JPS6157404B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is composed of polymers A and B that have mutual affinity and different shrinkage properties, and a polymer C that has poor affinity with both polymers A and B, Polymer A,
The present invention relates to a method for producing a conjugate fiber that can be separated and split into a conjugate fiber consisting of polymer B and a fiber consisting of polymer C.

In the past, many proposals regarding composite fibers have been made; for example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-35613, 2
By spinning a composite fiber in which a large number of eccentric composite components made of one kind of polymer are separated by another kind of polymer component, and removing the different kinds of polymer components, the crimp ability made of two kinds of polymers is improved. A method has been proposed for forming a fine thread having

The method of this publication is to form a fine fiber having crimping ability made of two types of polymers in order to obtain a silk-like fiber, but the present invention is capable of forming a fine fiber having a crimp ability by peeling and splitting the polymer. By forming composite fibers having crimp ability (or crimp) consisting of A and B and fibers consisting of polymer C, it is possible to obtain an animal hair-like fabric having unprecedented bulkiness and elasticity. The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for manufacturing composite fibers with good operability.

That is, the present invention produces a composite fiber composed of polymers A and B that have mutual affinity and different shrinkage properties, and polymer C that has poor affinity with both polymers A and B. At this time, a plurality of streams of polymer B are discharged from a direction perpendicular to the flow of polymer C at rotationally symmetrical positions to form a composite stream, and a portion of polymer B in the composite stream is injected with polymer A. The gist of this invention is a method for producing composite fibers, which is characterized by carrying out composite spinning by discharging a flow of .

The composite fiber obtained by the method of the present invention is peeled and split into a composite fiber in which polymers A and B are joined in a bimetallic manner and a fiber made of polymer C by mechanical and/or chemical treatment. Since the composite fibers made of polymers A and B have different shrinkability, they develop crimp when subjected to heat treatment or the like. Therefore, by splitting the composite fiber obtained by the method of the present invention, it is possible to easily create a yarn with the complex structure of animal hair, which is a mixture of fine denier crimped filaments and relatively thick denier fibers. It can be obtained. Depending on the combination of polymers and processing method, fiber splitting and crimp development can be performed in one step. In addition, as will be described later, by adding slight improvements, various applications can be made and the performance of the yarn can be controlled.

Figures 1 and 2 are diagrams schematically showing the cross sections of specific examples of composite fibers obtained by the method of the present invention, and the shaded areas in the figures are polymers A and B (in the center). The one closest to B) indicates polymer C, and the shaded area indicates polymer C.

Part where polymers A and B are joined (A and B components)
are arranged at rotationally symmetrical positions in the cross section of the fiber, so even if the properties of the A, B and C components are quite different, problems such as yarn bending will not occur during spinning. Furthermore, even if the A and B components have a denier of 1 denier or less after splitting, the spinnability is good because they are spun together with the C component.

In addition, the C component will have an irregular cross-sectional shape,
It has the effect of providing bulk and soft luster.

The fineness of the A/B and C components after splitting can be adjusted by adjusting the discharge rate ratio of the A/B components and the C component during spinning or by changing the number of divisions of the A/B components into the C component. The difference can be adjusted. In order to provide a more complex fineness distribution, it is preferable to mix different numbers of divisions.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a hollow portion (an irregularly shaped hollow portion may also be provided) may be provided.

The method of the invention is carried out using a spinneret apparatus such as that shown in FIG.

Three types of polymers A, B, and C are weighed separately and introduced into the die device shown in FIG. 3 through the inlets A, B, and C, respectively. The flow of polymer B from the first discharge hole 4 provided in the middle plate 3 of the composite component 2 is perpendicular to the flow of the polymer C introduced from the top of the composite component 2 opened in the plate 1. The flow of polymer A is split and discharged from the direction to form a composite flow, and then the flow of polymer A from the second discharge hole 6 provided in the lower plate 5 of the composite part 2 is divided into the flow of polymer B from the direction perpendicular to the composite flow. It is discharged in parts so as to overlap, and is spun out from the mouth hole 8 of the mouth plate 7 as a three-component composite stream.

The important point here is that the first discharge hole 4 of the composite component 2
With respect to the positional relationship between the first discharge hole 4 and the second discharge hole 6, the first discharge hole 4 and the second discharge hole 6 are provided at a position where they overlap, as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to change the hole diameter of each discharge hole for the purpose of changing the linear velocity of discharge, and there is no problem when changing the first discharge hole and the second discharge hole by a constant size, but when changing the diameter in the circumferential direction. When this is desired, it is desirable to maintain a symmetrical positional relationship, and it is desirable to always maintain symmetry in each filament cross section or the entire filament.

When a spinneret device as shown in FIG. 3 is used, the three-component composite fiber can be stably spun without yarn bending or the like occurring during spinning.

If composite spinning is performed using the spindle device shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 with a predetermined number of discharge holes 4 and second discharge holes 6 of the composite component 2, the composite fiber with the cross section shown in FIGS. is obtained. (When making the hollow composite fiber shown in Figure 2, the shape of the spinneret hole 8 may be as shown in Figure 5.) The yarn spun compositely in this way is cooled in the usual way, and then wound. After being removed, it can be stretched or stretched and false-twisted. In particular, stretching and false-twisting is an advantageous method, and allows the above-mentioned A and B components to be crimped and separated from the C component at the same time. However, it is also effective to divide the material into A/B components and C component by appropriate heat treatment or chemical treatment after stretching, or the treatment may be performed after forming into a fabric.

Regarding the polymers used in the present invention, first, examples of combinations of polymers with poor affinity for each other include combinations of polyamides represented by nylon 6 and nylon 66 and polyesters represented by polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene oxybenzoate. This is a preferable example from the viewpoint of versatility and fiber performance. In addition, polymers A and B components that have mutual affinity include polymers of the same type but with different compositions or degrees of polymerization, or single polymers and copolymers thereof that have no affinity with component C. Good combination. Of course, any of the components may be a copolymer, and any combination that satisfies the above-mentioned basic requirements is sufficient.

Depending on the selection of the polymer, new elements can be added to the fiber performance. For example, by treating the polyester with alkali after yarn formation or fabrication, it is possible to elute part of the fiber surface. Alternatively, it is also possible to change the texture of the fibers by changing the surface morphology of the fibers using a chemical treatment such as swelling nylon by treating it with an acid.

Next, the method of the present invention will be specifically explained using examples.

Example Component A is polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.64, component B is a relative viscosity (0.5 g/dl, 25°C)
Polyethylene oxybenzoate of 1.34 and component C were melt-extruded separately as nylon 6 with an intrinsic viscosity of 1.1, weighed, introduced into the spinneret shown in FIG. 3, and composite spun at a temperature of 285°C. The first discharge hole of the mouthpiece device has a diameter of 0.15mm, and the second discharge hole has a diameter of 0.15mm.
0.10mm, 5 holes each, 16 cap holes.
I used a hall one. The spinning winding speed is 2500m/
The discharge amount was adjusted so that the total fineness after stretching was 150 denier. Further, the A/B discharge rate ratio was set to 1/1, and the A and B components were adjusted to be 0.8 denier after stretching.

The obtained undrawn yarn was stretched at a stretching ratio of 1.90, a first heater temperature of 180°C, a false twist number of 2500T/M, and a second heater temperature.
Stretching and simultaneous false twisting were performed at 180°C and a relaxation rate of 14%.

After applying additional twist of 200T/M to this processed yarn, it is used as warp and warp yarns to create a woven fabric with a twill structure, and after dyeing,
Brushed.

The resulting fabric was soft, cashmere-like, bulky, and beautiful.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrams schematically showing cross sections of specific examples of fibers obtained by the method of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of a spinneret device used in carrying out the present invention. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the composite part 2 shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a die hole 8 for obtaining hollow composite fibers.
It is a figure showing an example of the shape.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When producing a composite fiber composed of polymers A and B that have mutual compatibility and different shrinkage properties, and polymer C that has poor affinity with both polymers A and B, polymer C A composite stream is formed by discharging a plurality of streams of polymer B from a direction perpendicular to the flow in rotationally symmetrical positions, and a stream of polymer A is discharged to the polymer B portion of the composite stream. A method for producing composite fibers characterized by composite spinning.