JPS6220678B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a spotlight control device used to automatically illuminate an object such as a person with a spotlight in accordance with the movement of the object.

In general, spot lighting is often used for stage lighting or lighting at wedding halls and other event venues, but such spot lighting makes the object (such as a person) stand out from the surroundings and attracts the attention of the surroundings. Since this is done in order to collect light, it is necessary to constantly track the movement of the object to be irradiated and change the irradiation direction of the spotlight in accordance with the movement.

However, in the past, when attempting to change the irradiation direction of this spotlight, the operator either swung the spotlight directly by hand or swung the spotlight by remote control, which caused the irradiation direction to be changed from the irradiated object. The problem is that it is extremely difficult to perform smooth tracking without losing track.

The present invention has been provided in view of the above-mentioned points, and is a spot light control device that can automatically perform spot illumination according to the movement of an irradiated object without requiring any operation by an operator. The purpose is to provide a device.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram according to the first invention of the present invention,
In the figure, a spotlight 1 has its swing angle controlled by a drive device 2, and provides spot illumination to an irradiated object 3, such as a person. Irradiated object 3
A transmitter 4 using wireless transmitting means, for example, a transmitter 4 using ultrasonic waves or a transmitter 4 using extremely high frequency waves, is attached to the mobile phone. On the other hand, on the spotlight 1 side, there is a pair of receivers 5 ₁ for receiving the signal from the transmitter 4,
5 ₂ are provided, and these receivers 5 ₁ and 5 ₂ have receiving surfaces in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis 10 of the spotlight 1 and are substantially parallel to the optical axis 10. The receivers 5 ₁ , 5 ₂ and the spotlight 1 are oscillated integrally by a drive device 2 so that the relative positional relationship between them is always constant. Here, the receivers 5 ₁ and 5 ₂ are, for example, microphones for receiving ultrasonic waves, or antennas for receiving extremely high frequency waves. Reference numeral 11 is a comparison circuit, which connects both receivers 5 ₁ , 5
The signal amount of the received signals received by both receivers 5 ₁ and 5 ₂ is compared with each other, and the drive device 2 is controlled by the output of this comparison circuit ₁₁ . Here, the signal amount of the received signals inputted to the comparison circuit 11 and compared with each other is:
For example, the phase difference between received signals is a difference in arrival time (phase difference of pulsed signals) or a difference in received signal power, and the comparison circuit 11 determines whether the optical axis 10 is illuminated when a difference occurs in the amount of these signals. It detects the deviation from the body 3 and controls the drive device 2 to swing the spotlight 1 in a direction such that the difference in signal amount becomes zero. In this basic configuration diagram, only one pair of receivers 5 ₁ and 5 ₂ is provided, so that the object 3 to be irradiated in the direction of the line segment connecting both receivers 5 ₁ and 5 ₂ is
However, if another pair of receivers is placed perpendicularly to the direction in which these receivers 5 ₁ and 5 ₂ are arranged, it will be possible to follow the movement of the irradiated object 3 due to its spread. It is also possible to follow and track movement, and it goes without saying that in this case, the drive device 2 requires a drive mechanism in both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.

Figure 2 shows the transmitter/receiver 4, 5 in the configuration example shown in Figure 1.
₁ , 5 _{and 2} show example circuits of the spotlight 1 side circuit section that utilize ultrasonic signals. The ultrasonic signal sent from the transmitter 4 is received by a pair of receivers 5 ₁ and 5 ₂ each comprising a microphone. The received signals received by these receivers 5 ₁ , 5 ₂ are amplified by amplification circuits 14 ₁ , 14 ₂ and then input to a comparison circuit 11 for phase comparison, and the output of this comparison circuit 11 is used to The motor control circuit 12 in the spotlight 2 is operated to control the motor 13 for swinging the spotlight 1. Here, a pair of receivers 5 ₁ , 5 ₂ are microphones.
is arranged on a line perpendicular to the optical axis 10 of the spotlight 1, so if the position of the transmitter 4 is not on the optical axis 10, the transmitter 4 (i.e., from the irradiated object 3 to the respective receivers 5 ₁ , 5 ₂ There is a difference in the distance between the receivers 5 1 and 5 2. This can be expressed graphically as shown in Figure 3. If the distance between the receivers 5 ₁ and 5 ₂ is l, then if the optical axis is shifted by θ, then d = lsin θ ( Assuming that the distance to the detected object 3 is sufficiently larger than l, the receiver 5 ₂ is closer to the irradiated object 3 than the receiver 5 _1. Therefore, let the wavelength of the sound wave transmitted from the receiver 4 be λ. Then, the signal received by the receiver 5 ₂ has a phase lead of 2πd/λ radian than that of the receiver 5 _1. Therefore, in the comparator circuit 11, the received signals of both the receivers 5 ₁ and 5 ₂ are The optical axis 10 is automatically rotated by comparing the phases of the driving device ₂ and controlling the motor 13 of the drive device 2 so that if the received signal of the receiver 52 is advanced in phase, the motor 13 of the drive device 2 is rotated to the left, and if the signal received by the receiver 52 is in phase advance, the motor 13 of the drive device 2 is rotated to the left. It will face the direction of the irradiated object 3.

FIG. 4 shows a specific circuit example of the comparison circuit 11 for phase comparison used in the circuit of FIG. 2. In FIG. In this circuit of FIG. 4, inputs 1 and 2 receive rectangular wave signals that have been sufficiently amplified by amplifier circuits 14 ₁ and 14 ₂ until the received signals of both receivers 5 ₁ and 5 ₂ are clipped, respectively. In this way, the comparator circuit 11 detects which of the inputs 1 and 2 is leading in phase, and provides information on which direction the motor 13 should be rotated or not. is output to the motor control circuit 12. Also, 15 in this figure 4
~18 is a monostable multivibrator, 19,20
2 is a NOR circuit, 21 is an AND circuit, 22 is an OR circuit, 23 and 24 are 3-input AND circuits, 25 is a buffer, and 26 and 27 are inverters, which are connected to the NOR circuits 19 and 20 forming the flip-flop with low resistance.
A circuit section for detecting a phase difference is formed by an integrating circuit consisting of _R3 and a capacitor _C3 , and a buffer 25, and a circuit section is formed by an AND circuit 21, a monostable multivibrator 17, and an inverter 26 to inhibit output when the phases substantially match. However, the OR circuit 22 and the monostable multivibrator 18 each constitute a circuit section that prohibits output when there is no input signal. Fifth
7 to 7 are time charts of the operation of the circuit of FIG. 4. Figure 5 shows the waveforms of each part of a to p added in Figure 4 when input 1 is in phase with respect to input 2, Figure 6 is when it is lagging, and Figure 7 is when they are almost in phase. It is showing.

R ₁ , C ₁ and R ₂ , C ₂ are differentiating circuits for detecting the rising edge of the input signal. The monostable multivibrators 15 and 16 are used to slightly widen the width of the narrow pulses at points (c) and (d), and the phase changes depending on the output pulse width of the monostable multivibrators 15 and 16. The range that is considered a match is determined. In the case of Figures 5 and 6, points (e) and (f) do not become "1" at the same time, but when the phases of the two inputs almost match as in Figure 7 has point (e) and
There is a time when the points (f) become "1" at the same time, and the AND circuit 21, monostable multivibrator 17, and inverter 26 detect this and inhibit the output. In other words, every time point (e) and point (f) become “1” at the same time, k
At this point, if the monostable multivibrator 17 is made retriggerable and the output pulse width is set longer than one wavelength of the input signal, point (l) becomes "1". It becomes "0" when the signals are almost in phase. As mentioned above, the noise circuits 19 and 20 are flip-flop circuits, so point (g) holds "1" when point (e) becomes "1", and point (f) becomes "1". The current value is kept at “0”. If the phase of input signal 2 (point (b)) is delayed in the range of 0° to slightly less than 180° with respect to input signal 1 (point (a)), the time of “1” of the waveform at point (g) The duty is 0% to slightly less than 50%, 0° to 180
If the progress is within a range of less than 100°, it will be 100% to over 50%. Therefore, if we integrate this by R ₃ and C ₃ , we get (h)
The potential at the point is an analog value of 0 to slightly less than Vs/2 in the former case, and Vs to slightly more than Vs/2 in the latter case (however, Vs is the power supply voltage), and after passing through the buffer 25, the potential at point (i) is in the latter case. becomes “1”, and then the inverter 27
In the former case, point (j) after being inverted by is "1". If the buffer 25 is a Schmitt trigger circuit with appropriate hysteresis characteristics, chattering can be prevented and better results can be obtained. Next, the operation of the output inhibiting circuit section when there is no input signal by the OR circuit 22 and the monostable multivibrator 18 will be described. If there is a signal now, be sure to point (e),
Since point (f) becomes "1" for each wavelength, the monostable multivibrator 18 can be retriggered similarly to the monostable multivibrator 17 described above, and the output pulse width can be set to one wavelength or more of the input signal. As a result, the output n of the monostable multivibrator 18 becomes "1" only while there is an input signal, and therefore, when the input signal disappears, the output n becomes "0", and the output is passed through the AND circuits 23 and 24. Operation is blocked.

Figure 8 shows a specific circuit example of the motor control circuit 12 used in the circuit of Figure 2, where Q ₁ and Q ₂ are PNP
Q ₃ and Q ₄ are NPN type transistors, and 13 is a DC-operated motor. The input terminals o and p in the figure are connected to the output terminals o and p of the circuit of FIG. 3, respectively. When the input terminal o is “1”, the transistor
Since Q ₂ and Q ₃ are ON, point (r) in the figure is positive,
Power is supplied to the motor 13 at point (q) with negative polarity. On the other hand, when input terminal p is "1", transistors Q ₁ and Q ₄ are turned on, so conversely, point (q) is positive,
(r) Point becomes negative. When both o and p at the input terminal are “0”, all four transistors Q ₁ to Q ₄ are
Since it is OFF, no power is supplied to the motor 13 (input terminals o and p are not set to "1" at the same time). Thus, the motor 13 rotates the spotlight 1 together with the microphone receivers 5 ₁ and 5 ₂ .

FIG. 9 shows a specific circuit example of _the amplifier circuits 14 ₁ and 14 ₂ used in the circuit _of FIG _. A weak alternating current signal is generated, which is amplified by a transistor Q ₅ , and the collector output of this transistor Q ₅ is further amplified by a transistor Q ₆ and is input to the next comparison circuit 11 .

10 to 12 show an embodiment according to the second invention of the present invention, in which modulation of, for example, about 50 KHz is applied as a light emission transmitter 6 to a microphone 28 for amplification held by a person as an irradiated object 3. It incorporates an infrared light emitting diode that emits infrared light. The spot light 1 that illuminates the object 3 to be irradiated has an optical axis 10 of the spot light 1.
An optical system 7 having an optical axis 10a parallel to is attached integrally. A light-receiving element 29 in which a large number of light-receiving elements 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ . The light receiving element 29 is arranged perpendicularly to the optical axis 10a of the optical system 7, and when the spotlight 1 is accurately spot illuminating the irradiated object 3, the light image of the light emitting transmitter 6 is placed on the light receiving element 29. The image is formed on the light receiving element ₈₁ at a fixed point 9 set at the center of the image. Here, the light-receiving element 29 is constructed by forming a large number of light-receiving elements _{8 1 , 8 2 .} The light receiving element 29 has about 30 pieces on each side, and about 1,000 pieces (30 x 30) are set, and the response speed of the automatic tracking device will be faster if the surrounding information in this light receiving element 29 is wide-area. Therefore, as shown in the figure, the light receiving elements 8 ₁₀ , 8 ₁₁ . . . in the peripheral portion are made large, and the light receiving elements 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ .

In the above embodiment, however, the detection control circuit 30 detects the output of each light receiving element 8 ₁ , _{8 2} . When transmitting light is being received, the driving of the driving device 2 is stopped to maintain the spotlight 1 at a predetermined swing angle, and the light receiving elements 8 ₂ ... other than the fixed point 9 position receive the transmitted light from the light emitting transmitter 6. When light is received, this light receiving element 8 is detected by detecting the light receiving element 8 ₂ ... in that light receiving state.
₂ ... The driving device 2 is controlled and driven so that the optical image of the light emitting transmitter 6 moves in the direction of the fixed point 9 from the position. Note that in the above embodiment, each light receiving element 8
The outputs of ₁ , 8, ₂ ... may be individually output in parallel, and the output states may be checked individually to perform the above-mentioned operation. However, as shown in FIG. 12, the detection control circuit 30 is composed of a scanning circuit 31, a detection circuit 32, and a servo circuit 38, for example, 1
By scanning and detecting the light receiving state of each light receiving element 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ .
₁ , 8 ₂ ... The circuit can be simplified, and a time lag of about 1 second does not cause any trouble in the tracking operation of the irradiated object 3. Also, if the light receiving element 29 is designed to be 24 mm square or 59 mm square,
The lens of a 35 mm camera or a 6x6 camera can be used as the optical system 7, and the configuration of the optical system 7 can be made at low cost. It is more effective to provide a filter that passes only the wavelength component of (infrared light). Further, the detection control circuit 30 is provided with a circuit portion that selectively passes only the 50KHz modulation component given to the light emitted from the light emitting transmitter 6, so that the detection control circuit 30 can be provided with a circuit portion that selectively passes only the modulation component of 50 KHz given to the light emitted from the light emitting transmitter 6, so that the signal from the light emitting transmitter 6 can be transmitted without malfunctioning due to disturbance light. The tracking operation is performed only for light.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to reliably track the irradiated object with a relatively simple configuration, and spot illumination can be performed without always straying from the irradiated object, so that even if the irradiated object is Even when the irradiator moves quickly, the irradiated object does not fall out of the spot illumination range, and spot illumination is performed automatically without the need for human intervention, which saves labor in lighting work. Since tracking is not performed visually by the lighting operator, there is no chance of losing sight of the target irradiated object even if there are many moving people who look similar and can be mistaken for each other, and there is no need for operation by the lighting operator. Therefore, it has the effect that malfunctions will not occur even when the irradiated object is or is near something that may cause psychological upset to the lighting operator. In particular, the first invention has the effect that the irradiated object can be automatically tracked reliably with a simple circuit configuration, and malfunctions due to disturbance factors can be relatively easily prevented.
According to the invention, the tracking device attached to the spotlight can be miniaturized and the appearance of the spotlight itself can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a basic configuration diagram of the first invention of the present invention;
The figure is a block diagram of the spotlight side of one embodiment of the same as above, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the same as above, FIG.
7 is a time chart of the above, FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of the motor control circuit of the above, FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of the amplification circuit of the above, and FIG. 10 is a basic configuration diagram of the second invention. FIG. 11 is an enlarged front view of the light-receiving element used in the above embodiment, and FIG. 12 is a block diagram of the detection control circuit same as the above, in which 1 is a spotlight, 2 is a driving device, 3 is an irradiated object, and 4 is a block diagram of a detection control circuit. is the receiver,
5 ₁ , 5 ₂ ... are receivers, 6 is a light emitting transmitter, 7 is an optical system, 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ ... are light receiving elements, 9 is a fixed point, 10
is the optical axis.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Radio transmitting means is provided on the irradiated object side, and two or more radios are provided on the spotlight side that swing in synchronization with the spotlight and are arranged in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the spotlight. A receiving means is provided,
1. A spotlight control device comprising: comparing and detecting differences in signal amounts of received signals between respective wireless receiving means; and controlling a swinging drive device of a spotlight based on the detected signal. 2 An ultrasonic or extremely high frequency transmitter is provided as a wireless transmitting means on the side of the irradiated object, and one or more pairs are arranged symmetrically about the optical axis or an axis parallel to the optical axis in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the spotlight. A very high frequency or extremely high frequency receiver is attached to the spotlight, and the signal amount of the received signal between each pair of receivers is compared and detected, and the reception is continued for each pair until the difference in signal amount between these two receivers becomes zero. 2. The spotlight control device according to claim 1, wherein said driving device is controlled to swing the spotlight in the direction in which the spotlight is disposed. 3 A light emitting transmitter is provided on the side of the irradiated object, and an optical system having an optical axis parallel to the optical axis of the spotlight is installed on the spotlight side, and the transmitted light of the light emitting transmitter is placed at the imaging position of this optical system. A large number of light-receiving elements that receive light are arranged around a predetermined fixed point, the amount of light received by each light-receiving element is detected, and the oscillating drive device of the spotlight is controlled so that only the light-receiving element at the fixed point position is always in the light-receiving state. A spotlight control device comprising: