JPS6216761B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6216761B2 JPS6216761B2 JP8955681A JP8955681A JPS6216761B2 JP S6216761 B2 JPS6216761 B2 JP S6216761B2 JP 8955681 A JP8955681 A JP 8955681A JP 8955681 A JP8955681 A JP 8955681A JP S6216761 B2 JPS6216761 B2 JP S6216761B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- cutting
- workpiece
- surface roughness
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005476 size effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0032—Arrangements for preventing or isolating vibrations in parts of the machine
- B23Q11/0039—Arrangements for preventing or isolating vibrations in parts of the machine by changing the natural frequency of the system or by continuously changing the frequency of the force which causes the vibration
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、切削加工方法に関するものである。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a cutting method.
一般に鉄系材料の切削加工、特にバイトによる
旋削加工では、従来の被削物１回転当りの工具の
送り量が一定であるため第１図に示すように切削
中に工具２の逃げ面の被削物１との接触の終端付
近の摩耗（以後偏摩耗という）２ａが著しく大き
くなり、（但しR0は理論面粗さ、Ｒは実際の面粗
さである。）工具の摩耗量分だけ、被削物に削り
残しが生じ、この量だけ、摩耗のない工具で切削
した場合の凹凸より高くなり、仕上面粗さが著し
く悪くなり１μｍRmax以下の面粗さを得ること
は困難であつた。この工具逃げ面の偏摩耗の原因
については、１回転前の切削により被削物表面は
加工硬化され、今回の切削において、工具の被削
物との接触の終端部分は、被削物の加工硬化した
部分を削るため、および工具の被削物との接触の
終端部分では切り込み量が少なくなるため、寸法
効果により比切削エネルギー（単位体積を除去す
るに必要なエネルギー）が増加し工具切削面への
切削抵抗が増大するためと考えられている。 In general, in cutting of ferrous materials, especially turning with a cutting tool, the conventional tool feed amount per revolution of the workpiece is constant, so the flank surface of the tool 2 is exposed to damage during cutting, as shown in Figure 1. Wear (hereinafter referred to as uneven wear) 2a near the end of contact with the cutter 1 becomes significantly large (where R 0 is the theoretical surface roughness and R is the actual surface roughness) by the amount of tool wear. , uncut parts were left on the workpiece, and this amount was higher than the unevenness when cutting with a non-wearing tool, and the finished surface roughness was significantly worse, making it difficult to obtain a surface roughness of 1 μm Rmax or less. . The cause of this uneven wear on the tool flank surface is that the surface of the workpiece is work-hardened by the previous cutting, and in this cutting, the end of the contact between the tool and the workpiece is Because the hardened area is removed and the depth of cut is reduced at the end of the tool's contact with the workpiece, the specific cutting energy (the energy required to remove a unit volume) increases due to size effects, which reduces the cutting surface of the tool. This is thought to be due to an increase in cutting resistance.
本発明の目的は上記した従来技術の欠点をなく
し、良好な仕上面を得る切削加工方法を提供する
ことである。 An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting method that eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provides a good finished surface.
即ち本発明は、被削物の切削開始端から切削終
了端までの工具移動範囲内で、被削物１回転当り
に対する工具の送り量を変化させ、工具前切刃の
被作物の加工硬化層を切削する位置を変え、工具
の前切刃が均一に摩耗するようにしたことを特徴
とするものである。 That is, the present invention changes the feed amount of the tool per one rotation of the workpiece within the range of tool movement from the cutting start end to the cutting end of the workpiece, and reduces the work hardening layer of the workpiece on the front cutting edge of the tool. The cutting position of the tool is changed so that the front cutting edge of the tool is evenly worn.
以下本発明を図に示す実施例にもとづいて具体
的に説明する。 The present invention will be specifically described below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.
数値制御旋盤における本発明の一実施例を第２
図に示す。 A second embodiment of the present invention in a numerically controlled lathe
As shown in the figure.
被削物１は、チヤツク３により保持され一定速
度で回転する。工具２は制御装置７によりその回
転が制御されるサーボモータ６に直結した親ネジ
５により、被削物１の回転軸に平行な方向へ摺動
される摺動台８上の刃物台４に固定されている。
今、被削物１が一定速度で回転しており、工具２
を切り込んで図中のＡからＢへ送つて、被削物１
の外周面を切削するとき、摺動台８の摺動速度が
被削物１の１回転当りに対する工具２の送り量が
あらかじめ設定された範囲内で増加、減少するよ
うに制御装置７により制御され、工具２の被削物
１との接触終了端が変わる。 The workpiece 1 is held by a chuck 3 and rotates at a constant speed. The tool 2 is mounted on a tool rest 4 on a sliding base 8 that is slid in a direction parallel to the rotational axis of the workpiece 1 by a lead screw 5 directly connected to a servo motor 6 whose rotation is controlled by a control device 7. Fixed.
Now, workpiece 1 is rotating at a constant speed, and tool 2
Cut the material and send it from A to B in the diagram to cut the workpiece 1.
When cutting the outer circumferential surface of the machine, the control device 7 controls the sliding speed of the sliding table 8 so that the feed rate of the tool 2 per revolution of the workpiece 1 increases or decreases within a preset range. As a result, the end of contact between the tool 2 and the workpiece 1 changes.
工具２の被削物１回転当りの送り量は、あらか
じめ設定された範囲内Vmin〜Vmaxで第３図ａ
に示すように切削開始Ｓから切削終了Ｅまで連続
的な増加減少を１サイクルだけ行なう場合、同図
ｂに示すように数サイクル繰返す場合、同図ｃに
示すように、断続的に工具の被削物１回転当りの
送り量が増加、減少する場合がある。 The feed amount per rotation of the workpiece of tool 2 is within the preset range of Vmin to Vmax as shown in Figure 3a.
When continuous increase and decrease is carried out for only one cycle from the start of cutting S to the end of cutting E as shown in the figure, when repeating several cycles as shown in the figure b, the tool is intermittently affected as shown in the figure c. The amount of feed per revolution of the cutter may increase or decrease.
第４図に端面切削における本発明の一実施例を
示す。 FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention in end face cutting.
被削物１はチヤツク３に保持され一定速度で回
転する。工具２は、制御装置７により制御される
サーボモータ６に直結した送りねじ５の回転によ
り、摺動台８上を被削物１の端面に平行に摺動す
る刃物台４に固定されており、被削物１が一定速
度で回転し、工具２を被削物１の端面に切り込み
図中のＡからＢ方向へ刃物台を摺動して、被削物
１の端面を切削するとき、被削物１回転当りの工
具２の送り量があらかじめ設定した範囲内Vmin
〜Vmaxで増加、減少するように制御装置７によ
りサーボモータ６の回転速度が制御される。 A workpiece 1 is held by a chuck 3 and rotates at a constant speed. The tool 2 is fixed to a tool post 4 that slides on a slide table 8 parallel to the end surface of the workpiece 1 by rotation of a feed screw 5 directly connected to a servo motor 6 controlled by a control device 7. , when the workpiece 1 rotates at a constant speed, the tool 2 is cut into the end face of the workpiece 1, and the tool rest is slid from A to B direction in the diagram to cut the end face of the workpiece 1, The feed amount of tool 2 per rotation of the workpiece is within the preset range Vmin
The rotational speed of the servo motor 6 is controlled by the control device 7 so that it increases and decreases by ~Vmax.
第５図に中ぐり加工における本発明の一実施例
を示す。 FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the present invention in boring processing.
被削物１はチヤツク３に固定され、工具２は高
速で回転する主軸１０に固定された中ぐり軸９の
先端に固定されている。主軸１０は油圧シリンダ
１２により、ベツト１１上を主軸の回転軸方向に
摺動する摺動台８上に固定されている。工具２に
切り込みを与え高速回転しながら図中のＡからＢ
へ送られて被削物１を切削するとき、制御装置７
により流量制御弁１４を制御し、油圧シリンダ１
２へ流れる油量を調整することにより、油圧シリ
ンダ１２により駆動される摺動台８の摺動速度が
工具２の１回転当りの送り量が、あらかじめ定め
られた範囲内Vmin〜Vmaxで増加、減少を繰返
すように制御される。 A workpiece 1 is fixed to a chuck 3, and a tool 2 is fixed to the tip of a boring shaft 9 fixed to a main shaft 10 rotating at high speed. The main shaft 10 is fixed by a hydraulic cylinder 12 on a sliding base 8 that slides on a bed 11 in the direction of the rotation axis of the main shaft. Make a cut with tool 2 and move from A to B in the diagram while rotating at high speed.
When the workpiece 1 is cut by the control device 7
The flow control valve 14 is controlled by the hydraulic cylinder 1.
By adjusting the amount of oil flowing to the slider 2, the sliding speed of the slide table 8 driven by the hydraulic cylinder 12 and the feed amount per rotation of the tool 2 increase within a predetermined range of Vmin to Vmax. Controlled to repeat the decrease.
第６図Ａは、第２図に示した数値制御旋盤にお
ける、外径切削の場合の本発明の一実施例での市
販のスローアウエイ工具による実際の切削におけ
る工具刃先の摩耗（×87）を示し、第６図Ｂはそ
の仕上面粗さを示したものである。第７図Ａは従
来の被削物１回転当りの工具送り量が一定の場合
の切削における工具刃先の摩耗（×174）を示
し、第７図Ｂはその仕上面粗さを示したものであ
る。よつて本発明によれば仕上面粗さを、大きく
改善することができた。 FIG. 6A shows the wear (×87) of the tool cutting edge in actual cutting using a commercially available throw-away tool in an embodiment of the present invention for outer diameter cutting on the numerically controlled lathe shown in FIG. 6B shows the finished surface roughness. Figure 7A shows the wear (x174) on the tool edge during conventional cutting when the tool feed rate per revolution of the workpiece is constant, and Figure 7B shows the finished surface roughness. be. Therefore, according to the present invention, the finished surface roughness could be greatly improved.
以上説明したように本発明によれば、従来の被
削物１回転当りの工具送り量が一定の切削方式で
は得ることが困難とされていた１μｍRmax以下
の面粗さを容易に得ることができる効果を奏す
る。 As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily obtain a surface roughness of 1 μmRmax or less, which was difficult to obtain with conventional cutting methods in which the tool feed amount per revolution of the workpiece was constant. be effective.
第１図は工具偏摩耗とそれによる被削物面粗さ
劣化の説明図、第２図は本発明による数値制御旋
盤による外周面切削の一実施例を示す上平面図、
第３図は工具の被削物１回転当りの送り量の切削
長さに対するあらかじめ与えられた範囲内での増
加、減少のサイクルを示すサイクル線図、第４図
は本発明の端面切削の場合の一実施例を示す上平
面図、第５図は、本発明の中ぐり加工の場合の一
実施例を示す側面一部断面図、第６図Ａは本発明
の第２図の場合の実際の切削例の工具刃先の摩耗
を示した顕微鏡写真図、第６図Ｂは第６図Ａの場
合の仕上面粗さを示した図、第７図Ａは従来の切
削法による切削例の工具刃先摩耗を示した顕微鏡
写真図、第７図Ｂは第７図Ａの場合の仕上面粗さ
を示した図である。
記号の説明、１……被削物、２……工具、３…
…チヤツク、４……刃物台、５……親ネジ、６…
…サーボモータ、７……制御装置、８……摺動
台、９……中ぐり軸、１０……主軸、１１……ベ
ツト、１２……油圧シリンダ、１３……方向制御
弁、１４……流量制御弁、１５……送りネジ、１
６……モータ。
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of uneven tool wear and the resulting deterioration of workpiece surface roughness, and FIG. 2 is a top plan view showing an example of outer peripheral surface cutting by a numerically controlled lathe according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cycle diagram showing the cycle of increase and decrease of the feed amount per revolution of the workpiece with respect to the cutting length within a predetermined range, and Fig. 4 is a case of end face cutting of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a top plan view showing an embodiment of the invention, FIG. 5 is a side partial sectional view showing an embodiment of the boring process of the present invention, and FIG. 6A is an actual case of the invention shown in FIG. 2. Fig. 6B is a diagram showing the finished surface roughness in the case of Fig. 6A, Fig. 7A is the tool cut by the conventional cutting method. FIG. 7B, a microscopic photograph showing the wear of the cutting edge, is a diagram showing the finished surface roughness in the case of FIG. 7A. Explanation of symbols, 1...Workpiece, 2...Tool, 3...
...chuck, 4...turret, 5...lead screw, 6...
... Servo motor, 7 ... Control device, 8 ... Sliding table, 9 ... Boring shaft, 10 ... Main shaft, 11 ... Bed, 12 ... Hydraulic cylinder, 13 ... Directional control valve, 14 ... Flow control valve, 15...Feed screw, 1
6...Motor.
Claims (1)
物の同一仕上面粗さが要求される加工面の切削開
始点から切削終了点までの間に、被削物１回転当
りの工具送り量が予め設定された範囲内で増減す
ることを特徴とする切削加工法。1 In turning processing using a cutting tool as a tool, from the cutting start point to the cutting end point of the machined surface that requires the same finished surface roughness of the workpiece, the tool feed rate per one revolution of the workpiece is determined in advance. A cutting method characterized by increasing or decreasing within a set range.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8955681A JPS57205002A (en) | 1981-06-12 | 1981-06-12 | Cutting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8955681A JPS57205002A (en) | 1981-06-12 | 1981-06-12 | Cutting method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57205002A JPS57205002A (en) | 1982-12-16 |
| JPS6216761B2 true JPS6216761B2 (en) | 1987-04-14 |
Family
ID=13974089
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8955681A Granted JPS57205002A (en) | 1981-06-12 | 1981-06-12 | Cutting method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57205002A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6261970U (en) * | 1985-10-05 | 1987-04-17 |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60225854A (en) * | 1984-04-24 | 1985-11-11 | Canon Inc | Substrate of light receiving member and light receiving member |
| JP2985886B2 (en) * | 1997-10-21 | 1999-12-06 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | High-precision cutting method for hardened steel |
| CN102001020B (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-05-30 | 陕西科技大学 | Power vibration absorber |
| JP6511597B2 (en) | 2015-07-13 | 2019-05-15 | 和則 川島 | scale |
| JP7034970B2 (en) * | 2019-02-24 | 2022-03-14 | 株式会社ミズノマシナリー | Turning method and jig for turning |
-
1981
- 1981-06-12 JP JP8955681A patent/JPS57205002A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6261970U (en) * | 1985-10-05 | 1987-04-17 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57205002A (en) | 1982-12-16 |
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