JPS6211124B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a quantitative water distribution device that supplies water from a main waterway to a branch waterway by utilizing a water level difference.

As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional device of this type has a still water tank 33 between a main waterway 31 and a branch waterway 32, and a still water tank 33 is provided at an inlet 34 for taking in water from the main waterway 31 of the still water tank 33. There is one in which a valve body 37 (most of its bottom surface forming a flat surface) is movable up and down and is interlocked with a float 35 floating on the water surface of a water tank 33 via a lever 36. In a continuous equilibrium state, this type of water level x of the main waterway 31
(distance from the center of the outlet 38 of the still water tank 33 to the water surface of the water channel 31: hereinafter this term "water level" will be used in the same manner) increases, the water level y of the still water tank rises, and the float 35 is raised, and the valve body 37 is lowered using the lever 36, thereby restricting the amount of water flowing into the still water tank 33 _Q1 , suppressing the extreme rise in the water level y, and approximately stabilizing the water level y. , to adjust the amount of water flowing out from the outlet 38 to the branch waterway, that is, the water diversion amount _Q2 .

Here, the inflow amount Q ₁ of the above is calculated as follows, where d is the diameter of the valve body 37, δ is the opening degree of the valve body 37, S' is the inflow water passage area, C ₁ is the flow coefficient, and g is the gravitational acceleration. ₁ = C ₁ S'√2(-) ...(1), and since S' = πdδ, equation (1) becomes Q ₁ = C ₁ πdδ√2(-) ...(2) Become.

The valve body 37 has a water pressure p corresponding to the water surface of the static water tank 33.
is received at its bottom surface, and the water pressure p changes due to changes in the water surface of the still water tank 33 due to changes in the water surface of the main waterway 31. Strictly speaking, the external force that pushes up the valve body 37 from below changes. Depending on the lever 36
The amount of water immersion of the floats 35 connected at is also changed. However, this amount of change is small, and the float 35
Since the relative position of the static water tank 33 with respect to the water surface is considered to be almost constant, changes in the water level y caused by changes in the water level δ and water level y
δ=K′(y ₀ −y) ...(3) holds between. Here, K' is a constant determined by the lever ratio, and y ₀ is the static water tank 3 when the valve body 37 is just closed.
This is the upper limit water level of 3.

Therefore, from equations (2) and (3), we get S′=πdK′(y ₀ −y) ……(4), and from this we get Q ₁ =C ₁ πdK′(y ₀ −y) ……(5) It can be grown.

On the other hand, for the outflow amount Q ₂ , the cross-sectional area of the outflow port 38 is A',
If the flow coefficient is C ₂ , then Q ₂ = C ₂ A′√2 ……(6).

In continuous equilibrium state, inflow Q ₁ = outflow Q ₂
Therefore, from equations (5) and (6) above, becomes. Here, everything other than x and y are constants determined by the equipment, so under normal usage conditions, that is, when the distance x is finite and the degree of closure δ≠0, if the upstream water level x changes, The downstream water level y also changes, so it is clear from equation (6) that the outflow Q ₂ is not quantitative.

Of course, if the opening degree δ of the valve body 37 is narrowed down to a sufficiently small value and the opening degree δ is used as approximately 0, then y≒y ₀ from equation (3), and y becomes approximately constant, so from equation (6), The quantity Q ₂ can be approximately quantified.

However, in order to obtain the required water amount Q ₁ in this case, δ → 0 in equation (2), and the diameter d of the valve body 37 cannot be made large due to space and cost considerations. loss xy
must be taken large.

Also, assuming that the water level z of the branch waterway 32 is the water level z' above the outlet 38, equation (6) becomes Q ₂ = C ₂ A'√2(-') ...(6)', and the water level Since z' is not constant, the outflow Q ₂ is not constant, so the water level z must always be located below the outlet 38 by y', which causes a head loss y + y'. .

From the above, the above is water level x and water level z
The water head loss xy in the valve body 37 between
The main waterway 31 is the high water level difference that can set the water head x + y', which is the sum of the water head loss y + y' at the downstream water level.
and the branch waterway 32, quantitative water diversion is only possible for the first time, and at low water level differences, the water head loss becomes large and the water diversion does not function as a quantitative water diversion. If the water level of the main waterway 31 is high and the valve body 37 is submerged below the water level, the water pressure of the main waterway will push down the valve body 37 and the balance between the float 35 and the valve body 37 will be lost. hand,
Even equation (7) does not hold, so in order to avoid this problem, the valve body 37 must be made long so that the apex of the valve body 37 always protrudes from the water surface.

This invention eliminates the drawbacks of the above-mentioned conventional ones, reduces the height of the still water tank installed between the main waterway and the branch waterway, makes the valve body small, and maintains a continuous equilibrium state. In this method, the amount of water supplied from the main waterway to the branch waterway can always be kept constant regardless of changes in the water level difference between the main waterway and the branch waterway, and moreover, it is possible to keep the amount of water supplied from the main waterway to the branch waterway constant, and to prevent foreign matter from entering the water pipe connecting the main waterway and the still water tank. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a quantitative water separation device that does not cause precipitation.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 2, 1 is a main waterway, 2 is a branch waterway, and 3 is a still water tank provided between the main waterway 1 and the branch waterway 2, which communicates with the main waterway 1 through a water conduit 4, and an outflow pipe 5. It communicates with branch waterway 2 through.

The water guide pipe 4 extends into the still water tank 3, and its tip is closed by a cover plate 6, and has a through hole 7 that penetrates the pipe wall in the still water tank 3 in the vertical direction. A hollow cylindrical valve body 8 whose upper and lower ends are open is fitted into the hole 7 so as to be movable up and down. The valve body 8 has an inverted V-shaped notch 9 that widens downward toward the bottom at the lower end of the wall, and the two openings 10 formed by the notch 9 allow for The amount of water from the water pipe 4 is controlled so that it flows into the still water tank 3 through the inside of the valve body 8. Note that the opening 10 may be provided at any number of locations.

The outflow pipe 5 has a distal end opening on the still water tank side arranged vertically upward, and an overflow weir 11 is slidably inserted into this opening. Two identical floats 12, 12' are floated on the water surface of the still water tank 3, and a substrate 12, 12', which connects both floats 12, 12', is floated on the water surface of the still water tank 3.
3 is fixed. The overflow weir 11 is suspended from the base plate 13 by an upper arm 14 and an adjustment bolt 15 so as to be located between the floats 12 and 12'. The flow weir 11 is slid in a direction perpendicular to the base plate 13, the overflow water depth h is finely adjusted and set to a predetermined height, and the amount of water in the still water tank 3 is controlled to flow through the outflow pipe 5 into the branch waterway 2. It is starting to flow to The base plate 13 is pivotally supported via a support rod 18 to one end of a lever 17 that is swingably attached to a support portion 16 of the still water tank 3, and is connected to the upper end of the valve body 8 at the other end of the lever 17. A suspension rod 20 having a turnbuckle 19 is attached to hang the valve body 8. As the floats 12 and 12' move up and down, a lever 17 is swung, and the valve body 8 is moved up and down to open the opening 10. It is designed to adjust the size of the

In the above, from the main waterway 1 to the water conduit 4
The water sent through the inverted V-shaped opening 10 of the valve body 8 enters the static water tank 3 via the valve body 8, and the water that flows into the tank 3 overflows the overflow weir 11. It flows out into the branch waterway 2 through the outflow pipe 5.

In this case, since the valve body 8 contacts the water on the main line side only with its outer vertical cylindrical surface, it does not receive buoyancy from the water on the main line side, but the water in the still water tank 3 , and the overflow weir 11 similarly receives a buoyancy force, and the magnitude of these buoyancy forces is constant regardless of the positions of the valve body 8 and the overflow weir 11.

Therefore, the load applied to the floats 12, 12' remains constant regardless of changes in the water level y, and the amount of water submerged in the floats 12, 12' remains almost unchanged, so the once set overflow water depth h remains constant. Then,
Since the amount of overflow Q ₂ is a function of water depth h,
The outflow amount Q ₂ is constant regardless of the water level z of the branch waterway 2 (≒ the water level inside the overflow weir 11).

Expressing this mathematically, the inflow amount Q ₁ is expressed as Q ₁ =CnS√2(−) (8). Here, C is the flow coefficient, n is the number of inverted V-shaped openings 10, and S is the opening area of one opening 10.

In addition, in FIG. 4, the ratio of the base b to the height a of the opening 10 is set to E, and when the water level y rises to the upper limit water level y ₀ , the upper end 10' of the opening 10 is just connected to the lower part of the water conduit 4. Assuming that it coincides with the top surface of the seat (A=0), and the amplification ratio by the lever 17 (=valve body displacement/float displacement) is m, then S=1/2ab, E=b/a to A=1/ 2Ea ² , and S=E/2m ² (y ₀ −y) ² ...(9), and by eliminating S from equations (7) and (8) above, we get Q ₁ = CnE・m ² (y ₀ −y) ² √(2)(
−y) ...(10). Incidentally, the inflow amount Q ₁ is equal to the outflow amount Q ₂ in a continuous equilibrium state as in the case shown in the first diagram, and this outflow amount Q ₂ is equal to the overflow water depth h as described above.
is constant because it is constant. Therefore(10)
In the formula, the inflow Q ₁ is constant, and everything other than x and y are constants determined by the equipment, so as long as the water surface of the still water tank 3 is above the water surface of the overflow weir 11, the magnitude of the water level difference x-y Accordingly, the range of fluctuation y ₀ −y of the water level in the still water tank 3 is automatically decreased or expanded.

This reduction or expansion of y ₀ −y is performed by expanding or reducing the opening area S of the opening 10 by raising or lowering the valve body 8. In this respect, the device of the present invention also There is no change in conventional equipment.

However, in the case of the conventional valve body 37, as is clear from equation (4), the opening area S' is proportional to (y ₀ - y), whereas the opening area of the valve body 8 of the present invention is As is clear from equation (10), S is proportional to (y ₀ - y) ² , so the range of variation in water level y is assumed to be extremely small compared to the range of variation in water level x, and in reality the former is several meters. In contrast, the latter was found to be only a few centimeters in size.

FIG. 7 shows a comparison of the accuracy of the outflow amount Q ₂ between this embodiment and the conventional device (FIG. 1). That is, at x/y ₀ = 10 (point P in Fig. 7), for this embodiment and the conventional device that produce the same outflow amount Qp, when x/y ₀ of both changes,
Changes in Q ₂ /Qp are expressed as lines BP and AP (in this case, Q ₂ is obtained by calculating the change in y due to changes in x using equation (7) and substituting this y into equation (6)). It is expressed in this way.

For example, when x/y ₀ = 2, the conventional device
Q ₂ /Qp = 0.9 (point A), whereas in this example Q ₂ /Qp = 1 (point B), and in the conventional device, this value does not change along the line AP. In this embodiment, if x/y ₀ >1, Q ₂ /Qp will always be 1 regardless of its change. In other words, while the conventional device cannot maintain a constant outflow accuracy, especially when the water level x of the main waterway is low, the device of the present invention maintains a constant outflow accuracy when x > y ₀ . dripping

In this embodiment, the diagonal lines of the opening 10 are all linear, but they may be curved outward.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the overflow weir, in which a telescopic bellows 21 and a pipe 22 having the same diameter as the outflow pipe 5 are connected in place of the fit-in type overflow weir 11. This constitutes an overflow weir 23, which is connected to the floats 12, 12' by a connector (not shown) and is attached to the opening of the outflow pipe 5. Overflow weir 2
Even if 3 is configured as described above, it is possible to keep the overflow water depth h constant without causing any change.

Moreover, FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the valve body,
In the valve body 8' of FIG. 6, instead of the opening 10 having the inverted V-shaped cutout surface 9, an opening 25 is formed by a horizontal upper end surface 24 and both vertical side surfaces 26. Even if the valve body is configured as described above, the main waterway 1
The valve body 8' operates regardless of fluctuations in the water level x.

In the above embodiment, the valve body 8 and the overflow weir 11 are connected to the floats 12 and 12' via the lever 17, etc., but the invention is not limited to this, and the valve body 8 and the overflow weir 11 may be connected to separate floats. In addition, this invention may include various modifications of the above embodiments,
Modification is possible.

This invention is as described above, and connects the main waterway and the still water tank with a water conduit pipe that extends into the still water tank, closes the tip thereof, and has a through hole that penetrates the pipe wall in the vertical direction. A hollow cylindrical valve body with open upper and lower ends is inserted into the through hole so as to be movable up and down, a water passage notch cut upward from the lower end is provided in the wall of this valve body, and this valve body is Since it is connected to a float that floats on the water surface of the still water tank via a connecting member and moves up and down in response to changes in the water level, the valve body receives buoyancy from the main waterway and is not affected by changes in the water level. , is controlled solely by the vertical movement of the float in the still water tank, and since this float floats on the water surface of the still water tank with a constant amount of water, even if the water level in the main waterway fluctuates over a wide range, In a continuous equilibrium state, the fluctuation of the water level in the still water tank is kept to a small extent, and the vertical movement of the overflow weir is kept to a minimum. Structures such as levers can be made smaller, and the water flow notch cut upward from the lower end prevents foreign matter such as garbage in the main waterway from flowing into the water pipe, and the lower part near the tip of the pipe. Even if sediment tries to settle, the notch allows it to be smoothly discharged into the still water tank, preventing foreign matter from accumulating in the water pipe, and the outflow pipe installed between the still water tank and the branch channel , the opening on the still water tank side is arranged upward, and the overflow weir is attached to the opening so that it can move up and down, and this overflow weir is connected to the float via a connecting member, so that the branch waterway can be connected from the still water tank to the branch waterway. This has excellent effects such as being able to always keep the amount of outflow to the main waterway constant regardless of changes in the water level of the branch waterway or the difference in water level between the main waterway and the branch waterway.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a conventional quantitative water distribution device, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional front view of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a side view of the float section, and Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the valve section. Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view showing another embodiment of the overflow weir, Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing another embodiment of the valve portion, and Fig. 7 is a conventional valve body and a valve body of the present invention. It is an accuracy comparison diagram. 1... Main waterway, 2... Branch waterway, 3... Still water tank, 4
... Water supply pipe, 5 ... Outflow pipe, 7 ... Through hole, 8 ... Valve body,
9... Notch, 10... Opening, 11... Overflow weir, 1
2, 12'... Float, 13... Board, 17... Lever, 20... Hanging rod.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a water diversion device that supplies water from a main waterway to a branch waterway using a water level difference, a still water tank is provided between the main waterway and the branch waterway via a water conduit and an outflow pipe, and the water conduit is A through-hole extending into the still water tank and closing the tip thereof and penetrating vertically through the pipe wall is provided, and a hollow cylindrical valve body with open upper and lower ends is inserted into the through-hole so as to be movable up and down, A water passage notch cut upward from the lower end is provided in the wall of this valve body, and the still water tank side opening of the outflow pipe is arranged upward, and an overflow weir is installed in this opening for vertical movement. A quantitative water distribution device, characterized in that the valve body and the overflow weir are connected via a connecting member to a float that floats on the water surface of a still water tank and moves up and down according to changes in the water level in the tank.