JPS6156765B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Technical Field> The present invention relates to a testing machine for measuring the rolling resistance of automobile tires on the rollers of a chassis dynamometer, and in particular, the present invention relates to a testing machine for measuring the rolling resistance of automobile tires on the rollers of a chassis dynamometer. The present invention relates to a testing machine that can not only measure, but also measure the rolling resistance of a tire itself when it is rotated by driving its support shaft, that is, when a load is applied to the tire.

<Prior art> When measuring the rolling resistance of a tire by placing the tire on the double rollers of a shear sea dynamometer and rotating it, Utility Model Application No. 50-128802
As shown in this issue, conventional testing machines only drive the tire from a roller that makes frictional contact with it, so it is difficult to measure rolling resistance under a so-called loaded condition where the tire itself is driven from the tire support shaft. I couldn't do it. On the other hand, Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-14485 shows a motor that drives a tire from its support shaft, but this motor simply rotates the tire slightly in order to measure the slip rate, and is not used to measure rolling resistance. I can't.

<Object of the Invention> The present invention provides a tire testing machine for measuring rolling resistance that improves the drawbacks of the prior art described above, and is also capable of measuring rolling resistance under load.

<Summary of the Invention> The configuration of the tire testing machine for measuring rolling resistance of the present invention which achieves the above object is that a dynamometer is connected to a roller, and a tire is placed on the roller and rolled to test the tire. In a testing machine that measures rolling resistance, a testing machine support shaft that supports the test tire is connected to a rotating shaft of a DC electric dynamometer,
The DC electric dynamometer is installed on a tire support frame provided at a predetermined height on the base, and the frame of the DC electric dynamometer is swingably supported on the tire support frame by hydraulic levitation. An arm extending laterally from the frame was connected to a load detector, while the support shaft of the roller on which the test tire was mounted and rolled was swingably supported by an electric double bearing operated by a motor. It is characterized in that an arm that is pivotally supported by a swinging frame and extends laterally from the swinging frame is connected to a load detector.

In the present invention having the above configuration, the dynamometer connected to the roller operates not only to drive the roller and roll the tire on the roller, but also to operate as a free wheel or an absorber. On the other hand, a DC electric dynamometer connected to a tire support shaft operates not only for driving the tire support shaft to rotate the tire, but also for free or absorption purposes. Therefore, when measuring the rolling resistance of a tire, a dynamometer connected to the roller and a DC electric dynamometer connected to the tire support shaft are used, depending on the desired measurement conditions, with only one used for driving and the other free. year,
Or, use only one side for driving and the other for absorption,
Alternatively, both can be operated for driving purposes.

To measure the rolling resistance of a tire, basically the output is measured on the drive side, but in order to separate and remove resistance other than the tire's rolling resistance, the output on the free or absorption side is measured on the bearing section. The loss including the loss is measured, and the bearing loss of the rotor is also measured. Based on these measured values, in the above case, the rolling resistance of the tire (no load state or braking state ) is measured. In the above case, [rolling resistance] = [one drive side output] +
The rolling resistance (load condition) of the tire is measured as [other drive side output] - [roller bearing loss].

The power and losses of the dynamometer connected to the rollers are detected by a detector that is originally included in the dynamometer.

A load detector detects the output and loss of the DC electric dynamometer connected to the tire support shaft as a reaction force of the swingably supported frame. However, if there is a resistance loss in the swinging support of the frame, this will result in a detection error, but by supporting the frame in a swingable manner by hydraulic levitation, the resistance loss becomes negligibly small.

The bearing loss of the roller is detected by a load detector as a reaction force of the frame by pivotally supporting the support shaft of the roller with a swingably supported frame. In this case, if there is a resistance loss in the swinging support of the frame, this will result in a detection error, but the electric double bearing supports the frame in a swingable manner with negligibly small resistance loss.

<Example> An example of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

Figures 1 and 2 show the general configuration of the entire embodiment, and Figures 3 and 4 show details of the support mechanism for the tire support shaft and the support mechanism for the roller support shaft, respectively. explain.

In Figures 1 and 2, 1 is a bed installed on the floor, each member is arranged on the bed 1, 2 is a frame support mechanism, 3 is a feed screw rising from the frame support mechanism 2, and 4 is a bed that is installed on the floor. a screw receiver screwed into the two feed screws 3, 3 arranged at a predetermined interval; 5 is a shaft supported by a pillow block 6 in the screw receiver 4; 7 is a shaft 5;
8 is a dummy weight attached to the tip of the tire support frame 7, 9 is a DC electric dynamometer provided in the center of the tire support frame 7, and 10 is attached to the bed 1. This is a DC electric dynamometer for the chassis dynamometer installed.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a tire to be tested supported by the tire support frame 7, and is fitted to a tire mounting wheel 12 attached to one end of the rotating shaft 9a of the DC electric dynamometer 9, which also serves as a tire support shaft. The DC electric dynamometer 9 is provided so that the rotating shaft (tire support shaft) 9a is oriented laterally with respect to the tire support frame 7. This DC electric dynamometer 9
As will be described later with reference to FIG. 3, the frame 9b is swingably supported, forming a so-called swinging frame, and the arm 9c extending laterally from the swinging frame 9b connects the connector 9d. It is coupled to a load detector (for example, a load cell) 9e via the load sensor.

13 is a support mechanism that supports the front end side of the tire support frame 7 whose base end is supported by the shaft 5, 14 is a load control cylinder installed on the bed 1, and 15 is fixed to the upper end of the cylinder rod 14a. The support frame 16 is a load detector (for example, a load cell) attached to the support frame 15 via a pin 17 in a suspended state, and the lower end of the load detector 16 is connected to the tire support frame 7 by a support shaft 18. has been done. Therefore, the tire support frame 7
The distal end side is suspended and supported by a load control cylinder 14 via a load detector 16.

19a and 19b are double rollers for supporting the tire, with 19a being the drive side and 19b being the free side. The support shaft 19a' of the drive roller 19a is directly connected to the DC electric dynamometer 10 on the side of the bed 1, and is driven or energy absorbed thereby. In this DC electric dynamometer 10, an arm 10b extending laterally from the swing frame 10a is connected to a load detector (for example, a load cell) via a connector 10c.
10d. Each of the rollers 19a,
19b is surrounded by swing frames 20a, 20b, and arms 21a, 21b protrude from the sides of each swing frame 20a, 20b.
a, 21b are coupled to a load detector (for example, a load cell) 24 via a shaft 22 and a connector 23. Therefore, the roller 1 comes into contact with the tire 11.
The load detector 24 can detect the loss of the roller bearing portion when the rollers 9a and 19b rotate. The frames 20a and 20b that pivotally support the roller support shafts 19a' and 19b' are supported so as to be swingable, forming a so-called swinging frame. For details of the swinging frames 20a and 20b, see Fig. 4. This will be described later with reference.

The general structure of the embodiment of the present invention is as described above, in which the tire 11 is brought into contact with the rollers 19a and 19b, and the DC electric dynamometer 10 on the rocking roller 19a side and the DC electric dynamometer 9 on the tire 11 side are connected. Rolling resistance is measured in a no-load state or a loaded state by operating one or both of them, and will be explained in detail below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 in addition to FIGS. 1 and 2.

Prior to the description, the frame support mechanism 2 on the base end side of the tire support frame 7 will be described. The details of this support mechanism 2 are not shown, but include a bearing device that rotatably supports the two feed screws 3, 3 upright, a feed screw drive device such as a geared motor, and a feed screw drive device such as a geared motor that synchronizes the two feed screws 3, 3. A transmission mechanism interposed between the feed screws 3, 3 and the drive machine for rotation, detects the height position when the screw receiver 4 moves up and down to a desired height position as the feed screws 3, 3 rotate forward and backward. It is equipped with an automatic stop mechanism including a limit switch for stopping the drive machine and a stopper for determining the vertical limit of the screw receiver 4. Therefore, when testing rolling resistance by supporting tires 11, 11a with different diameters on the tire support frame 7 and placing them on the rollers 19a, 19b, the drive machine rotates the feed screws 3, 3 in forward and reverse directions. The shaft 5 on the screw receiver 4 is raised and lowered, and the tire support frame 7 is moved up and down accordingly, and the tires 1 having different diameters are moved up and down.
1 and 11a can be brought into contact with rollers 19a and 19b to smoothly test.

Next, the DC electric dynamometer 9 installed on the tire support frame 7 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 together with the tire mounting wheel 12 attached thereto. In the figure, a rotating shaft 9a of a DC electric dynamometer 9, which is a tire support shaft, is supported at both ends by a swinging frame 9b through bearings 25 and 26, and this swinging frame 9b is attached to the tire support frame 7 by hydraulic levitation. Supported. More specifically, a tire mounting boss 12a is first attached to one end of the rotating shaft 9a, a tire mounting wheel 12 is attached to this, and a tire 11 is fitted onto the wheel 12. An air supply hole 27 is bored in the axial center of the rotating shaft 9a.
The tip of the tire 7 communicates with the inside of the tire 11 via the tire mounting boss 12a and an air supply hole 27a formed in the wheel 12. Also air supply hole 27
The base end of the rotary shaft 9a is opened at the other end of the rotary shaft 9a, and the other end is connected to an air hose 29 by a rotary joint 28. Therefore, tire 11
The air pressure of the tire 11 can be freely varied while testing by rotating the tire at high speed, and the rolling resistance of the tire can be measured under conditions where the air pressure is changed.

On the other hand, in the case of this embodiment, the swing frame 9b that supports the rotating shaft 9a in the DC electric dynamometer 9 is
It is supported by hydraulic levitation on a ring seat 30 supported and fixed on the side of the tire support frame 7. That is, ring seat 30
are located in recesses formed by the two flanges 9b' and 9b' at both ends of the swinging frame 9b, and the surfaces in contact with the peripheral surface of the swinging frame 9b and the flanges 9
Annular pressure oil pools 30 are formed on the surfaces in contact with b' and 9b', respectively.
a and 30b are formed, and pressure oil is supplied to each part. For this reason, the ring seat 30 has oil holes 30c, which connect to each pressure oil pool 30a, 30b,
30d are formed, and these oil holes 30c, 3
0d communicates with oil supply holes 32 and 32a, respectively, formed in a thick wall portion 7a provided on the tire support frame 7 to support the ring seat 30, and a pressure oil supply block 31 disposed outside of the thick wall portion 7a. are doing. An oil supply hose 33 is connected to the outer end of the oil supply hole 32a of the pressure oil supply block 31, and the pressure oil supplied through this is branched in the block 31 and then connected to the respective oil holes 30c and 30d. The oil is supplied to the pressure oil pools 30a, 30b through the. Therefore, when oil is pressurized into the pressure oil pools 30a and 30b, an oil film is formed on the contact surfaces 30e and 30f adjacent to them, and the swing frame 9b is moved to the tire support frame 7 with almost no loss due to resistance. It will be supported by hydraulic levitation. In addition, in Figure 3, 3
4 is a field core provided on the inner peripheral wall of the swing frame 9b; 34a is a field coil inserted into the field core 34; 35 is an armature fitted to the rotating shaft 9a;
36 is a commutator connected to the armature coil, 37 is a brush that slides on the commutator 36, 38 is a brush holder, and 39 is a bracket that supports the brush holder 38. Moreover, 40 is a pressure oil pool 30a, 30b
This is an oil drain pipe for oil leaking from the pipe.

As mentioned above, the swinging frame 9b of the DC electric dynamometer 9 is provided with an arm 9c for detecting torque, and this arm 9c is connected to a load detector 9e such as a load cell attached to the tire support frame 7. The load detector 9e normally detects the bearing loss of the rotating shaft 9a due to the bearings 25 and 26, and when the DC electric dynamometer 9 is operated for driving or absorption, the driving force (output) or It detects absorption capacity (loss). In this case, the swing frame 9b itself naturally has a resistance loss due to the member supporting it, that is, the ring seat 30, but this resistance loss can be almost ignored as a result of the hydraulic floating type bearing.

Next, the support mechanism 13 on the front end side of the tire support frame 7, the schematic structure of which has already been explained, will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. As mentioned above, the tire support frame 7 is suspended and supported by the load detector 16 via the support shaft 18, and by operating the load control cylinder 14 to move the rod 14a up and down, the double rollers 19a, 19b are moved. The load applied to the tire 11 can be varied within a predetermined range. For example, the weight of the tire support frame 7 is 1000Kg.
If the cylinder 14 lifts 400 kg, the test can be performed with the load applied to the tire 11 being 600 kg, and the variable range is 0 to 1000 kg.
becomes. Further, the dummy weight 8 attached to the tip of the tire support frame 7 may be increased arbitrarily if the weight is insufficient.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, double rollers 19a, 1 that support the tire 11 and rotate.
The bearing device 9b will be explained. This bearing device also needs to be constructed so that the bearing loss is as low as possible, and in order to measure only the pure rolling resistance of the tire, the bearing loss must be separately detected and subtracted. Therefore, as described above, the roller support shafts 19a' and 19b' are connected to the swing frame 20a,
These swinging frames 20a, 20 are pivoted by 20b.
The load detector 24 detects the loss of each bearing via the load detector 24, and an electric double bearing is employed. That is, the support shafts 19a', 19 of each roller 19a, 19b
b' is pivotally supported at both ends by bearings 41 on the swinging frames 20a, 20b, and the swinging frames 20a and 20b are
a and 20b are supported by electric double bearings 42. As shown in FIG. 4, in the electric double bearing 42, an inner ring 43a of an outer bearing 43 and an outer ring 44a of an inner bearing 44 are in pressure contact with each other.
6, the outer ring 44a is connected to the gear 47 so as to rotate together with the gear 47, and the outer ring 44a is positioned by the inner edge of the gear 47 and the presser plate 46.
Further, the outer ring 43b of the outer bearing 43 is fixed by a bearing stand 48a, a bearing frame 48b, and a presser cover 49, and the inner ring 44b of the inner bearing 44 contacts and supports the swing frames 20a and 20b. . The gear 47 is a bearing stand 48a
It is rotated by a motor 50 attached to the bearing frame 48b. As can be seen from Fig. 4, the bearing stand 4
Reference numeral 8a is installed on the bed 1, and the gear 50a of the motor 50 attached thereto is connected to the gear 47 that rotates the inner ring 43a of the outer bearing 43 described above.
A gear 52 that is coaxially mounted with a gear 51 that meshes with the
It's meshing with.

Therefore, according to the electric double bearing 42, when the rollers 19a and 19b rotate, the bearing 41 that pivotally supports the roller support shafts 19a' and 19b'
However, since the bearing 42 of this is an electric double bearing, the inner ring 43a of the outer bearing 43 and the outer ring 44a of the inner bearing 44 are always controlled by the motor 50 in the direction in which the swing frames 20a and 20b swing. , so the swing frame 2
The inner bearing 44 is rotated by the rocking of 0a and 20b.
This allows the swing frames 20a, 20b to swing in a state where the resistance is almost zero. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 53 indicates a bolt for fixing the bearing frame 48b and the presser cover 49. Also, the first
In FIG. 2, the motor 50 shown in FIG. 4 is omitted.

As described above, arms 21a and 21b for torque detection are provided protruding from each of the swinging frames 20a and 20b, and these arms 21a and 21b are connected to the bed 1.
Since the rollers 19a and 19b are connected to a load detector 24 such as a load cell installed above via the shaft 22 and the connector 23, losses in the bearings 41 of the roller support shafts 19a' and 19b' occur when the rollers 19a and 19b rotate. is detected by the load detector 24, and subtracted from this during the test. Moreover, at this time,
The swing frames 20a and 20b are equipped with electric double bearings 42.
Since the swing frames 20a,
The bearing loss of the roller shaft 20b itself is so small that it can be ignored, and only the bearing loss of the roller support shafts 19a' and 19b' can be detected.

By the way, the DC electric dynamometer 10 for driving the rollers installed on the bed 1 has not been described in detail, but this may have approximately the same configuration as the DC electric dynamometer 9 on the tire 11 side. is the point where the support shaft 19a' of the drive roller 19a is directly connected instead of the tire mounting wheel 12, and the hole 2 for air supply.
The only difference is that 7, 27a, rotary joint 28, air hose 29, etc. are not required, and the swinging frame 10a can be swingably supported by hydraulic levitation with substantially no loss. Therefore, the swinging frame 10
A is an arm 10b for torque detection and a connecting tool 10.
The load detector 10d connected through the DC electric dynamometer accurately detects the output when the DC electric dynamometer is used for driving and the loss when it is used for absorption.

Although not shown, DC electric dynamometers 9 and 1
0 swing frames 9b, 10a and roller support shaft 1
The swinging frames 20a and 20b for 9a' and 19b' each have an arm 9 for torque detection protruding from each of them.
It is preferable to provide a balance plate at a position opposite to c, 10b, 21a, and 21b, thereby canceling out the weight of the arm and holding each swinging frame in a balanced state. Furthermore, since the tire support frame 7 needs to be positioned horizontally, it is convenient to attach a spirit level to the tire support frame 7.

The rolling resistance measurement of a tire using the tire testing machine of this embodiment as described above is carried out as follows. First, the tire to be tested 11 is fitted onto the tire mounting wheel 12, the height of the tire support frame 7 is determined, and the load and air pressure on the tire 11 are set to desired test conditions. This load and air pressure can be set arbitrarily. Next, the DC electric dynamometer 10 and the DC electric dynamometer 9 are connected as necessary.
Only one side is used for driving and the other is free.
One is used for driving and the other is used for absorption, or both are operated for driving, and the load detectors 9e and 10d of each DC electric dynamometer 9 and 10 and the load detector of each roller support shaft 19a' and 19b' 24,2
Obtain a measurement value of 4. From this, depending on the conditions of , the rolling resistance of the tire is measured using the following equation (1) in the case of and, and the following equation (2) in the case of .

Rolling resistance = [Output of driving DC electric dynamometer 10 or 9] - [Loss of roller support shafts 19a' and 19b'] - [Loss of free or absorption DC electric dynamometer 9 or 10] ...(1) Rolling resistance = [Output of driving DC electric dynamometers 9 and 10] - [Loss of roller support shafts 19a' and 19b'] ...(2) In this measurement, the mechanical loss of the roller other than the rolling resistance of the tire Since the mechanical loss of each bearing part of the support shaft, tire support shaft, and DC machine can be obtained as actual measured values from moment to moment, the mechanical loss of each bearing part is obtained regardless of changes in measurement time, tire load, air pressure, or rotational speed. Loss can be accurately separated and only the net rolling resistance can be measured accurately and continuously. Moreover, by operating the DC electric dynamometer 9 for absorption or driving, it is possible to measure the braking condition of the tire, which could not be measured conventionally.
Rolling resistance when 1 is under load can be measured.

<Effects of the Invention> As specifically explained using the examples above,
According to the present invention, when measuring rolling resistance by placing a tire on the double rollers of a chassis dynamometer, a DC electric dynamometer is also provided on the tire support frame, and the tire mounting frame is mounted on the rotating shaft of the DC electric dynamometer. Since this DC electric dynamometer was installed, it became possible to measure the rolling resistance of a tire under load by operating this DC electric dynamometer for absorption or driving purposes. Moreover, when the DC electric dynamometer on the chassis dynamometer side or the tire side is operated as a free or absorption type, the loss including the bearing loss of the DC electric dynamometer is measured moment by moment during the tire rolling resistance test. This makes it possible to measure pure tire rolling resistance by separating this bearing loss.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures show an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a front view;
Fig. 2 is a plan view, Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing a DC electric dynamometer with a swinging frame supported by hydraulic levitation together with a tire support mechanism, and Fig. 4 is a swinging frame shaft that supports the roller support shaft. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a supporting electric double bearing. In the drawings, 1 is a base, 2 is a support mechanism on the base end side of the tire support frame, 3 is a feed screw, 4 is a screw receiver, 7 is a tire support frame, 9 is a DC electric dynamometer provided on the tire support frame, and 9a is a DC electric dynamometer provided on the tire support frame. Rotating shaft of DC electric dynamometer that also serves as tire support shaft, 9b, 1
0a, 20a and 20b are swing frames; 9c,
10b, 21a and 21b are arms, 9e, 10
d, 16 and 24 are load detectors, 10 is a DC electric dynamometer of a chassis dynamometer, 11 and 11
a is a tire, 12 is a tire mounting wheel, 13
14 is a cylinder, 14a is a cylinder rod, 15 is a support frame, 19a and 19b are rollers, 19a' and 19
b' is a roller support shaft, and 42 is an electric double bearing.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 In a testing machine in which a dynamometer is connected to a roller and a tire is placed on the roller with a load applied and rolled to measure the rolling resistance of the tire, the tire support shaft that supports the test tire is equipped with a DC electric dynamometer. The DC electric dynamometer is connected to the rotating shaft of the base, and the DC electric dynamometer is installed on a tire support frame provided at a predetermined height on the base, and the frame of the DC electric dynamometer is swingably supported on the tire support frame by hydraulic levitation. The arm extending laterally from the frame of the DC electric dynamometer is connected to a load detector, while the support shaft of the roller on which the test tire is mounted and rotates is an electric double bearing operated by a motor. A tire testing machine for measuring rolling resistance, characterized in that it is pivotally supported by a swinging frame that is swingably supported, and an arm extending laterally from the swinging frame is connected to a load detector.