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JPS6159738B2 - - Google Patents
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JPS6159738B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6159738B2
JPS6159738B2 JP53051599A JP5159978A JPS6159738B2 JP S6159738 B2 JPS6159738 B2 JP S6159738B2 JP 53051599 A JP53051599 A JP 53051599A JP 5159978 A JP5159978 A JP 5159978A JP S6159738 B2 JPS6159738 B2 JP S6159738B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
heat
container
blood
sealing
film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP53051599A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS54144275A (en
Inventor
Takeo Oohira
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toppan Inc
Original Assignee
Toppan Printing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toppan Printing Co Ltd filed Critical Toppan Printing Co Ltd
Priority to JP5159978A priority Critical patent/JPS54144275A/en
Publication of JPS54144275A publication Critical patent/JPS54144275A/en
Publication of JPS6159738B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6159738B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

この発明は約200℃の高温から液体窒素温度約
−196℃の極低温で使用可能な耐熱耐極低温性容
器に関し、特に血液その他の生理学的溶液の凍結
保存用等に適したプラスチツク容器に関する。 従来、血液の保存方法として、ACD抗凝剤に
よる血液保存法(ACD溶液を収容したガラスび
ん又は軟質塩化ビニル製容器中で4〜6℃で保存
する方法)、緩速凍結法(−80ないし−85℃で軟
質塩化ビニル製容器中で保存する方法)等が知ら
れているが、前者の方法は保存中に血液の代謝が
進行し、血液の使用可能期間が採血後21日間と短
く、後者の方法は高濃度グリセリン等の凍害防止
剤を添加するため、使用時その洗浄によつて赤血
球回収率が低くなり、赤血球の質も数年で低下し
てしまうなどの欠点があり、いずれの方法も長期
間の血液保存法としては適していない。 そのため、血液等の生理学的溶液を液体窒素中
で瞬間凍結し、−170ないし−200℃程度の極低温
下で保存する急速凍結保存法が開発されている。
しかし、この場合、このような極低温に耐え、か
つ高温滅菌処理が可能で、しかも使用上簡便な保
存用容器が必要となる。たとえば従来の血液保存
用に使用されている軟質塩化ビニル製容器は−
196℃の極低温においては耐性を有せず、凍結時
において、僅から衝撃によつても亀裂が生じてし
まう。また、アルミニウム、ステンレススチール
等の金属製の容器は加工上、容器の注出入口部の
封緘、開封が困難となり、容器内に液体窒素が流
入してしまうおそれもあり、また不透明なため保
存液の状態を外から見ることができないという問
題があるとともに、製造費が高価となる。 この発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであ
つて、200℃程度の高温および−200℃程度の極低
温での使用に耐えることができ、また急速凍結、
急速解凍における急激な温度変化にも耐えること
ができ、かつ製造上簡単であり、収容する生理学
的溶液に対し悪影響を及ぼすおそれのない透明性
の良好な容器を提供することを目的とする。 すなわち、この発明はエチレン―4弗化エチレ
ン共重合体からなる内層と該内層の外側に積層さ
れたポリイミド樹脂層とによつて形成されている
ことを特徴とする耐熱耐極低温性容器を提供する
ものである。 一般に耐高低温性の良好なブラスチツク材料と
して弗素系樹脂が知られており、本発明で用いら
れるエチレン―4弗化エチレン共重合体
(ETFE)のほか、ポリ塩化3弗化エチレン
(PCTFE)、4弗化エチレン―6弗化プロピレン
共重合体(FEP)、パーフルオロアルコキシ樹脂
(PFA)等があるが、PCTFEは融点が210〜225
℃と低く、熱融着加工は容易であるが、乾熱滅菌
処理(180℃、1時間)において樹脂相互の融着
現象が発生し、また樹脂自体は低温で脆化しない
が、熱シール部分の結晶化の進行あるいは熱分解
によつて強度が低下するおそれがあり、汎用のヒ
ートシーラによる安定的シール作業が困難であり
好ましくない。また、FEPは融点が290℃で、シ
ール温度が300〜340℃と高く、シール作業性が劣
り、抗張力も比較的大きく、また伸びも大きく、
急速凍結速度を遅くしない程度の厚み(約0.1mm
以下)ではシール強度の十分なものが得られな
い。PFAは融点が302〜310℃と更に高く。シー
ル温度は350℃以上になりシール作業性が悪くな
ると共に、他の材料と積層化する為にはエツチン
グ処理等が必要となるなど制約が大きい。これら
に対してETFEは265〜270℃という適度な融点を
有し、+200℃までの高温滅菌操作に充分適合する
と共に、融点以上300℃以下の条件で比較的容易
に熱融着が可能で、かつ0.05mm厚のフイルムで6
Kg/15mm以上のシール強度を有し、他の
PCTFE,FEP,PFAがせいぜい3Kg/15mm以下
のシール強度しか得られないことと比較して薄膜
使用が可能でありこの点からも急速法凍結バツク
用内層材としてすぐれている。ETFEは−196℃
の極低温においても柔軟で良好な物理的性質を保
持し、又毒性も寡少で衛生性も良く、また水蒸気
透過率も低く、長期間血液を保存したとしても血
液成分の変質はほとんどなく問題とならない。 この発明で用いられるETFE層の厚みはシール
強度の点から0.030mm以上が好ましく、また、急
速凍結を容易にするための観点から0.075mm以下
とすることが好ましい。 このETFEは単層のフイルムとして袋状にする
ことも可能であるが、ヒートシールあるいはイン
パルスシール時の熱と圧力によつてシール部分が
薄くなり、この部分が切れ易くなり、シール強度
が得られないおそれがあり、またシール時にフイ
ルムがシールバーへ付着して連続的に安定したシ
ール作業が困難となり、シール面も汚れるおそれ
がある。そのため、この発明においてはこの
ETFEの外側にポリイミド樹脂を積層することに
よつて、これらの問題の解決が図られている。 ポリイミド樹脂はほとんど融点を示さず、420
℃まで分解しない著るしい耐熱性を有し、かつ非
常に強じん物性を有するから、シール時にシール
バーへ付着することなく、内層のETFEフイルム
のシール部分の薄膜化を最小限に抑えることが可
能となる。さらにポリイミド樹脂フイルムは4〓
液体ヘリウム温度においても柔軟性を有する極低
温耐性を有しており、本発明の目的とする約200
℃ないし−200℃の範囲での使用上全く問題はな
い。また、ポリイミド樹脂は同じ厚さのETFEフ
イルムの5〜10倍の引張り強度を有しているか
ら、容器全体の強度を著るしく増大させることが
できる。ポリイミド樹脂からなる外層は0.01〜
0.075mmの範囲で用いることが好ましいが、さら
に、容器のシール部の安定性、強度および熱伝導
性からETFE内層は比較的厚くし、ポリイミド樹
脂外層は比較的薄くするようにして積層すること
が好ましい。なお、ポリイミド樹脂は通常着色し
ているが、0.05mmの厚さのもので曇度、約5%で
あり、透明性の点でも特に問題はない。このよう
な積層体シートを用いて袋状容器とする場合図面
に示すようにエチレン―4弗化エチレン共重合体
フイルム1とポリイミド樹脂フイルム2とをまず
耐熱性、耐極低温性の反応硬化型接着剤3、たと
えばポリエステル系、ポリウレタン系あるいはエ
ポキシ系接着剤を用いて積層体とし、この積層体
のエチレン―4弗化エチレン共重合体フイルム1
面が相接するように重合させ、かつ、その間の適
当個所に液体注入口、注出口4を介在させた状態
で周囲をヒートシールすれば袋状の容器とするこ
とができる。この容器は血液等を収容する場合、
あらかじめ蒸気滅菌あるいは乾燥滅菌処理して使
用に供せられる。 実施例 1 片面をコロナ放電処理した厚さ0.05mmのエチレ
ン―4弗化エチレンコーポリマーフイルム(旭硝
子(株)製アレツクス、商標、4弗化エチレンがモル
比で40〜60%のもの)とポリエステルイソシアネ
ート系接着剤3g/m2塗布した厚さ0.025mmの芳
香族ポリイミドフイルム(Du pont社製
KaptonH、商標、ピロメリツト酸無水物とジア
ミノジフエニルエーテルの縮重合体)を貼り合
せ、2層の積層フイルムを得た。これにエチレン
―4弗化エチレンコーポリマー製の注出・注入用
口部を取りつけた後、ETFE層を内側にして熱封
緘し400ml用血液バツグ(実容量1000ml)を得
た。この袋を180℃−1時間乾熱滅菌した後、赤
血球濃厚液400mlを入れ、さらに29%グリセリン
液400mlを加えた後、口部を熱封緘し、金網製ホ
ルダーで袋体の厚みを2cmに規制しつつ液体窒素
槽に垂直に投入し、瞬間凍結させた。凍結は約2
分で完了した。凍結した血液バツグを金網をはず
して液体窒素保存槽に移し換え、2日間−196℃
で保存したのち+40℃の温水中で解凍した。これ
らの工程中急激な温度変化及び衝撃を受けたにも
かかわらず本発明による袋体は破損、シール部の
剥離、内容物の流出等の問題はなく良好であつ
た。また−196℃で6ケ月間保存した後解凍した
ところ赤血球回収率も問題はなかつた。 さらに、この実施例で得た袋体について毒性試
験(細胞毒性、溶血性)、溶出物試験、赤血球生
存試験、血小板生存試験(リースエツカー法)、
トリグリセライド定量試験、UV吸収試験、血液
凝固試験、血清保存試験、微生物透過試験、カビ
低抗試験を所定の方法でおこなつた結果、全く異
常は認められなかつた。 実施例 2 下記表に示す構成からなるサンプル(容量、
1000ml)の袋体を作り、これに水:グリセリン=
1:1の溶液を800ml充填したのち、ヒートシー
ルし、これら袋体を金属ホルダーで2cmの厚さに
規制しつつ、液体窒素中に垂直に投入して瞬間凍
結し、凍結時間を測定した。さらに、上記液体窒
素中での瞬間凍結、40℃温水中での解凍を3回繰
り返し、サーマルシヨツクテストをおこない、シ
ール部の剥離の発生および袋体の破損の有無を調
べた。さらに同様にして液体窒素中5分間で完全
に凍結をおこなつたのち、直ちに引き出し、30cm
の高さからコンクリート面に対し、袋体の底部融
着部が当るように垂直に落下させ亀裂、破袋の有
無を調べた。その結果を下記表に示す。
The present invention relates to a heat-resistant and cryogenic-resistant container that can be used at temperatures ranging from a high temperature of about 200°C to an extremely low temperature of liquid nitrogen temperature of about -196°C, and particularly relates to a plastic container suitable for cryopreservation of blood and other physiological solutions. Conventional blood preservation methods include blood preservation using ACD anticoagulant (storage at 4 to 6°C in a glass bottle or soft vinyl chloride container containing ACD solution), and slow freezing (-80 to 60°C). Methods such as storing the blood in a soft vinyl chloride container at -85°C are known; however, in the former method, blood metabolism progresses during storage, and the usable period of blood is only 21 days after blood collection. The latter method involves the addition of a cryoprotectant such as high-concentration glycerin, which has the drawbacks of a low red blood cell recovery rate due to washing during use, and the quality of red blood cells deteriorates over several years. This method is also not suitable for long-term blood preservation. Therefore, a rapid cryopreservation method has been developed in which physiological solutions such as blood are flash frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at extremely low temperatures of about -170 to -200°C.
However, in this case, a storage container is required that can withstand such extremely low temperatures, can be sterilized at high temperatures, and is easy to use. For example, the soft vinyl chloride containers used for conventional blood storage are
It is not resistant to extremely low temperatures of 196°C, and even the slightest impact can cause cracks when frozen. Additionally, due to the processing of metal containers such as aluminum and stainless steel, it is difficult to seal and open the spout opening of the container, which may cause liquid nitrogen to flow into the container, and the opaque nature of the storage solution There is a problem that the state cannot be seen from the outside, and manufacturing costs are high. This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and can withstand use at high temperatures of around 200°C and extremely low temperatures of around -200°C, and can also be used in quick freezing and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a container with good transparency that can withstand rapid temperature changes during rapid thawing, is simple to manufacture, and has no adverse effect on the physiological solution contained therein. That is, the present invention provides a heat-resistant and cryogenic-resistant container characterized by being formed of an inner layer made of an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and a polyimide resin layer laminated on the outside of the inner layer. It is something to do. Fluorine-based resins are generally known as plastic materials with good high and low temperature resistance, and in addition to the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) used in the present invention, polychlorinated trifluoroethylene (PCTFE), There are tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymers (FEP), perfluoroalkoxy resins (PFA), etc., but PCTFE has a melting point of 210 to 225.
℃, making heat-sealing easy, but during dry heat sterilization (180℃, 1 hour), resins fuse together, and although the resin itself does not become brittle at low temperatures, heat-sealed parts There is a risk that the strength will decrease due to the progress of crystallization or thermal decomposition, and stable sealing with a general-purpose heat sealer is difficult and undesirable. In addition, FEP has a melting point of 290℃, a high sealing temperature of 300-340℃, poor sealing workability, relatively high tensile strength, and high elongation.
Thickness that does not slow down the rapid freezing speed (approximately 0.1 mm)
(below) does not provide sufficient seal strength. PFA has an even higher melting point of 302-310℃. The sealing temperature is 350°C or higher, which impairs sealing workability, and there are many restrictions, such as the need for etching treatment in order to laminate with other materials. On the other hand, ETFE has a moderate melting point of 265-270℃, is fully compatible with high-temperature sterilization operations up to +200℃, and can be heat-fused relatively easily under conditions above the melting point and below 300℃. and 0.05mm thick film 6
Kg/15mm or more sealing strength, other
Compared to PCTFE, FEP, and PFA, which can only achieve a seal strength of 3 kg/15 mm or less, it is possible to use a thin film, and from this point of view, it is excellent as an inner layer material for rapid freezing bags. ETFE is −196℃
It is flexible and maintains good physical properties even at extremely low temperatures, is less toxic, has good hygiene, and has a low water vapor permeability, so even if blood is stored for a long time, there is almost no deterioration of blood components and there is no problem. It won't happen. The thickness of the ETFE layer used in this invention is preferably 0.030 mm or more from the viewpoint of seal strength, and preferably 0.075 mm or less from the viewpoint of facilitating rapid freezing. This ETFE can be made into a single-layer film in the form of a bag, but the heat and pressure during heat sealing or impulse sealing thins the sealed part, making it easy to break and making it difficult to obtain seal strength. There is also a risk that the film will adhere to the seal bar during sealing, making it difficult to perform a continuous and stable sealing operation, and the sealing surface may also become dirty. Therefore, in this invention, this
These problems are solved by laminating polyimide resin on the outside of ETFE. Polyimide resin has almost no melting point, 420
It has remarkable heat resistance that does not decompose up to ℃, and has extremely strong physical properties, so it does not stick to the seal bar during sealing and can minimize the thinning of the sealing part of the inner layer ETFE film. It becomes possible. Furthermore, polyimide resin film is 4〓
It has cryogenic resistance with flexibility even at liquid helium temperatures, and has approximately 200
There is no problem in using it in the temperature range of ℃ to -200℃. Furthermore, since polyimide resin has a tensile strength 5 to 10 times that of ETFE film of the same thickness, the strength of the entire container can be significantly increased. The outer layer made of polyimide resin is 0.01~
It is preferable to use within the range of 0.075 mm, but in addition, from the viewpoint of stability, strength, and thermal conductivity of the sealing part of the container, it is possible to laminate the inner layer of ETFE to be relatively thick and the outer layer of polyimide resin to be relatively thin. preferable. Note that although polyimide resin is usually colored, it has a haze of about 5% with a thickness of 0.05 mm, and there is no particular problem in terms of transparency. When making a bag-like container using such a laminate sheet, as shown in the drawing, an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer film 1 and a polyimide resin film 2 are first made into a heat-resistant, cryogenic-resistant reaction-curing type film. A laminate is formed using an adhesive 3, such as a polyester, polyurethane, or epoxy adhesive, and the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer film 1 of this laminate is
A bag-shaped container can be obtained by polymerizing the two surfaces so that they are in contact with each other and heat-sealing the periphery with a liquid inlet and an outlet 4 interposed at appropriate locations between them. When this container contains blood, etc.,
It is steam sterilized or dry sterilized before use. Example 1 An ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer film with a thickness of 0.05 mm (trade name: Arex, manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., containing 40 to 60% tetrafluoroethylene in molar ratio), which was treated with corona discharge on one side, and polyester. Aromatic polyimide film (manufactured by Du Pont) with a thickness of 0.025 mm coated with 3 g/ m2 of isocyanate adhesive.
Kapton H (trade name, condensation polymer of pyromellitic anhydride and diaminodiphenyl ether) was laminated to obtain a two-layer laminated film. After attaching a spout/injection port made of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer to this, the bag was heat-sealed with the ETFE layer inside to obtain a 400 ml blood bag (actual volume: 1000 ml). After sterilizing this bag with dry heat at 180℃ for 1 hour, add 400ml of concentrated red blood cell solution, then add 400ml of 29% glycerin solution, heat seal the opening, and make the bag 2cm thick with a wire mesh holder. It was placed vertically into a liquid nitrogen tank under controlled conditions and flash frozen. Freezing is about 2
Done in minutes. Remove the wire mesh from the frozen blood bag, transfer it to a liquid nitrogen storage tank, and store it at -196℃ for 2 days.
It was stored in warm water at +40°C and thawed. Despite being subjected to rapid temperature changes and shocks during these steps, the bags according to the present invention were in good condition without any problems such as breakage, peeling of the seal, or leakage of the contents. Furthermore, when the sample was stored at -196°C for 6 months and then thawed, there was no problem in the recovery rate of red blood cells. Furthermore, the bag obtained in this example was tested for toxicity (cytotoxicity, hemolysis), eluate test, red blood cell survival test, platelet survival test (Riesetsker method),
A triglyceride quantitative test, UV absorption test, blood coagulation test, serum preservation test, microbial permeation test, and mold resistance test were conducted using the prescribed methods, and no abnormalities were observed. Example 2 A sample consisting of the configuration shown in the table below (capacity,
Make a bag of 1000ml) and add water:glycerin=
After filling 800 ml of a 1:1 solution, the bags were heat-sealed, and while regulating the thickness to 2 cm with a metal holder, they were placed vertically into liquid nitrogen to flash freeze, and the freezing time was measured. Furthermore, the above flash freezing in liquid nitrogen and thawing in 40°C warm water were repeated three times, and a thermal shock test was conducted to check for peeling of the seal and damage to the bag. In the same manner, after completely freezing in liquid nitrogen for 5 minutes, immediately remove it and
The bag was dropped vertically onto a concrete surface from a height of 100 ft, so that the bottom fused part of the bag touched it, and the presence or absence of cracks or broken bags was examined. The results are shown in the table below.

【表】 この実験から本発明に係わる試料A〜Dのもの
は低温強度、熱伝導性等において満足なものであ
つたが、参考例(E〜G)のものは熱伝導性ある
いは低温強度が劣り、実用上好ましいものでなか
つた。 (注)…実施例1で用いたものと同様のETFEお
よびポリイミド樹脂を使用した。 以上詳述したように本発明に係わる耐熱耐極低
温性容器はヒートシール性が良好で、製造上も簡
単であり、しかも200℃の高温滅菌操作に耐えさ
らに、−200℃の極低温下でも柔軟性、および十分
な機械的強度を有し、さらに毒性等の問題もな
く、赤血球等の回収率も良好であるなど種々の利
点を有し、特に生理学的溶液の保存用容器として
好適なものである。
[Table] From this experiment, samples A to D related to the present invention were satisfactory in low temperature strength, thermal conductivity, etc., but reference examples (E to G) had poor thermal conductivity or low temperature strength. It was inferior and not practically preferable. (Note)...ETFE and polyimide resin similar to those used in Example 1 were used. As detailed above, the heat-resistant and cryogenic-resistant container according to the present invention has good heat-sealability, is easy to manufacture, and can withstand high-temperature sterilization operations at 200°C, and can even be used at extremely low temperatures of -200°C. It has various advantages such as flexibility and sufficient mechanical strength, no problems such as toxicity, and a good recovery rate of red blood cells, etc., and is particularly suitable as a storage container for physiological solutions. It is.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図面は本発明に係わる耐熱耐極低温性容器の断
面図である。 1……ETFEフイルム、2……ポリイミド樹脂
フイルム、3……接着剤、4……液体注出入口。
The drawing is a sectional view of a heat-resistant and cryogenic-resistant container according to the present invention. 1...ETFE film, 2...polyimide resin film, 3...adhesive, 4...liquid pouring inlet.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 エチレン―4弗化エチレン共重合体からなる
厚み0.030ないし0.075mmの内層と、該内層の外側
に積層された厚み0.01ないし0.075mmのポリイミ
ド樹脂層とによつて形成されていることを特徴と
する生理学的溶液の凍結保存用容器。
1. It is characterized by being formed of an inner layer made of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer with a thickness of 0.030 to 0.075 mm, and a polyimide resin layer with a thickness of 0.01 to 0.075 mm laminated on the outside of the inner layer. container for cryopreservation of physiological solutions.
JP5159978A 1978-04-28 1978-04-28 Container resistant to heat and very low temperature Granted JPS54144275A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5159978A JPS54144275A (en) 1978-04-28 1978-04-28 Container resistant to heat and very low temperature

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5159978A JPS54144275A (en) 1978-04-28 1978-04-28 Container resistant to heat and very low temperature

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS54144275A JPS54144275A (en) 1979-11-10
JPS6159738B2 true JPS6159738B2 (en) 1986-12-17

Family

ID=12891360

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP5159978A Granted JPS54144275A (en) 1978-04-28 1978-04-28 Container resistant to heat and very low temperature

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS54144275A (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5967960A (en) * 1982-10-09 1984-04-17 テルモ株式会社 Blood preserving container
JPS6176152A (en) * 1984-09-25 1986-04-18 学校法人東京女子医科大学 Medical tube
TW200708304A (en) * 2005-03-25 2007-03-01 Nipro Corp Package of freeze storage container and process for producing the same
TW200708305A (en) * 2005-03-25 2007-03-01 Nipro Corp Freeze storage container and process for producing the same
JP5028853B2 (en) * 2005-04-26 2012-09-19 ダイキン工業株式会社 Bag for heat treatment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS54144275A (en) 1979-11-10

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