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JPS6212178B2 - - Google Patents
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JPS6212178B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPS6212178B2
JPS6212178B2 JP53141136A JP14113678A JPS6212178B2 JP S6212178 B2 JPS6212178 B2 JP S6212178B2 JP 53141136 A JP53141136 A JP 53141136A JP 14113678 A JP14113678 A JP 14113678A JP S6212178 B2 JPS6212178 B2 JP S6212178B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
absorption
glass
ions
harmonic
wavelength
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP53141136A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5567537A (en
Inventor
Iwao Matsuyama
Kenzo Susa
Yasuo Suganuma
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Ltd
Priority to JP14113678A priority Critical patent/JPS5567537A/en
Publication of JPS5567537A publication Critical patent/JPS5567537A/en
Publication of JPS6212178B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6212178B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C1/00Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
    • C03C1/006Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels to produce glass through wet route

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、光学導波管用ガラスの製造法に関
し、さらに詳細にはガラス製造工程において水の
代わりに重水を用いてヒドロオキシルイオン含有
量の低いガラスを製造することに関する。 近年ドーブされた溶融シリカ又は石英からつく
られた光学導波管が開発されている。これらの製
造法の主なものは、基板となる石英管の内側に一
種の気相化学反応により膜を順次堆積する方法
(例えば、特開昭46―5788)や、基板となる部材
の上に火炎加水分解反応によつてススを堆積し、
その後焼結ガラス化する方法(例えば、特開昭48
―73522、特開昭51―71316)などである。これら
の方法以外に、古くからの石英製造法として、水
晶を原料として溶融する方法などが知られている
が、この方法では溶融用ルツボからの不純物の混
入や、高温のためドーパントの揮散が起りドープ
シリカの製造ができない等の欠点があり、光学導
波管の製法には使用されていない。 以上の製法は、必ずガラスの軟化点以上の温度
によつて処理をする高温プロセスを要するが、近
年このような高温を必要としない、いわゆる非溶
融のガラス製造法が開発されてきた。その代表的
な方法は、特公昭48―6604(発明の名称透明な特
にガラス状多成分物質の製造方法)に記載されて
いる、金属アルコレートを原料にして加水分解プ
ロセスによつて多成分ガラスを作成する方法であ
る。 このような非溶融法では、加水分解プロセスを
必要とするため、ガラス化した場合微量であるが
ガラス中に水が残存して、光学導波管とした場
合、伝送しようとする光に対して吸収を引き起す
原因となる。 伝送しようとする光の波長は、種々考えられて
いるが、現在一番普通に光通信用の光源と考えら
れるのは、GaAlAsレーザや光ダイオードであ
り、その波長は0.8〜0.9μm付近にある。この場
合、前記ガラス中の水は、−OHイオンの振動の
第2高調波として0.95μmの吸収を引き起し、レ
ーザ光の波長に近いためレーザ光の伝搬に影響を
与え問題となる。 本発明は上述の欠点を解消するためになされた
もので、本発明によれば、光学導波管用ガラスの
製造において、水の代わりに重水が用いられる。 以下、本発明を実施例によりさらに詳細に説明
する。実施例;珪素のアルコレート(例えば、Si
(OCH34やSi(OC2H54)を酸性状態の下で重水
で加水分解を行なう。この結果得られたゾル液と
ゲル化させ、乾燥させながら脱水縮合反応によ
り、より強固なゲルに変える。しかる後、1000℃
から1200℃の範囲で焼結を行なうことにより、透
明なガラス体を得ることができる。このような重
水を使用したガラス作成法により、ガラス中に含
有されるイオンをヒドロオキシルイオンOH-
らイオンOD-に変えることができ、問題となる光
吸収のピーク位置をより長波長側に移すことがで
きる。その結果、問題となる0.8〜0.9μmの光通
信の波長域において光学情報が妨害されないこと
が見い出された。
The present invention relates to a method for producing glass for optical waveguides, and more particularly to producing glass with a low hydroxyl ion content by using heavy water instead of water in the glass production process. Optical waveguides made from doped fused silica or quartz have recently been developed. The main methods for producing these are the method of sequentially depositing a film on the inside of a quartz tube that serves as a substrate by a type of gas-phase chemical reaction (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1986-5788), and the method of depositing films on the inside of a quartz tube that serves as a substrate. Soot is deposited by flame hydrolysis reaction,
Thereafter, a method of sintering and vitrifying (for example, JP-A-48
-73522, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 51-71316). In addition to these methods, there is a long-established quartz manufacturing method that uses quartz crystal as a raw material and melts it, but this method involves the contamination of impurities from the melting crucible and the volatilization of dopants due to the high temperature. It has drawbacks such as the inability to produce doped silica, and is therefore not used in the production of optical waveguides. The above manufacturing methods always require a high-temperature process at a temperature above the softening point of the glass, but in recent years so-called non-melting glass manufacturing methods that do not require such high temperatures have been developed. A typical method is to produce multi-component glass using metal alcoholate as a raw material through a hydrolysis process, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-6604 (title: Method for producing transparent, especially glass-like multi-component materials). This is how to create. This type of non-melting method requires a hydrolysis process, so when it is vitrified, a small amount of water remains in the glass, and when used as an optical waveguide, it becomes difficult to transmit the light. Causes absorption. Various wavelengths of light to be transmitted have been considered, but currently the most commonly considered light sources for optical communication are GaAlAs lasers and photodiodes, and their wavelengths are around 0.8 to 0.9 μm. . In this case, the water in the glass causes absorption of 0.95 μm as the second harmonic of the -OH ion vibration, which is close to the wavelength of the laser beam, and thus affects the propagation of the laser beam, causing a problem. The present invention has been made to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks. According to the present invention, heavy water is used instead of water in the production of glass for optical waveguides. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples. Example: Alcoholate of silicon (e.g. Si
(OCH 3 ) 4 and Si(OC 2 H 5 ) 4 ) are hydrolyzed with heavy water under acidic conditions. The resulting sol solution is gelled, and dehydrated and condensed while drying to form a stronger gel. After that, 1000℃
A transparent glass body can be obtained by sintering at a temperature between 1200°C and 1200°C. By using such a glass making method using heavy water, it is possible to change the ions contained in the glass from hydroxyl ions OH - to ions OD - , shifting the problematic peak position of light absorption to longer wavelengths. be able to. As a result, it was found that optical information is not interfered with in the problematic wavelength range of 0.8 to 0.9 μm for optical communication.

【表】 第1表は、従来のシリカガラス中に存在するヒ
ドロオキシルイオンOH-による光吸収のピーク
位置吸収係数、吸収モードについて示す。これら
の吸収についてのデータは、J.Appl.Phy373911
(1966),Appl,Spectroscopy25〔3〕378〜379
(1971),Appl.Phys.Lett22〔7〕307〜309
(1973)などの文献に記載されているものを基に
して単位をそろえて整理したものである。OH-
イオンの基礎吸収は、27μm付近に存在し、吸収
係数は非常に大きいが、これは目的とする光通信
の波長に比較してかなり長波長であるので、実際
的な影響はほとんどない。影響を及ぼすのは、光
通信の波長0.8〜0.9μmの付近にある、OH-の基
礎吸収の第2高調波0.95μmと第3高調波0.725
μmの間にある吸収ピークである。この範囲に
は、基礎吸収の他にSi―Oの振動とOH-振動の結
びついた結合振動が多く観察されるが、これらの
吸収係数は、OH-の高調波の吸収に比較して一
般に小さいため、問題とはならない。また、第2
高調波と第3高調波では、吸収係数も一桁以上違
うので、実際上は、0.95μmの第2高調波のみが
GaAsAlレーザ光や光ダイオード光の波長での伝
搬に妨害を与える吸収ピークとなる。そこで、こ
のような妨害吸収を与えるピークを除くことが必
要であり、ガラス中からOH-イオンを除くこと
が肝要となる。しかし、加水分解プロセスを必要
とする非溶融ガラスの製造法では、ガラス中に
OH-イオンのとり込まれる確率は高くOH-イオ
ンを皆無にすることはきわめて困難な作業であ
る。したがつて、次に行なうことのできる方法
は、第2高調波の吸収位置を伝搬光の波長域から
影響のない位置に変えることである。 分子振動の振動周波数(すなわち吸収波長)
は、振動子の質量の平方根に反比例して変化する
ことはよく知られている。したがつて本発明のよ
うに、ガラス中のヒドロキシルイオンOH-
OD-イオンに変えることによつてO―H間の振動
は、長波長側に移動し、伝搬光に対してはほとん
ど影響を与えない状態にすることができる。第2
高調波0.95μmの吸収位置は0.95×√2=1.34μ
mに、第3高調波0.72μmは0.72×√2=1.02μ
mに移行し、0.8から0.9μmの波長域の光伝搬に
対してほとんど影響を与えなくなる。 以上は純シリカについてのことであるが、
Ge,B,P等の添加物が入つた高珪酸ガラスに
対してもほとんど状況は変わらず適用できること
は明白であろう。一例を挙げるならば、Si
(OCH3490モル%とGe(OC2H5410モル%の混
合液を重水によつて加水分解し、ゲル化後焼結し
て得たガラスでは、0.8から0.9μmの範囲におい
て実際上問題となる吸収は、ほとんど観測されな
かつた。
[Table] Table 1 shows the peak position absorption coefficient and absorption mode of light absorption by hydroxyl ion OH - present in conventional silica glass. Data on these absorptions can be found in J.Appl.Phy 37 3911
(1966), Appl, Spectroscopy 25 [3] 378-379
(1971), Appl.Phys.Lett 22 [7] 307-309
(1973) and other documents, the units have been arranged and organized. OH-
Fundamental absorption of ions exists in the vicinity of 27 μm, and the absorption coefficient is very large, but since this is a considerably long wavelength compared to the wavelength of the intended optical communication, it has little practical effect. What is affected is the second harmonic of 0.95 μm and third harmonic of 0.725 μm of basic absorption of OH - , which is around the optical communication wavelength of 0.8 to 0.9 μm.
This is an absorption peak between μm. In this range, in addition to fundamental absorption, many coupled vibrations that combine Si-O vibration and OH - vibration are observed, but the absorption coefficients of these are generally small compared to the harmonic absorption of OH - . Therefore, it is not a problem. Also, the second
The absorption coefficients of harmonics and third harmonics are also different by more than one order of magnitude, so in reality, only the second harmonic of 0.95 μm
This is an absorption peak that interferes with propagation at the wavelength of GaAsAl laser light or photodiode light. Therefore, it is necessary to remove peaks that cause such interfering absorption, and it is important to remove OH - ions from the glass. However, in non-melting glass manufacturing methods that require a hydrolysis process,
The probability of OH - ions being taken in is high, and eliminating all OH - ions is an extremely difficult task. Therefore, the next possible method is to change the absorption position of the second harmonic from the wavelength range of the propagating light to a position where it will not be affected. Vibrational frequency of molecular vibration (i.e. absorption wavelength)
It is well known that varies in inverse proportion to the square root of the mass of the oscillator. Therefore, as in the present invention, the hydroxyl ion OH - in the glass is
By changing to OD - ions, the vibration between O and H can be moved to the longer wavelength side and can be brought into a state where it has almost no effect on propagating light. Second
The absorption position of harmonic 0.95μm is 0.95×√2=1.34μ
m, the third harmonic 0.72μm is 0.72×√2=1.02μ
m, and has almost no effect on optical propagation in the wavelength range of 0.8 to 0.9 μm. The above is about pure silica,
It is obvious that the present invention can be applied almost unchanged to high silicate glass containing additives such as Ge, B, and P. To give an example, Si
In the glass obtained by hydrolyzing a mixture of 90 mol% of (OCH 3 ) 4 and 10 mol% of Ge(OC 2 H 5 ) 4 with heavy water, gelling it and sintering it, the diameter ranges from 0.8 to 0.9 μm. Almost no absorption, which is a practical problem, was observed.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 透明なガラス状、結晶状またはガラス状結晶
性物質を溶融相を経ないで製造する方法におい
て、金属アルコレートを重水で加水分解して酸化
物ガラスを形成することを特徴とするヒドロキシ
ルイオン含有量の少ない非溶融ガラスの製造方
法。
1. A method for producing a transparent glassy, crystalline or glassy crystalline material without going through a melt phase, characterized in that a metal alcoholate is hydrolyzed with heavy water to form an oxide glass containing hydroxyl ions. A method for manufacturing non-molten glass in small quantities.
JP14113678A 1978-11-17 1978-11-17 Production of unmolten glass of low hydroxyl ion content Granted JPS5567537A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP14113678A JPS5567537A (en) 1978-11-17 1978-11-17 Production of unmolten glass of low hydroxyl ion content

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP14113678A JPS5567537A (en) 1978-11-17 1978-11-17 Production of unmolten glass of low hydroxyl ion content

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5567537A JPS5567537A (en) 1980-05-21
JPS6212178B2 true JPS6212178B2 (en) 1987-03-17

Family

ID=15284998

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP14113678A Granted JPS5567537A (en) 1978-11-17 1978-11-17 Production of unmolten glass of low hydroxyl ion content

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5567537A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3338714A1 (en) * 1983-10-25 1985-05-02 Wacker-Chemitronic Gesellschaft für Elektronik-Grundstoffe mbH, 8263 Burghausen METHOD FOR REDUCING THE HYDROXYLAN PART IN LIGHT WAVE GUIDES

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1084534A (en) * 1977-03-22 1980-08-26 Daisuke Kato Method of producing glass compositions for optical wave guides
JPS53134810A (en) * 1977-04-30 1978-11-24 Sumitomo Electric Industries Production of highhpurity glass for photoconduction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5567537A (en) 1980-05-21

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