JPS6220811B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a slit illumination device for the examination of binocular microscopes, in particular ophthalmic surgical microscopes, other optometric instruments or supine patients. The variable slit is illuminated by an illumination system and imaged in the object plane of the microscope by an optical system arranged in a rotatable support.

Slit lamps are known in which the slit is moved over the patient's eye by means of an arcuate guide.
The actual axis of rotation of this arcuate guide lies under the patient's chin, and the imaginary extension of this axis of rotation passes through the middle of the patient's pupil (East German Utility Model No. 7633232).

For eye microsurgery, especially retinal vitreous surgery, the slit light principle has become increasingly important in connection with surgical microscopes fixed to floor stands or ceiling stands. The arch-based guiding principle, with the actual axis of rotation under the patient's chin, is not utilized in surgical slit lamps, since a surgical field as free and unobstructed as possible around the eye is required.

The known surgical slit lamp has as a guide a rigid arch segment along which the slit lamp is moved by an electric motor (company publication 30-350-e/
79 Opton D-7082 Oberkotchen, West Germany). Although this guidance leaves the vicinity of the surgical field relatively free, it compromises the sterility of the surgical field. The motorized equipment required for movement requires self-locking gearing, which prevents quick manual manipulation, and the arch segment extensions required to increase the range of motion limit the surgical field. Optometry instruments are also known in which the observation beam path extends in two movable hinged indicators in order to achieve different viewing angles, in which a refracting mirror system is arranged (GDR Economic Patent No.
No. 139767). However, in this case there is no forced connection of motion between the supports, and the instrument is designed only for deflecting the observation beam path.

The object of the invention is to provide a device which allows a light slit or illumination means to be guided continuously into a defined arch of the microscope object plane and without restricting the surgical field. In this case, the disadvantages of known technical solutions must be avoided. Movement of the slit must be possible with an electric motor and also by simple and quick manual operation. The direction of movement of the light slit in the object plane must be freely selectable.

The object of the invention is to provide a slit illumination device, in particular for an ophthalmological surgical microscope.

This object is solved according to the invention by constructing a device with a first support and a second support that are connected by a rotary joint. An illumination system consisting of a light source and a condensing lens, and a slit in front of it.
Disposed within the first support. The first support is fixed to the microscope so as to be rotatable around the optical axis.
The second support is configured in an L-shape and is supported by one end in the first support for rotation about the optical axis of the illumination beam path inclined at an angle to the optical axis of the microscope. There is. The free end of the second support lies below the first support in the starting position and is parallel to the first support and perpendicular to the optical axis of the microscope. In the second support, the illumination beam path extends via a first refractive element arranged at the bend point, an objective lens and a second refractive element fixed near the free end of the support. Via these optical elements, the slit is imaged onto the object plane of the microscope.

The optical axis of the microscope, the optical axis of the illumination optical path before the first refraction, and the optical axis of the illumination optical path after the second refraction intersect at a point on the microscope object plane that overlaps with the imaging plane of the slit.

A gear system is disposed within the first support, the driven gear being a gear fixed to the microscope, and the drive gear being a gear selectively and removably fixed to the second support. They mesh together. A worm wheel driven by an electric motor via a second gear system is removably connected to a gear fixed to the second support. The electric motor and the second gearing are secured within the first support.

By rotating the shaft of the electric motor, the second support rotates around the optical axis of the illumination beam path, and the first support rotates around the optical axis of the microscope. The linkage of motion takes place via the first gearing. As a result, the free end of the second support moves on the meridian of the spherical surface, and since the midpoint of the spherical surface is at the intersection of the optical axis of the illumination optical path and the optical axis of the microscope optical path, the projected slit is The microscope object moves in a semicircular manner on the plane.

The invention will be explained below on the basis of schematic drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a binocular microscope 3 in which a first support 1 is rotatably supported by a bearing 2 around its optical axis. The second support 4 is rotatably coupled to the first support 1 via a bearing 5 around the optical axis of the illumination system, and the illumination system is formed by a light source 7 and a condenser lens 8. A slit 6, which is imaged by the first refractive element 10, the objective lens 9 and the second refractive element 11 onto the object plane 26 of the microscope 3, is arranged in front of the condenser lens 8. In this case, the angle α formed by the optical axis of the microscope 3 and the optical axis extension of the illumination optical path up to the first refractive element 10 is preferably the angle α formed by the optical axis of the illumination system up to the first refractive element 10. It is equal to the angle β formed by the extension line and the optical axis of the illumination system after refraction by the second refraction element 11.

Gear 13 meshing with gear 14 of the first gear device
is fixedly connected to the microscope 3. The first gear train consists of gear wheels 14, 15, 16, 17 rotatably mounted in the first support 1. gear 16
and 17 are fixedly connected to each other. gear 17
is selectively detachable by a tightening ring 25.
It meshes with a gear 18 connected to the support 4.
The worm wheel 19 is selectively and removably connected to the second support 4 by a tightening ring 24 and meshes with the first worm 20 of the second gear system. 1st
A second worm wheel 22 is supported in the worm support 1 and fixed to the first worm.
The second worm wheel meshes with a second worm 21 coupled to an electric motor 23.

FIG. 2 shows the device according to the invention with the supports 1 and 4 rotated forward. v is the angle between the starting position and the rotationally advanced position of the first support 1; The angle 2v is the angle through which the second support 4 has rotated in the bearing 5 due to the forced connection by the first gearing.

The rotational advancement is performed by switching on the electric motor 23. An electric motor drives a worm wheel 19 via a second gearing, which rotates the second support 4 in the bearing 5 . A gearwheel 18 drives a first gearing, which in turn drives the first support 1 in the bearing 2.
Turning the. At that time, the second support body 4 is coupled to the worm wheel 19 by tightening the tightening ring 24,
The positions of the first support 1 and the second support 4 are fixedly connected to each other via a second gear mechanism.
By loosening the clamping ring 25, the gear 18 is removed from the second support 4, so that both supports can be rotated about the optical axis of the microscope. In this case, the optical axis of the illumination optical path describes a conical shape with an aperture angle γ centered on the axis of the microscope. By loosening the clamping ring 24 and thus the worm wheel 19, the first support 1 and the second support 4 can be rotated by hand.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional diagram of the present invention. 1...First support, 3...Microscope, 4...Second
Support, 6...Slit, 9...Objective lens, 1
0...First refractive element, 11...Second refractive element, 1
3-18...Gear, 23...Electric motor, 26...Object plane.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Slit illumination of a binocular microscope, in particular an ophthalmic surgical microscope, in which the illumination system illuminates a variable slit, which is imaged in the object plane of the microscope by means of an optical system arranged in a rotatable support. The device comprises a first support and a second support arranged one above the other in the starting position and preferably perpendicular to the optical axis of the microscope, the first support being arranged in the optical axis of the microscope beam path. The second support is rotatably fixed to the microscope and includes an illumination system and a slit disposed in front of the illumination system, and the second support is bent and the first support is rotatable around the optical axis of the illumination beam path. the optical axis of the microscope, the optical axis of the illumination optical path after the second refractive element, and the first refractive element; The optical axis extension of the illumination beam path in front of the element intersects in a manner known per se at a point in the plane of the microscope object, the first carrier comprising a first gearing, the driven gear being a gearwheel fixed to the microscope. Further, the driving gears mesh with gears selectively and removably fixed to the second support, and are connected to the gears selectively and detachably fixed to the second support via a second gear device. A device characterized in that the electric motor is disposed within the first support.