JPS6159049B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6159049B2 JPS6159049B2 JP54142199A JP14219979A JPS6159049B2 JP S6159049 B2 JPS6159049 B2 JP S6159049B2 JP 54142199 A JP54142199 A JP 54142199A JP 14219979 A JP14219979 A JP 14219979A JP S6159049 B2 JPS6159049 B2 JP S6159049B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- secondary battery
- power transformer
- temperature
- battery
- rectifier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Description
〔技術分野〕
この発明は電池内蔵型非常用照明装置等に用い
られる温度補償型充電回路に関するものである。
〔背景技術〕
従来の電池内蔵型非常用照明装置は、第１図に
示すように、常時は、交流電源１より充電回路２
に給電されて鉛蓄電池またたニツケル−カドミウ
ム電池等の二次電池３が充電され、また、停電検
出リレー４が励磁されてリレー接点４ａが常開側
に切換わり、白熱ランプ５が消灯している。とこ
ろが、停電すると、二次電池３への充電が停止す
るとともに停電検出リレー４の励磁が停止し、リ
レー接点４ａが常閉側に切換わつて二次電池３よ
り白熱ランプ５に給電され、白熱ランプ５が非常
点灯する。この場合、充電回路２は、交流電源１
の電圧を降圧する電源トランス２ａと、電源トラ
ンス２ａの二次側電圧を整流するダイオードブリ
ツジなどの整流器２ｂと、二次電池３への充電電
流量を制限する充電制限抵抗などの充電電流制限
用素子２ｃとからなつている。なお、６は点検ス
イツチで、常時は接点をＡ側に切換えておき、点
検時に接点をＢ側に切換えて疑似的に停電を起こ
させる。７はヒユーズ、８および９はそれぞれコ
ネクタである。
しかし、このような電池内蔵型非常用照明装置
は、その周囲温度が一般的なもので０〜35℃の間
を変化し、このときの充電回路２の周囲温度が５
〜55℃、二次電池３の周囲温度が５〜45℃の間を
変化し、この大幅な温度変化のために二次電池３
の端子電圧が温度に対して負の傾斜をもつて変化
し、それに応じて充電電流が温度に対して正の傾
斜をもつて変化する。その結果、低温時（二次電
池３の端子電圧上昇；充電電流が減少）において
充電不足になり、非常点灯時の容量不足（非常点
灯時間の不足）が生じ、また、高温時（二次電池
３の端子電圧低下；充電電流増加）において過充
電状態になり、周囲温度が高温であることと相ま
つて二次電池３の寿命を著しく縮めるという問題
が生じた。二次電池３として、例えばニツケル−
カドミウム電池（NR−CH×10セル；12V，
1650mAH）を用いた場合、このニツケル−カド
ミウム電池は、１セル当り−3mV／℃の電圧温
度傾斜を有するため、端子電圧が周囲温度の変化
に対して第２図の実線X1で示すように変化す
る。このニツケル−カドミウム電池を第１図の充
電回路２で充電した場合、充電電流は周囲温度の
変化に対して第２図の実線X2で示すように変化
する。このような傾向はニツケル−カドミウム電
池に限らず、他のものでも同様であつた。
〔発明の目的〕
この発明の目的は、低温時の充電不足および高
温時の過充電を防止できる温度補償型充電回路を
提供することである。
〔発明の開示〕
この発明の温度補償型充電回路は、交流電源を
変圧する電源トランスと、この電源トランスの二
次出力電圧を整流する整流器と、この整流器の出
力電圧により充電される二次電池と、前記整流器
および前記二次電池の間に介挿した充電電流制限
用素子とを備え、前記電源トランスは前記二次電
池を接続したときの二次出力電圧の温度特性が前
記二次電池の端子電圧の温度特性とほぼ一致する
ように巻線径および巻数を選定したインピーダン
ス特性を有する。
この発明の構成によれば、二次電池を接続した
ときの二次出力電圧の温度特性が二次電池の端子
電圧の温度特性とほぼ一致するように巻線径およ
び巻数を選定したインピーダンス特性を有する電
源トランスを用いているため、部品点数を増加さ
せることなく、低温時の充電不足および高温時の
過充電を防止できる。
実施例
この発明の一実施例を第３図に基づいて説明す
る。この電池内蔵型非常用照明装置は、交流電源
１を変圧する電源トランス２ａと、この電源トラ
ンス２ａの二次出力電圧を整流するダイオードブ
リツジなどの整流器２ｂと、この整流器２ｂの出
力電圧により充電される二次電池３と、前記整流
器２ｂおよび前記二次電池３の間に介挿した充電
制限抵抗などの充電電流制限用素子２ｃとを備
え、前記電源トランス２ａは前記二次電池３を接
続したときの二次出力電圧の温度特性が前記二次
電池３の端子電圧の温度特性とほぼ一致するよう
に巻線径および巻数を選定したインピーダンス特
性を有する。
その他、白熱ランプ５を停電時に非常点灯させ
るための構成については従来例と同様である。
この実施例の電池内蔵型非常用照明装置によれ
ば、電源トランス２ａの二次電池３を接続したと
きの二次出力電圧の温度特性と二次電池３の端子
電圧の温度特性とが略一致するように電源トラン
ス２ａのインピーダンスが変化するため、第２図
の破線X3で示すように、二次電池３への充電電
流を周囲温度の変化に無関係に略一定に保持して
低温時の充電不足および高温時の過充電を防止す
ることができる。この実施例は電源トランス２ａ
のインピーダンスの調整のみで目的を達成できる
ため、部品点数が増加しないという効果もある。
次表は上述のことを具体的に示している。すな
わち、仕様Ｉで示すように、電源トランス２ａと
して１次巻線N1の線径が0.08φ、その巻数が3100
ターン、２次巻線N2の線径が0.18φ、その巻数が
650ターン、鉄心のサイズがE35B、鉄心の材質が
Ｈ−14であるものを用い、充電電流制限用素子２
ｃの抵抗値を16Ωにしたときの充電電流ＩCHは温
度変化に対応して生じる二次電池３の端子電圧Ｖ
DCの変化に無関係に略一定となり、上述の効果を
達成できた。ところが、仕様で示すように電源
トランス２ａとして１次巻線N1の線径が0.09φ、
その巻数が2700ターン、２次巻線N2の線径が0.26
φ、その巻数が473ターン、鉄心のサイズが
E35B、鉄心の材質がＨ−14であるものを用い、
充電電流制限用素子２ｃの抵抗値を24Ωにしたと
きの充電電流ＩCHは温度変化に対応して生じる二
次電池３の端子電圧ＶDCの変化に略反比例して変
化し、上述の効果は達成できなかつた。このよう
に、電源トランス２ａの１次巻線N1および２次
巻線N2の線径を細くするとともに巻数をそれぞ
れ多くすることによりインピーダンスを増加させ
ると、二次電池３の端子電圧の変化に対応して電
源トランス２ａのインピーダンスも変化し、充電
電流ＩCHを略一定にできることが実証できた。
[Technical Field] The present invention relates to a temperature compensated charging circuit used in a battery built-in emergency lighting device and the like. [Background Art] As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional emergency lighting device with a built-in battery normally connects a charging circuit 2 to an AC power source 1.
, the secondary battery 3 such as a lead-acid battery or a nickel-cadmium battery is charged, the power failure detection relay 4 is energized, the relay contact 4a is switched to the normally open side, and the incandescent lamp 5 is turned off. There is. However, when a power outage occurs, the charging of the secondary battery 3 stops, and the excitation of the power outage detection relay 4 stops, and the relay contact 4a switches to the normally closed side, and power is supplied from the secondary battery 3 to the incandescent lamp 5, causing the incandescent lamp to emit light. Lamp 5 lights up in an emergency. In this case, the charging circuit 2
A power transformer 2a that steps down the voltage of the power transformer 2a, a rectifier 2b such as a diode bridge that rectifies the secondary voltage of the power transformer 2a, and a charging current limiter such as a charging limiting resistor that limits the amount of charging current to the secondary battery 3. 2c. Reference numeral 6 is an inspection switch whose contact is normally switched to the A side, and during inspection, the contact is switched to the B side to cause a pseudo power outage. 7 is a fuse, and 8 and 9 are connectors, respectively. However, in such a battery built-in emergency lighting device, the ambient temperature generally changes between 0 and 35 degrees Celsius, and the ambient temperature of the charging circuit 2 at this time is 5 degrees Celsius.
~55℃, the ambient temperature of the secondary battery 3 changes between 5 and 45℃, and due to this large temperature change, the secondary battery 3
The terminal voltage of varies with a negative slope with respect to temperature, and the charging current accordingly varies with a positive slope with respect to temperature. As a result, charging becomes insufficient at low temperatures (increased terminal voltage of secondary battery 3; charging current decreases), resulting in insufficient capacity during emergency lighting (insufficient emergency lighting time), and at high temperatures (secondary battery 3 terminal voltage increases; charging current decreases). 3 (decrease in terminal voltage; increase in charging current), an overcharge state occurs, and together with the high ambient temperature, a problem arises in that the life of the secondary battery 3 is significantly shortened. As the secondary battery 3, for example, nickel
Cadmium battery (NR-CH x 10 cells; 12V,
1650mAH), this nickel-cadmium battery has a voltage-temperature gradient of -3mV/°C per cell, so the terminal voltage changes as shown by the solid line X1 in Figure 2 with respect to changes in ambient temperature. Change. When this nickel-cadmium battery is charged by the charging circuit 2 shown in FIG. 1, the charging current changes as shown by the solid line X2 in FIG. 2 as the ambient temperature changes. This tendency was not limited to nickel-cadmium batteries, but was similar to other batteries as well. [Object of the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a temperature-compensated charging circuit that can prevent insufficient charging at low temperatures and overcharging at high temperatures. [Disclosure of the Invention] The temperature-compensated charging circuit of the present invention includes a power transformer that transforms an AC power source, a rectifier that rectifies the secondary output voltage of the power transformer, and a secondary battery that is charged by the output voltage of the rectifier. and a charging current limiting element inserted between the rectifier and the secondary battery, and the power transformer has a temperature characteristic of the secondary output voltage when the secondary battery is connected. It has an impedance characteristic in which the winding diameter and number of turns are selected to almost match the temperature characteristic of the terminal voltage. According to the configuration of the present invention, the impedance characteristic is such that the winding diameter and number of turns are selected so that the temperature characteristic of the secondary output voltage when the secondary battery is connected almost matches the temperature characteristic of the terminal voltage of the secondary battery. Since the power transformer is used, undercharging at low temperatures and overcharging at high temperatures can be prevented without increasing the number of parts. Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIG. This battery built-in emergency lighting device includes a power transformer 2a that transforms an AC power supply 1, a rectifier 2b such as a diode bridge that rectifies the secondary output voltage of the power transformer 2a, and a rechargeable battery using the output voltage of the rectifier 2b. A charging current limiting element 2c such as a charging limiting resistor inserted between the rectifier 2b and the secondary battery 3, and the power transformer 2a connects the secondary battery 3. The impedance characteristic is such that the winding diameter and number of turns are selected so that the temperature characteristic of the secondary output voltage at the time of the change almost matches the temperature characteristic of the terminal voltage of the secondary battery 3. In other respects, the configuration for turning on the incandescent lamp 5 in an emergency during a power outage is the same as that of the conventional example. According to the battery built-in emergency lighting device of this embodiment, the temperature characteristics of the secondary output voltage when the secondary battery 3 of the power transformer 2a is connected and the temperature characteristics of the terminal voltage of the secondary battery 3 substantially match. Since the impedance of the power transformer 2a changes as shown in FIG. It is possible to prevent insufficient charging and overcharging at high temperatures. In this embodiment, the power transformer 2a
Since the objective can be achieved only by adjusting the impedance of the circuit, the number of parts does not increase. The following table specifically shows the above. That is, as shown in specification I, the wire diameter of the primary winding N1 of the power transformer 2a is 0.08φ, and the number of turns is 3100.
Turn, the wire diameter of the secondary winding N2 is 0.18φ, and the number of turns is
650 turns, core size is E35B, core material is H-14, charging current limiting element 2
When the resistance value of c is 16Ω, the charging current I CH is the terminal voltage V of the secondary battery 3 that occurs in response to temperature changes.
It remained approximately constant regardless of changes in DC , and the above-mentioned effect could be achieved. However, as shown in the specifications, the wire diameter of the primary winding N1 of the power transformer 2a is 0.09φ,
The number of turns is 2700 turns, and the wire diameter of the secondary winding N2 is 0.26.
φ, the number of turns is 473 turns, and the size of the iron core is
Using E35B, the core material is H-14,
When the resistance value of the charging current limiting element 2c is set to 24Ω, the charging current I CH changes in approximately inverse proportion to the change in the terminal voltage V DC of the secondary battery 3 that occurs in response to a temperature change, and the above-mentioned effect is I couldn't achieve it. In this way, if the impedance is increased by decreasing the wire diameter of the primary winding N 1 and secondary winding N 2 of the power transformer 2a and increasing the number of turns, the terminal voltage of the secondary battery 3 will change. It was demonstrated that the impedance of the power transformer 2a also changed in response to this, and that the charging current I CH could be kept approximately constant.
この発明の温度補償型充電回路によれば、二次
電池を接続したときの二次出力電圧の温度特性が
二次電池の端子電圧の温度特性とほぼ一致するよ
うに巻線径および巻数を選定したインピーダンス
特性を有する電源トランスを用いているため、部
品点数を増加させることなく、低温時の充電不足
および高温時の過充電を防止できる。
According to the temperature compensated charging circuit of the present invention, the winding diameter and number of turns are selected so that the temperature characteristics of the secondary output voltage when the secondary battery is connected almost match the temperature characteristics of the terminal voltage of the secondary battery. Since a power transformer with impedance characteristics is used, undercharging at low temperatures and overcharging at high temperatures can be prevented without increasing the number of parts.
第１図は従来の電池内蔵型非常用照明装置の回
路図、第２図はその問題点を説明するための特性
図、第３図はこの発明の一実施例を用いた電池内
蔵型非常用照明装置の回路図である。
２，２′……充電回路、２ａ……電源トラン
ス、２ｂ……整流器、２ｃ…充電電流制限用素
子。
Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional emergency lighting device with a built-in battery, Figure 2 is a characteristic diagram for explaining its problems, and Figure 3 is a diagram of a conventional emergency lighting device with a built-in battery using an embodiment of the present invention. It is a circuit diagram of a lighting device. 2, 2'... Charging circuit, 2a... Power transformer, 2b... Rectifier, 2c... Charging current limiting element.
Claims (1)
源トランスの二次出力電圧を整流する整流器と、
この整流器の出力電圧により充電される二次電池
と、前記整流器および前記二次電池の間に介挿し
た充電電流制限用素子とを備え、前記電源トラン
スは前記二次電池を接続したときの二次出力電圧
の温度特性が前記二次電池の端子電圧の温度特性
とほぼ一致するように巻線径および巻数を選定し
たインピーダンス特性を有する温度補償型充電回
路。1. A power transformer that transforms AC power, a rectifier that rectifies the secondary output voltage of this power transformer,
The power transformer includes a secondary battery that is charged by the output voltage of the rectifier, and a charging current limiting element inserted between the rectifier and the secondary battery. A temperature compensated charging circuit having impedance characteristics in which a winding diameter and number of turns are selected so that a temperature characteristic of a next output voltage substantially matches a temperature characteristic of a terminal voltage of the secondary battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14219979A JPS5666139A (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1979-10-31 | Temperature compensating charging circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14219979A JPS5666139A (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1979-10-31 | Temperature compensating charging circuit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5666139A JPS5666139A (en) | 1981-06-04 |
| JPS6159049B2 true JPS6159049B2 (en) | 1986-12-15 |
Family
ID=15309689
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14219979A Granted JPS5666139A (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1979-10-31 | Temperature compensating charging circuit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5666139A (en) |
-
1979
- 1979-10-31 JP JP14219979A patent/JPS5666139A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5666139A (en) | 1981-06-04 |
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