JPS6219574B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an exhaust and braking energy recovery system in an engine.

Gasoline engines and diesel engines, which are internal combustion engines, use the energy generated by burning fuel in the cylinder to push down the piston to generate output, and the exhaust gas generated by combustion in the cylinder is directly released from the exhaust manifold to the outside air. ejected in the direction. This exhaust gas is at high temperature and pressure and still retains considerable energy.

Recently, heat-insulating internal combustion engines have been developed in which ceramics are used in various parts of the engine, such as the outer wall of the exhaust manifold, the cylinder liner, the cylinder head insulation plate, the exhaust valve, and the piston. This internal combustion engine does not cool the internal combustion engine by dissipating the heat generated inside it, as in the past, but instead extracts hotter exhaust gas and returns this energy to the crankshaft. The aim is to improve operational efficiency,
To explain what has been done in the past, a turbine rotated by exhaust gas is placed near the exhaust port, and the surplus rotational power obtained from this turbine is reduced by speed conversion using multi-stage gears. The exhaust turbine rotates at a very high speed, and in order to transmit it to the engine's crankshaft, the rotation speed of the exhaust turbine is approximately 1/20 to 1/20.
The overall structure of the energy recovery device is complicated, and the transmission efficiency is poor, so the overall price of the internal combustion engine is increased. Not only is the efficiency of operation not very good,
It also has the disadvantage that it cannot be used under partial load.
It wasn't very effective. Furthermore, the power generated during engine braking was left unused without any effective use.

The present invention aims to improve these conventional drawbacks, and its purpose is to efficiently recover the energy held in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine and efficiently return it to the crankshaft. Another object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust and braking energy recovery device that can effectively utilize the power generated during engine braking.

Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail using the drawings.

The figure shows the configuration of the present invention, and 1 in the figure is an adiabatic type engine. As mentioned above, this engine has cylinder liners, cylinder head insulation plates,
It is an insulated type that uses ceramics for the exhaust valve, piston, etc. 2 is an exhaust manifold, the inner wall of which is made of ceramics and has a heat insulating structure. An exhaust turbine 3 is connected to the tip of the exhaust manifold 2. 4 is a high-pressure alternator, the rotational shaft of which is directly connected to the turbine shaft of the exhaust turbine 3; AC generator 4
is a two-pole alternating current generator in which the rotor is composed of a permanent magnet and the armature winding is arranged on the fixed side. This alternator 4 is driven by the exhaust turbine 3 at a maximum rotation speed of about 100,000 times per minute, so the rotor is thin and long in the direction of the rotation axis, and the centrifugal The force is minimized to prevent rotor damage. Furthermore, since the alternating current generator 4 rotates at a high speed, it generates an alternating current voltage of about 200 V and a frequency of about 3.5 KHz, which is a high voltage for use in automobiles. 5 is a crankshaft of the engine 1, which has a gear 6 at its tip.
7 is a DC motor, and a motor gear 13 provided on its rotating shaft is arranged so as to mesh with the gear 6. This DC motor 7 has a motor gear 13 and a gear 6.
The engine is operated at a rotational speed that approximately matches the rotational speed of the engine 1. 8 is an electronics controller that converts and adjusts current, and also detects signals from the accelerator switch 10, signals from the gear position switch 9, and engine braking status (when the DC motor 7 operates as a generator). During engine braking, control operations such as increasing the field of the DC motor 7 to strengthen the induced electromotive force (shunt-wound motor) or changing the connection of the series windings (series-wound motor) are performed. Electricity is generated by replacing a DC motor with a generator. Reference numeral 11 denotes a generator regulator or voltage converter, which is provided to store the generated current in the battery 12 during engine braking. When the DC motor 7 normally operates as a motor or a generator, the voltage is high, such as 200V, but the voltage of the battery 12 installed in a car or the like is 12V or 24V, and there is no voltage conversion between the two. Therefore, a voltage conversion system such as the voltage converter 11 is required.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be explained.

When the engine 1 starts rotating and high-temperature exhaust gas is discharged from the engine 1, the exhaust turbine 3 starts operating, and the alternating current generator 4 is driven to start generating electricity. An attempt is made to supply the electric power generated by the AC generator 4 to the DC motor 7 to drive it, but since the rotation speed of the exhaust turbine 3 is small, the output voltage of the AC generator 4 is also small, and the DC motor 7 is driven. It does not reach.

On the other hand, the DC motor 7 is rotated by the engine 1 and acts as a generator to generate DC voltage.
The electronics controller 8 detects the signal from the generator, controls the DC motor 7 operating as a generator and the voltage converter, and stores the current generated by the generator 7 in the battery 12.

When the rotational speed of the engine 1 gradually increases, the amount of exhaust gas increases, and the temperature thereof also increases, the output voltage of the alternator 4 also increases, and the DC motor 7 is gradually driven. Since the DC motor 7 drives the crankshaft 5 of the engine 1 in a direction that increases its output, the energy contained in the exhaust gas is recovered and fed back to the crankshaft 5 of the engine 1. Since the electronics controller 8 makes adjustments even if the rotational speed of the engine 1 changes, it controls the DC motor 7 so that it can be driven under optimal load conditions.

In addition, if for some reason an excessive load is applied to the DC motor 7 and a current exceeding the rating begins to flow,
The electronics controller 8 also detects this, adjusts the current, and controls the DC motor 7 so that it can always be driven under optimal load conditions.

With this type of circuit configuration, the entire circuit can be configured with a high-voltage circuit system, resulting in less loss compared to the 12V or 24V circuit configurations normally used in automobiles.

As described above in detail, the present invention directly connects the rotating shaft of an alternator to the turbine shaft of an exhaust turbine disposed at the tip of an exhaust manifold of an engine, and connects the rotating shaft of a DC motor to the output shaft of the engine. A driving connection is made, and electrical energy generated from the alternating current generator is applied to the DC motor to drive it, and the output of the DC motor is returned to the output shaft of the engine.Furthermore, a battery is connected to the DC motor to drive the DC motor. Since it is configured to store the electric power generated when the engine operates as a generator, it can be used to recover exhaust energy and return it to the engine only under full load conditions, unlike conventional devices, and the power generated during engine braking. Unlike those that were left unused without any effective use, they can be easily recovered even when the enthalpy of exhaust energy is low when the engine is at partial output, and the power generated during engine braking can also be used effectively. . In addition, compared to conventional mechanical systems that recover exhaust energy, friction loss is lower, and electric circuit resistance loss can also be reduced by increasing the circuit voltage. Combustion efficiency can be dramatically improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. 1...Engine, 2...Exhaust manifold, 3
...Exhaust turbine, 4...Alternator, 5...Crankshaft, 7...DC motor, 12...Battery.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In an engine that suppresses the radiation of heat generated internally and is equipped with an exhaust turbine, the rotating shaft of an alternator is directly connected to the turbine shaft of the exhaust turbine, and the rotating shaft of a DC motor is driven to the output shaft of the engine. The electric energy generated from the alternating current generator is connected to the direct current motor to drive it.
Exhaust energy of an engine, characterized in that the output of the DC motor is returned to the output shaft of the engine, and a battery is connected to the DC motor to store electric power when the DC motor operates as a generator. Collection device.