JPS6159689B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a plant cultivation aid.

Important physiological processes related to plant growth include photosynthesis, respiration, and transpiration, which interact and operate in a complex manner. Among these, photosynthesis is the driving force behind plant growth, and during this photosynthesis process, along with the supply of carbon dioxide and water, electromagnetic energy (i.e., light energy) is effectively applied to photoactive substances contained in plant leaves. It is important that it is absorbed into the body. Moreover, the basic requirements for this are the wavelengths of visible light and near-infrared light, and the photosynthetic pigments contained in the leaves. In addition, water is a factor in the composition of photosynthetic pigments, and water constantly flows back into the plant as an H-donor during plant growth. In addition, water is originally a polar molecule (a structure of electric dipoles due to the uneven distribution of internal charges), and in addition to acting as an H-donor, it also acts as a sensitive resonance and exciton transfer due to changes in generated energy. It is involved in mediating the transmission (dipole-dipole), etc.

Currently, there are some preconceived notions regarding photosynthesis as follows.

(1) The rate of photosynthesis is determined by many internal and external factors. External factors include the intensity of light, carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, etc., and internal factors include the content of photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophylls, carotenoids, phycobilin, etc., and water.

(2) The initial reaction of photosynthesis involves the absorption and reflection of light.The green color of plant leaves is due to the fact that chlorophyll absorbs red light, which is the residual color of green, and the light in the green part is absorbed by other light. This is due to the fact that more light is reflected than the light from the area. Also, blue light catalytically enhances the quantum yield in red light.

(3) Water (H ₂ O) absorbs visible red light.
(This fact has recently been proven.) (4) Water is a good electrical conductor.

(5) In general, the stronger the light, the better plants grow. (With some exceptions) (6) More chloroplasts are contained on the underside of leaves than on the surface.

The reason why bathing light is important for plant growth (promotion of photosynthesis) is as follows.

Generally, due to the surrounding environment and the plant's original form, direct sunlight is generally directed inward from the outer surface of the plant. The shape of leaves is important because green plants play a role in receiving sunlight during the photosynthesis process for their biological maintenance and growth.

The shapes of leaves (single leaf, compound leaf) vary widely,
In general, the leaves (petioles) can be viewed from the node in an almost horizontal position with the branch as a fulcrum, or from a similar position to an upwardly oblique position, or in an upright form, or conversely from a horizontal position to a downwardly oblique position, etc., and the crown of the tree. Apart from differences in density, they can be roughly classified.

Furthermore, conventionally, plants (crops) have different growth rates and are difficult to cultivate.

Summarizing from conventional materials and observations, the leaves (petioles) of plants that are said to grow well (and are easy to cultivate) have angles ranging from nearly horizontal to upwardly oblique,
Or, it is often seen in a standing shape. On the other hand, leaves that are considered to have poor growth (difficult to cultivate) have horizontal or downwardly angled leaves. By analogy, it is thought that there is a correlation between the irradiation range and the amount of bathing light (the amount of light received) as a developmental aspect of the quality of growth (difficulty in cultivation). In other words, in the case of a plant that grows well, the irradiation range of sunlight is determined by the angular position and shape of the leaves, so that direct light does not only reach the surface of the leaf, but also reaches the underside of the leaf during certain times of the day. I'm reading. This front and back surface light reception is a reaction (molecular excitation) of photoactive substances contained in chloroplasts.
It is thought that the more the plant's function increases, the more efficiently a series of functions work together to maintain the organism and promote its growth, thus making cultivation easier. On the other hand, in the case of plants with poor growth, the irradiation range of sunlight is almost limited to the surface layer of the leaves due to the angular position and leaf shape of the leaves, and the amount of sunlight is less than that of plants with good growth. There are far fewer of them, and it is thought that the series of cooperative actions and mechanisms are suppressed, and growth is suppressed, making cultivation difficult.

Another example of a tree that is often seen on a daily basis but is surprisingly ignored is tree vigor (leaves) immediately after a short rainfall (shower).
There is a phenomenon in which it is lively. This is not only due to the fact that the trees are wet with rain, making them look more shiny and shiny, but also due to the following factors.

When we examine the surface of the earth immediately after rainfall, we find that the depth of precipitation is only about 1 to 2 cm at most. Despite the fact that the roots (hairy roots) of plants usually extend deeper, the tree becomes more active during a certain period of time immediately after rainfall. The following can be inferred from this phenomenon. In other words, it begins with the adhesion (stationary) water on the front and back surfaces of the leaves absorbing the red light from the irradiated light due to precipitation, and it is not possible to immediately determine the process through which this results in the activation of the tree's vigor, but in any case, It is thought that the light energy absorbed from the front and back surfaces of the leaves is absorbed into the interior of the plant. In addition, even in the repeated short-term squalls that often occur in tropical regions, water attached to the leaves is supplied repeatedly, judging from the vigorous growth of the trees. In other words, water is constantly attached to the leaves. It is thought that being familiar with the situation is having a positive effect.

From the above, on the contrary, water is attached to the front and back surfaces of the leaves,
It has been found that tree vigor can be activated by absorbing sufficient light, and this supports existing concepts regarding photosynthesis such as ``the stronger the light, the better the plants will grow'' (with some exceptions). This is also supported by the following.

The present invention has been made based on the above recognition, and the configuration and usage examples of the present invention will be described below.

This invention is based on a low-density crosslinked material having high water absorption, special water retention, and moderate adhesion, such as a natural starch (95% or more)-polyacrylonitrile graft polymer, which has a red color or blue-green color. A powder-like substrate containing a pigment is prepared. Disperse this in water and use a sprayer, sprinkler, etc.
Spray and adhere to the front and back surfaces of plant leaves.

This substrate retains several hundred times its own weight in water at the time of the atomization, and as time passes, only the moisture is absorbed, and the moisture content decreases through evaporation, but the substrate remains attached. After checking the dry state, etc., use precipitation or, if precipitation is not expected, sprinkle water to keep the substrate in a sufficient water-retaining state.

In addition, as the leaves grow, the leaves also elongate, and the adhesion density on the leaves of the substrate becomes smaller than the initial spreading density.Also, some parts may come off due to watering (precipitation), etc. will also come out, so depending on the state of growth, etc., you can spray and attach it again according to the original procedure.
In addition, since natural starch is used as a low-density cross-linked material to ensure that this drug adheres well to the front and back surfaces of plant leaves, there is a concern that the areas where the additive is present are more likely to harbor bacteria and pests. This aid must contain a bactericide or insecticide that is compatible with the plant.

By spraying and adhering aids containing these chemicals as described above, the water zones containing pigments and water that have stagnated on both the front and back sides of leaves receive electromagnetic energy such as sunlight and undergo photosynthesis. It effectively absorbs the effective spectrum and supplies it to the central part of the photosynthetic action inside the leaf, thereby further promoting the photosynthetic action that the plant inherently possesses.

As explained above, the present invention is used to promote photosynthesis by spraying it on the surface and underside of leaves of plants in a state where it is dispersed in water. The low-density cross-linked material with adhesive properties contains a red or blue-green pigment as well as an appropriate bactericidal (insect) agent, and the entire product is in powder form, so when used,
By dispersing this in water and spraying it on the front and back surfaces of the leaves of the target plant using an appropriate sprayer, the red color contained in the low-density crosslinked material can be applied even when the amount of sunlight is insufficient. In addition to efficiently absorbing green light or red light, the low-density crosslinked material retains a large amount of water (several hundred times its own weight) that absorbs red light in the visible range. By efficiently absorbing light, photosynthesis can be promoted and plant growth can be assisted. Furthermore, since this aid uses natural starch as a base material, there is not only concern about the occurrence of bacteria and pests on the sprayed surface, but also the presence of bacteria and pests caused by other causes. It is made to contain. The above functions multifacetedly in the growth process of plants, making cultivation more efficient. Moreover, since it is in powder form, it can be stored for a long period of time, and it can be handled in the same way as powdered fertilizer and can be conveniently sold and stored.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A low-density cross-linked material that is dispersed in water and sprayed onto the surface of plant leaves to promote photosynthesis, and that has high water absorption, continuous water retention, and appropriate adhesion. Sterilization by adding red or blue pigment to objects (insects)
A plant cultivation aid that contains a chemical agent and is in the form of a powder.