JPS6157164B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a tire vulcanizer that hardens the raw rubber by placing a recycled tire in which raw rubber is applied to the ground and shaped tread portion in a mold and heating it at a predetermined temperature.

As is well known, a tire vulcanizer is a machine that places a tire made mainly of raw rubber into a mold and heats it externally using steam, electric heat, etc. at a temperature of around 153℃ to vulcanize (harden) the raw rubber. However, the vulcanization speed of raw rubber is approximately 6 minutes per 1 mm of thickness of raw rubber, so
For example, for large tires such as truck and bus tires where the thickness of raw rubber reaches 20 mm or more, the vulcanization process takes approximately
Requires 120 minutes. For this reason, most of the tire manufacturing process was taken up by the vulcanization time, and the daily production amount was also determined by this time.

For this reason, various methods have been proposed to shorten the vulcanization time of tires, and recently, vulcanization has been promoted by heating the tire from both the inside and outside. This method heats the tire from the outside as usual, and also heats the inside of the tire to a temperature of, for example, 90°C.
By supplying hot water under pressure and heating from the inside and outside at the same time, the vulcanization time is reduced to about half of the conventional time (approx.
(60 minutes).

However, in this type of vulcanizer, the hot water pressure inside the tire during vulcanization is over 100 tons, so the mold is held in a heavy press, and this press is further locked, resulting in a pressure of several 100 tons. The mold must be tightened with force. The press locking means is to connect the upper and lower presses with multiple screws,
There are methods for tightening this screw by rotating it with a motor or hand, and methods for lowering the upper press with a hydraulic cylinder, but both require a huge amount of equipment.
Furthermore, when using a manual method, the tightening force is weak and it is difficult to obtain a uniform tightening force over the entire circumference of the tire, so it has been considered inappropriate to use in a vulcanizer for large tires. Additionally, a system has been proposed in which a crank mechanism consisting of a large number of hydraulic cylinders, crank arms, etc. is disposed on both sides of the press, and the press is locked using hydraulic pressure, but this method not only becomes extremely large, but also
The number of hydraulic cylinders is large and the crank mechanism is complicated, making it expensive, and it also has drawbacks such as being prone to breakdowns and requiring troublesome maintenance.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of conventional devices, and provides a tire vulcanizer that is simple in structure, has a small number of hydraulic cylinders, and is equipped with a crank mechanism that is easy to operate. It is. The present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof. In both figures, 1 is a base, and 2 is a frame erected on the base 1. 3 is the base 1
A fixed press is provided on the top, with protrusions 4, 5 on both sides and a through hole 6 in the center. Reference numeral 7 denotes a dish-shaped first jacket fixed on the fixed press 3, with a through hole 8 in the center and a steam passage or heater installation hole 9 in the main body.
is provided. 10 is a first mold installed in the recess of the first jacket 7, and a through hole 1 is provided in the center.
1 is provided, and the upper surface is formed in a shape corresponding to one-half of the outer shape of the tire in the horizontal direction.

12 is the first bead drum, and the first jacket 7
The bottom portion 13 is formed in a convex shape, and a bead ring 14 to which a tire is attached is provided at the top. Reference numeral 15 designates a clamp ring disposed within the bottom portion 13 of the first bead drum 12. A clamp drum 16 is fixed on the inside, and a bladder 17 made of an elastic material such as rubber is attached to the outside. Reference numeral 18 designates a passageway that communicates the inside of the bladder 17 with a steam source and a hot water source (not shown), and 16a designates a stopper rod fixed to the bottom portion 13 of the clamp drum 16. 19 is a hydraulic cylinder, and its operating rod 20 is connected to the bottom 13 of the first bead drum 12. 21 and 22 are support rods for the clamp ring 15, 23 and 24 are stoppers for the support rods 21 and 22, and pneumatic cylinders 25,
It is opened and closed by 25a.

Reference numeral 26 designates a second bead drum, which includes a bead ring 2 having a through hole 27a at its lower part that serves as a guide for the clamp drum 16, and an arcuate portion 28 formed on its lower surface.
7 is attached. Further, a stopper rod 29 is attached to the bottom portion 26a of the second bead drum 26 concentrically with the stopper rod 16a. 30
1 is a movable press having a through hole 31 in the center and crank supports 32 and 33 formed on both sides. 34, 35, and 36 (FIG. 1) are bellows, and guide rails 37 and 38 (FIG. 2) of the second press 30 are arranged inside. 30
Reference characters a and 30b are hanging arms provided on the upper surface of the movable press 30. A second mold 39 is constructed symmetrically with the first mold 10, and when both molds 10 and 39 are combined, a space corresponding to the outer shape of the tire T is formed. Note that both molds 10 and 39 are replaced as appropriate with molds corresponding to the size and external shape of the tire to be vulcanized. A second jacket 41 is fixed to the movable press 30 and has the same structure as the first jacket 7.

44 is a hydraulic cylinder attached to the upper part of the movable press 30, and its operating rod 45 is connected to the bottom part 28a of the second bead drum 28. 46,
A hook 47 is rotatably attached to the frame 2, and one end thereof is connected to the operating rods of pneumatic cylinders 48 and 49 attached to the frame 2, and constitutes a safety device for preventing the movable press 30 from falling.

Reference numerals 50 and 50a denote crank mechanisms for clamping the presses, and both are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the presses 3 and 30 and have the same structure, so one crank mechanism 50a will be described below. 51
a is a Z-shaped crank, which is rotatably fixed in the crank bearing 33 of the movable press 30 via a bearing by a shaft 52a, and has a stopper 53a at one end.
The other end is connected to an operating rod 55a of a hydraulic cylinder 54a attached to the base 1. 5
6a is a crank rod, one end of which is rotatably fixed to the crank 51a by a shaft 57a. 5
Reference numeral 9a denotes a shaped clamp arm, one end of which is rotatably fixed to a crank rod 56a by a shaft 58a, and the other end is fixed to a locking member 60a by a shaft 61a.
is rotatably mounted. 62a is an adjustment plate attached to the lock member 60a. A relief cylinder 64a is rotatably attached to the crank bearing 33 of the movable press 3 via a bearing by a shaft 65a, and its operating rod 66a is connected to the crank 51a. 70 is a tire lifting platform, 71 is a guide rail of the tire lifting platform 70, 72 is a steam pipe, 7
3 is a control panel.

The operation of the embodiment of the present invention constructed as described above will be explained as follows. First, the conditions before starting work are as follows (see Figure 2).

(1) The operating rod 20 of the hydraulic cylinder 19 is retracted, and the first bead drum 12 is located below.

(2) The operating rod 45 of the hydraulic cylinder 44 is moved backward, and the second bead drum 26 and bead ring 27 are moved upward (inside the second mold 39, second jacket 41, and through holes 40, 42, and 31 of the second press 30). It is in.

(3) Operating rods 55, 5 of hydraulic cylinders 54, 54a
5a is moving forward, and the movable press 30 connected via shafts 52, 52a by cranks 51, 51a has risen and is suspended from hooks 46, 47 by hanging arms 30a, 30b.

(4) Tire T has not been installed yet.

In this state, a new unvulcanized tire T is placed on the tire lifting platform 70 and carried above the bead ring 14 of the first bead drum 12 via the guide rail 71, and the operating rod 20 of the hydraulic cylinder 19 is advanced. After the tire T is placed on the bead ring 14, the tire lifting platform 70 is moved backward. Then, the operating rod 45 of the hydraulic cylinder 44 is moved forward, and the bead drum 27 is moved forward.
lower the tire T to both bead drums 14, 2.
Hold between 7.

Next, the pneumatic cylinders 48 and 49
6 and 47 to separate them from the hanging arms 30a and 30b. In this state, the hydraulic cylinders 54, 54
When the operating rods 55, 55a of a are moved back, the movable press 30 is lowered, so the hydraulic cylinders 19, 44
The stopper rods 16a, 29 that relieve the internal pressure of the presses press against each other, the movable press 30 descends along the guide rails 37, 38, and the first and second bead drums 12, 26 naturally fit into the through holes 6 of both presses 3, 30. , 31. On the other hand, as the tire T descends, the bladder 17 enters the inside of the tire T. Immediately before the two molds 10 and 39 come into contact (for example, when the distance between them is about 5 cm), the movable press 30 stops descending, and steam is supplied to the bladder 17 to inflate it, and the bladder 17 and the inner surface of the tire T and Align it with the arcuate portion 28 of the bead ring 26 (see Figure 3). Subsequently, the movable press 30 is lowered, and when both the molds 10 and 39 are in close contact with each other, the crank mechanism 50,
Fixing the lock members 60, 60a of 50a with the press 3
The movable press 3
Lock 0. At this time, the first bead drum 1
2 is positioned by the first jacket 7 and the through holes 8, 11 of the first mold 10, and the second bead drum 26
The bead ring 27 is positioned by the second mold 39 and the through holes 40 and 42 of the second jacket 41. This state is shown in FIG.

A tire T is housed between both molds 10 and 39,
When both presses 3, 30 are locked by crank mechanisms 50, 50a, pressurized hot water is supplied into the bladder 17. At this time, the steam in the bladder 17 is absorbed into the hot water, so there is no problem. Meanwhile, steam is added to the first and second jackets 7, 41, and electricity is applied to the heater to heat the tire T from the inside and outside to about 153° C. for about 60 minutes. As a result, the tire T is completely cured.

When vulcanization of the tire T is completed, the supply of hot water to the bladder 17, the supply of steam to both jackets 7 and 41, and the supply of electricity are stopped, and the crank mechanisms 50 and 50a are stopped.
is activated to raise the movable press 30 and suspend it from the frame 2 by the hooks 46 and 47. Next, the operating rod 45 of the hydraulic cylinder 44 is moved back to raise the second bead drum 26 and bead ring 27, and the operating rod 20 of the hydraulic cylinder 19 is moved forward to raise the first bead drum 12.
At this time, the bladder 17 comes out of the tire T and the second
Return to the state shown in the figure. Finally, the tire T is placed on the tire lifting platform 70 and taken out to the outside.

Next, the operation of the crank mechanism according to the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6. When the operating rod 55a of the hydraulic cylinder 54a moves backward, the movable press 30 connected thereto also moves down. At this time,
The operating rod 66a of the relief cylinder 64a is moving forward, and the stopper 53a of the crank 51a is engaged with the upper surface of the movable press 30 (in FIG.
(indicated by a dash-dot line). When the movable press 30 descends and stops just before the two molds 10 and 39 come into contact with each other, and steam is supplied to the bladder 17, the inflation pressure of the tire T increases.
The force exceeds 100t, pushing up the movable press 30, and the stopper 53a separates from the upper surface of the movable press 30. Therefore, even if the hydraulic cylinder 54a is moved back, the two molds 10 and 39 do not match, and the crank 5
1a only rotates, and the locking member 60a of the crank rod 56a cannot engage with the protrusion 5 of the fixed press 3. Therefore, in order to match both molds 10 and 39, it is necessary to apply pressure to the movable press 30 that is greater than the inflation force of the tire T due to hot water. That is, by advancing the operating rod 66a of the relief cylinder 64a, the arm 51a of the crank relative to the movable press 30 is moved forward.
By maintaining this angle, the movable press 30 can be lowered. Both molds 10 and 39 match, and the relief cylinder 64a is connected to the pressure cylinder 54.
When the actuating rod 66a retreats due to the force a, the crank 51a rotates clockwise around the shaft 52a to the state shown by the solid line in FIG.
a becomes substantially vertical, and the locking member 61a engages with the protrusion 5 of the stationary press 3. At this time, the crank 51a is at the top dead center and strongly and completely locks both presses 3, 30. Note that the relief cylinder 64a is configured to automatically provide relief when its internal pressure exceeds a set pressure.

If the clamping force of the upper and lower presses 3, 30 changes due to replacement of the upper and lower molds 10, 39, the adjustment can be made by changing the adjustment plate 62a of the locking member 60a.

To unlock the crank mechanism 50a,
You can do almost the opposite of the above.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the relief cylinder used in the present invention. In this embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder and the relief mechanism are integrated. That is, although a normal cylinder relief mechanism is placed at a location apart from a hydraulic cylinder and connected to the two by an oil distribution pipe, in this embodiment, both are integrated into a compact structure. 81 is a cylinder, 82 is a relief mechanism constructed integrally with this, and has an oil passage 83 that communicates with a hydraulic power source (not shown) at one end and communicates with the cylinder 81 at the other end.
A check valve 84 provided in this oil passage 83 and a relief valve 86 provided in a bypass oil passage 85 of the oil passage 83.
and a pressure regulating screw 87 of the relief valve 86. 88 is a piston disposed in the cylinder 81;
89 is a self-priming and exhausting cylinder.

The operation and function of each component of the present invention has been explained above in order.However, when actually operating the vulcanizer, the procedure for these operations will be explained on the control panel 73.
By incorporating it into the system, it can be performed automatically in a short period of time, making operation extremely easy.

In the above embodiment of the present invention, the crank rods 56, 56a of the crank mechanisms 50, 50a,
The clamp arms 59, 59a are separately provided, and the shaft 58,
Although the case where the shaft is connected by the shaft 58a has been shown, the present invention is not limited to this, and the two may be constructed integrally. In addition, the movable press 30 has a hanging arm 30a,
30b is provided and suspended by hooks 46 and 47, but this is not essential to the present invention and may be omitted. Furthermore, although the embodiment of the relief cylinders 64, 64a has been described with reference to FIG. 7, the present invention is not limited to this, and ordinary hydraulic cylinders may be used. Furthermore, although the case is shown in which the hydraulic cylinders 19 and 44 are used to move the first and second bead cylinders up and down, the present invention is not limited to this.
A pneumatic cylinder or motor may also be used. Hooks 46 and 47 are used to support the movable press 30.
When using the hooks 46, 47, a hydraulic cylinder or a motor may be used in the same manner.

As is clear from the above description, the tire vulcanizer according to the present invention has a simple structure and a reduced number of hydraulic cylinders, so it can be made at low cost. In addition, it is easy to operate, has few failures, and is easy to maintain, so it is possible to reduce vulcanization costs and shorten operating and maintenance times.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of its operation, Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of its operation, and Fig. 5 is its AA sectional view. , FIG. 6 is a right side view, and FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the relief cylinder. 1: Board, 2: Frame, 3: Fixed press,
4, 5: protrusion, 7: first jacket, 10: first mold, 12: first bead drum, 17: bladder, 27: bead ring, 26: second bead drum, 30: movable press, 32, 33: Crank holder, 39: Second mold, 41: Second jacket, 5
0,50a: crank mechanism, 19,44,54,
54a: Hydraulic cylinder, 51, 51a: Crank, 56, 56a: Crank rod, 59, 60
a: lock member, 64, 64a: relief cylinder, 70: diamond elevator.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A fixed press fixed on a base and having protrusions on both sides, a jacket fixed on the fixed press, a mold fitted to the jacket, and the fixed press, the jacket, and the mold. A bead drum is provided with a clamp ring that is movable up and down in a through hole provided in the hole and holds a bladder made of an elastic material inside, a movable press having crank supports on both sides, and a bead drum fixed to the lower surface of the movable press. A jacket, a mold attached to the lower surface of the jacket, and a bead drum, which is vertically movable in a through hole provided in the movable press, jacket, and mold, and is provided with a bead ring at the bottom thereof, are arranged facing each other. , a crank that is each pivotally supported by the crank receiver of the movable press and whose one end is connected to an operating rod of a hydraulic cylinder disposed on both sides of the fixed press, and a crank rod that is pivotally fixed to the crank and includes a clamp member; A mechanism comprising a relief cylinder connected between the crank and a crank receiver of the movable press is provided, and the mechanism lowers the movable press and engages the clamp member with protrusions provided on both sides of the fixed press. A tire vulcanizer characterized in that the fixed press and the movable press are clamped together.