JPS6159488B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element having a multilayer structure using the electro-optical effect of a liquid crystal composition.

A conventional liquid crystal display element having such a multilayer structure has one or more middle electrode substrates interposed between an upper electrode substrate and a lower electrode substrate, and has an upper electrode substrate, a middle electrode substrate, a lower electrode substrate, a middle electrode substrate, and a middle electrode substrate. Since the opposing peripheral parts of the electrode substrates are sealed with a sealing body,
It has the following drawbacks.

First, the number of man-hours required for printing the sealed body is large. For example, in a two-layer structure using one middle electrode substrate, it is necessary to print the sealing body on the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate, or on both sides of the middle electrode substrate, so the number of times of printing is two. In addition, in a four-layer structure using three medium electrode substrates, the sealing body is printed at four locations, so the number of times the sealing body is printed is four times.

Second, reliability and yield are poor because the printed area of the sealed body is increased. Furthermore, since the number of injection holes for injecting the liquid crystal composition increases, the reliability of sealing the injection holes and the yield are poor.

Thirdly, if the thickness of the middle electrode substrate is reduced, the printing workability of the sealed body deteriorates, making it difficult to reduce the thickness of the liquid crystal display element. In addition, when using low melting point glass for the sealing body, the glass for the upper and lower electrode substrates and the glass for the middle electrode substrate need to be made of the same material, so from this point of view as well, the thickness of the middle electrode substrate should be made thinner. I can't. For example, the main chemical components of the glass material for the upper electrode substrate or lower electrode substrate are
SiO ₂ , Na ₂ O, CaO, MgO, Al ₂ O ₃ , thermal expansion coefficient approximately 90×10 ^-7 , transition point approximately 540°C, yield point approximately 590
When the softening point is approximately 720°C, it is difficult to make it thin because the mechanical strength is insufficient. Furthermore, in the step of forming a transparent conductive film (transparent electrode) by dipping, the substrate bends at high temperatures, making it difficult to make it thin. That is, it becomes difficult to make the liquid crystal display element thinner.

Fourth, the electrical connection method between the middle electrode substrate and the upper electrode substrate and between the middle electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate becomes complicated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display element that is thin, highly reliable, multifunctional, and requires fewer manufacturing steps.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained with reference to illustrated embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a two-layer liquid crystal display element according to the present invention, where 1 indicates a transparent electrode (not shown).
2 is a lower electrode substrate having transparent or opaque electrodes (not shown), 3 is a middle electrode substrate having transparent electrodes (not shown) on both sides, 4 is a spacer for gap extension, and 5 is an upper electrode substrate. A conductor for electrically connecting an electrode (not shown) formed on the electrode substrate 1 and an electrode (not shown) formed on the lower electrode substrate 2; 6 is a conductor on the lower electrode substrate 2; A thin electric body for electrically connecting the electrode and the electrode on the middle electrode substrate 3; 7 is the electrode on the upper electrode substrate 1 and the middle electrode substrate 3;
A conductor for electrically connecting the upper electrode, 8
is the peripheral facing portion 9 of the upper electrode substrate 1 and the lower electrode substrate 2
10 is a frame-shaped sealing body that does not include a gap spacer for airtightly sealing the middle electrode substrate 3, and 10 is a fixation formed by forming a sealing body 8 for fixing the middle electrode substrate 3 so as to be in contact with the middle electrode substrate 3. It is the body. 11 is a first cell composed of an upper electrode substrate 1 and a middle electrode substrate 3;
A second cell 2 is composed of a lower electrode substrate 2 and a middle electrode substrate 3, into which a liquid crystal composition (not shown) is injected. Since the first cell 11 and the second cell 12 are connected between the peripheral part of the middle electrode substrate 3 and the sealing body 8, the liquid crystal composition injected into the first cell 11 and the second cell 12 is the same. It is something.

FIG. 2 shows a liquid crystal display device showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which the same parts as in FIG. 1 are given the same numbers. 13 is a first middle electrode substrate having transparent electrodes on both sides; 14 is a second middle electrode substrate having transparent electrodes on both sides; 15 is a first cell composed of the upper electrode substrate 1 and the first middle electrode substrate 13; 16 is the first middle electrode substrate 1
3 and a second middle electrode substrate 14, 17 a third cell composed of a second middle electrode substrate 14 and a lower electrode substrate 2, and 18 a second middle electrode substrate 1.
4 a conductor for electrically connecting the upper electrode and the electrode on the lower electrode substrate 2; 19 electrically connecting the electrode on the upper electrode substrate 1 and the electrode on the second middle electrode substrate 14; 20 is a conductor for electrically connecting the electrode on the lower electrode substrate 2 and the electrode on the first middle electrode substrate 13; 21 is the electrode on the upper electrode substrate 1 and the first middle electrode. A conductor is used to electrically connect the electrodes on the substrate 13, 22 is an injection hole for injecting the liquid crystal composition, and 23 is a sealing member for hermetically sealing the injection hole. 1st cell 15, 2nd cell 1
6 and the third cell 17 are connected to the ends (side surfaces) of the first middle electrode substrate 13 and the second middle electrode substrate 14 and the sealed body 8.
Because they are connected by a space made up of
The same liquid crystal and composition are injected into each cell.

As is clear from the above description, according to the liquid crystal display element of the present invention, the middle electrode substrate is formed smaller than the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate, and the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate are formed at their opposing peripheral portions. Since it is sealed with a frame-shaped sealing body and the middle electrode substrate is fitted inside the frame-shaped sealing body, the number of steps for printing the sealing body is reduced. Furthermore, the printing area of the sealed body is reduced, and since each cell is in communication with each other, only one injection hole is required for injecting the liquid crystal composition, so that the reliability of hermetic sealing and the yield are improved. In addition, since it is not necessary to match the glass material for the middle electrode substrate with the glass material for the upper and lower electrode substrates, a glass material with high mechanical strength can be used.
A liquid crystal display element can be made thinner. Furthermore, since a glass material with a high yielding point can be used, it is possible to form a transparent conductive film by a dipping method, and the cost can be reduced. Further, it has various excellent effects such as simplifying the electrical connection method between the upper electrode substrate, the lower electrode substrate, and the middle electrode substrate.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 show first and second embodiments of a liquid crystal display element according to the present invention, in which a is a sectional view and b is a partial plan view, respectively. 1... Upper electrode substrate, 2... Lower electrode substrate, 3...
Middle electrode substrate, 8... Sealing body, 9... Opposing peripheral part,
13, 14... Middle electrode substrate, 18-21... Conductor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A liquid crystal display with a multilayer liquid crystal structure that utilizes the electro-optical effect of a liquid crystal composition injected and sealed between the upper and lower electrode substrates, with a middle electrode substrate interposed with a predetermined gap between the upper and lower electrode substrates. In the element, opposing peripheral parts of an upper electrode substrate and a lower electrode substrate are sealed with a frame-shaped sealing body, and the middle electrode substrate is fitted inside the frame-shaped sealing body, and a gap between the upper and lower electrode substrates is sealed. A liquid crystal display element characterized in that a spacer is provided and fixed.