JPS6217338B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Technical Field) The present invention provides a permanent magnet in a magnetic circuit composed of an armature and a yoke, and superimposes the magnetomotive force of a coil on the magnetic flux of this permanent magnet. The present invention relates to a so-called polarized electromagnetic relay that moves the armature, and particularly to a polarized electromagnetic relay that moves the armature horizontally back and forth.

(Background technology) A general polarized electromagnetic relay has a structure in which the center of an armature is rotatably supported, and the armature swings and contacts two armature surfaces of a yoke at diagonal positions. There is.

In a polarized electromagnetic relay with such a structure, if the three points of both diagonal armature surfaces of the armature and the center pivot shaft are not maintained accurately for dimensional accuracy, only one armature surface will come into contact. This phenomenon occurs, and there is a problem in that the unbalance of the air gap causes sensitivity variations and furthermore, an insufficient stroke of the armature.

Therefore, it has already been proposed to solve this problem by adopting a structure in which the armature is horizontally reciprocated.

For example, the patent application publication number issued by the Japan Patent Office
1980 No. 41005 (hereinafter referred to as the first prior art) has been proposed.

To explain this in FIG. 4, the upper piece 10
2. E-shaped yoke 10 with middle piece 103 and lower piece 104
1, the middle piece 103 is equipped with a coil 105,
The upper, middle, and lower three pieces 102, 103, and 104 are faced with a permanent magnet 106 that also serves as an armature, and the direction of the magnetic flux from this permanent magnet 106 is the direction indicated by The direction of the magnetic flux is the direction indicated by Y.

Therefore, the magnetic flux directions X and Y of the gap between each piece 102, 103, 104 and the permanent magnet 106 are opposite to each other, that is, they repel each other, and the permanent magnet 106 as an armature is horizontally moved in the direction Z of the arrow.

Subsequently, when a coil current flows so that the magnetomotive flux direction of the coil 105 is in the opposite direction, the permanent magnet 1
The permanent magnet 106, which is an armature, is attracted in the same direction as the magnetic flux X of 06 and superimposed thereon.

Here, in the polarized electromagnetic relay according to the first prior art, the coil 1 is passed through the permanent magnet 106.
Since the magnetomotive flux of 0.05 passes through it, it has the following problem. That is, the magnetic resistance of the permanent magnet 106 is about 10,000 times larger than that of a general yoke (iron), and the loss rate of the magnetomotive flux of the coil 105 is high, which deteriorates (decreases) the sensitivity of the device. There is a problem with this point.

In order to solve the above problems, a polarized electromagnetic relay having a structure as disclosed in French Patent No. 2358006 (hereinafter referred to as the second prior art) has been proposed.

This is an advantage of high sensitivity due to the fact that the magnetomotive flux of the coil does not pass through the permanent magnet.

To explain this according to FIG. 5, the left and right vertical magnetic pieces 202, 203 and the core (not shown)
constitutes a U-shaped yoke 201 with a permanent magnet 207 and a first pole in contact with one pole of this permanent magnet.
The armature block 204 includes a magnetic piece 205 and a second magnetic piece 206 in contact with the other pole of the permanent magnet.
The left and right vertical pieces 208, 20 are formed in a letter shape.
Reference numeral 9 denotes the left and right vertical magnetic pieces 2 of the U-shaped yoke 201.
It faces the outer surface of 02 and 203. The second magnetic piece 206 faces the inner surfaces of the left and right vertical pieces 202, 203 of the U-shaped yoke 201, and
A permanent magnet 207 is held between the second magnetic pieces 205 and 206. The coil 210 is a U-shaped yoke 201
is equipped with.

In the case of this second prior art, the magnetic flux X (not shown) by the permanent magnet 207 is transmitted from one pole of the permanent magnet 207 to the permanent magnet 207 via the first and second magnetic pieces 205 and 206 of the armature block 204. and the permanent magnet 207 from one pole of the permanent magnet 207 via the second magnetic piece 206 of the armature block 204, the U-shaped yoke 201, and the first magnetic piece 205 of the armature block 204. flows through a magnetic path back to the other pole. The magnetic flux Y from the coil 210 is generated by the core (not shown), the right vertical piece 203 of the U-shaped yoke 201 (the left vertical piece 202 when the armature block is reversed), the first magnetic piece 205 of the armature block, the permanent magnet 207, The second magnetic piece 206 and the left vertical piece 202 of the U-shaped yoke 201 (when the armature block is reversed, the left vertical piece 203)
Flows through a magnetic path via .

Therefore, if the magnetic flux directions X and Y (not shown) in the gap between the magnetic poles of the armature block 204 and the U-shaped yoke 201 are opposite to each other, they will repel, and if they are in the same direction, they will be attracted. , the armature block 204 has a coil 210
horizontally shifts from side to side depending on the current direction.

As is clear from the figure, in this second prior art, the magnetic flux Y (not shown) of the coil 210 does not flow through the permanent magnet 207, thus solving the problem in the first prior art.

However, this second prior art has problems due to the adoption of a structure in which the armature block includes a permanent magnet.

That is, since the armature block that is driven to drive the contact has a permanent magnet, the operating speed of the armature block is slow due to the weight of the permanent magnet 207, and since the armature block further increases, the impact force increases and vibrations are accelerated. be done. Furthermore, due to the relationship with gravity, the characteristics may become unbalanced depending on the mounting direction.

Other problems with this second prior art are as follows. That is, since the yoke 201 exists only on the upper part of the armature block 204, and the armature block 204 requires a space above and below the guide during horizontal reciprocating movement, the armature block 204 is always drawn in the direction of the yoke 201 by that space. be.

Therefore, depending on the mounting condition, the direction of the yoke 201 changes, and due to the weight of the armature block 204, the characteristics become unbalanced as described above.

Moreover, the implementation of horizontally shifting the armature in a polarized electromagnetic relay has not yet been disclosed and is not easy.

As a third prior art, for example, US Patent No.
There is a specification of No. 2794882, which is a so-called non-polar electromagnetic relay that is not equipped with a permanent magnet.

Furthermore, in conventional so-called three-stable type relays for switching between forward and reverse rotation of a motor, two relays or contactors are combined to prevent rapid switching of contacts and prevent arcing. This prevents the motor from burning out or exploding due to the occurrence of However, there has been no relay that attempts to prevent rapid switching of the contacts using a single relay.

(Objective) The present invention solves the various problems in the conventional polarized electromagnetic relays, and at the same time provides a polarized electromagnetic relay that is advantageous in the manufacture and application of polarized electromagnetic relays. According to the present invention, a permanent magnet is interposed between the first yoke and the second yoke, and the first and second yokes and the permanent magnet are made into one block,
It has separate left and right side pieces that face and separate from the left and right armature surfaces of the first and second yokes, and is spring-loaded in the direction of mutually separating a pair of ammature molecules separated symmetrically at approximately the center of the coil. By making use of the advantages of horizontally transitioning amateurs, new developments will become possible.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a tristable polarized electromagnetic relay that prevents rapid switching of contacts.

Another object of the present invention is to reduce the loss rate of the magnetomotive flux of the coil by preventing the magnetic flux of the coil from passing through the permanent magnet, thereby achieving high sensitivity.

Another object of the present invention is to minimize the mass of the armature by not equipping the armature with a permanent magnet, thereby increasing the operating speed of the armature.

Another object of the present invention is to maintain balance by arranging yokes and permanent magnets above and below the armature, thereby preventing fluctuations in operating characteristics due to the mounting direction.

Another object of the present invention is to implement a polarized electromagnetic relay of a type in which the armature is horizontally shifted.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.
A coil 11 is arranged inside the casing 12,
On the side of this coil 11, a first yoke 1 and a second yoke 1 are arranged.
A yoke 5 and a permanent magnet 6 are arranged as one block.

The first yoke 1 is formed into a U-shape by left and right side pieces 2 and 3 and a horizontal piece 4 that connects the left and right side pieces 2 and 3, and the left and right side pieces 2 and 3 touch each other's inner surfaces. The polar surfaces 2a and 3a are used. The second yoke 5 has a length shorter than the length between the left and right pieces 2 and 3 of the first yoke 1,
It faces the horizontal piece 4. The left and right outer surfaces of the second yoke 5 serve as armature surfaces 5a and 5b. Permanent magnet 6
is interposed between the first yoke 1 and the second yoke 5,
The direction of the magnetization axis is perpendicular.

The winding frame 15 of the coil 11 is formed by integrally forming side walls 18 and 19 at the left and right ends of a winding trunk 16, and a hole 17 is formed through the winding trunk 16. The coil 11 is wound around the winding trunk 16. The second yoke 5 is fixed between the left and right side walls 18 and 19.

A pair of ammature molecules 7 and 8 are provided symmetrically at approximately the center of the coil 11. One armature molecule 7 is formed by fixing a side piece 31 at right angles to the outer end of a horizontal rod portion 30 that is inserted into a hole 17 of the winding drum 16, and is formed into a substantially T-shape. Both the inner and outer surfaces of the side piece 31 serve as armature surfaces 31a and 31b, and both armature surfaces 3
1a and 31b face the armature surface 2a of the first yoke 1 and the armature surface 5a of the second yoke 5. Arming surface 1
An air gap a is formed between the contact surface 5a and the contact surface 31a, and an air gap b is formed between the contact surface 5a and the contact surface 31b.

The other armature molecule 8 is formed into a substantially T-shape from a horizontal bar portion 32 and a side piece 33.
Both inner and outer surfaces of the electrode are used as armature surfaces 33a and 33b facing the armature surfaces 3a and 5b. An air gap c is formed between the armature surface 33b and the armature surface 5b, and an air gap d is formed between the armature surface 33a and the armature surface 3a.

A spring 34 is interposed between the horizontal bar portions 30 and 32 of both the axle molecules 7 and 8 at the center of the hole 17 of the winding frame 15, and both aperture molecules 7 and 8 are moved at the same rate by the spring force of the spring 34. They are urged away from each other by spring pressure.

Holes 17 of the winding frame 15 are formed on the inner surface of the casing 12.
A guide groove 35 is formed that extends parallel to the guide groove 35, and a movable frame 36 is provided so as to be movable along the guide groove 35. The side pieces 31 and 33 of both the armature molecules 7 and 8 are connected to this movable frame 36. That is, the movable frame 36 is formed with recesses having gaps f and g along the moving direction, respectively.
The side pieces 31, 33 are fitted into corresponding recesses.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG.
When the gap between them is e, gap b (or a) = gap c (or d) = gap e holds true, and gap f = gap g = 1/2 gap b (or a) holds true.

FIG. 1 shows a neutral operating state, in which only the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 6 is acting as shown by the solid arrow.
That is, the magnetic flux is from the N pole of the permanent magnet 6 to the first
The flow is as follows: yoke 1 → air gaps a and d → armature molecules 7 and 8 → air gaps b and c → second yoke 5 → south pole. In this state, the coil 11
By passing a current through, either of the amateur molecules 7 and 8 can be operated.

First, in order to start the amachia molecule 7, the switch 41 is turned on and a current is passed through the coil 11.
As shown by the broken line in FIG. 2, a magnetomotive flux is generated in the coil 11. Then, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 6 and the magnetomotive flux of the coil 11 shown by solid lines are in opposite directions at air gaps a and c, and in the same direction at air gaps b and d. Therefore, the ammature molecule 7 on the left side in FIG. 2 moves to the right in FIG. 2 against the spring force of the spring 34, and the second yoke 5
The armature surface 5a of the armature molecule 7 contacts the armature surface 31b of the ammonia molecule 7. It should be noted that the ammature molecule 8 on the right side also tries to move to the right side, but since it is already in contact with the first yoke 1, it does not move. With this, movable frame 3
6 is also moved to the right side in Fig. 2, and the contacts 37a and 37b are
closes.

Note that a contact point 38 is provided between the amateur molecule 7 and the casing 12, and this contact point 38
is connected in series to the coil that operates the amachia molecule 8. Therefore, after the start of movement of the ammature molecule 7, the contact point 38 is opened, so that the ammature molecule 8 is electrically interlocked and will not move to the left.

By cutting off the current in the coil 11 in the state shown in FIG. 2, the amathya molecule 7 returns to the state shown in FIG. 1.

Next, in the opposite direction to the state shown in Figure 2,
When the switch 42 is turned on to cause current to flow through the coil 11 in order to generate the magnetomotive flux shown by the broken line in FIG.
The magnetic flux of the coil 11 and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 6 are in the same direction in air gaps a and c, and in opposite directions in air gaps b and d. Therefore, the armature molecule 8 moves to the left, and the movable frame 36 moves to the left accordingly, closing the contacts 39a and 39b. At the same time, the contact point 40 provided between the amateur molecule 8 and the casing 12 opens. This contact 40 is connected in series with a coil for shifting the axle molecule 7 to the right in order to perform an interlock function to prevent the axle molecule 7 from starting its motion.

When the current supply to the coil 11 is cut off in the state shown in FIG. 3, the state shown in FIG. 1 is restored. In this way,
Both aperture molecules 7, 8 move alternately to switch the contacts. Therefore, the contacts are not switched rapidly.

(Effects) As described above, according to the present invention, the contact switching is performed by horizontally moving both the axillary molecules alternately, so that rapid switching of the contact is prevented. Also, the magnetic flux of the coil does not pass through the permanent magnet. Therefore, the loss rate of the magnetomotive flux of the coil is reduced, resulting in high sensitivity. Furthermore, since the weight of the amathya molecule is small, the operating speed is improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views showing the operating state, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are views showing the prior art, respectively. 1... First yoke, 2, 3, 31, 33... Side piece, 4... Horizontal piece, 5... Second yoke, 6... Permanent magnet, 7, 8... Amitya molecule, 30, 32...
...Horizontal bar part, 34...spring.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first yoke configured in a substantially U-shape by connecting left and right side pieces with inner surfaces as polarized surfaces and connected by a horizontal piece, and a first yoke that faces the horizontal piece with a length shorter than the distance between the left and right side pieces, and A second yoke whose left and right outer surfaces are polarized surfaces, and a permanent magnet interposed between the horizontal piece of the first yoke and the second yoke with the magnetization axis direction perpendicular to each other.
The left and right side pieces are arranged as blocks on the sides of the coil, and are inserted into the coil with left and right side pieces facing the armature surfaces of the left and right side pieces of the first yoke and the armature surfaces of the second yoke, respectively. A pair of ammature molecules provided at the ends of the horizontal rod portions are provided symmetrically at approximately the center of the coil, and between the horizontal rod portions of both ammature molecules, both amateur molecules are elastically biased in the direction of separating from each other. A polarized electromagnetic relay characterized by being equipped with a spring.