it is inferred that Nb atoms are selectively aligned in the (110) specific plane, and therefore the (110) <112> It is thought that wear resistance can be effectively improved even with a small amount of Nb content by forming a recrystallized texture. In the present invention, cold working is (110)<112>+
It is necessary to form a (112) <111> texture and develop a (110) <112> recrystallization texture based on this, and as seen in Figures 1 and 2, Nb1. At 0% or more, especially when cold working is performed at a working rate of 50% or more, the development of recrystallized texture of (110) <112> is remarkable, the wear resistance is significantly improved, and the magnetic permeability is It's also expensive. In addition, the heating performed after the above-mentioned cold working not only homogenizes the structure and removes processing distortion, but also develops a (110)<112> reassembled structure to obtain high magnetic permeability and excellent wear resistance. However, as shown in Figure 3,
Heating above 900°C significantly improves magnetic permeability and wear resistance. In addition, repeating the above-mentioned cold working at a working rate of 50% or more and the subsequent heating above 900°C and below the melting point increases the degree of accumulation of the recrystallized texture of (110) <112> and improves wear resistance. It is effective for improving. Next, the invention will be explained with reference to examples. Example 1 Alloy number 12 (composition Ni=79.0%, Fe=19.0%,
Production of alloy of Nb=2.0% 99.8% pure electrolytic nickel, 99.9% as raw material
Purity electrolytic iron and 99.8% purity niobium were used. To prepare the sample, raw materials with a total weight of 800 g were placed in an alumina crucible, melted in a high-frequency induction electric furnace in a vacuum, and then thoroughly stirred to form a homogeneous molten alloy. Next, this was poured into a mold with a hole of 25 mm in diameter and 170 mm in height, and the resulting ingot was forged at about 1000°C to form a plate with a thickness of about 7 mm. Furthermore, about 900℃ ~
The material was hot-rolled at 1000°C to an appropriate thickness, then cold-rolled at room temperature at various processing rates to obtain a 0.1 mm thin plate, which was then punched into an annular plate with an outer diameter of 45 mm and an inner diameter of 33 mm. This is then subjected to various heat treatments to improve its magnetic properties and γ when used as the core of a magnetic head.
-We measured the amount of wear after running for 200 hours using Fe ₂ O ₃ magnetic tape, and obtained the characteristics shown in Table 1.

【table】

[Table] Example 2 Alloy number 34 (composition Ni = 79.5%, Fe = 13.1%,
Production of alloy with Nb = 2.1%, W = 5.3% The raw materials used were nickel and iron with the same purity as in Example 1, and niobium and tungsten with 99.8% purity. The method of manufacturing the sample was the same as in Example 1. The samples were subjected to various heat treatments, and the magnetic properties and wear amount after 200 hours of running on γ-Fe ₂ O ₃ magnetic tape when used as the core of a magnetic head were measured, and the characteristics shown in Table 2 were measured. Obtained. The characteristics of typical alloys are shown in Table 3.

【table】

[Table] As can be seen from the above examples, Table 3, and drawings, Ni-Fe-Nb or Cr, Mo, W,
V, Ta, Mn, Ge, Co, Cu, Ti, Zr, Al, Si,
By cold rolling an alloy containing one or more of Sn, Sb, and rare earth elements at a processing rate of 50% or more and then heating it at a temperature of 900°C or higher and below the melting point (110) <112> form a recrystallized texture, and then cool this further at a cooling rate appropriate to the composition, or
Alternatively, by reheating at a temperature of 600°C or lower, it becomes a wear-resistant high permeability alloy with an initial magnetic permeability of 3000 or more and a maximum magnetic permeability of 5000 or more. The alloys listed in each example, Table 3, and drawings include relatively pure metals Nb, Cr, Mo, W,
Mn, V, Ti, Al, Si, rare earth elements, etc. were used, but even if economically advantageous commercially available ferro alloys and Mitsushi metals were used instead, deoxidation and desulfurization could not be achieved sufficiently during melting. If this is done, almost the same magnetic properties, wear resistance, and workability can be obtained as when these metals are used alone. Next, in the present invention, the composition of the alloy is Fe11.9~29.0
%, Nb1.0 to less than 3.1% and the balance Ni, and the elements added as subcomponents are Cr, Mo, W,
V, Ta, Mn, Ge, Co 7.0% or less, Ti, Zr,
The reason for limiting the content of Al, Si, Sn, Sb, and rare earth elements to 3.0% or less is as clear from each example, Table 3, and the drawings.
The maximum magnetic permeability is 5000 or more, it has a recrystallized texture of (110)<112>, and has excellent wear resistance, but if it falls outside this composition range, the magnetic properties or wear resistance will deteriorate. . In other words, if Nb is less than 1.0%, the recrystallized texture of (110) <112> will not develop sufficiently, resulting in poor wear resistance, while if it is more than 3.1% Nb, the hardness will increase, making mass productivity of forging poor, and
This is because it is expensive because it contains a large amount of Nb.
Alloys with a composition range of 11.9 to 29.0% Fe, 1.0 to less than 3.1% Nb, and the balance Ni have an initial permeability of 3000 or more,
It has a maximum permeability of 5000 or more, has excellent wear resistance, and has good workability, but it is generally further improved.
Adding Cr, Mo, W, V, Ta, Mn, Ge, Cu, Ti, Si, etc. has the effect of increasing magnetic permeability.
Adding W, V, Ta, Co, Ti, Zr, Al, Si, Sn, Sb, rare earth elements, etc. has the effect of improving wear resistance, and adding Mn, Ge, and Co improves forging and processing. It has the effect of If cutting of the alloy is required depending on the application, small amounts of Pb, P, Te, S, Ca, and Se may be added to the extent that the magnetic properties and wear resistance of the alloy are not impaired. No problem.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows the initial magnetic permeability when a Ni-Fe-Nb alloy containing approximately 79% Ni is cold-rolled at a processing rate of 90%, heated at 1000℃ for 2 hours, and then cooled at a rate of 5℃/sec. ,
Characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the maximum magnetic permeability, the degree of accumulation of recrystallized texture, the amount of wear of the magnetic head, and the amount of Nb,
Figure 2 shows the properties and properties of a 79.0%Ni-19.0%Fe-2.0%Nb alloy that was cold-rolled at various processing rates, heated at 1000℃ for 2 hours, and then cooled at a rate of 5℃/sec. Figure 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship with machining rate.
Machining rate of 79.0%Ni-19.0%Fe-2.0%Nb alloy is 90%
After cold rolling and heating at various temperatures for 2 hours, 5
FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between various characteristics and heating temperature when cooling at a rate of °C/sec.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A processing rate of 50% is applied to an alloy having a weight ratio of 11.9 to 29.0% Fe, 1.0 to less than 3.1% Nb, and the balance Ni.
% or more, and then heated in a non-oxidizing atmosphere or in vacuum at a temperature of 900°C or higher and lower than the melting point, so that the initial magnetic permeability is 3000 or more, the maximum permeability is 5000 or more, and (110) < Ni― characterized by forming a recrystallized texture of 112>
Method for manufacturing Fe-Nb based wear-resistant high permeability alloy. 2 The main components are Fe11.9~29.0%, Nb1.0~less than 3.1%, and the balance Ni in terms of weight ratio, with the secondary components being
One or more of Cr, Mo, W, V, Ta, Mn, Ge, Co, and Cu at 7.0% or less, and Ti, Zr, Al, Si, Sn, Sb, and rare earth elements at 3.0% or less each. An alloy with a total composition of 0.01 to 10.0% is subjected to cold working at a processing rate of 50% or more, and then heated in a non-oxidizing atmosphere or in vacuum at a temperature of 900°C or higher and below the melting point to achieve an initial magnetic permeability of 3000. that's all,
It is characterized by having a maximum magnetic permeability of 5000 or more and forming a recrystallized texture of (110) <112>.
Manufacturing method of Ni-Fe-Nb based wear-resistant high permeability alloy. 3 Cr, Mn, W, V, Mn, Ge as subcomponents
Co and Cu each 7.0% or less, Ta, Zr,
Less than 1.0% each of Sn, Sb, and rare earth elements, Ti,
Processing rate: 50% for alloys with a total of 0.01 to 10.0% of one or more types of Al and Si, each less than 0.5%
After performing the above cold working, it is heated in a non-oxidizing atmosphere or in vacuum at a temperature of 900°C or higher and lower than the melting point, so that the initial magnetic permeability is 3000 or more, the maximum magnetic permeability is 5000 or more, and (110) < 112 The method according to claim 2, wherein a recrystallized texture of > is formed. 4 Cr, Mo, W, V, Mn, Ge,
Co and Cu each 7.0% or less, Ta, Zr,
After performing cold working at a working rate of 50% or more on an alloy having a total of 0.01 to 10.0% of one or more of Sn, Sb, and rare earth elements, each less than 1.0%, the alloy is heated to 900°C.
By heating in a non-oxidizing atmosphere or in vacuum at a temperature below the melting point, the initial magnetic permeability can be increased to 3000.
or more, the maximum magnetic permeability is 5000 or more, and (110) < 112
The method according to claim 2, wherein a recrystallized texture of > is formed.