JPS6222724B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6222724B2 JPS6222724B2 JP690281A JP690281A JPS6222724B2 JP S6222724 B2 JPS6222724 B2 JP S6222724B2 JP 690281 A JP690281 A JP 690281A JP 690281 A JP690281 A JP 690281A JP S6222724 B2 JPS6222724 B2 JP S6222724B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- motor
- fluid pressure
- gear
- weight
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
- B23Q5/26—Fluid-pressure drives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/001—Arrangements compensating weight or flexion on parts of the machine
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は工作機械におけるバランス装置に関す
るものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a balance device for a machine tool.
従来、主軸頭等の昇降部材をその送りねじにか
かる負荷を軽減化して小さな送りモータでスムー
ズに昇降させる方法として、油圧シリンダを利用
した方法（シリンダ方式）とウエイトを利用した
方法（ウエイト方式）がある。そしてシリンダ方
式では、第１図の如く主軸頭１を昇降させる送り
ねじ２と平行に、ピストンロツド３ａを主軸頭１
に、シリンダ本体３ｂを機械本体４に夫々固定し
たシリンダ３を配し、該シリンダ３に主軸頭の重
量に見合つた上向きの圧力（油又は空気）をかけ
て主軸頭をバランスさせていた。しかし主軸頭１
の移動距離が非常に長い場合、この移動距離と等
しいストロークを有するシリンダが必要となり、
その製作が困難となる。また、たとえ製作できた
としても非常に高価となり、更にまたシリンダ本
体も非常に長くなるため、機械本体に取付ける
と、該本体よりも高さが高くなり、機械の設置場
所にも困難をきたす欠点がある。 Conventionally, as methods for smoothly raising and lowering lifting members such as the spindle head using a small feed motor by reducing the load on the feed screw, there have been two methods: a method using a hydraulic cylinder (cylinder method) and a method using a weight (weight method). There is. In the cylinder type, the piston rod 3a is moved parallel to the feed screw 2 that raises and lowers the spindle head 1, as shown in FIG.
A cylinder 3 with a cylinder body 3b fixed to a machine body 4 is arranged, and an upward pressure (oil or air) commensurate with the weight of the spindle head is applied to the cylinder 3 to balance the spindle head. However, spindle head 1
If the distance traveled is very long, a cylinder with a stroke equal to this distance is required,
Its production becomes difficult. In addition, even if it could be manufactured, it would be very expensive, and the cylinder body would also be very long, so if it was attached to the machine body, it would be taller than the main body, making it difficult to install the machine. There is.
またウエイト式は、第２図の如く、主軸頭１
と、その重量とほぼ同重量のバランスウエイト５
とを機械本体４に固定された滑車６の両側に配
し、両者１，５をロープ７で連結してバランスを
とつていた。しかしこの方式ではウエイトの収納
スペース（特に横巾）が小さい場合、必要な重量
を確保するためウエイト５を長くしなければなら
ない。従つて、機械本体では必要ストロークを確
保できないときがあり、ピツトを掘つたり、上方
へ滑車を移動したりしなければならない欠点があ
る。 In addition, the weight type has one spindle head as shown in Figure 2.
and a balance weight 5 of approximately the same weight as that weight.
and were placed on both sides of a pulley 6 fixed to the machine body 4, and both 1 and 5 were connected with a rope 7 to maintain balance. However, with this method, if the storage space for the weights (particularly the width) is small, the weights 5 must be made longer in order to secure the necessary weight. Therefore, the machine body may not be able to secure the necessary stroke, and there is a disadvantage that it is necessary to dig a pit or move a pulley upward.
本発明は、上記の点に鑑み、主軸頭等の昇降部
材のストロークが非常に長くてもバランス取りが
可能な簡単な機構のバランス装置を提供しようと
するものである。 In view of the above-mentioned points, the present invention aims to provide a balance device with a simple mechanism that is capable of balancing even if the stroke of an elevating member such as a spindle head is very long.
以下に本発明の一実施例を第３図ないし第７図
に基いて説明すると、本装置は、機械本体１１の
コラム１２の前面摺動部１２ａに昇降可能に設け
られた主軸頭１３と、該コラム１２に回転自在で
かつ垂直に支持された主軸頭昇降用送りねじ１４
と、該ねじの上端部を内装支持して前記コラム１
２の上端部に固定された駆動ギヤボツクス１５
と、前記送りねじ１４を正逆回転駆動させるため
に該ボツクス１５の後端部に固定された電動送り
モータ１６とを具えた工作機械において、前記ギ
ヤボツクス１５の前端部に主軸頭重量バランス用
の流体圧モータ１７が固定され、該モータのモー
タ軸１８にモータギヤ１９が固定され、該ギヤが
前記送りねじ１４の上端部に固定されたねじギヤ
２０に中間ギヤ２１を介して噛合され、該ねじギ
ヤ２０にその主軸頭上昇回転方向へ主軸頭１３の
重量の85〜90％の重量に見合う圧力が常にかかる
ように前記流体圧モータ１７の圧力が制御されて
いる。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 to 7. This device includes a spindle head 13 that is movably provided on a front sliding portion 12a of a column 12 of a machine body 11; A feed screw 14 for lifting and lowering the spindle head is rotatably and vertically supported by the column 12.
Then, the upper end of the screw is internally supported and the column 1
Drive gearbox 15 fixed to the upper end of 2
and an electric feed motor 16 fixed to the rear end of the box 15 for driving the feed screw 14 in forward and reverse rotation. A fluid pressure motor 17 is fixed, a motor gear 19 is fixed to a motor shaft 18 of the motor, and this gear meshes with a screw gear 20 fixed to the upper end of the feed screw 14 via an intermediate gear 21. The pressure of the fluid pressure motor 17 is controlled so that a pressure corresponding to 85 to 90% of the weight of the spindle head 13 is always applied to the gear 20 in the direction of upward rotation of the spindle head.
そして、前記送りモータ１６と送りねじ１４と
の間にブレーキ装置２２が介設され、該装置のブ
レーキ軸２３の上下部に第一ギヤ２４及び第二ギ
ヤ２５が固定され、第一ギヤ２４が前記ねじギヤ
２０に噛合される。また前記送りモータ１６の回
転軸２６には第四ギヤ２７が固定され、該ギヤに
第三ギヤ２８を介して前記第二ギヤ２５が噛合さ
れる。なお、前記流体圧モータ１７は、油圧モー
タからなり、上昇側へ高圧をかけ、また下降側へ
も低圧をかけてその差が主軸頭重量の85〜90％に
当たるよう調整されており、図中２９は流体圧モ
ータ１７の下降圧流供給口、３０は上昇圧流供給
口である。第７図は、前記流体圧モータ１７を含
む流体圧回路を示すもので、図中３７は流体圧ポ
ンプとタンクを含む流体圧ユニツト、３１は第一
リリーフ弁、、３２は第一減圧弁、３３は第二減
圧弁、３４は第二リリーフ弁、３５，３６はチエ
ツク弁、３８はアキユームレータである。そして
前記第一減圧弁３２は例えば５Kg／cm2、第二減圧
弁３３は例えば50Kg／cm2の圧力に夫々設定され、
また前記リリーフ弁３１，３４は、減圧弁３２，
３３の設定圧によつて制御され、それより若干高
い設定圧とされている。 A brake device 22 is interposed between the feed motor 16 and the feed screw 14, and a first gear 24 and a second gear 25 are fixed to the upper and lower parts of the brake shaft 23 of the device. It meshes with the screw gear 20. Further, a fourth gear 27 is fixed to the rotating shaft 26 of the feed motor 16, and the second gear 25 meshes with the fourth gear 27 via a third gear 28. The fluid pressure motor 17 is a hydraulic motor, and is adjusted so that high pressure is applied to the ascending side and low pressure is applied to the descending side so that the difference corresponds to 85 to 90% of the spindle head weight, as shown in the figure. 29 is a descending pressure flow supply port of the fluid pressure motor 17, and 30 is a rising pressure flow supply port. FIG. 7 shows a fluid pressure circuit including the fluid pressure motor 17, in which 37 is a fluid pressure unit including a fluid pressure pump and a tank, 31 is a first relief valve, 32 is a first pressure reducing valve, 33 is a second pressure reducing valve, 34 is a second relief valve, 35 and 36 are check valves, and 38 is an accumulator. The first pressure reducing valve 32 is set to a pressure of 5 kg/cm 2 , and the second pressure reducing valve 33 is set to a pressure of 50 kg/cm 2 , for example.
Further, the relief valves 31 and 34 are the pressure reducing valves 32,
It is controlled by a set pressure of No. 33, which is set at a slightly higher set pressure.
上記構成において、主軸頭の上昇時には、流体
は流体圧ユニツト３７より第二減圧弁３３を通つ
て減圧され、バランスに都合のよい圧力となつて
流体圧モータ３７に入り、モータ軸１８を主軸頭
１３の上昇方向へ回転させ、第一リリーフ弁３１
から油圧ユニツト３７に戻る。この際流体圧モー
タ１７は、主軸頭１３の上昇方向にあたる送りね
じ１４のギヤ２０の回転方向にギヤ２１を介して
主軸頭重量の85〜90％にあたる圧力を常時かけて
いる。このように圧力をかけることにより、主軸
頭１３の重量の大部分を流体圧モータ１７が保持
することになり、送りモータ１６の負荷を著じる
しく軽減化しており、小形の送りモータ１６でも
十分その機能をはたすことができる。また主軸頭
１３の下降時においても、流体圧モータ１７に
は、主軸頭上昇回転方向へ主軸頭１３の重量の85
〜90％の重量に見合う圧力をかけている。しか
し、主軸頭１３の重量及び送りモータ１６の逆転
作動により、流体圧モータ１７は主軸頭１３の上
昇回転方向にかけている圧力より大なる下降逆転
方向の圧力を受けて強制的に逆転させられる。こ
の際流体圧モータ１７では、流体は流体圧ユニツ
ト３７から第一減圧弁３２を通つて流体圧モータ
１７に入り第二リリーフ弁３４を経て流体圧ユニ
ツト３７に戻る。このように、下降時には流体圧
モータ１７は強制的に逆転させられるが、実質的
に主軸頭１３を軽くして徐々に下降するようにし
ているため、安全な操作を行うことができる。な
お、流体圧モータ１７は第７図に示す如く、上昇
側へ高圧をかけ、また下降側へ低圧をかけるが、
これは流体圧モータが片側にだけ圧をかけるよ
り、両側に圧をかける方が安定した動きをするた
めであり、更に流体圧モータは流体圧ユニツトに
比べて高い位置にあるため下降側を単に流体圧ユ
ニツトのタンクポートにつないで下降させると流
体圧モータにより流体圧ユニツトの流体が吸い上
げられることになり、エアーを吸い込む恐れがあ
るためである。また上記の如く流体圧モータ１７
は主軸頭重量の85〜90％の圧力を上昇方向へかか
るよう調整しているため、流体圧モータ独自には
駆動せず、送りモータ１６の駆動による送りねじ
１４のねじギヤ２０の回転によりギヤ２１，１９
を介して流体圧モータ１７が追従し、一定の圧力
を送りねじ１４に与えながら回転する。 In the above configuration, when the spindle head rises, the fluid is depressurized from the fluid pressure unit 37 through the second pressure reducing valve 33, enters the fluid pressure motor 37 at a pressure suitable for balance, and moves the motor shaft 18 to the spindle head. 13 in the upward direction of the first relief valve 31.
Then, the flow returns to the hydraulic unit 37. At this time, the fluid pressure motor 17 constantly applies a pressure equivalent to 85 to 90% of the weight of the spindle head via the gear 21 in the rotating direction of the gear 20 of the feed screw 14, which corresponds to the upward direction of the spindle head 13. By applying pressure in this way, most of the weight of the spindle head 13 is held by the fluid pressure motor 17, and the load on the feed motor 16 is significantly reduced, even with a small feed motor 16. It can fully perform its functions. Furthermore, even when the spindle head 13 is lowered, the fluid pressure motor 17 has 85% of the weight of the spindle head 13 in the upward rotating direction of the spindle head.
Applying pressure commensurate with ~90% weight. However, due to the weight of the spindle head 13 and the reversing operation of the feed motor 16, the fluid pressure motor 17 is forced to reverse rotation by receiving pressure in the downward and reverse rotation direction that is greater than the pressure applied in the upward rotation direction of the spindle head 13. At this time, in the fluid pressure motor 17, the fluid enters the fluid pressure motor 17 from the fluid pressure unit 37 through the first pressure reducing valve 32, and returns to the fluid pressure unit 37 through the second relief valve 34. In this way, the fluid pressure motor 17 is forcibly reversed when descending, but since the spindle head 13 is substantially lightened and gradually descends, safe operation can be performed. As shown in FIG. 7, the fluid pressure motor 17 applies high pressure to the upward side and low pressure to the downward side.
This is because the fluid pressure motor moves more stably when pressure is applied to both sides rather than just one side, and since the fluid pressure motor is located higher than the fluid pressure unit, the descending side is simply This is because if it is connected to the tank port of the fluid pressure unit and lowered, the fluid in the fluid pressure unit will be sucked up by the fluid pressure motor, and there is a risk that air will be sucked in. In addition, as described above, the fluid pressure motor 17
is adjusted so that a pressure of 85 to 90% of the weight of the spindle head is applied in the upward direction, so the fluid pressure motor is not driven by itself, but the gear is driven by the rotation of the screw gear 20 of the feed screw 14 driven by the feed motor 16. 21,19
The fluid pressure motor 17 follows through the feed screw 14 and rotates while applying a constant pressure to the feed screw 14.
なお、本発明は、上記実施例の如く主軸頭のバ
ランス装置に適用するに限らず、工作機械におい
て昇降するクロスレール、ラム等の昇降部材にも
適用できる。 The present invention is not limited to the spindle head balance device as in the above embodiment, but can also be applied to elevating members such as cross rails and rams that move up and down in machine tools.
以上の説明から明らかな通り、本発明は、機械
本体に昇降可能に設けられた昇降部材と、該本体
に回転自在でかつ垂直に支持された昇降部材昇降
用送りねじと、該送りねじを正逆回転駆動させる
ための送りモータとを具えた工作機械において、
機械本体側部材に固定された昇降部材重量バラン
ス用の流体圧モータと、該流体圧モータのモータ
軸に固定されたモータギヤと、前記送りねじに固
定されて該モータギヤに噛合うねじギヤと、該ね
じギヤにその昇降部材上昇回転方向へ昇降部材の
重量よりもやや小なる重量に見合う圧力を常にか
けるための流体圧モータ制御用流体圧回路とから
構成されたことを特徴とする工作機械におけるバ
ランス装置に関するものである。 As is clear from the above description, the present invention includes an elevating member provided on a machine body so as to be movable up and down, a feed screw for elevating the elevating member rotatably and vertically supported by the main body, and a feed screw for vertically supporting the elevating member. In a machine tool equipped with a feed motor for reverse rotation drive,
a fluid pressure motor for weight balance of a lifting member fixed to a machine body side member; a motor gear fixed to a motor shaft of the fluid pressure motor; a screw gear fixed to the feed screw and meshing with the motor gear; A balance in a machine tool characterized by comprising a fluid pressure circuit for controlling a fluid pressure motor for constantly applying pressure to a screw gear in the upward rotational direction of the lifting member in an amount corresponding to a weight slightly smaller than the weight of the lifting member. It is related to the device.
従つて、本発明によると、バランス装置を流体
圧モータ及びギヤ等から構成した簡単な機構であ
るから、安価であり、かつ装置の大きさを小にし
て装置収納スペースを小にし得、更に昇降部材の
ストロークが非常に長くてもそのバランスを常に
とることができ、更にバランス装置として駆動用
の送りねじをそのまま利用しているので、従来の
如く重量物と連結するシリンダロツド、チエン等
の連結部品が不要となるといつた優れた効果があ
る。 Therefore, according to the present invention, since the balance device is a simple mechanism composed of a fluid pressure motor, gears, etc., it is inexpensive, the size of the device is small, the storage space for the device can be reduced, and furthermore, it is easy to lift and lower. Even if the stroke of the component is very long, it can always be balanced, and since the drive feed screw is used as a balance device, it can be used as a balance device for connecting parts such as cylinder rods and chains that connect heavy objects. It has an excellent effect when it becomes unnecessary.
第１図は従来の主軸頭のシリンダ式バランス装
置を示す概略図、第２図は同ウエイト式バランス
装置を示す概略図、第３図は本発明の一実施例を
示す工作機械の側面図、第４図は同正面図、第５
図は同駆動ギヤボツクスのギヤ配列図、第６図は
同ギヤボツクスの縦断面図、第７図は同流体圧モ
ータを含む流体圧回路図である。
１１：機械本体、１３：主軸頭、１４：送りね
じ、１５：駆動ギヤボツクス、１６：送りモー
タ、１７：流体圧モータ、１８：モータ軸、１
９：モータギヤ、２０：ねじギヤ、２１：中間ギ
ヤ、３２：第一減圧弁、３３：第二減圧弁、３
７：流体圧ユニツト。
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional spindle head cylinder type balance device, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the same weight type balance device, and FIG. 3 is a side view of a machine tool showing an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is the same front view, Figure 5
The figure is a gear arrangement diagram of the drive gearbox, FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the gearbox, and FIG. 7 is a fluid pressure circuit diagram including the fluid pressure motor. 11: Machine body, 13: Spindle head, 14: Feed screw, 15: Drive gear box, 16: Feed motor, 17: Fluid pressure motor, 18: Motor shaft, 1
9: Motor gear, 20: Screw gear, 21: Intermediate gear, 32: First pressure reducing valve, 33: Second pressure reducing valve, 3
7: Fluid pressure unit.
Claims (1)
と、該本体に回転自在でかつ垂直に支持された昇
降部材昇降用送りねじと、該送りねじを正逆回転
駆動させるための送りモータとを具えた工作機械
において、機械本体側部材に固定された昇降部材
重量バランス用の流体圧モータと、該流体圧モー
タのモータ軸に固定されたモータギヤと、前記送
りねじに固定されて該モータギヤに噛合うねじギ
ヤと、該ねじギヤにその昇降部材上昇回転方向へ
昇降部材の重量よりもやや小なる重量に見合う圧
力を常にかけるための流体圧モータ制御用流体圧
回路とから構成されたことを特徴とする工作機械
におけるバランス装置。1 Equipped with an elevating member provided on a machine body so as to be movable up and down, a feed screw for elevating the elevating member rotatably and vertically supported on the main body, and a feed motor for driving the feed screw in forward and reverse rotation. In the machine tool, a fluid pressure motor for balancing the weight of a lifting member is fixed to a machine body side member, a motor gear is fixed to a motor shaft of the fluid pressure motor, and a motor gear is fixed to the feed screw and meshes with the motor gear. It is characterized by being composed of a screw gear and a fluid pressure circuit for controlling a fluid pressure motor for constantly applying a pressure to the screw gear in the upward rotational direction of the lifting member corresponding to a weight slightly smaller than the weight of the lifting member. Balancing device for machine tools.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP690281A JPS57121409A (en) | 1981-01-19 | 1981-01-19 | Balancing device for machine tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP690281A JPS57121409A (en) | 1981-01-19 | 1981-01-19 | Balancing device for machine tool |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57121409A JPS57121409A (en) | 1982-07-28 |
| JPS6222724B2 true JPS6222724B2 (en) | 1987-05-19 |
Family
ID=11651159
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP690281A Granted JPS57121409A (en) | 1981-01-19 | 1981-01-19 | Balancing device for machine tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57121409A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CZ2011453A3 (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2013-01-02 | Ceské vysoké ucení technické v Praze, Fakulta strojní, Výzkumné centrum pro strojírenskou výrobní techniku a technologii | Device for balancing vertical linear axes of movement of machine tools |
-
1981
- 1981-01-19 JP JP690281A patent/JPS57121409A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57121409A (en) | 1982-07-28 |
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