JPS6157650B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a cooling device for a collecting electrode of a traveling wave tube.

It is known that a large amount of heat is generated in a traveling wave tube, and most of the heat is generated as power loss at the collector electrode. In reality, this large power loss is directly dissipated by a suitable radiator in large capacity traveling wave tubes (over 100 watts). For this purpose, this radiator has relatively large dimensions and a single-stage collector electrode with an electric field focusing device must therefore be used.

For example, a 20 watt traveling wave tube is configured so that the generated heat is directly carried away through metal contact if the power loss is small. Thereby, it is possible to use a collector electrode with a multistage magnetic field focusing device as the collector electrode, and therefore the traveling wave tube can obtain a significantly higher efficiency.

Traveling wave tubes cooled by heat transfer tubes are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. (Unidirectinal Heat Pipes to Control TWT
Temperature in Synchronous Orbit" (Authors: A. Basilius and T. A. Hummel of the Electron Dynamics Division, Hargus Aircraft Company, Torrance, Calif.)
(pages 168, 169 et seq.); Magazine “Design News” (Kyaners Publishing);
At the Design Engineering Show and Conference held in March 1974, "Designer's Guide to Heat Pipes" pages 4-5, especially page 19, Figures and their explanations; Magazine “ESA” SP-112, Volume 1, No. 2;
"International Heat Pipes Conference" held in Polonia, Italy
``Follow-up on Heat Pipe Applications''
Pipes Application), pages 437 to 479, especially FIG. 6; The traveling wave tubes described therein operate with relatively little power loss.
Therefore, these traveling wave tubes can be sufficiently cooled by conventional heat transfer tube devices (heat pipes).

In high-power traveling wave tubes, in the case of types that can be equipped with magnetic field focusing devices, the heat flux is no longer sufficiently emitted, or the heat flux becomes so large that it can only be carried out by metal conductors. The amount of heat that must be carried out, that is, the power loss, is large. Therefore, for traveling wave tubes with high outputs exceeding 100 watts, it is necessary to rely on a single-stage electric field focusing device. However, this has the disadvantage of reducing efficiency too much.

The use of highly efficient magnetic field focusing multi-stage collector electrodes has not heretofore been possible in this type of high power traveling wave tube. Furthermore, in such large traveling wave tubes, special radiators limit the
There was a drawback that installation was a problem. For example, the installation may be on an external panel of a space satellite, which requires long lines for waveguide cabling. This causes yet another efficiency loss. Furthermore, such self-heating traveling wave tubes cannot be installed within the Earth's atmosphere.

Therefore, the present invention can efficiently achieve heat extraction of a high-power traveling wave tube, and its compact design increases efficiency and allows multi-stage magnetic field focusing in the collecting electrode. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cooling device for a collecting electrode of a traveling wave tube. Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide a collector electrode for a traveling wave tube that can be installed without being affected by the installation location and can also be used for installation on the ground. The purpose is to provide a cooling device.

According to the present invention, a plurality of heat pipes are arranged around a collector electrode of a traveling wave tube in parallel to the axis of the collector electrode, and the condensing portions of the heat pipes are arranged parallel to the axis of the collector electrode. This is achieved by connecting a plurality of heat pipes to one heat conduction tube for heat dissipation.

An advantage of the invention is, in particular, that by arranging a plurality of heat pipes in groups around the collecting electrode of a traveling wave tube, multi-stage magnetic field focusing is possible within the collecting electrode. This means that the outer diameter of the collector electrode can be made so small that an adjustment magnet can be movably arranged on the collector electrode for beam deflection. Therefore, when the number of magnetic field focusing stages is the same, efficiency can be greatly increased compared to the conventional method. moreover,
It is now possible to install the traveling wave tube arbitrarily, and it is also possible to arbitrarily determine the collector electrode temperature based on the structure of the heat exchanger or heat dissipation device, and it is also possible to lower the collector electrode temperature. By maintaining it, it is possible to extend the life of the collector electrode.
The advantage is that the cabling lines can be shortened and commercially profitable.
Furthermore, while mechanically and electrically fulfilling the desired cooling function, it can be assembled as a compact independent device with no or almost no connection to external devices.

The heat pipes are arranged in groups around a collector and are additionally aligned parallel to the axis of the traveling wave tube at their junction with the collector.
In the case of local power densities of less than 20 W/cm ² , the heat generated radially from the collector electrode, i.e. the power loss, is received and this heat is carried away to the subsequently connected heat transfer tube. By arranging an additional heat transfer tube parallel to the axis of the traveling wave tube, the heat generated in the electron gun can also be carried away.

Traveling wave tube cooling makes it possible to separate the functions of heat extraction and mechanical installation in an effective manner, thus allowing the arrangement of the traveling wave tube to be chosen arbitrarily. . In other words, it becomes possible to place the traveling wave tube in, for example, a space satellite. It should be noted that since the heat conduction tube can only be made of metal, the support or installation member of the traveling wave tube must be insulated from high voltage inside and the outside must be at ground potential.

By limiting the outer diameter of the collector electrode to a relatively small outer diameter (approximately 4 cm), which is necessary for processes such as shifting the position of the field focusing annular magnet, the collector electrode has a high heat flux. occurs. The large amount of heat thus generated is conducted to a heat dissipation tube of arbitrary length by a group of heat pipes arranged around the collector electrode and connected to each other by a single steam chamber. , and is carried away from this heat dissipation tube by a cooling device (eg, a radiator, a circulating cooler, a heat exchanger, etc.). The collector electrode is then surrounded by a plurality of independent heat pipes or a plurality of heat pipes grouped together in a shell. These heat pipes are coupled with good thermal conductivity to supports respectively attached to the collector electrode and the heat conduction tube for heat dissipation.

Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a collector electrode 1 of a traveling wave tube in a side view. A plurality of heat pipes 3 are arranged around the collector electrode 1 in parallel to the axis 2. The condensing portions 4 of these heat pipes 3 are placed around two heat-radiating heat conduction tubes 5 and 6 placed after the collector electrode 1. In order to support and fix the heat pipe 3, the collector electrode 1 is connected to the second
As shown in the figure, it is surrounded by an annular support 7, while in order to support and fix the condensing part 4 of the heat pipe 3, the heat conduction tubes 5 and 6 for heat dissipation are each in an annular shape as shown in FIG. It is surrounded by supports 8 and 9. These annular supports 7, 8, 9 are provided with semicircular cutouts 10 corresponding to their diameter in order to accommodate the heat pipes 3 and their condensing sections 4.
is formed. These supports 7, 8, and 9 themselves are good thermal conductors, and similarly connect the collecting electrode 1 and the heat pipe 3, and the heat conduction tubes 5, 6 for heat dissipation and the condensing section 4, respectively, with good heat transfer properties.

FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the collector electrode 1, the support 7 arranged around the collector 1, and the heat pipe 3 arranged in the semicircular cutout 10 of the support 7. It is shown. On the other hand, FIG. 3 shows the discharge heat conduction tubes 5 and 6, the supports 8 and 9 arranged around these heat conduction tubes 5 and 6, and the semicircles of these supports 8 and 9. A sectional view with a condensing part 4 supported in a shaped cutout 10 is shown. A plurality of heat pipes 3 arranged around the collector electrode 1
(that is, the plurality of condensing sections 4) is distributed to the heat conduction tubes 5, 6 for heat dissipation, such that half of the condensation sections 4 extending from the collector electrode 1 are distributed around each heat conduction tube 5, 6 for heat dissipation. This is done in such a way that they are arranged respectively.

FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of the collector electrode 1, which is the same as the collector electrode of FIG. However, in this case, a plurality of heat pipes 3 are arranged around the collector electrode 1.
They are arranged in a shell-like manner, with different embodiments placed on a 120° fan-shaped arc. In that case, the upper sector S ₁ shows the example of the arrangement of the heat pipes 3 already mentioned in FIGS. 1 to 3. On the other hand, the right sector S ₂ shows an arrangement example in which a plurality of heat pipes 3 are arranged inside the support 11. These heat pipes 3 are grouped together inside the support 11. That is, they may form the entire structure or may be inserted into the support as a plurality of independent tubes. On the other hand, the left fan-shaped S ₃ is a hollow body 1 in which a plurality of heat pipes 3 are formed into a prismatic shape and divided into several pieces.
2 shows an example of arrangement in which the electrodes are arranged around the collector electrode 1 along the curved surface of the collector electrode 1. In that case, the heat transfer tubes 12 formed in this way together with the support form one integral body 13.

5 and 6, a plurality of heat pipes 3 and one steam chamber 14 are connected via a communication lug 15.
(Fig. 5) or two steam chambers 14 (Fig. 6)
Different embodiments in which the condensing portions 4 leading to the
and FIG. 6b). In FIG. 5, one steam chamber 14 leading to the condensing section 4 is shown.
are in the form of a plurality of tube bodies 16 distributed and arranged around one heat conduction tube 5 for heat dissipation, and are extended long on the opposite side of the condensing section 4. Similarly, the sixth
In the figure, the two steam chambers 14 communicating with the condensing section 4 are in the form of a plurality of tube bodies 16 distributed and arranged around the two heat-dissipating heat transfer tubes 5. is extended on the opposite side. In that case, in FIG. 6, as is particularly clear from FIG. 6a, the heat pipe 3 around the collector electrode 1
The arrangement is shell-like.

FIG. 7 shows a shell-like arrangement of a plurality of heat pipes 3 arranged around the collector electrode 1 and the heat conduction tube 5 for heat dissipation (FIG. 7 a, b, where a is an AA cross-sectional view of b) ) and plate-like arrangement (Fig. 7 b, c, but c
(B--B sectional view) is shown. This seventh
In the figure, the condensation part of a plurality of heat pipes 3 (see A-A cross section shown in Figure 7a) arranged in the shell around the collector electrode 1 is located at the weld seam S.
It is connected to an intermediate member 17 that extends to the heat conduction tube 5 for heat dissipation and is tapered. This intermediate member 17 is joined to an upper condensing part 18 and a lower condensing part 19 formed in a flat plate shape at a welded seam S located between the AA cross section and the BB cross section. These condensing parts 18 and 19 are coupled to the heat conduction tube 5 for heat radiation with good thermal conductivity. In that case,
The condensing parts of the plurality of heat pipes 3 communicate through the rectangular capillary part (B-B shown in c in Fig. 7).
(See cross-sectional view).

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a collector electrode showing one embodiment of the present invention and equipped with a group of heat pipes arranged in parallel and having a condensing section arranged around two heat conduction tubes for heat dissipation; The figure is a cross-sectional view of the collector electrode in Figure 1 and a group of heat pipes installed around the collector electrode, and Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation device in Figure 1 with the condensing part of the heat pipe installed around it. A cross-sectional view of a heat transfer tube, FIG. 4, shows another embodiment of the invention, and a cross-sectional view of a collector electrode, FIG. Still another aspect of the present invention, comprising a plurality of heat pipes installed around a collector electrode and a condensing section of the heat pipes that are combined into one steam chamber around one heat dissipation heat transfer tube. FIG.
b is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A, and Figure 6 shows multiple heat pipes installed around the collector electrode and two steam chambers organized around two heat-dissipating heat conduction tubes. Another embodiment of the present invention is shown having a condensing section, and FIG.
FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention in which a plurality of heat pipes are installed in a shell-like arrangement and a flat plate-like arrangement around a collector electrode and a heat conduction tube for heat dissipation. An example is shown in FIG.
Figure c is a sectional view taken along line BB in figure b. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Collector electrode, 3... Heat pipe, 4... Condensation part of heat pipe, 5, 6... Heat conduction tube for heat dissipation, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13... Support body, 14...
...Steam room.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of heat pipes 3 are arranged around a collecting electrode 1 of a traveling wave tube in parallel to the axis of the collecting electrode, and a plurality of condensing portions 4 of the heat pipes are arranged in parallel to the axis of the collecting electrode. A cooling device for a collector electrode of a traveling wave tube, characterized in that it is connected to heat dissipation heat conduction tubes 5 and 6, one for each heat pipe. 2. In the cooling device according to claim 1, the plurality of heat pipes 3 are fixed on the collector electrode 1 by supports 7, 8, 9 having good heat transfer properties. A cooling device for a collecting electrode of a traveling wave tube. 3 In the cooling device according to claim 2, the support body is configured in the form of shells 11 and 13 surrounding the collector electrode 1, and a plurality of heat pipes 3 are arranged inside the shell.
1. A cooling device for a collector electrode of a traveling wave tube, characterized in that the collecting electrode is penetrated through the collector electrode. 4. In the cooling device according to claim 1, the condensing section 4 of the heat pipe 3 is connected to the heat conduction tubes 5 and 6 for heat dissipation via the steam chamber 14 communicating therewith. A cooling device for the collecting electrode of a traveling wave tube. 5. In the cooling device according to claim 1, the condensing section 4 of the heat pipe 3 connects to the heat conduction tubes 5, 6 for heat dissipation via flat condensing sections 18, 19 communicating with these condensing sections. A cooling device for a collecting electrode of a traveling wave tube, the cooling device being connected to a traveling wave tube.