JPS6220470B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6220470B2 JPS6220470B2 JP56008440A JP844081A JPS6220470B2 JP S6220470 B2 JPS6220470 B2 JP S6220470B2 JP 56008440 A JP56008440 A JP 56008440A JP 844081 A JP844081 A JP 844081A JP S6220470 B2 JPS6220470 B2 JP S6220470B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hot water
- water
- heat exchanger
- storage tank
- heating heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
- F24H4/02—Water heaters
- F24H4/04—Storage heaters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は貯湯槽を有する給湯装置において、水
加熱用熱交換器が凍結しにくい構成を提供するも
のである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a water heating apparatus having a hot water storage tank with a configuration in which a water heating heat exchanger is less likely to freeze.
従来、貯湯槽を有するヒートポンプ利用給湯装
置として、第１図、第２図に示すごとき代表的な
ものがある。第１図に示すものは、貯湯槽１、ヒ
ートポンプユニツト２、圧縮機３、水加熱用熱交
換器（凝縮器）４、蒸発器４、絞り６、アキユム
レータ７、蒸発器用の送風機８、給湯管９、給湯
栓１０、給水管１２、前記給水管に設けられた減
圧逆止弁１１より構成され、その特徴は貯湯槽１
内に水加熱用熱交換器４が装置されている点であ
る。このものは水加熱用熱交換器４が貯湯槽１内
に装置されていることにより、凍結の心配はない
が、貯湯槽１内の水を加熱する時には、貯湯槽１
内の水温がほゞ均一に上昇するため給湯に利用し
得るためには、貯湯槽１内の水全部を必要な温度
まで加熱することになり、通常の水温から加熱を
始めた場合にすぐに利用できない欠点があつた。 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there are typical water heaters using a heat pump having a hot water storage tank, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. What is shown in Figure 1 is a hot water storage tank 1, a heat pump unit 2, a compressor 3, a water heating heat exchanger (condenser) 4, an evaporator 4, a throttle 6, an accumulator 7, a blower 8 for the evaporator, and a hot water pipe. 9, consists of a hot water tap 10, a water supply pipe 12, and a pressure reducing check valve 11 installed in the water supply pipe, and its features include a hot water storage tank 1
The point is that a water heating heat exchanger 4 is installed inside. Since the water heating heat exchanger 4 is installed inside the hot water tank 1, there is no need to worry about freezing, but when heating the water in the hot water tank 1,
Since the water temperature in the tank 1 rises almost uniformly, all of the water in the hot water storage tank 1 must be heated to the required temperature in order to be used for hot water supply. There was a drawback that it could not be used.
これに対し、第２図に示すごとく貯湯槽１とヒ
ートポンプユニツト２を分離し、水加熱用熱交換
器４も分離して、循環ポンプ１３により貯湯槽１
の下部より導管１４で水加熱用熱交換器４へ水を
送り、加熱された湯を導管１５で貯湯槽１の上部
へ送り返す構成にする方式がある。（なお、１６
は補助ヒーターである）この方式では、貯湯槽１
の下部の水温が低くても水加熱用熱交換器４で50
〜60℃まで加熱された湯を貯湯槽１の上部に貯え
ることができるため、少量の給湯利用であればす
ぐに利用できる利点がある。しかしながら、水加
熱用熱交換器４が、貯湯槽１と分離し、貯湯槽１
の下部近傍にほゞ同一高さに設置されることによ
り、ヒートポンプ２が運転停止している状態で、
零度以下の雰囲気温度中に長時間放置されると、
水加熱用熱交換器４内の水が冷却されても、水加
熱用熱交換器４の位置が貯湯槽１の下部近傍であ
るため、貯湯槽１上部の高温の湯が水加熱用熱交
換器４へ自然循環することができず、水加熱用熱
交換器４内の水が凍結し、運転不能になるばかり
でなく、水加熱用熱交換器４の破損の危険性もあ
つた。 In contrast, as shown in FIG. 2, the hot water storage tank 1 and the heat pump unit 2 are separated, the water heating heat exchanger 4 is also separated, and the circulation pump 13
There is a system in which water is sent to the water heating heat exchanger 4 through a conduit 14 from the lower part of the tank, and heated hot water is sent back to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 through a conduit 15. (In addition, 16
is an auxiliary heater) In this method, the hot water tank 1
50 with water heating heat exchanger 4 even if the water temperature at the bottom of the
Since hot water heated to ~60°C can be stored in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1, it has the advantage that it can be used immediately if a small amount of hot water is needed. However, the water heating heat exchanger 4 is separated from the hot water storage tank 1, and the water heating heat exchanger 4 is separated from the hot water storage tank 1.
By installing the heat pump 2 at almost the same height near the bottom of the heat pump 2, when the heat pump 2 is not operating,
If left in an ambient temperature below zero for a long time,
Even if the water in the water heating heat exchanger 4 is cooled, since the water heating heat exchanger 4 is located near the bottom of the hot water storage tank 1, the high temperature hot water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 is used for water heating heat exchange. Natural circulation to the water heating heat exchanger 4 was not possible, and the water in the water heating heat exchanger 4 froze, resulting in not only an inoperable operation but also a risk of damage to the water heating heat exchanger 4.
本発明は上記第２の従来例に示す構成を基本と
して、上述した欠点である水加熱用熱交換器４の
凍結の危険性を解消すべき構成を提供するもので
ある。本発明の一実施例を第３図に示し、以下に
説明する。第３図において、第１図、第２図と同
じ要素部品については同じ番号を付している。１
は貯湯槽、２はヒートポンプユニツトで貯湯槽１
の上部に位置せしめ、一体構成としてある。ヒー
トポンプサイクルは圧縮機３、水加熱用熱交換器
４、蒸発器５、絞り６、アキユムレータ７、蒸発
器５用送風機８で構成され、これらはヒートポン
プユニツト２内に収納せしめる。水加熱用熱交換
器４は対向流で圧縮機３から吐出された冷媒は上
部より下部へ流し、水は下部より上部へ流すごと
くなし、しかもトラツプの生じない構成とする。
９は給湯管で貯湯槽１の頂部より導出される。１
０は給湯栓、１１は給湯管１２に設けられた減圧
逆止弁、１３は循環ポンプで、貯湯槽１の天板２
１とヒートポンプユニツト２の基板２２とで形成
された空間部に位置せしめ、実質的には天板２１
上に固定される。１４は貯湯槽１の下部と循環ポ
ンプ１３の吸込み口を接続する導管、１７は湯温
制御弁で水加熱用熱交換器４の出口湯温を一定に
制御する。１８は安全弁、２３は接手で、安全弁
１８と、湯温制御弁１７と導管１５を接続する。
導管１５の他方は給湯管９に接続する。上記接手
２３を最上部として導管１５、給湯管９、貯湯槽
１の頂部までの系路と、湯温制御弁１７、水加熱
用熱交換器４、循環ポンプ１３、導管１４、貯湯
構１の下部までの系路の両系路ともにトラツプの
生じないように配管せしめる。安全弁１８は接手
２３と同一高さ以上に接続される。また、１６は
補助ヒーター、１９は給排水弁、２０は給水側止
水弁、２３は、電気防食用電極である。 The present invention is based on the configuration shown in the second conventional example, and provides a configuration that eliminates the above-mentioned drawback of the risk of freezing of the water heating heat exchanger 4. An embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 3 and described below. In FIG. 3, the same components as in FIGS. 1 and 2 are given the same numbers. 1
is a hot water storage tank, 2 is a heat pump unit and hot water storage tank 1
It is located at the top of the unit and has an integral structure. The heat pump cycle is composed of a compressor 3, a water heating heat exchanger 4, an evaporator 5, a throttle 6, an accumulator 7, and a blower 8 for the evaporator 5, which are housed in the heat pump unit 2. The heat exchanger 4 for water heating has a configuration in which the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 3 flows from the upper part to the lower part, and the water flows from the lower part to the upper part, so that traps do not occur.
A hot water supply pipe 9 is led out from the top of the hot water storage tank 1. 1
0 is a hot water tap, 11 is a pressure reducing check valve installed in the hot water pipe 12, and 13 is a circulation pump, which connects the top plate 2 of the hot water storage tank 1.
1 and the substrate 22 of the heat pump unit 2, and substantially the top plate 21
fixed on top. 14 is a conduit connecting the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1 and the suction port of the circulation pump 13, and 17 is a hot water temperature control valve that controls the outlet hot water temperature of the water heating heat exchanger 4 to be constant. 18 is a safety valve, and 23 is a joint, which connects the safety valve 18, the hot water temperature control valve 17, and the conduit 15.
The other end of the conduit 15 is connected to the hot water supply pipe 9 . A system line with the joint 23 at the top and the conduit 15, hot water supply pipe 9, and the top of the hot water storage tank 1, the hot water temperature control valve 17, the water heating heat exchanger 4, the circulation pump 13, the conduit 14, and the hot water storage structure 1. Both systems leading to the bottom should be routed to avoid traps. The safety valve 18 is connected to the joint 23 at or above the same height. Moreover, 16 is an auxiliary heater, 19 is a water supply/drainage valve, 20 is a water supply side water stop valve, and 23 is an electrode for electrolytic protection.
上記構成において、ヒートポンプ運転による貯
湯時は、循環ポンプ１３が運転され、貯湯槽１の
下部の水を導管１４より水加熱用熱交換器４へ送
る。この水加熱用熱交換器４でヒートポンプの凝
縮熱により加熱された水は湯となり、水加熱用熱
交換器４の出口に設けられた湯温制御弁１７によ
りほゞ一定の温度に保たれるごとく制御され、接
手２３、導管１５、給湯管９を経て、貯湯槽１の
頂部に返される。貯湯槽１内では、頂部より返さ
れた湯は、下部の水との比重差で若干の中間層を
介してほゞ完全に分離され、貯湯槽１の上部より
貯湯されてゆく。したがつて、貯湯槽１内が完全
に水の状態からヒートポンプの運転による加熱を
開始しても、すぐに貯湯槽１の上部へ55〜60℃の
湯が貯えられるため、少量の湯であれば、運転開
始後短時間で利用可能となる。ヒートポンプ運転
による加熱で貯湯槽１内の水が全部55〜60℃に加
熱されたら通常の給湯には十分使用し得るもので
あるが、さらに高温の湯が必要な場合は、補助ヒ
ーター１６の通電を行ない、必要な温度まで昇温
することも可能である。また、ヒートポンプ運転
中は循環ポンプ１３が運転されるため、導管１
４、水加熱用熱交換器４、導管１５中を水が循環
するため、この系内の凍結の心配はない。一方、
ヒートポンプ運転が停止している場合でも、水加
熱用熱交換器４は貯湯槽１よりも上部にあるた
め、水加熱用熱交換器４は、貯湯槽１の上部の熱
を受けやすいため、水加熱用熱交換器４の温度は
低下しにくく、また、水加熱用熱交換器４は水入
口を下部とし、湯出口を上部とした構成であり、
即ち、水加熱用熱交換器４の上部は貯湯槽１の頂
部と、水加熱用熱交換器４の下部は貯湯槽１の下
部とそれぞれ配管で接続されており、さらに、水
加熱用熱交換器４は貯湯槽１の上部に位置せしめ
ているため、水加熱用熱交換器４内の水が外気で
冷却されると、冷却された水は貯湯槽１の上部の
湯より比重が大きくなり下部へ流下しようと力と
なる。ここで、水加熱用熱交換器４の上部と貯湯
槽１の頂部とが連結されており、貯湯槽１上部の
湯は水加熱用熱交換器４内の水より比重が小さく
なるため上へ昇る力となることで、水加熱用熱交
換器４内の水は、貯湯槽１の下部へ、貯湯槽１内
の湯は水加熱用熱交換器４へと対流が自然に生
じ、水加熱用熱交換器４内の水が凍結することを
防止する作用を行なう。 In the above configuration, when hot water is stored by the heat pump operation, the circulation pump 13 is operated and the water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1 is sent through the conduit 14 to the water heating heat exchanger 4. The water heated by the condensation heat of the heat pump in the water heating heat exchanger 4 becomes hot water, which is kept at a substantially constant temperature by the hot water temperature control valve 17 provided at the outlet of the water heating heat exchanger 4. The water is returned to the top of the hot water storage tank 1 via the joint 23, the conduit 15, and the hot water supply pipe 9. In the hot water storage tank 1, the hot water returned from the top is almost completely separated from the water in the lower part through some intermediate layer due to the difference in specific gravity, and is stored from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1. Therefore, even if heating by heat pump operation starts when the inside of the hot water tank 1 is completely filled with water, hot water at 55 to 60 degrees Celsius is immediately stored in the upper part of the hot water tank 1. If so, it can be used within a short time after the start of operation. If all the water in the hot water storage tank 1 is heated to 55 to 60°C by heat pump operation, it can be used for normal hot water supply, but if hot water at an even higher temperature is required, the auxiliary heater 16 must be energized. It is also possible to raise the temperature to the required temperature. Also, since the circulation pump 13 is operated during the heat pump operation, the conduit 1
4. Since water circulates through the water heating heat exchanger 4 and the conduit 15, there is no fear of freezing within this system. on the other hand,
Even when the heat pump operation is stopped, the water heating heat exchanger 4 is located above the hot water storage tank 1, so the water heating heat exchanger 4 easily receives heat from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1. The temperature of the heating heat exchanger 4 does not easily drop, and the water heating heat exchanger 4 has a configuration in which the water inlet is at the bottom and the hot water outlet is at the top,
That is, the upper part of the water heating heat exchanger 4 is connected to the top of the hot water storage tank 1, and the lower part of the water heating heat exchanger 4 is connected to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1 through piping. Since the vessel 4 is located at the top of the hot water storage tank 1, when the water in the water heating heat exchanger 4 is cooled by the outside air, the cooled water has a higher specific gravity than the hot water at the top of the hot water storage tank 1. It becomes a force as it tries to flow down to the bottom. Here, the upper part of the water heating heat exchanger 4 and the top of the hot water storage tank 1 are connected, and the hot water at the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 has a lower specific gravity than the water in the water heating heat exchanger 4, so it flows upward. As a result of the rising force, water in the water heating heat exchanger 4 naturally convects to the lower part of the hot water tank 1, and hot water in the hot water tank 1 flows to the water heating heat exchanger 4, thereby heating the water. This prevents the water in the heat exchanger 4 from freezing.
さらに水加熱用熱交換器４内の水の凍結の心配
の生じるような外気温の生じる時期は給湯負荷が
大きな場合であり、通常の湯温設定は85℃適度の
高温にされるため、上述した自然対流が生じやす
くなるため、実際上ほとんど凍結の心配がなくな
ることは明白である。 Furthermore, when the outside temperature is such that there is a risk of water freezing in the water heating heat exchanger 4, the hot water supply load is large, and the normal hot water temperature setting is set at a moderately high temperature of 85 degrees Celsius. It is clear that since natural convection is more likely to occur, there is practically no need to worry about freezing.
なお、本実施例では、導管１５を給湯管９へ接
続しているが、貯湯槽１の頂部へ直接接続しても
よい。 In this embodiment, the conduit 15 is connected to the hot water supply pipe 9, but it may be directly connected to the top of the hot water storage tank 1.
以上説明したように本発明によれば、水加熱用
熱交換器４は水入口を下部とし、湯出口を上部と
して、水加熱用熱交換器４を貯湯槽１の上部に位
置せしめたことにより、水加熱用熱交換器４は貯
湯槽１の熱を受けやすく、さらに、ヒートポンプ
停止時でも自然対流により常に湯が供給されるた
め、凍結の心配がなく、その価値の大きいもので
ある。 As explained above, according to the present invention, the water heating heat exchanger 4 has the water inlet at the bottom, the hot water outlet at the top, and the water heating heat exchanger 4 is located at the top of the hot water storage tank 1. The water heating heat exchanger 4 easily receives heat from the hot water storage tank 1, and furthermore, even when the heat pump is stopped, hot water is always supplied by natural convection, so there is no fear of freezing, and it is of great value.
なお、本文中で加熱装置としてヒートポンプを
用いた場合の実施例で説明したが、他の加熱装
置、たとえばガス湯沸し器等であつても良い。 In addition, although the embodiment in which a heat pump is used as the heating device has been described in this text, other heating devices such as a gas water heater may also be used.
第１図および第２図は従来例の給湯装置の構成
図、第３図は本発明の一実施例の給湯装置の断面
図である。
１……貯湯槽、２……ヒートポンプユニツト、
３……圧縮機、４……水加熱用熱交換器、５……
蒸発器。
1 and 2 are configuration diagrams of a conventional water heater, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1...Hot water tank, 2...Heat pump unit,
3... Compressor, 4... Water heating heat exchanger, 5...
Evaporator.
Claims (1)
とを設け、水加熱用熱交換器で加熱する水を貯湯
槽下部より取り出し、加熱した湯を貯湯槽の上部
に返して貯湯を行なう給湯装置において、前記水
加熱用熱交換器は水入口を下部とし、湯出口を上
部とした構成として、前記水加熱用熱交換器を前
記貯湯槽の上部に位置せしめたことを特徴とする
給湯装置。1 Hot water supply that is equipped with a hot water storage tank and a heating device having a water heating heat exchanger, takes out the water to be heated by the water heating heat exchanger from the lower part of the hot water storage tank, and returns the heated hot water to the upper part of the hot water storage tank for hot water storage. The water heating device is characterized in that the water heating heat exchanger has a configuration in which the water inlet is located at the bottom and the hot water outlet is located at the top, and the water heating heat exchanger is located at the top of the hot water storage tank. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56008440A JPS57122235A (en) | 1981-01-22 | 1981-01-22 | Hot water supply device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56008440A JPS57122235A (en) | 1981-01-22 | 1981-01-22 | Hot water supply device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57122235A JPS57122235A (en) | 1982-07-30 |
| JPS6220470B2 true JPS6220470B2 (en) | 1987-05-07 |
Family
ID=11693181
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56008440A Granted JPS57122235A (en) | 1981-01-22 | 1981-01-22 | Hot water supply device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57122235A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4743008B2 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2011-08-10 | 株式会社デンソー | Heat pump type water heater |
| CN113623866A (en) * | 2021-07-25 | 2021-11-09 | 佛山光腾新能源股份有限公司 | Outdoor host computer of integrated form air can water heater |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2200383C3 (en) * | 1972-01-05 | 1981-02-19 | Gustav Ospelt, Hovalwerk Ag, Vaduz | Water connection device for a gas-fired boiler |
| JPS54155645A (en) * | 1978-05-30 | 1979-12-07 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Cooling heating and hot water feeding device |
-
1981
- 1981-01-22 JP JP56008440A patent/JPS57122235A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57122235A (en) | 1982-07-30 |
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