JPS621638B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a plastic waste treatment apparatus for treating plastic waste by thermally decomposing it and separating it into oil and gas.

Conventionally, plastic waste is thermally decomposed and vaporized, and this vapor is condensed and liquefied to recover oil and gas, or plastic waste is heated and melted and sent to a non-decomposition reactor to undergo decomposition and dry distillation. There are means to liquefy the liquid at the same time.

However, the equipment used for these means is large-sized, and there have been problems, particularly with respect to the structure, function, maintenance, durability, etc. of the pyrolysis furnace.

The present invention heats and melts plastic waste to form a lump, then charges the lump into a pyrolysis furnace to vaporize it, and cools the vapor to condense and liquefy it to separate oil and gas. This processing equipment is characterized by being equipped with a particularly unique pyrolysis furnace, in which a wire mesh cage-like object with an open upper end is installed inside the container, and the wire mesh cage-like object and the inner circumferential wall of the container and the inner surface of the container are connected. Coarse sand, siliceous soil, activated carbon,
A pyrolysis furnace equipped with a container filled with iron oxide, etc. to form an indirect heat transfer zone of a required thickness on the inner periphery and inner bottom of the container is installed, and the melted and solidified lumps of plastic waste are This is a processing apparatus for plastic waste characterized in that it is charged into a container, thermally decomposed and vaporized, and then condensed and liquefied to separate oil and gas.

An embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, there is a heating furnace 1 that heats and melts plastic waste (a), and that vaporizes the material that has been heated and melted in the heating furnace (1) and turned into a lump (b). a pyrolysis furnace 2; a cooling tank 3 for cooling and condensing the steam generated by the pyrolysis furnace 2;
It has an oil tank 4 that stores oil condensed and liquefied by the refrigerant in this cooling tank 3, and a gas tank 5 that stores separated gas, and connects the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the cooling tank 3 with a conduit 6. A stop valve 7, a particulate removal device 8, and a fan device 9 are interposed in the middle of the conduit 6, the cooling tank 3 and the oil tank 4 are connected by a conduit 10, and the oil tank 4 and the gas tank 5 are connected by a conduit 11. be.

As shown in the third figure, the heating furnace 1 has an inlet 12 on one side of the upper part, and the inlet 12 is equipped with a door body 13 that can be opened and closed, and a flame path that extends around the outer periphery and outer bottom of the furnace body 14. 15, a firing port 16 is provided on one side of the lower part, and an outlet passage 18 is provided that is connected to the bottom of the furnace body 14 and is equipped with a shielding plate 17 that can be opened and closed, and can be freely raised and lowered by a hoist 20 suspended from a frame 19. Stirring mechanism 2
1 is lowered into the furnace body 14 and operated.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, the pyrolysis furnace 2 has a rectangular furnace wall 2 with an opening 22 at the top.
3 is provided with a bottomed enclosure body 25 in which the periphery of the charging port 24 whose upper end is open is fixed to the opening 22,
Four containers 2 are placed in the inner space of this bottomed enclosure 25.
6, 26, 26, 26 can be freely set, a combustion port 27 is provided on one side of the lower part, and a flame path 28 is defined as a gap between the outer periphery of the bottomed enclosure 25 and the inner surface of the furnace wall 23. is connected to the chimney 29,
A removable lid 30 is provided on the charging port 24 of the bottomed enclosure 25, and a flame path 31 is formed which isolates each container 26 and has a sufficient space in the middle.

In this case, there are three conduits 6, and the ends of these conduits 6, 6, 6 are connected to one side of the upper part of the bottomed enclosure 25 through the furnace wall 23 and opened.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the container 26 is a rigid container 3 made of a wire mesh cage-like object 32 with an open top.
Installed in 3. In this case, since the wire mesh cage-like object 32 is made relatively coarse, the outer periphery and outer bottom are
Another relatively fine wire mesh of about 100 mesh 3
4 is attached.

In this way, a fine wire mesh 34 is attached to the outside to form a wire mesh cage-like object 32, and coarse sand, siliceous earth, activated carbon, iron oxide, etc. are piled on the inner bottom surface of the container 32 to a required thickness. After that, the wire mesh cage 32 to which the wire mesh 34 is attached is fitted into the container 33, the outer bottom is placed on the layer, and then the inner circumferential surface 33a of the container 33 and the wire mesh cage 32 are separated. Coarse sand, siliceous earth, activated carbon, iron oxide, etc. are filled between the outer circumference and the outer circumference to form a circumferential layer of the required thickness.

In this case, the fine wire mesh 34 attached to the wire mesh cage 32 prevents coarse sand and the like from entering the wire mesh cage 32.

Thus, the container 26 is constructed by filling coarse sand, siliceous earth, activated carbon, iron oxide, etc. between the inner circumferential wall and inner bottom wall of the container 33 and the wire mesh cage 32. An indirect heat transfer region 35 of a required thickness is formed at the bottom.

a container 26 set within the bottomed enclosure 25;
Each upper end 26a of 26, 26, 26 is connected to the conduit 6,
It is set slightly lower than the opening of 6,6.

In this case, since there are three conduits 6 for leading out steam from the pyrolysis furnace 2, there are correspondingly three cooling pipes 36 in the cooling tank 3, and the conduits 6, 6, 6
A stop valve 7, a particulate removal device 8, and a fan device 9 are interposed in each.

In addition, the cooling tank 3 is square, and the cooling pipes 36, 3
6 and 36 each have a meandering shape in the vertical direction, and the upper starting end of the cooling pipe 36 is an inlet end 36a, and the lower end is an outlet end 36b.

The other ends of the conduits 10, 10, 10 each having one end connected to the outlet end 36b of the cooling pipe 36 are connected to the oil tank 4, and the oil tank 4 is equipped with a level meter 3.
7 and a drain kettle 38.

The oil tank 4 and the gas tank 5 are sealed, and each has an outlet (not shown) at an appropriate location.

Since the apparatus of the present invention is constructed as described above, the plastic waste A is put into the heating furnace 1, heated and melted, and then taken out of the furnace through the take-out passage 18, and left to form several lumps of appropriate size. B, B...

These lumps B, B, etc. are charged into containers 26, 26, 26, 26 set in the pyrolysis furnace 2, respectively.

That is, the lid 30 is removed, the lump 2 is put into the wire mesh cage 32 from the upper end of the container 26, and the lid 3 is removed.
0 is attached to make the bottomed enclosure 25 airtight, and when fuel is burned at the combustion port 27, hot air passes through the outer periphery, the outer bottom, and the intermediate flame path 31 of the bottomed enclosure 25. Each container 26 set in the bottomed enclosure 25 is also heated by this hot air, and in each container 26, the lumps inside the wire mesh cage 32 are heated through the indirect heat transfer region 35 formed in the container 33. heat up.

When the mass body gradually reaches the vaporization temperature and becomes vaporized, the vapor is drawn into the conduits 6, 6, 6 and guided to the cooling pipes 36, 36, 36. The steam in the cooling pipe 36 is gradually condensed and liquefied by the cooling liquid in the cooling tank 3, and flows into the oil tank 4 from the outlet end 36b.

In this case, the gas present in the upper part of the oil tank 4 enters the gas tank 5 via the conduit 11.

Thus, the container 26 set inside the pyrolysis furnace 2
The agglomerates charged into the container, that is, the agglomerates made by heating and melting the plastic waste and then solidifying them, were heated by propagated heat through the bottomed enclosure 25, the container 33, and the indirect heat transfer zone 35. The atmosphere inside the wire mesh cage 32 gradually heats the mass, and the mass is heated as a whole and evenly, so that the vaporization is extremely good.

In other words, heat is applied to the lump material B in a heating atmosphere, and the heat is applied in a manner similar to steaming, so that the state of vaporization is extremely favorable.

The device of the present invention heats and vaporizes plastic waste in a steaming manner without burning it, so it does not generate toxic gases and does not directly contact the container with steam, thereby increasing the durability of the pyrolysis furnace. be large.

Plastic waste such as vinyl chloride, polyethylene, and polypropylene is heated and melted at 80 to 100 degrees Celsius in a heating furnace, taken out and left to stand naturally to form a lump of 10 kg in weight, and then processed into a pyrolysis furnace.
When heated to 130°C to vaporize and condensate the vapor through a cooling pipe, approximately 6 oil and
2.5Kg of gas can be recovered, and the residue is
It was 1.5Kg.

The present invention can be made relatively compact as a plastic waste processing device, has a simplified structure of the pyrolysis furnace, has excellent durability, and can use recovered oil and gas as fuel, thereby reducing pollution caused by plastic waste. It is highly effective as a means of problem solving.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of the apparatus of the present invention, with main parts cut away. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same, with main parts cut away. Figure 3 is a front view of the heating furnace, Figure 4 is a sectional view of the pyrolysis furnace seen from the part corresponding to the - line in Figure 2, Figure 5 is a front view of the container, and Figure 6 is a side view of the same. , FIG. 7 is a plan view of the same. 1...Heating furnace, 2...Pyrolysis furnace, 3...Cooling tank, 4...Oil tank, 5...Gas tank, 6,1
0, 11... Conduit, 23... Furnace wall, 25... Bottomed enclosure, 26... Container, 30... Lid, 32...
...Wire mesh cage, 33...Container, 35...Indirect heat transfer area, 36...Cooling pipe, A...Plastic waste, B...Lump.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A wire mesh cage-like object with an open top end is placed inside the container, and coarse sand, siliceous earth, activated carbon, iron oxide, etc. are placed between the wire mesh cage-like object and the inner peripheral wall and inner bottom wall of the container. A pyrolysis furnace is equipped with a container that is filled to form an indirect heat transfer zone of a required thickness on the inner periphery and bottom of the container, and a lump of melted and solidified plastic waste is placed inside the container. 1. An apparatus for processing plastic waste, characterized in that the plastic waste is charged into a container, heated and decomposed, vaporized, and then condensed and liquefied to separate oil and gas.