JPS6217431B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is an image capturing and recording/reproducing method, in which a photosensitive surface consisting of a matrix of self-scanning solid-state image pickup devices is used in a photoelectric conversion unit to image a high-speed phenomenon, and this image can be magnetically recorded and reproduced. The present invention relates to a high speed video system that can be played back at normal or slow speed using a device.

High-speed video systems that capture images of high-speed phenomena and reproduce them at normal speed to obtain slow-motion images have conventionally used high-speed shooting with cine film, or slow VTRs or video disks using magnetic recording and reproducing methods. A video system using In the latter case, the target surface of the image pickup tube of a video camera is scanned at high speed, or a video disk is used for single-time high-speed recording, and these are played back at normal speed scanning to display slow-motion video images on the fluorescent surface of a cathode ray tube. However, it is necessary to scan the magnetic recording surface of a VTR tape or video disk at high speed with a magnetic head, and the mechanical accuracy of these recording and reproducing devices becomes a problem. It is known that this method can only be applied as a system, and it has been difficult to record and reproduce high-speed phenomena of several tens of times or more.

The present invention has been made in view of this point,
A self-scanning solid-state image sensor, for example, uses an optical system to capture objects that change at high or normal speeds.
An image is formed on an imaging surface consisting of a matrix of CCDs (charge-coupled devices), and the resulting time-series video signal for each row is recorded simultaneously on a magnetic tape using multiple magnetic heads. This is reproduced by a multi-channel magnetic head, loaded into registers constituting multiple one-field memories, read out as a time-series video signal, and displayed on the fluorescent surface of a cathode ray tube at normal speed to produce a slow-motion reproduced image. It's something you get. That is, a first object of the present invention is to obtain a high-speed video system using a self-scanning solid-state image pickup device and a video magnetic recording/reproducing device for each channel.

A second object of the present invention is to perform video frame scanning by alternately scanning odd and even fields, similar to the interlaced scanning method used in standard television systems. The object of the present invention is to obtain a high-speed video system that performs multichannel recording on magnetic tape. A third object of the present invention is to reproduce a video tape in which odd and even fields are magnetically recorded alternately as described above, and to obtain a reproduced image of one frame by combining these pair of field signals. A plurality of registers that operate as one-field memories are used to store video signals from the magnetic head, and while the video signal from the magnetic head is being written to one of the registers, the signals stored in the other register are stored in chronological order. read out, perform these operations alternately, and combine the output video signals to obtain a one-frame video signal, which not only can reduce the number of multi-channel heads, but also
This allows effective use of registers as field memory.

The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a recording section of a high-speed video system according to the present invention. In the figure, OB1
is the subject, LN1 is the shooting lens, and lens LN
1, an image of the object OB1 is formed on the imaging surface. CK1 is a self-scanning solid-state image sensor, and is composed of a photosensitive element such as a CCD (charge coupled device) or a BBD (bucket variable gate device) that has both photoelectric conversion and self-scanning functions. The structure, characteristics, etc. of these self-scanning solid-state image pickup devices are well known from various documents, and an image pickup device consisting of a matrix of a large number of devices has been proposed. CK2 is a recording sequence control circuit, which scans the imaging device using its output scanning signal, and also inputs a sequence control signal to a recording head control circuit CK3, which will be described later. The recording head control circuit of CK3 processes the video signal from the imaging device CK1 and inputs its output to the recording head WH. For example, magnetic recording is performed by alternately applying odd field and even field video signals to a multichannel magnetic head. The WH is a multi-channel recording magnetic head that has a plurality of magnetic heads arranged in a row, and is pressed against the tape surface in order to perform multi-channel magnetic recording in the longitudinal direction (width direction) of the magnetic tape TP.

FIG. 2 is a circuit connection diagram showing an embodiment of the recording section of the video system of the present invention shown in FIG.
In the figure, self-scanning solid-state image sensor section CK1 is A ₁
~A _o , B ₁ ~B _o ,...M ₁ ~ _{M o} photosensitive element group, SH ₁
It is constructed by alternately arranging charge transfer gate groups of ~SH _o and shift register groups of SR ₁ ~ _{SR n} . Further, the outputs of the shift registers SR ₁ to SR _n are taken out through buffers AP ₁ to _{AP n} . The photosensitive element groups A ₁ to _{A o} are arranged in columns and rows as shown so as to photoelectrically convert optical information of the luminance distribution (pixel) of the object imaged onto the element surface. The charge transfer gates SH ₁ to _{SH n} are divided into two groups, odd-numbered rows and even-numbered rows, and are supplied with gate control pulses ψ ₁ and ψ from a sequence control circuit CK2, which will be described later.
₂ has been input. Also registers SR ₁ to _{SR n}
Similarly, the drive signal ψD is input from CK2. Sequence control circuit CK2 is an image sensor
Various signals ψ ₁ , ψ ₂ , ψD and ψ ₃ that sequence control CK1 and analog gate circuit CK3
occurs. The analog gate circuit CK3 is composed of analog gates AS ₁ to AS _n and resistance groups AR ₁ to _{AR n} , and the analog gates are divided into two groups, odd-numbered rows and even-numbered rows, and the gate control signal ψ ₃ from the sequence control circuit CK2. or its inverter AN1
are controlled by signals passed through the resistor groups AR ₁ to
They are combined and output via AR _n . The video signals from these CK3s are sent to the recording magnetic head.
The signals are sent to WH ₁ to WH _l and recorded on magnetic tape. That is, in the apparatus of FIG. 2 of the present invention, the number _l of multi-channel heads may be 1/2 of the number _n of rows of the image pickup device.

FIG. 3 is a waveform chart showing a timing chart of the circuit shown in FIG. 2, and the operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 2 will be explained below with reference to FIG. A subject image is now formed on the image sensor surface, and at time t ₁ the sequence control circuit CK2 sends the photosensitive element columns A ₁ to odd rows of the image sensor CK1.
Charge transfer gate facing A _o , C ₁ to C _o ,...
When the pulse ψ ₂ is input to SH ₁ , SH ₃ , ..., the charges corresponding to the subject brightness distribution stored in the odd rows of the image sensor CK1 are transferred to the shift registers SR ₁ , SR through the charge transfer gates. ₃ , ... at the same time. Register SR ₁ ,
The signals transferred to _{SR3 , .} Analog gate CK from control circuit CK2
As shown in FIG. 3, the control signal ψ ₃ applied to 3 is at a high level (“H”) during time t ₁ - _{t 2} ;
With this "H" signal, the analog gates AS ₁ , AS ₃ ,...
is turned on, and the odd field video signal is input to the recording heads WH ₁ , WH ₂ , . . . via the resistors AR ₁ , AR ₃ , . As a result, video signals of odd rows are sequentially magnetically recorded on the tape by the multi-channel magnetic head WH as the wide magnetic tape TP runs. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the recording pattern on the magnetic tape of the video system according to the present invention, where OD ₁ , OD ₂ , ... are patterns for odd fields, and EN ₁ , EN ₂ , ... are patterns for even fields. It is. In order to reduce the adjacent crosstalk of the multi-channel heads, the adjacent heads are arranged at appropriate angles to each other.

Next, at time t ₂ , a control pulse ψ ₂ from the control circuit is input to the charge transfer gates SH ₂ , SH ₄ , . . . in even-numbered rows of the image sensor CK1. As a result, the gates SH ₂ , SH ₄ , ... are turned on, and the accumulated charges in the even fields are transferred from the elements B ₁ to B _o , D ₁ to _{D o} , ... to the registers SR ₂ , SR ₄ , and so on, as described above. The buffers AP ₂ , AP ₄ , . . . output the signals as time-series video signals, respectively. At this time _t2 , the control signal _ψ3 from the control circuit changes from “H” to “L”.
level, so this “L” is the inverter.
Analog gates AS ₂ , AS ₄ , ... are turned on via AN1, which are input to the recording heads WH ₁ to _{WH l} through resistors AR ₂ , AR ₄ , ..., and the even-numbered rows of video are recorded on the tape in the same manner as above. The signal is magnetically recorded (Fig. 4 EN ₁ ). Note that between time t ₂ and _{t 3} , ψ ₃ is “L”
and the analog gates AS ₁ to _{AS o} are turned off. The above operations are periodically repeated depending on the row scanning frequency of the image pickup device and the running speed of the magnetic tape, producing a recording pattern as shown in the fourth diagram on the magnetic tape TP.

Next, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the playback section of the video system according to the present invention. In the figure,
The TP is a magnetic tape on which a video pattern as shown in FIG. 4 is magnetically recorded. RH is a reproducing magnetic head and uses a multi-channel head similar to the recording head. CK4 is a video distribution circuit that controls the playback head according to the control signal from the sequence control circuit CK9.
The video signal input from RH is separated into odd field and even field video signals and output. CK5 and CK6 are registers used as one field memory, where CK5 stores video signals for odd fields and CK6 stores video signals for even fields. The two registers CK5 and CK6 are CK9
Writing and reading of video signals are performed alternately by control signals from. Furthermore, CK5 and CK
Time-series video signals are outputted to the outputs of 6 and alternately transmitted to the selection circuit CK7. CK8 is a control circuit for a reproduction display, for example, a circuit that generates and sends a standard video composite signal to a standard horizontally and vertically deflected display tube (CRT), and is controlled by a control signal from the control circuit CK9. FIG. 6 is a circuit connection diagram showing an embodiment of the playback section in the video system of the present invention shown in FIG. In the figure, a multi-channel head for playback
Video signals from RH ₁ ~ _{RH l} are sent to the video distribution circuit
Input to CK4. CK4 consists of resistors BR ₁ to _{BR n} , analog gates BS ₁ to BS _n , buffers BP ₁ to _{BP n} , and inverter BN ₁ , and input video signals are converted to odd numbers by gate control signal ψ ₁₀ from sequence control circuit CK9. Field and even field video signals are separated and output. That is, when the playback head is scanning an odd field on the magnetic tape, the analog gates BS ₁ , BS ₃ ,
... is turned on, and conversely, when an even field is being scanned, analog gates BS ₂ , BS ₄ , ... are turned on. The video signal of this odd row is BP ₁ ,
It is written to _{the first 1-field memory register CK5 via buffers BP 3 , .} . While the video signal of the odd field is being reproduced and written to the register CK5, the video signal of the even field already stored in the register CK6 is read out from CK6 in chronological order, and the video signal of the even field is also stored in CK6. During the writing period, video signals of odd fields are similarly read out in time series from CK5. These sequential operations are performed by controlling each register using control signals ψs, _ψ11 and _ψ12 from a sequence control circuit CK9. Furthermore, 1 field memory register CK5
and CK6 are row registers SQ ₁ ~
It is composed of SQ _n , ST ₁ to _{ST n} and selection circuits SE ₁ and SE ₂ . These row registers have odd fields and even fields alternately and row scanning is performed simultaneously, and their outputs are converted into time-series video signals (i.e. sequential readout of rows and columns) by selection circuits SE ₁ and SE ₂ . ) is output as
CK7 is analog gate CS ₁ , CS ₂ , resistor CR ₁ ,
CR ₂ , buffer CP ₁ and inverter BN2, and in synchronization with the analog gate circuit CK4, receives a control signal ψ from the sequence control circuit.
₁₀ , and when playing an odd field, the read video signal from the even field register CK6 is output by turning on the gate CS2.
On the other hand, when playing an even field, the video signal from register CK5 of the odd field is gated.
It is designed to be output when CS1 is turned on. Therefore, an alternate video signal of odd and even fields is output to the output of buffer SP ₁ of circuit CK7, which is interlaced by the video processing circuit of CK8 and added with horizontal and vertical drive pulses to be displayed as a standard video signal. Sent to device CRT. This video processing circuit is controlled by a control signal ψ _T from a sequence control circuit CK9. Therefore, if horizontal and vertical scanning is performed at normal scanning speed, CRT
A video reproduction image will be obtained on the phosphorescent surface.

In the video system of the present invention as described above,
A subject image formed on a self-scanning solid-state image pickup device such as a CCD is scanned only in the row direction, and simultaneously scanned every other column in the column direction, such as in the interlaced system in television systems. The scanning frequency is much lower than that of normal two-dimensional scanning. Therefore, even when obtaining high-speed changes by scanning the subject image at high speed, the scanning frequency can be much lower than the conventional horizontal scanning frequency (15,750 Hz in the standard television system). The video signals corresponding to each column obtained in this manner are reproduced using each channel video recording and reproducing device,
By processing these video reproduction signals and displaying the obtained time-series video signals at a standard scanning speed, a so-called slow motion reproduction image is obtained. Therefore, according to the high-speed video system of the present invention, it is possible to create a high-speed video signal with a higher magnification even if a lower scanning frequency is used than in a conventional two-dimensional scanning video system, and its applications are as follows. It is possible to construct a video system that is extremely wide-ranging and highly effective.

In the above embodiment, only a one-frame recording and reproducing system using a combination of odd and even fields using an interlace method has been described, but the present invention is not limited to the above, and for example, a recording head and a reproducing head may be used. In order to further reduce the number of output signals, the output signal from the self-scanning solid-state image sensor is divided into several lines each into separate channels and recorded on the recording medium, and during playback, the video signals from each channel are stored in multiple registers. Needless to say, various modifications can be made, such as reproducing the video by reading out the video signals stored in the register in time series.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a recording section of a high-speed video system according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a circuit connection diagram showing an embodiment of the recording section of a high-speed video system according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram showing an example of a timing chart of the circuit, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a recording pattern on a magnetic tape according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a reproducing section of a high-speed video system according to the present invention. A schematic diagram showing the configuration of
FIG. 2 is a circuit connection diagram showing an embodiment of the illustrated reproduction section. OB1...object, LN1...lens, CK1...self-scanning solid-state image sensor, CK2...recording sequence control circuit, CK3...analog gate circuit, WH...
Magnetic head for recording, TP...Magnetic tape, RH...Magnetic head for playback, CK4...Video distribution circuit, CK5,
CK6...1 field memory register, CK7
...Analog gate circuit, CK8...Reproduction signal processing circuit, CK9...Reproduction sequence control circuit,
CRT...Cathode ray tube for display.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A subject image formed on an imaging surface made of a self-scanning solid-state image sensor that has both a photoelectric conversion function and a scanning function is simultaneously line-scanned in one direction for the entire screen or every integer fraction of the screen. The multi-channel video signal is simultaneously recorded on a recording medium by a multi-channel head consisting of a plurality of recording heads arranged in one direction, and when the recorded video signal is reproduced, the multi-channel reproducing head A video signal corresponding to the entire screen or an integer fraction of the screen is stored in one or more two-dimensional array registers, and the video signals stored in the register are read out in chronological order to generate a video signal for reproduction. . A high-speed video system, characterized in that the video signal is reproduced at a scanning rate lower than that at the time of imaging. 2. In the device according to claim 1, line scanning of the imaging surface is divided into odd columns and even columns and is performed alternately, and the obtained odd field video signal and even field video signal are sent to the multichannel head. A high-speed video system characterized by alternately recording data on a recording medium. 3. In the device according to claim 1 or 2, when reproducing the recorded video signal, while an odd field signal is being taken into the first register by the multi-channel playback head, when an even field signal is being taken in from the second register. 1. A high-speed video system characterized in that sequential reading is performed, and while an even field signal is being taken into a second register, an odd field signal is read out in a time series manner from a first register.