JPS6218025B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention calculates the amount of relative movement of a ship or a marine structure (hereinafter referred to as a ship, etc.) with respect to its position mainly when anchored, based on the ground speed in the bow and stern directions of the ship, etc., and the bow near the bow of the ship.・Measure the ground speed in the direction perpendicular to the stern direction and the ground speed in the direction perpendicular to the bow and stern directions near the stern, calculate this by integrating it with respect to time, display this, and calculate the amount of movement. The present invention relates to a relative position outflow detection device for ships, etc., which automatically issues an alarm when a set warning distance is exceeded.

Drifting anchor accidents caused by wind waves and tidal currents have recently occurred frequently in ports where many ships are anchored, oil tanker bases, etc., and the mental and physical burden on the navigators who monitor these incidents is great, especially at night, and it is difficult to measure the ship's position. Although there are various methods to reduce these burdens, the detection and warning of drifting anchors requires extremely high accuracy and precision, so there has been no appropriate countermeasures. There is a method using transit satellites to measure the absolute position of a ship, but it is not possible to measure the position continuously with this method. Also Loran C
Hyperbolic navigation according to and A has a limitation that the ship's position is within the radio wave propagation area, and it also causes positioning errors due to irregularities caused by radio wave propagation, and Detsuka's method sometimes has irregular errors due to overlapping spatial wave propagation modes. Due to the presence of these errors, it cannot be used as a sensor for warning of drifting anchors, which requires extremely high accuracy. A relative position measurement method in which the ship's position is determined from automatic acquisition and automatic tracking of a fixed target using radar is also considered, but this method has the disadvantage that a fixed target cannot always be obtained.

In view of these circumstances, the present invention measures the amount of movement of the ship's position due to wind waves and currents in the direction of the ship's bow and in a direction perpendicular to this, based on the position indicated by the ship's position at anchor, and automatically measures the amount of movement of the ship's position due to wind waves and currents when this exceeds a warning setting value. The object of the present invention is to provide a position leakage detection device for ships, etc., which has a simple structure and is inexpensive, which can issue an alarm to prompt emergency measures and ensure safety.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of an ultrasonic transducer device according to the present invention. FIG. 1a is a side view of the ship V at anchor, and FIG. 1b is a plan view of the ship V. In FIG. 1, a ship V is shown anchored with an anchor N. Points B and C are ultrasonic transmitters installed near the bow and stern of the bottom of ship V, or corresponding parts of offshore structures.
Indicates the position of the receiver. At point B, the ultrasonic transmitter/receiver in the first direction is installed so that its ultrasonic beam is directed toward the water bottom at a constant angle toward either the front or rear of the bow or stern, and the ultrasonic transmitter/receiver in the second direction is - The receiver is installed so that its ultrasonic beam is directed toward the water bottom at a fixed angle in either the left or right direction perpendicular to the bow or stern directions. At point C, the third direction ultrasonic transmitter/receiver is installed so that its ultrasonic beam is directed toward the water bottom at a constant angle in either the left or right direction perpendicular to the bow and stern directions. v ₁ , v ₂ and v ₃
are the moving speeds of the ship V in the first, second, and third directions, respectively, A is the horizontal distance between the anchor N and point B, and L
indicates the distance between points B and C, and L ₂ indicates the distance between the stern of ship V and point C. Safety is ensured when ship V moves naturally within a circle with a radius of distance (A+L+L ₂ ) centered on anchor N due to wind waves and currents, but if the ship V deviates from this safe zone and moves anchor N, It is dangerous if it starts to flow away.

FIG. 2 is a block system diagram showing an embodiment of the device according to the present invention, in which 1, 2 and 3 are ultrasonic transmitter/receivers in the first, second and third directions, and 4, 5 and 6 are This is a Doppler ultrasonic velocity meter that obtains transmitted signals from ultrasonic transmitters/receivers 1, 2, and 3 and received signals reflected from the ocean floor, and measures the velocity in these three directions from the Doppler frequency deviation.
It is also possible to process the transmitted and received signals from the ultrasonic transmitter/receivers 1, 2, and 3 in a time-sharing manner using the Doppler ultrasonic velocity meter 13 to measure the velocities in each of the three directions. 7, 8, and 9 are integrators that time-integrate the velocities in three directions from the Doppler ultrasonic velocity meters 4, 5, and 9. Reference numeral 10 is a setting device which sets the warning distances in the first, second and third directions for the three directions, and outputs it to the first, second and third comparators forming the comparator 11, and integrator 7, 8 and 9
The distance traveled in the first, second and third directions, which are output signals from At this time, the ON signal, which is the alarm output, is input to the OR circuit connected to the output sides of the first, second, and third comparators. The output of this OR circuit is input to the alarm device 12 as the output of the comparator 11. Therefore, when an alarm signal is generated in any one of the three directions, an alarm is automatically issued. The setter 10 issues a reset signal to control the integrators 7, 8 and 9, which also always display a new distance traveled. Also, the alarm signal
Since it is an ON signal, it can be easily connected to general alarm devices conventionally installed on ships, and no special alarm device is required. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the warning distance set in the device according to the present invention. In Figure 3, the center of the circumference P is O,
The point O is the anchoring position, and the radius of the circumference P is the distance (A+L+
L ₂ ), the positions of points B and C at three ship positions V ₁ , V ₂ and V ₃ of ship V are points B ₁ , C ₁ , points B ₂ , C ₂ and points
Let B ₃ and C ₃ . The relationship is ₁ = ₂ = ₃ = A. In the case of ship position V ₁ , when the movement distance of point B ₁ in the bow/stern direction, that is, in the first direction, is D ₁ ,
Ground speed in the fore-and-aft direction in the bow and stern direction at ship position V ₁
Since v ₁ , it can be expressed by the relationship D ₁ =∫ν _i dt. In addition, when the anchor N located at the center O is flown out in all movements of the ship position V ₁ , D ₁ OB ₁ =A. That is, the warning distance in the first direction is distance A. This value becomes the setting value for the first direction. Ship position
In the case of V ₂ , when the moving distance of point B ₂ in the left and right direction perpendicular to the bow and stern directions is D ₂ , the ground speed in the left and right direction perpendicular to the bow and stern directions at ship position V ₂ is ν
₂ , it is expressed by the relationship D ₂ =∫ν ₂ ·dt. Draw a perpendicular line to line segment ₂ at point B ₂ to calculate the circumference P
_{2 2} =√ ² _{2 − 2 2 =} ^√
(
+L+ _L2 ) ² - ^A2 . In addition, when the anchor N at the center O flows out in all movements of the ship position V ₂ ,
This is the case when D _{2 2 2} . That is, the alarm distance in the second direction is the distance √(++ ₂ ) ² - ² , and this value becomes the set value in the second direction. Similarly, in the case of ship position V ₃ , a point in the left and right direction perpendicular to the bow and stern directions.
When the moving distance of C ₃ is D ₃ , the bow of ship position V ₃
Since the ground speed in the left and right direction perpendicular to the stern direction is ν ₃ , it is expressed as D ₃ =∫ν ₃ dt. point C ₃
Draw a perpendicular line to the line segment OB ₃ at and find the intersection with the circumference P.
If P ₃ , _{3 3} =√ ² ₃ − ² ₃ =√(+
+
_L2 ) ^2- (A+L) ² . In addition, when the anchor N at the center O flows out in all movements of the ship position V ₃ ,
This is the case when D _{3 3 3} . In other words, the warning distance in the third direction is the distance √(++ ₂ ) ² −(+) ²
This value becomes the set value for the third direction. Thus, the ground movement speeds of the ship V in three directions ν ₁ , ν ₂ and ν
If the moving distances D ₁ , D 2 and D ₃ of points B and C in the first, second and third directions obtained by time-integrating ₃ exceed the set value in each direction _, the anchor N
In the case of a leakage, that is, a leakage from the position of a ship, etc., the integrator not only displays and detects the leakage, but also automatically issues an alarm to report the danger.

In this way, the present invention measures the amount of movement of the ship's position due to wind waves and currents in the direction of the ship's bow and in directions perpendicular to this based on the position indicated by the ship's position when anchored, and automatically issues a warning when this exceeds a warning setting value. An object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive position leakage detection device for a ship, etc., which can prompt emergency treatment, reduce the mental and physical burden on navigators, and ensure the safety of the ship.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of mounting an ultrasonic transducer in a device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block system diagram showing an example of the device according to the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is an explanatory diagram of the alarm distance set in the setting device in the device according to the present invention. V...Ship, V ₁ , V ₂ , and V ₃ ...Ship position, N...Anchor,
Points B and C...The positions where the ultrasonic transducers are placed near the bow and stern of the ship's bottom, A...Point B and anchor N
Horizontal distance between 1, 2 and 3...Ultrasonic transducer,
4 and 5 and 6 and 13...Dotsupura ultrasonic velocity meter, 7
and 8 and 9...integrator, 10...setter, 11...
Comparator, 12...Alarm device, _D1 ...Movement distance in the first direction, _D2 ...Movement distance in the second direction, _D3 ...
Distance traveled in the third direction.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first-direction ultrasonic transducer that directs an ultrasonic beam from near the bow of the ship's bottom or from a corresponding part of the marine structure toward the bow and stern of the ship, and directs the ultrasonic beam toward the water bottom at a fixed angle; a second direction ultrasonic transducer mounted with a beam directed from near the bow of the ship's bottom or from a corresponding part of the marine structure in a direction perpendicular to the bow and stern directions toward the water bottom at a constant angle; , a third direction ultrasonic transmitter/receiver installed so that the ultrasonic beam is directed from near the stern of the ship's bottom or from a corresponding part of the marine structure in a direction perpendicular to the bow/stern direction, pointing toward the water bottom at a fixed angle. a Doppler ultrasonic velocity meter that obtains transmission and reception signals in three directions from the ultrasonic transducer and the ultrasonic transducer in the first, second, and third directions, respectively, and measures the speed from the Doppler frequency deviation; An integrator that integrates the velocity in each direction and displays the distance traveled in these three directions and outputs it to a comparator, and A, the distance between the anchor and the ultrasonic transducer in the first or second direction. or second
When the distance between the ultrasonic transducer in the direction and the ultrasonic transducer in the third direction is L, and the distance between the stern of the ship etc. and the ultrasonic transducer in the third direction is _L2 . The warning distance in the first direction is A, the warning distance in the second direction is √(++ ₂ ) ² − ² , and the warning distance in the third direction is,
√(++ ₂ ) ² −(+) ² , respectively, and compare the setting value from this setting device with the output signal of the integrator. When this output signal exceeds the set value, the above comparator outputs an alarm signal to the alarm device, and the above alarm device inputs the above alarm signal and issues an alarm. Detection of outflow of the position of a ship or marine structure, etc. Device.